| 11. CKM quark-mixing matrix 1 11. THE CABIBBO-KOBAYASHI-MASKAWA QUARK-MIXING MATRIX (2008) | |||||||||||||
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| In the Standard Model with SU(2) × U(1) as the gauge group of electroweak interactions, both the quarks and leptons are assigned to be left-handed doublets and right-handed singlets. The quark mass eigenstates are not the same as the weak eigenstates, and the matrix relating these bases was defined for six quarks and given an explicit parametrization by Kobayashi and Maskawa [1] in 1973. It generalizes the four-quark case, where the matrix is parametrized by a single angle, the Cabibbo angle [2]. By convention, the mixing is often expressed in terms of a 3 × 3 unitary matrix V operating on the charge −e/3 quark mass eigenstates (d, s, andb): d ′ ⎝ s ′ b ′ | |||||||||||||
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