A Simple Ionization Gauge for Ionizing Radiation Studies on Transistors, (2005)
A ionization gage is described for measuring the rate of ionization produced by radiation within the transistor encapsulation.
Barry, A. L., Fuchs, P. C., Allen, S. D., Brown, S. D., Jorgensen, J. H., Tenover, F. C.
The l-isomer of ofloxacin (levofloxacin) was twice as active as ofloxacin and the d-isomer was inactive against 654 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates. For disc susceptibility tests of pneumococci, 5...
Fuchs, P. C., Barry, A. L., Tenover, F. C., Allen, S. D., Jorgensen, J. H., Murray, P. R.
Proposed quality control (QC) parameters for susceptibility testing of Streptococcus pneumoniae to cefdinir were developed following the procedure recommended by the National Committee for Clinical...
McLaughlin, J. C., Barry, A. L., Fuchs, P. C., Gerlach, E. H., Hardy, D. J., Pfaller, M. A.
Susceptibility tests were performed on 2402 of consecutive isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and 254 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in five separate medical centres. Five β-lactams were evaluated...
Barry, A. L., Fuchs, P. C., Citron, D. M., Allen, S. D., Wexler, H. M.
The susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to two new fluoroquinolones, PD 131628 (the bioactive form of PD 131112 or CI-990) and clinafloxacin (CI-960 or PD 127391), was determined with the agar...
Reproducibility of disc susceptibility tests with Haemophilus influenzae (1991)
Barry, A. L., Jorgensen, J. H., Hardy, D. J.
Triplicate susceptibility tests were performed in each of three laboratories with 45 strains of Haemophilus influenzae and a single lot of Haemophilus test medium (HTM) agar plates. Using...
Desacetylcefotaxime--another broad spectrum cephalosporin? (1989)
FUCHS, P. C., JONES, R. N., BARRY, A. L., ALLEN, S. D., AYERS, L. W., PFALLER, M.
Cefpiramide: comparative in-vitro activity and {beta}-lactamase stability (1985)
Barry, A. L., Jones, R. N., Thornsberry, C., Fuchs, P. C., Ayers, L. W., Gavan, T. L., ...
Cefpiramide is a new Pseudomonas-active cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. Like cefoperazone, cefpiramide was moderately susceptible to hydrolysis by a variety of...
Barry, A. L., Jones, R. N., Thornsberry, C., Fuchs, P. C., Gerlach, E. H., Sommers, H. M.
Ceftizoxime is a 7-aminothiazolyl α-methoxyimino cephalosporin, a new ‘third-generation’ cephalosporin. A collaborative study was undertaken to document its in vitro activity, β-lactamase...
Barry, A. L., Thornsberry, C., Jones, R. N.
LY 127935 is a new semisynthetic β-lactam antimicrobial agent. Its activity was compared to that of cefotaxime, cefamandole, cefoxitin, cefazolin, cephalothin, piperacillin, ticarcillin,...
Quality Control Limits for Broth Microdilution Susceptibility Tests of Ten Antifungal Agents
Barry, A. L., Pfaller, M. A., Brown, S. D., Espinel-Ingroff, A., Ghannoum, M. A., Knapp, C., ...
Broth microdilution susceptibility tests of Candida species have now been standardized by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). An eight-laboratory collaborative study was...
McDermott, P. F., Barry, A. L., Jones, R. N., Stein, G. E., Thornsberry, C., Wu, C. C., ...
Quality control (QC) standards for the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of two fastidious veterinary pathogens, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Haemophilus somnus, were developed in...
Barry, A. L., Fuchs, P. C., Brown, S. D.
Four different compounds belonging to the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSb) class of antimicrobial agents were tested against 611 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains. The ketolide (HMR 3647,...
Barry, A. L., Pfaller, M. A., Rennie, R. P., Fuchs, P. C., Brown, S. D.
Interpretive agreements among the results of fluconazole broth microdilution tests, Etests, and disk diffusion tests were documented by evaluating 495 Candida spp. Microdilution reference test...
Rex, J H, Pfaller, M A, Barry, A L, Nelson, P W, Webb, C D
The antifungal susceptibilities of 232 pathogenic blood stream Candida isolates collected during a recently completed trial comparing fluconazole (400 mg/day) with amphotericin B (0.5 mg/kg of body...
Broth microdilution tests were carried out with 2,671 respiratory tract isolates from 19 medical centers throughout the continental United States. The tests compared a streptogramin (RP59500) to...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Sewell, D L
The in vitro antimicrobial activity of an oral penem, WY-49605, was compared with those of six other oral antimicrobial agents against 598 bacterial isolates representing 51 different species....
Barry, A L, Brown, S D, Novick, W J
The in vitro activities of four extended-spectrum cephalosporins and benzyl penicillin were evaluated against 698 clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, including 130 (19%)...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Brown, S D
More than 3,000 consecutive clinical bacterial isolates from 10 U.S. medical centers were subjected to standard broth microdilution and disk diffusion tests to determine their susceptibilities to...
A new triazole derivative (voriconazole or UK-109,496) and fluconazole were tested against 249 isolates of Candida spp. representing six species. Voriconazole was 10 to 100 times more potent than...
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Brown, S D
Ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, PD 131628, sparfloxacin, and trovafloxacin were tested against 236 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, most of which were resistant to other agents. Resistance to...
In vitro evaluation of WIN 57273, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
WIN 57273 is a new fluoroquinolone that has an expanded spectrum of activity against Staphylococcus spp. (MIC for 90% of isolates [MIC90], 0.008 microgram/ml), Enterococcus faecalis (MIC90, 0.06...
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L
E1040 is a new parenteral cephalosporin which was tested against 690 clinical isolates and compared with cefpirome and ceftazidime. E1040 had the best activity of the three drugs against Pseudomonas...
Ampicillin-sulbactam and cefoperazone-sulbactam were tested against staphylococci that were collected from 40 different medical centers throughout the United States. Oxacillin-resistant strains were...
In vitro evaluation of DuP 105 and DuP 721, two new oxazolidinone antimicrobial agents.
DuP 105 and DuP 721 are two members of the oxazolidinones, a new class of synthetic antimicrobial agents with activity against gram-positive bacteria. In vitro tests compared the two new drugs with...
In vitro antimicrobial activity of tigemonam, a new orally administered monobactam.
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L
At five geographically separate medical centers, over 6,000 clinical bacterial isolates were tested for their susceptibility to tigemonam by the broth microdilution method. The antimicrobial spectrum...
Compound U-76,253A (R-3746), the active metabolite sodium salt of the prodrug ester U-76,252 (CS-807), was demonstrated to be active against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae with 82 and 85%...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
The in vitro activity of azithromycin (CP 62,993 or XZ-450) against Haemophilus influenzae was greater than that of three other macrolides. However, azithromycin was four- to eightfold less active...
Multicenter in vitro evaluation of SM-7338, a new carbapenem.
Jones, R N, Aldridge, K E, Allen, S D, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Gerlach, E H, ...
A new carbapenem, SM-7338, was compared with imipenem, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime at five medical centers. Nearly 6,000 strains were tested by reference methods of the National Committee for...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
The in vitro activities of trospectomycin sulfate were compared with those spectinomycin against 632 aerobic microorganisms, including 66 Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates. Against species other than...
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
A new macrolide (A-56268) was found to be approximately twice as active as erythromycin and four to eight times more active than roxithromycin. All three macrolides were similar in their potency...
LY146032, a new lipopeptide, was found to have a spectrum of gram-positive antimicrobial activity that includes activity against staphylococci (methicillin susceptible and resistant), beta-hemolytic...
Eighty-seven organisms were tested against ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, desacetylcefotaxime, and the combination of cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime (1:1 ratio) in broth containing 0, 25, or 50% human...
Barry, A L, Miller, G H, Thornsberry, C, Hare, R S, Jones, R N, Lorber, R R, ...
In vitro studies were performed with 74 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates which were collected during a multicenter trial. The isolates were obtained from 70 patients who had been treated with...
The antimicrobial activity and spectrum of ceftibuten (7432-S; SCH 39720) was determined on a wide variety of bacterial species selected for resistance to oral and parenteral beta-lactam...
Evaluation of the in vitro activity of BMY-28142, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin.
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
The in vitro activity of BMY-28142, a new cephalosporin, was tested by a broth microdilution system and compared with those of cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone, moxalactam, and HR 810 against...
In vitro evaluation of A-56619 and A-56620, two new quinolones.
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
The in vitro activities of two new aryl-fluoroquinolones (A-56619 and A-56620) were compared with those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, enoxacin, and norfloxacin. All six quinolones had broad spectra of...
Antistaphylococcal activity of ceforanide and cefonicid in the presence of human serum.
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Packer, R R
Tests with 52 strains of Staphylococcus aureus compared ceforanide and cefonicid. Addition of 50% human serum to the test system reduced the bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of cefonicid,...
Jones, R N, Baker, C, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C
A new oral cephalosporin, LY164846 (Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind.), was found to have a unique antimicrobial spectrum confined to methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus spp., streptococci...
Jones, R N, Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Ayers, L W, Gerlach, E H, Gavan, T L
Susceptibility testing of 7,775 recent clinical isolates from four medical centers showed Ro 15-8074 to be 2-to greater than 8-fold more active than either cefaclor or cefuroxime against the...
Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Baker, C N, Badal, R E, Packer, R R
Fortimicin A, a pseudodisaccharide aminoglycoside, was found to have broad-spectrum activity against most clinically important aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria, except Pseudomonas...
Mezlocillin: tentative interpretive standards for disk diffusion susceptibility testing.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N, Gerlack, E H
The susceptibility of 447 clinical bacterial isolates to mezlocillin and carbenicillin was tested by standardized agar disk diffusion and reference broth micro-dilution methods. Tentative...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
Cefsulodin (SCE-129) is a cephalosporin with a spectrum of antibacterial activity largely limited to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Cefsulodin was compared with carbenicillin,...
In vitro antimicrobial activity evaluation of cefodizime (HR221), a new semisynthetic cephalosporin.
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Wilson, H W
Cefodizime (HR221) is a new alpha-methoxyimino cephalosporin developed by Hoechst-Roussel with a reported serum half-life of over 2 h. In vitro susceptibility studies showed that the cefodizime...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Gavan, T L, Jones, R N
Augmentin (Beecham Laboratories, Bristol, Tenn.), a combination drug consisting of two parts amoxicillin to one part clavulanic acid and a potent beta-lactamase inhibitor, was evaluated in vitro in...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
Three new macrolide drugs (RU28965, RU29065, and RU29702) were compared in vitro with erythromycin and five other orally administered antimicrobial agents by using 733 recent clinical isolates. All...
Cefoperazone A, the principal metabolite of cefoperazone, was found to have an antimicrobial activity ranging from slightly below to 16-fold less than that of the parent drug. Like cefoperazone, the...
In vitro activity of ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid against 632 clinical isolates.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
A total of 632 clinical bacterial isolates were tested for susceptibility to twofold dilutions of ticarcillin alone and in combination with 1, 2, and 4 micrograms of clavulanic acid (CA) (Timentin)...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C, Ayers, L W, Gerlach, E H, Sommers, H M
In vitro studies were performed comparing ciprofloxacin (Bay o 9867) and norfloxacin with three related organic acids. Ciprofloxacin was two to eight times more active than norfloxacin against 658...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Ayers, L W, Gavan, T L, Gerlach, E H, Sommers, H M
Quantitative susceptibility tests were performed in four separate medical centers, in which apalcillin was compared with piperacillin and carbenicillin. Data from tests of 6,797 isolates confirmed...
In vitro evaluation of HR810, a new wide-spectrum aminothiazolyl alpha-methoxyimino cephalosporin.
Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L
HR810 (Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals Inc., Somerville, N.J.) is a new, cyclical-pyridinium cephalosporin that appeared superior to numerous comparison drugs against 658 strains of aerobic and...
Six different gram-negative bacilli were serially transferred through subinhibitory concentrations of seven quinolone derivatives or related organic acids. A gradual, stepwise decrease in...
Ayers, L W, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Fuchs, P C, Gavan, T L, ...
Cefotetan is a new, potent, 7 alpha-methoxy cephalosporin (cephamycin). The in vitro activity of cefotetan tested in a multiphasic, collaborative study against 12,260 consecutive clinical isolates...
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Pfaller, M A
In in vitro studies we evaluated the susceptibilities of beta-lactamase-producing and -nonproducing, ampicillin-resistant strains of Haemophilus influenzae and compared them with those of...
Pfaller, M A, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C
Ro 40-6890, the active metabolite of Ro 41-3399, was tested against 391 gram-negative and gram-positive clinical isolates. Ro 40-6890 was active against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae,...
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Gerlach, E H, Hardy, D J, McLaughlin, J C, Pfaller, M A
A five-laboratory coordinated study was undertaken to determine whether ticarcillin and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid disk susceptibility tests could accurately detect resistance among enteric bacilli....
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Allen, S D, Tenover, F C, Jorgensen, J H, Reller, L B
For testing bacterial susceptibility to PD131628, a 5-micrograms disk and the following tentative interpretive criteria may be used: > or = 19 mm for susceptible (MIC, < or = 1.0 micrograms/ml), 16...
Methods for predicting susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae to cefixime.
Among 698 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, 475 were penicillin susceptible and > 99% of those were susceptible to 0.5 microgram of cefixime per ml; other pneumococci were tentatively assumed to be...
Fluconazole disk diffusion procedure for determining susceptibility of Candida species.
A simple disk diffusion test was defined for quick determination of the susceptibility of Candida species to fluconazole. The standard macrotube dilution reference method, the fluconazole E test, and...
Cefotaxime- and ceftriaxone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae is now appearing in some medical centers, but 30-micrograms cefotaxime or 30-micrograms ceftriaxone disks are not reliable for detecting...
Sanders, C C, Barry, A L, Washington, J A, Shubert, C, Moland, E S, Traczewski, M M, ...
A three-phase analysis of the Vitek ESBL test and a double-disk (2 disk) test was performed to assess their ability to detect extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in members of the family...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Brown, S D
Two hundred twenty-eight strains of Haemophilus influenzae and 234 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae were tested by broth microdilution and disk diffusion methods for susceptibility to trimethoprim...
Fuchs, P C, Stickel, S, Anderson, P H, Barry, A L, Shilling, S
At clinically achievable levels (e.g., 25 micrograms/ml), sulbactam exerted no effect on aminoglycoside concentrations when incubated together in pooled serum at 37 degrees C for up to 24 h....
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Pfaller, M A, Allen, S D, Gerlach, E H
The in vitro activities of three new quinolones (sparfloxacin, CI-960, and PD 131,628) were compared with that of ciprofloxacin against 5,252 routine clinical aerobic and facultatively anaerobic...
In vitro activities of sparfloxacin, tosufloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and fleroxacin.
The in vitro activity of sparfloxacin was compared with those of tosufloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and fleroxacin against 730 bacterial isolates representing 49 different species. Sparfloxacin and...
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Jorgensen, J H, Tenover, F C, Allen, S D, Hardy, D J, ...
In vitro studies evaluated methods for testing the susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae to piperacillin-tazobactam combinations. Ampicillin-resistant beta-lactamase-nonproducing strains of H....
A comparative evaluation of two broth microdilution methods for antifungal susceptibility testing of 600 clinical yeast isolates (Candida spp., Torulopsis glabrata, and Cryptococcus neoformans)...
Sewell, D L, Pfaller, M A, Barry, A L
A comparison of the E test, the broth microdilution test, and the reference broth macrodilution susceptibility test of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards for fluconazole...
One hundred fifty isolates of Haemophilus influenzae (including 30 beta-lactamase-positive strains and 23 beta-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-resistant strains) were tested for susceptibilities to...
Barry, A L, Reller, L B, Miller, G H, Washington, J A, Schoenknect, F D, Peterson, L R, ...
A multilaboratory study was undertaken to reassess the amount of calcium and magnesium that should be added to Mueller-Hinton broth when testing Pseudomonas aeruginosa against amikacin, gentamicin,...
Barry, A L, Cohen, M A, Sesnie, J C, Fuchs, P C, Washington, J A, Murray, P R, ...
For testing the susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to enoxacin, a proposed susceptibility category includes strains for which MICs are less than or equal to 0.5 micrograms/ml and zones of...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Baker, C, Murray, P R, Washington, J A
A multilaboratory study designed to determine the in vitro susceptibility criteria and quality control parameters for ofloxacin against Neisseria gonorrhoeae was conducted according to the guidelines...
Haemophilus Test Media (HTM) were prepared from 12 different lots of Mueller-Hinton agar. When tested with Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247, most lots were initially rejected because of small zones...
Jorgensen, J H, Barry, A L, Doern, G V, Ferraro, M J, Murray, P R
Inconsistent quality control results in disk diffusion testing of cefaclor, cefamandole, cefonicid, and cefuroxime with Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247 and Haemophilus test medium (HTM) prompted a...
Barry, A L, Jorgensen, J H, Hardy, D J, Allen, S D, Baker, C N
A beta-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-resistant strain of Haemophilus influenzae is currently used for quality control of broth microdilution tests performed with Haemophilus test medium (HTM)....
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Baker, C N, Murray, P R, Washington, J A
To support future clinical studies, in vitro susceptibility tests were examined to determine whether Neisseria gonorrhoeae could be tested reliably against two beta-lactam-clavulanate combinations....
Levofloxacin disk potency and tentative interpretive criteria for susceptibility tests.
Pfaller, M A, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C
Levofloxacin disk susceptibility test criteria were evaluated by testing 350 bacterial isolates. Either 5- or 10-micrograms disks could be used satisfactorily. A 5-micrograms levofloxacin disk with...
Ramoplanin susceptibility testing criteria.
Barry, A L, Pfaller, M A, Fuchs, P C
Ramoplanin and mupirocin are two antimicrobial agents that may be applied topically. They had similar potencies against susceptible gram-positive cocci, but they differed in their spectra of...
Tentative interpretive criteria for disk diffusion susceptibility testing of sparfloxacin.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Pfaller, M A
Susceptibility to sparfloxacin was tested simultaneously by the agar dilution and disk diffusion methods. For tests with 5-micrograms sparfloxacin disks, we propose that the breakpoints for the...
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Allen, S D, Jorgensen, J H, Tenover, F C, Murray, P R, ...
Sparfloxacin and levofloxacin were evaluated against 150 Haemophilus influenzae isolates and 149 Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in order to define susceptibility testing parameters....
Quality control limits for microdilution susceptibility tests with norfloxacin.
Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Ayers, L W, Fuchs, P C, Gerlach, E H, Thornsberry, C
A multilaboratory study was designed to define quality control limits for microdilution susceptibility tests with norfloxacin. The following limits were proposed: for Escherichia coli ATCC 25922,...
For in vitro susceptibility tests with cefoperazone and sulbactam (a beta-lactamase inhibitor), 75/30-micrograms disks may be used with the interpretive zone size breakpoints that are currently used...
The accuracy of disk susceptibility tests with ampicillin and ampicillin-sulbactam was not improved when the amount of ampicillin was increased from 10 to 20 or 30 micrograms per disk. For testing...
LY163892, a new orally administered 1-carbacephem, was found to have a spectrum of antimicrobial activity very similar to that of cefaclor. Diffusion tests with 30-micrograms LY163892 disks produced...
Tests with 100 anaerobic bacterial isolates demonstrated comparability between ceftriaxone MICs obtained with the reference agar dilution procedure and those obtained with a broth microdilution...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N
A total of 97 anaerobic bacteria were tested for susceptibility to ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid by broth microdilution and disk elution methods, the results of...
Barry, A L, Fernandes, P B, Jorgensen, J H, Thornsberry, C, Hardy, D J, Jones, R N
Four separate laboratories performed antimicrobial susceptibility tests with 40 Haemophilus influenzae isolates, each tested in triplicate. Erythromycin and a new macrolide, clarithromycin (A-56268;...
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L
There are at least four different existing or proposed interpretive criteria for the disk diffusion susceptibility testing of ticarcillin and ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid (T/C). To assess these...
Temafloxacin disk potency and tentative interpretive criteria for susceptibility tests.
Temafloxacin disk susceptibility test criteria were evaluated by testing 697 bacterial isolates. Either 5- or 10-micrograms disks could be used satisfactorily. A 5-micrograms temafloxacin disk with...
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Gavan, T L
The susceptibilities of 221 clinical isolates to ofloxacin were tested simultaneously by broth microdilution and disk diffusion methods with commercially prepared 5-micrograms ofloxacin disks. The...
Zabransky, R J, Bobey, D G, Barry, A L, Allen, S D, Fuchs, P C, Gerlach, E H, ...
Reference values for quality control of in vitro susceptibility tests with cefotetan against anaerobic bacteria were determined in two independent multilaboratory studies with the approved National...
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Allen, S D, Thornsberry, C, Gerlach, E H, Jones, R N
Multilaboratory studies were performed to develop MIC quality control limits for the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards reference agar dilution method for anaerobic susceptibility...
Comparison of cefadroxil and cephalothin disk susceptibility test results.
Diffusion susceptibility tests with 30-micrograms cefadroxil disks and 30-micrograms cephalothin disks were evaluated. For both agents, the same zone size interpretive criteria were recommended (less...
A strain of Eubacterium lentum (ATCC 43055) was selected for quality control of anaerobic susceptibility tests. Multilaboratory collaborative studies with 13 different antimicrobial agents were...
Proposed disk diffusion susceptibility criteria for ofloxacin.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
Disk diffusion zone diameter breakpoint criteria for ofloxacin were tentatively established by correlating MICs with 1-, 3-, and 5-micrograms disk inhibitory zone diameters for 638 bacterial isolates...
Interpretive standards and quality control guidelines for cefpiramide disk susceptibility tests.
Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
Disk susceptibility tests with 30- and 75-micrograms cefpiramide disks were evaluated with 614 bacterial isolates. Quality control parameters were also evaluated, and control limits for disk tests...
Barry, A L, Packer, R R, Jones, R N
Tests were performed with 104 anaerobic microorganisms to evaluate the thioglycolate disk elution technique for the detection of resistance to cefoperazone and cefoperazone-sulbactam. An unacceptably...
Evaluation of teicoplanin and vancomycin disk susceptibility tests.
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
Disk tests with two glycopeptide antibiotics, teicoplanin and vancomycin, were evaluated, and MICs were compared with those of fusidic acid and coumermycin. For tests with 30-micrograms vancomycin...
Tentative disk diffusion susceptibility interpretive criteria for BMY-28142, a new cephalosporin.
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
A total of 750 bacterial isolates, including 37 different species, were tested for susceptibility to BMY-28142 by standardized broth microdilution and disk diffusion tests. The zone diameter...
Critical evaluation of amdinocillin disk susceptibility tests correlated with agar dilution tests.
Tests with 10-micrograms amdinocillin disks were performed in parallel with agar dilution tests and three different ranges of inoculum density. A resistance breakpoint of less than or equal to 13 mm...
Selection of a reference lot of Mueller-Hinton agar.
Pollock, H M, Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Fuchs, P C, Hansen, S, Thornsberry, C L, ...
A collaborative study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of currently marketed Mueller-Hinton agars from seven manufacturers by replicate disk diffusion tests with standard quality control...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Thornsberry, C
The 15-micrograms erythromycin disk was twice evaluated for interpretive accuracy against 417 and then 266 strains of gram-positive cocci, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae by using...
Tentative disk diffusion susceptibility interpretive criteria for pefloxacin.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
Standardized broth microdilution and disk diffusion susceptibility tests for pefloxacin were performed on 585 clinical isolates. The 5-micrograms pefloxacin disk is recommended, and the following...
Cefixime disk susceptibility test criteria.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N
A total of 583 bacterial isolates was tested for susceptibility to cefixime by broth microdilution and by disk agar diffusion with 5-, 10-, and 30-microgram disks. At MIC breakpoints of less than or...
Barry, A L, Cotton, J L, Jones, R N, Packer, R R
For microdilution susceptibility tests with nutritionally fastidious microorganisms, a new clear broth medium developed at Micro-Media Systems, Inc., Potomac, Md., was evaluated in a three-laboratory...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Thornsberry, C
Cefmetazole, formerly CS-1170, was found to have antimicrobial activity slightly superior to that of cefoxitin but a clinically usable antimicrobial spectrum that should be considered identical to...
Isenberg, H D, Tilton, R C, Barry, A L, Beskid, G, Cleeland, R, Fallat, V, ...
Methodology for the performance of synergistic antibiotic susceptibility studies has not been standardized. We addressed this problem collaboratively with combinations of amdinocillin and select...
Cross susceptibility and absence of cross resistance to cefotetan and cefoxitin.
Tests with 2,713 bacterial isolates (members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and gram-positive cocci) from 14 laboratories compared cefoxitin MICs with cefotetan MICs. Strains that were susceptible...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Packer, R R, Gregory, W W, Thornsberry, C
Broth microdilution tests and an antimicrobial interaction (synergy) studies using various combinations of cefoperazone and sulbactam were performed in an effort to determine the most appropriate in...
Preliminary interpretive zone criteria were calculated for cefetamet (Ro 15-8074) and cefteram (Ro 19-5247) by using 10- and 30-micrograms disks and three possible MIC susceptibility breakpoints....
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Gavan, T L, Thornsberry, C
For monitoring the performance of teicoplanin susceptibility tests, the following quality control limits are recommended: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, MIC of 0.12 to 0.5 micrograms/ml;...
In vitro susceptibility tests were performed with 271 isolates of Staphylococcus species (204 Staphylococcus aureus), including 110 strains resistant to the penicillinase-resistant penicillins. Disks...
The ampicillin-sulbactam combination was evaluated in vitro to determine the optimal susceptibility testing conditions among five combination ratios and four fixed concentrations of sulbactam. The...
The BMY-28100 30-micrograms-disk test was evaluated by using 615 clinical isolates. Regression analyses and error rates were determined, leading to the recommendation of greater than or equal to...
Carumonam 30-microgram disk diffusion tests with 342 gram-negative organisms suggested modifying earlier interpretive zone criteria, i.e., a susceptibility zone diameter of greater than or equal to...
In vitro studies were undertaken to evaluate susceptibility tests with 30-micrograms ceftibuten disks. The following interpretive criteria were proposed: less than or equal to 17 mm for resistance...
Interpretive criteria for disk diffusion susceptibility testing of mupirocin, a topical antibiotic.
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L
Five hundred gram-positive clinical bacterial isolates were tested for susceptibility to mupirocin by broth microdilution and disk diffusion methods (5- and 10-micrograms disks). All but 1 of 330...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Baker, C, Murray, P R, Washington, J A
Ciprofloxacin was subjected to a multilaboratory study designed to determine its in vitro susceptibility criteria for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and its quality control parameters for both agar dilution...
Barry, A L, Jorgensen, J H, Hardy, D J, Allen, S D, Baker, C N, Fuchs, P C, ...
Haemophilus influenzae isolates were uniformly susceptible to enoxacin, ofloxacin, and temafloxacin. Zone diameter and MIC interpretive criteria were proposed to define susceptible populations so...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
Ceftazidime is a wide-spectrum, beta-lactamase-stable cephalosporin with remarkable potency against Pseudomonas spp., Enterobacteriaceae, and some gram-positive species. The reevaluation of the...
Proposed zone standards for interpretation of fortimicin A disk diffusion tests.
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
Fortimicin A microdilution tests and disk diffusion tests (10-, 30-, and 50-micrograms disks) were performed with 454 selected bacterial strains. Tests with 30-micrograms disks were preferred, with...
Influence of inoculum growth phase on microdilution susceptibility tests.
Barry, A L, Badal, R E, Hawkinson, R W
Two types of commercially available microdilution trays were inoculated with log-phase cultures, stationary-phase cultures, and direct suspensions of 18- to 24-h colonies, with essentially comparable...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
In vitro studies were performed to evaluate susceptibility tests with disks containing 10 micrograms of ampicillin plus 10 micrograms of sulbactam. Interpretive zone standards of less than or equal...
Barry, A L, Miller, G H, Hare, R S, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
Regression analysis of data correlating 30-micrograms netilmicin disk zone diameters with microdilution MICs, obtained by testing close-interval dilution steps, was performed with 77 selected strains...
Disk diffusion susceptibility testing of ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid.
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
Disk diffusion susceptibility testing of ticarcillin plus the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid was performed on 489 clinical isolates, and the results were compared with reference broth...
Interpretive criteria and tentative quality control limits for apalcillin disk susceptibility tests.
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N, Gavan, T L
In vitro studies with 661 bacterial isolates were performed to establish interpretive criteria. In addition, a nine-laboratory study was performed to establish quality control limits for tests with...
Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L, Ayers, L, Brown, S, Daniel, J, ...
HR810 is a new, very broad-spectrum cephalosporin with significant activity against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonads, gram-positive cocci, and anaerobes that is generally...
Quality control of susceptibility tests with 5-micrograms trimethoprim disks.
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Gavan, T L
In 1981 and again in 1984, we performed multi-laboratory studies to develop quality control limits for susceptibility tests with 5-micrograms trimethoprim disks. Zone size limits of 21 to 28 mm are...
The in vitro activities of two cephamycins, cefotetan and cefoxitin, against 107 anaerobic bacteria were evaluated. The aerobically incubated thioglycolate disk elution technique of Kurzynski et al....
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Gavan, T L, Jones, R N
Tests with 10-micrograms imipenem disks accurately categorized 98.5% of 551 bacterial isolates when interpretive breakpoints of less than or equal to 13 mm for resistant and greater than or equal to...
Barry, A L, Creitz, L, Packer, R R
Feasibility studies were done to determine whether a new agar substitute, Gelrite gellan gum, could be used to prepare a solid Mueller-Hinton medium for disk diffusion susceptibility tests....
Ciprofloxacin disk susceptibility tests: interpretive zone size standards for 5-microgram disks.
Barry, A L, Fass, R J, Anhalt, J P, Neu, H C, Thornsberry, C, Tilton, R C, ...
Evaluations of 5-microgram ciprofloxacin disk diffusion susceptibility tests were performed independently by seven different investigators. The results of the separate tests were combined to increase...
Cefotiam susceptibility testing criteria.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
Interpretive zone size breakpoints for diffusion tests with 30-micrograms cefotiam disks are diameters of greater than or equal to 18 mm for susceptible and less than or equal to 14 mm for resistant...
Gavan, T L, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Gerlach, E H, Matsen, J M, ...
A multilaboratory in vitro study was carried out to determine disk diffusion susceptibility testing quality control limits for two new semisynthetic penicillins, mezlocillin and piperacillin....
Enterobacteriaceae Biochemical Cards (EBC) may be used in the AutoMicrobic system for identification of enteric bacilli. Recently, the card has been modified to permit identification of enteric and...
Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Badal, R E, Telenson, M J
Two independent laboratories tested 1,743 clinical isolates by using the Enterobacteriaceae-plus Biochemical Card in the AutoMicrobic system (AMS) and identical standard reference methods. Included...
Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Baker, C N, Badal, R E
Cefoperazone is a new cephalosporin with a very wide spectrum of activity, including activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It has less activity on enterococci and Acinetobacter. Of the 459...
Jones, R N, Gavan, T L, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Gibbs, D L
Cefoperazone disk diffusion test and minimum inhibitory concentration comparison studies were performed on 421 recent bacterial isolates, using 30- and 75-micrograms commercially prepared disks....
In vitro evaluation of CENTA, a new beta-lactamase-susceptible chromogenic cephalosporin reagent.
Jones, R N, Wilson, H W, Novick, W J, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
CENTA is a newly synthesized, beta-lactamase-labile, chromogenic cephalosporin reagent which changes color from light yellow (lambda maximum ca. 340 nm) to chrome yellow (lambda maximum ca. 405 nm)...
Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Smith, P B, Matsen, J M, Morello, J A, Sielaff, B H
Gram-negative bacilli were identified within 3 to 6 h by determining susceptibility to 18 different antibacterial agents in the Autobac I system and by applying a two-stage quadratic discriminant...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C, Gavan, T L
A nine-laboratory coordinated study was performed to establish tentative control limits for 75-mu g azlocillin disks tested against the standard control strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853)....
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Bigelow, J, Gavan, T L, Thornsberry, C
Four laboratories participated in a three-phase study to evaluate the MICUR antimicrobial broth microdilution system (Boehringer Mannheim Diagnostics, Inc., Houston, Tex.). The dried-antimicrobial...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Cotton, J L, Sutter, V L, Swenson, J M
The Micro-Media Systems (MMS) anaerobe susceptibility testing panel results from four laboratories were compared for interlaboratory and intralaboratory variations and for the results with the...
The AutoMicrobic system (AMS) is capable of identifying most Enterobacteriaceae within 8 h and many glucose-nonfermenting, gram-negative bacilli after 13 h of incubation. Early preliminary results...
Comparison of six different criteria for judging the acceptability of sputum specimens.
Wong, L K, Barry, A L, Horgan, S M
A series of 391 unselected expectorated sputum specimens was examined microscopically, and six different published criteria for judging the acceptability of the specimens were applied. Of the 391...
Evaluation of the cefonicid disk test criteria, including disk quality control guidelines.
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
Cefonicid (SKF 75073) is a second-generation cephalosporin which has a spectrum of antimicrobial activity similar to that of cefamandole, but cefoxitin (a cephamycin) and cephalothin have uniquely...
Gerlach, E H, Jones, R N, Barry, A L
This three-center collaborative study was conducted to evaluate samples of the Microbial Profile System (MPS) antimicrobial microdilution panels [previously produced by Minnesota Mining &...
Quality control of moxalactam susceptibility disks.
Barry, A L, Preston, D A, Jones, R N, Gavan, T L, Thornsberry, C
In vitro evaluation of two types of moxalactam disks revealed significant performance differences when Staphylococcus aureus was being tested. The differences were traced to the amount of...
Preston, D A, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
The validity of the class representative concept for in vitro susceptibility testing of older cephalosporins was reevaluated. Two oral cephalosporins, cephalexin and cefaclor, were compared with the...
Quality control parameters for susceptibility tests with 30-micrograms netilmicin disks.
Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Jones, R N
A nine-laboratory cooperative study was performed to evaluate quality control parameters for susceptibility tests with 30-micrograms netilmicin disks. The applicability of currently recommended...
The Micro-ID system for rapid (4 h) identification of Enterobacteriaceae was evaluated by testing 433 enteric bacilli and 9 other gram-negative bacilli. Each isolate was identified with conventional...
Identification of Enterobacteriaceae in frozen microdilution trays prepared by Micro-Media Systems.
Barry, A L, Badal, R E, Effinger, L J
Frozen microdilution trays, with 20 different biochemical test media for identification of Enterobactericeae, were evaluated. The test panels were those provided by Micro-Media Systems (MMS), who...
Methods of measuring zones of inhibition with the Bauer-Kirby disk susceptibility test.
Barry, A L, Coyle, M B, Thornsberry, C, Gerlach, E H, Hawkinson, R W
Standard Bauer-Kirby disk tests were performed with 85 selected isolates, each tested in triplicate by four different investigators. Each disk test was observed, and zone diameters were measured,...
Simple inoculum standardizing system for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests.
Barry, A L, Amsterdam, D, Coyle, M B, Gerlach, E H, Thornsberry, C, Hawkinson, R W
A collaborative study was undertaken to evaluate a simple, convenient device which expedites inoculum standardization for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests. The Inocupac system (Minnesota...
Jones, R N, Gavan, T L, Barry, A L
The Sensititre broth microdilution antibiotic susceptibility testing system was found to be comparable to a reference broth dilution method. Of 3,194 minimum inhibitory concentration data pairs,...
Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L, Gavan, T L
A multiwell, dried antimicrobial agent susceptibility test system, Sceptor (BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.), was tested. The system was compared directly with a reference microdilution...
Microdilution susceptibility test panels were independently read by two different technologists. One or more discrepancies between readers occurred with 5% of the 25,022 recorded minimal inhibitory...
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
With currently recommended disk susceptibility tests, minimal inhibitory concentration correlates for amikacin were greater than 16 micrograms/ml for resistance and less than or equal to 12...
Rapid identification of Bacteroides fragilis with bile and antibiotic disks.
A simple screening test is described for separating Bacteroides fragilis from other anaerobic gram-negative bacilli. The test utilizes filter paper disks impregnated with 25 mg of oxgall (Difco),...
Gavan, T L, Jones, R N, Barry, A L
This three-center collaborative study was conducted to evaluate samples of Sensititre antimicrobial microdilution panels (GIBCO/INVENEX). Sensititre minimum inhibitory concentrations of 27 bacterial...
Jones, R N, Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Sommers, H M, Gerlach, E H
The in vitro activity of cefoperazone (T-1551) against almost 9,000 recent clinical isolates at six institutions was tested and compared with that of cephalothin and gentamicin. The modal minimum...
Jones, R N, Fuchs, P C, Sommers, H M, Gavan, T L, Barry, A L, Gerlach, E H
Moxalactam (LY127935) exhibited greater in vitro activity than cefamandole and tobramycin against clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas maltophilia. The...
Cefotaxime: in vitro activity and tentative interpretive standards for disk susceptibility testing.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N, Gavan, T L, Gerlach, E H, ...
Tested against 9,412 recent clinical isolates, cefotaxime exhibited 8 to 64 times greater activity against the Enterobacteriaceae than did cephalothin and two to four times greater activity against...
Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Baker, C N, Badal, R E, Packer, R R
Sch 21420 is a new aminoglycoside synthesized from gentamicin B. Susceptibility tests with Sch 21420, amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, sisomicin, and tobramycin were performed on a variety of...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
The disk diffusion inhibitory zone diameters for 10-microgram and 30-microgram netilmicin disks were correlated with minimum inhibitory concentrations against 471 clinical strains tested in...
Interpretive standards for disk susceptibility tests with Sch 21420 and amikacin.
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N, Gerlach, E H
Disk susceptibility tests with two structurally related aminoglycosides (amikacin and Sch 21420) were evaluated. Tests with 10- and 30-micrograms amikacin disks confirmed previous recommendations for...
Tentative interpretive standards for disk susceptibility tests with moxalactam (LY127935).
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N, Gerlach, E H
Moxalactam (LY127935; 6059-S) is a new beta-lactam antibiotic. We propose tentative zone standards for agar diffusion susceptibility tests with 30-microgram disks. The final selection of minimal...
Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L, Packer, R R, Baker, C N, Badal, R E
O-Demethylfortimicin A (compound A49759) was tested against 445 bacteria, and the results were compared with those obtained with fortimicin A, amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, sisomicin, and...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
Ro 23-9424 is a novel ester-linked codrug of fleroxacin (Ro 23-6240; AM-833) and the cefotaxime metabolite desacetylcefotaxime. Its potency was determined against over 1,000 organisms and found to be...
In vitro susceptibility testing procedures for fosfomycin tromethamine.
Fosfomycin tromethamine (previously fosfomycin trometamol) is an orally administered fosfomycin which may be used for single-dose therapy of uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Fosfomycin...
Barry, A L, Pfaller, M A, Fuchs, P C, Packer, R R
Clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Moraxella catarrhalis were gathered from 19 different clinical laboratories throughout the...
Jones, Ronald N., Fuchs, Peter C., Gavan, Thomas L., Gerlach, E. Hugh, Barry, A. L., Thornsberry, Clyde
Cefuroxime, a new parenteral cephalosporin was compared with cephalothin by broth microdilution susceptibility testing against 5,887 routine clinical bacterial isolates in four large clinical...
Barry, A. L., Jones, R. N., Gavan, T. L.
Micro-Media Systems (MMS) has developed a procedure by which microdilution trays can be filled with dilutions of antimicrobial agents, frozen, and distributed to clinical laboratories. The trays are...
Interpretive Criteria for Cefamandole and Cephalothin Disk Diffusion Susceptibility Tests
Barry, A. L., Schoenknecht, F. D., Shadomy, S., Sherris, J. C., Thornsberry, C., Washington, J. A., ...
A multi-center study of 1,838 clinical isolates established the accuracy of diffusion susceptibility tests with 30-μg cephalothin disks and 30-μg cefamandole disks. The same interpretive zone...
Piperacillin susceptibility tests by the single-disk agar diffusion technique.
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Badal, R E, Baker, C N, Jones, R N, Gerlach, E H
Piperacillin is a new semisynthetic penicillin with a spectrum of activity broader than that of carbenicillin or ticarcillin. Studies were performed to establish standards for agar diffusion...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Gavan, T L, Sommers, H M, Gerlach, E H
The susceptibility of 11,840 clinical bacterial isolates to fortimicin A was determined by agar dilution or broth microdilution methods and compared with their susceptibility to amikacin and...
Improved 18-Hour Methyl Red Test
Barry, A. L., Bernsohn, K. L., Adams, A. P., Thrupp, L. D.
Standard methods for the methyl red (MR) test are not practical for routine use in clinical laboratories because of the necessarily prolonged incubation period. When read after overnight incubation,...
Methods for Storing Oxidase Test Reagents
Oxidase test reagents are notoriously unstable, but they can be held ready for use if frozen or if reagent-impregnated filter paper is kept dry.
Four-Hour Urease Test for Distinguishing Between Klebsiella and Enterobacter
Barry, A. L., Bernsohn, K. L., Thrupp, L. D.
Infections with Klebsiella and Enterobacter have increased among hospitalized patients. To study such infections, relatively simple but precise methods are needed for clinical laboratories to...
Barry, A. L., Fay, G. D., Sauer, R. L.
The survival of four aerobic and four anaerobic pathogens was evaluated quantitatively on cotton swabs and calcium alginate swabs stored in dry tubes as compared with swabs stored in Amies Transport...
Drew, W. Lawrence, Barry, A. L., O'Toole, Richard, Sherris, John C.
The resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to methicillin and related drugs can be reliably determined by using the Kirby-Bauer method of susceptibility testing if the incubation temperature is 35 C or...
Barry, A. L., Lachica, R. V. F., Atchison, F. W.
A simple system is described for efficiently detecting both thermonuclease (heat-stable nuclease) and free coagulase for the routine identification of Staphylococcus aureus in the clinical...
Inhibition of Bacterial Growth by the Nitrofurantoin Solvent Dimethylformamide
For quantitative susceptibility tests, stock solutions of nitrofurantoin are often prepared in dimethylformamide. Since 1.0 or 2.0 ml of the solvent will inhibit microbial growth, currently...
Barry, A. L., Effinger, L. J., Badal, R. E.
To perform microdilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests efficiently, broth dilutions of the antimicrobial drugs should be prepared in large batches and stored frozen until needed. Studies were...
Barry, A. L., Fay, G. D., Atchison, F. W.
A rapid method for assay of antimicrobial agents in human serum was modified to provide a method for rapidly assessing the activity of antimicrobial discs being used for susceptibility testing. Each...
Two Quick Methods for Voges-Proskauer Test
Two previously described methods for rapidly performing a Voges-Proskauer (VP) test were modified so that results could be obtained even more quickly. On MacConkey agar, colonies of...
Cefuroxime, an in vitro Comparison with Six Other Cephalosporins
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N, Fuchs, P C, Gavan, T L, Gerlach, E H
Quality Control Limits for Broth Microdilution Susceptibility Tests of Ten Antifungal Agents
Barry, A. L., Pfaller, M. A., Brown, S. D., Espinel-Ingroff, A., Ghannoum, M. A., Knapp, C., ...
Broth microdilution susceptibility tests of Candida species have now been standardized by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). An eight-laboratory collaborative study was...
McDermott, P. F., Barry, A. L., Jones, R. N., Stein, G. E., Thornsberry, C., Wu, C. C., ...
Quality control (QC) standards for the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of two fastidious veterinary pathogens, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Haemophilus somnus, were developed in...
Barry, A. L., Fuchs, P. C., Brown, S. D.
Four different compounds belonging to the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSb) class of antimicrobial agents were tested against 611 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains. The ketolide (HMR 3647,...
Barry, A. L., Pfaller, M. A., Rennie, R. P., Fuchs, P. C., Brown, S. D.
Interpretive agreements among the results of fluconazole broth microdilution tests, Etests, and disk diffusion tests were documented by evaluating 495 Candida spp. Microdilution reference test...
Rex, J H, Pfaller, M A, Barry, A L, Nelson, P W, Webb, C D
The antifungal susceptibilities of 232 pathogenic blood stream Candida isolates collected during a recently completed trial comparing fluconazole (400 mg/day) with amphotericin B (0.5 mg/kg of body...
Broth microdilution tests were carried out with 2,671 respiratory tract isolates from 19 medical centers throughout the continental United States. The tests compared a streptogramin (RP59500) to...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Sewell, D L
The in vitro antimicrobial activity of an oral penem, WY-49605, was compared with those of six other oral antimicrobial agents against 598 bacterial isolates representing 51 different species....
Barry, A L, Brown, S D, Novick, W J
The in vitro activities of four extended-spectrum cephalosporins and benzyl penicillin were evaluated against 698 clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, including 130 (19%)...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Brown, S D
More than 3,000 consecutive clinical bacterial isolates from 10 U.S. medical centers were subjected to standard broth microdilution and disk diffusion tests to determine their susceptibilities to...
A new triazole derivative (voriconazole or UK-109,496) and fluconazole were tested against 249 isolates of Candida spp. representing six species. Voriconazole was 10 to 100 times more potent than...
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Brown, S D
Ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, PD 131628, sparfloxacin, and trovafloxacin were tested against 236 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, most of which were resistant to other agents. Resistance to...
In vitro evaluation of WIN 57273, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
WIN 57273 is a new fluoroquinolone that has an expanded spectrum of activity against Staphylococcus spp. (MIC for 90% of isolates [MIC90], 0.008 microgram/ml), Enterococcus faecalis (MIC90, 0.06...
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L
E1040 is a new parenteral cephalosporin which was tested against 690 clinical isolates and compared with cefpirome and ceftazidime. E1040 had the best activity of the three drugs against Pseudomonas...
Ampicillin-sulbactam and cefoperazone-sulbactam were tested against staphylococci that were collected from 40 different medical centers throughout the United States. Oxacillin-resistant strains were...
In vitro evaluation of DuP 105 and DuP 721, two new oxazolidinone antimicrobial agents.
DuP 105 and DuP 721 are two members of the oxazolidinones, a new class of synthetic antimicrobial agents with activity against gram-positive bacteria. In vitro tests compared the two new drugs with...
In vitro antimicrobial activity of tigemonam, a new orally administered monobactam.
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L
At five geographically separate medical centers, over 6,000 clinical bacterial isolates were tested for their susceptibility to tigemonam by the broth microdilution method. The antimicrobial spectrum...
Compound U-76,253A (R-3746), the active metabolite sodium salt of the prodrug ester U-76,252 (CS-807), was demonstrated to be active against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae with 82 and 85%...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
The in vitro activity of azithromycin (CP 62,993 or XZ-450) against Haemophilus influenzae was greater than that of three other macrolides. However, azithromycin was four- to eightfold less active...
Multicenter in vitro evaluation of SM-7338, a new carbapenem.
Jones, R N, Aldridge, K E, Allen, S D, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Gerlach, E H, ...
A new carbapenem, SM-7338, was compared with imipenem, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime at five medical centers. Nearly 6,000 strains were tested by reference methods of the National Committee for...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
The in vitro activities of trospectomycin sulfate were compared with those spectinomycin against 632 aerobic microorganisms, including 66 Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates. Against species other than...
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
A new macrolide (A-56268) was found to be approximately twice as active as erythromycin and four to eight times more active than roxithromycin. All three macrolides were similar in their potency...
LY146032, a new lipopeptide, was found to have a spectrum of gram-positive antimicrobial activity that includes activity against staphylococci (methicillin susceptible and resistant), beta-hemolytic...
Eighty-seven organisms were tested against ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, desacetylcefotaxime, and the combination of cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime (1:1 ratio) in broth containing 0, 25, or 50% human...
Barry, A L, Miller, G H, Thornsberry, C, Hare, R S, Jones, R N, Lorber, R R, ...
In vitro studies were performed with 74 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates which were collected during a multicenter trial. The isolates were obtained from 70 patients who had been treated with...
The antimicrobial activity and spectrum of ceftibuten (7432-S; SCH 39720) was determined on a wide variety of bacterial species selected for resistance to oral and parenteral beta-lactam...
Evaluation of the in vitro activity of BMY-28142, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin.
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
The in vitro activity of BMY-28142, a new cephalosporin, was tested by a broth microdilution system and compared with those of cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone, moxalactam, and HR 810 against...
In vitro evaluation of A-56619 and A-56620, two new quinolones.
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
The in vitro activities of two new aryl-fluoroquinolones (A-56619 and A-56620) were compared with those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, enoxacin, and norfloxacin. All six quinolones had broad spectra of...
Antistaphylococcal activity of ceforanide and cefonicid in the presence of human serum.
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Packer, R R
Tests with 52 strains of Staphylococcus aureus compared ceforanide and cefonicid. Addition of 50% human serum to the test system reduced the bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of cefonicid,...
Jones, R N, Baker, C, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C
A new oral cephalosporin, LY164846 (Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind.), was found to have a unique antimicrobial spectrum confined to methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus spp., streptococci...
Jones, R N, Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Ayers, L W, Gerlach, E H, Gavan, T L
Susceptibility testing of 7,775 recent clinical isolates from four medical centers showed Ro 15-8074 to be 2-to greater than 8-fold more active than either cefaclor or cefuroxime against the...
Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Baker, C N, Badal, R E, Packer, R R
Fortimicin A, a pseudodisaccharide aminoglycoside, was found to have broad-spectrum activity against most clinically important aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria, except Pseudomonas...
Mezlocillin: tentative interpretive standards for disk diffusion susceptibility testing.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N, Gerlack, E H
The susceptibility of 447 clinical bacterial isolates to mezlocillin and carbenicillin was tested by standardized agar disk diffusion and reference broth micro-dilution methods. Tentative...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
Cefsulodin (SCE-129) is a cephalosporin with a spectrum of antibacterial activity largely limited to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Cefsulodin was compared with carbenicillin,...
In vitro antimicrobial activity evaluation of cefodizime (HR221), a new semisynthetic cephalosporin.
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Wilson, H W
Cefodizime (HR221) is a new alpha-methoxyimino cephalosporin developed by Hoechst-Roussel with a reported serum half-life of over 2 h. In vitro susceptibility studies showed that the cefodizime...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Gavan, T L, Jones, R N
Augmentin (Beecham Laboratories, Bristol, Tenn.), a combination drug consisting of two parts amoxicillin to one part clavulanic acid and a potent beta-lactamase inhibitor, was evaluated in vitro in...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
Three new macrolide drugs (RU28965, RU29065, and RU29702) were compared in vitro with erythromycin and five other orally administered antimicrobial agents by using 733 recent clinical isolates. All...
Cefoperazone A, the principal metabolite of cefoperazone, was found to have an antimicrobial activity ranging from slightly below to 16-fold less than that of the parent drug. Like cefoperazone, the...
In vitro activity of ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid against 632 clinical isolates.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
A total of 632 clinical bacterial isolates were tested for susceptibility to twofold dilutions of ticarcillin alone and in combination with 1, 2, and 4 micrograms of clavulanic acid (CA) (Timentin)...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C, Ayers, L W, Gerlach, E H, Sommers, H M
In vitro studies were performed comparing ciprofloxacin (Bay o 9867) and norfloxacin with three related organic acids. Ciprofloxacin was two to eight times more active than norfloxacin against 658...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Ayers, L W, Gavan, T L, Gerlach, E H, Sommers, H M
Quantitative susceptibility tests were performed in four separate medical centers, in which apalcillin was compared with piperacillin and carbenicillin. Data from tests of 6,797 isolates confirmed...
In vitro evaluation of HR810, a new wide-spectrum aminothiazolyl alpha-methoxyimino cephalosporin.
Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L
HR810 (Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals Inc., Somerville, N.J.) is a new, cyclical-pyridinium cephalosporin that appeared superior to numerous comparison drugs against 658 strains of aerobic and...
Six different gram-negative bacilli were serially transferred through subinhibitory concentrations of seven quinolone derivatives or related organic acids. A gradual, stepwise decrease in...
Ayers, L W, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Fuchs, P C, Gavan, T L, ...
Cefotetan is a new, potent, 7 alpha-methoxy cephalosporin (cephamycin). The in vitro activity of cefotetan tested in a multiphasic, collaborative study against 12,260 consecutive clinical isolates...
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Pfaller, M A
In in vitro studies we evaluated the susceptibilities of beta-lactamase-producing and -nonproducing, ampicillin-resistant strains of Haemophilus influenzae and compared them with those of...
Pfaller, M A, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C
Ro 40-6890, the active metabolite of Ro 41-3399, was tested against 391 gram-negative and gram-positive clinical isolates. Ro 40-6890 was active against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae,...
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Gerlach, E H, Hardy, D J, McLaughlin, J C, Pfaller, M A
A five-laboratory coordinated study was undertaken to determine whether ticarcillin and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid disk susceptibility tests could accurately detect resistance among enteric bacilli....
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Allen, S D, Tenover, F C, Jorgensen, J H, Reller, L B
For testing bacterial susceptibility to PD131628, a 5-micrograms disk and the following tentative interpretive criteria may be used: > or = 19 mm for susceptible (MIC, < or = 1.0 micrograms/ml), 16...
Methods for predicting susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae to cefixime.
Among 698 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, 475 were penicillin susceptible and > 99% of those were susceptible to 0.5 microgram of cefixime per ml; other pneumococci were tentatively assumed to be...
Fluconazole disk diffusion procedure for determining susceptibility of Candida species.
A simple disk diffusion test was defined for quick determination of the susceptibility of Candida species to fluconazole. The standard macrotube dilution reference method, the fluconazole E test, and...
Cefotaxime- and ceftriaxone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae is now appearing in some medical centers, but 30-micrograms cefotaxime or 30-micrograms ceftriaxone disks are not reliable for detecting...
Sanders, C C, Barry, A L, Washington, J A, Shubert, C, Moland, E S, Traczewski, M M, ...
A three-phase analysis of the Vitek ESBL test and a double-disk (2 disk) test was performed to assess their ability to detect extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in members of the family...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Brown, S D
Two hundred twenty-eight strains of Haemophilus influenzae and 234 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae were tested by broth microdilution and disk diffusion methods for susceptibility to trimethoprim...
Fuchs, P C, Stickel, S, Anderson, P H, Barry, A L, Shilling, S
At clinically achievable levels (e.g., 25 micrograms/ml), sulbactam exerted no effect on aminoglycoside concentrations when incubated together in pooled serum at 37 degrees C for up to 24 h....
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Pfaller, M A, Allen, S D, Gerlach, E H
The in vitro activities of three new quinolones (sparfloxacin, CI-960, and PD 131,628) were compared with that of ciprofloxacin against 5,252 routine clinical aerobic and facultatively anaerobic...
In vitro activities of sparfloxacin, tosufloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and fleroxacin.
The in vitro activity of sparfloxacin was compared with those of tosufloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and fleroxacin against 730 bacterial isolates representing 49 different species. Sparfloxacin and...
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Jorgensen, J H, Tenover, F C, Allen, S D, Hardy, D J, ...
In vitro studies evaluated methods for testing the susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae to piperacillin-tazobactam combinations. Ampicillin-resistant beta-lactamase-nonproducing strains of H....
A comparative evaluation of two broth microdilution methods for antifungal susceptibility testing of 600 clinical yeast isolates (Candida spp., Torulopsis glabrata, and Cryptococcus neoformans)...
Sewell, D L, Pfaller, M A, Barry, A L
A comparison of the E test, the broth microdilution test, and the reference broth macrodilution susceptibility test of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards for fluconazole...
One hundred fifty isolates of Haemophilus influenzae (including 30 beta-lactamase-positive strains and 23 beta-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-resistant strains) were tested for susceptibilities to...
Barry, A L, Reller, L B, Miller, G H, Washington, J A, Schoenknect, F D, Peterson, L R, ...
A multilaboratory study was undertaken to reassess the amount of calcium and magnesium that should be added to Mueller-Hinton broth when testing Pseudomonas aeruginosa against amikacin, gentamicin,...
Barry, A L, Cohen, M A, Sesnie, J C, Fuchs, P C, Washington, J A, Murray, P R, ...
For testing the susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to enoxacin, a proposed susceptibility category includes strains for which MICs are less than or equal to 0.5 micrograms/ml and zones of...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Baker, C, Murray, P R, Washington, J A
A multilaboratory study designed to determine the in vitro susceptibility criteria and quality control parameters for ofloxacin against Neisseria gonorrhoeae was conducted according to the guidelines...
Haemophilus Test Media (HTM) were prepared from 12 different lots of Mueller-Hinton agar. When tested with Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247, most lots were initially rejected because of small zones...
Jorgensen, J H, Barry, A L, Doern, G V, Ferraro, M J, Murray, P R
Inconsistent quality control results in disk diffusion testing of cefaclor, cefamandole, cefonicid, and cefuroxime with Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247 and Haemophilus test medium (HTM) prompted a...
Barry, A L, Jorgensen, J H, Hardy, D J, Allen, S D, Baker, C N
A beta-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-resistant strain of Haemophilus influenzae is currently used for quality control of broth microdilution tests performed with Haemophilus test medium (HTM)....
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Baker, C N, Murray, P R, Washington, J A
To support future clinical studies, in vitro susceptibility tests were examined to determine whether Neisseria gonorrhoeae could be tested reliably against two beta-lactam-clavulanate combinations....
Levofloxacin disk potency and tentative interpretive criteria for susceptibility tests.
Pfaller, M A, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C
Levofloxacin disk susceptibility test criteria were evaluated by testing 350 bacterial isolates. Either 5- or 10-micrograms disks could be used satisfactorily. A 5-micrograms levofloxacin disk with...
Ramoplanin susceptibility testing criteria.
Barry, A L, Pfaller, M A, Fuchs, P C
Ramoplanin and mupirocin are two antimicrobial agents that may be applied topically. They had similar potencies against susceptible gram-positive cocci, but they differed in their spectra of...
Tentative interpretive criteria for disk diffusion susceptibility testing of sparfloxacin.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Pfaller, M A
Susceptibility to sparfloxacin was tested simultaneously by the agar dilution and disk diffusion methods. For tests with 5-micrograms sparfloxacin disks, we propose that the breakpoints for the...
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Allen, S D, Jorgensen, J H, Tenover, F C, Murray, P R, ...
Sparfloxacin and levofloxacin were evaluated against 150 Haemophilus influenzae isolates and 149 Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in order to define susceptibility testing parameters....
Quality control limits for microdilution susceptibility tests with norfloxacin.
Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Ayers, L W, Fuchs, P C, Gerlach, E H, Thornsberry, C
A multilaboratory study was designed to define quality control limits for microdilution susceptibility tests with norfloxacin. The following limits were proposed: for Escherichia coli ATCC 25922,...
For in vitro susceptibility tests with cefoperazone and sulbactam (a beta-lactamase inhibitor), 75/30-micrograms disks may be used with the interpretive zone size breakpoints that are currently used...
The accuracy of disk susceptibility tests with ampicillin and ampicillin-sulbactam was not improved when the amount of ampicillin was increased from 10 to 20 or 30 micrograms per disk. For testing...
LY163892, a new orally administered 1-carbacephem, was found to have a spectrum of antimicrobial activity very similar to that of cefaclor. Diffusion tests with 30-micrograms LY163892 disks produced...
Tests with 100 anaerobic bacterial isolates demonstrated comparability between ceftriaxone MICs obtained with the reference agar dilution procedure and those obtained with a broth microdilution...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N
A total of 97 anaerobic bacteria were tested for susceptibility to ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid by broth microdilution and disk elution methods, the results of...
Barry, A L, Fernandes, P B, Jorgensen, J H, Thornsberry, C, Hardy, D J, Jones, R N
Four separate laboratories performed antimicrobial susceptibility tests with 40 Haemophilus influenzae isolates, each tested in triplicate. Erythromycin and a new macrolide, clarithromycin (A-56268;...
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L
There are at least four different existing or proposed interpretive criteria for the disk diffusion susceptibility testing of ticarcillin and ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid (T/C). To assess these...
Temafloxacin disk potency and tentative interpretive criteria for susceptibility tests.
Temafloxacin disk susceptibility test criteria were evaluated by testing 697 bacterial isolates. Either 5- or 10-micrograms disks could be used satisfactorily. A 5-micrograms temafloxacin disk with...
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Gavan, T L
The susceptibilities of 221 clinical isolates to ofloxacin were tested simultaneously by broth microdilution and disk diffusion methods with commercially prepared 5-micrograms ofloxacin disks. The...
Zabransky, R J, Bobey, D G, Barry, A L, Allen, S D, Fuchs, P C, Gerlach, E H, ...
Reference values for quality control of in vitro susceptibility tests with cefotetan against anaerobic bacteria were determined in two independent multilaboratory studies with the approved National...
Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Allen, S D, Thornsberry, C, Gerlach, E H, Jones, R N
Multilaboratory studies were performed to develop MIC quality control limits for the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards reference agar dilution method for anaerobic susceptibility...
Comparison of cefadroxil and cephalothin disk susceptibility test results.
Diffusion susceptibility tests with 30-micrograms cefadroxil disks and 30-micrograms cephalothin disks were evaluated. For both agents, the same zone size interpretive criteria were recommended (less...
A strain of Eubacterium lentum (ATCC 43055) was selected for quality control of anaerobic susceptibility tests. Multilaboratory collaborative studies with 13 different antimicrobial agents were...
Proposed disk diffusion susceptibility criteria for ofloxacin.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
Disk diffusion zone diameter breakpoint criteria for ofloxacin were tentatively established by correlating MICs with 1-, 3-, and 5-micrograms disk inhibitory zone diameters for 638 bacterial isolates...
Interpretive standards and quality control guidelines for cefpiramide disk susceptibility tests.
Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
Disk susceptibility tests with 30- and 75-micrograms cefpiramide disks were evaluated with 614 bacterial isolates. Quality control parameters were also evaluated, and control limits for disk tests...
Barry, A L, Packer, R R, Jones, R N
Tests were performed with 104 anaerobic microorganisms to evaluate the thioglycolate disk elution technique for the detection of resistance to cefoperazone and cefoperazone-sulbactam. An unacceptably...
Evaluation of teicoplanin and vancomycin disk susceptibility tests.
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
Disk tests with two glycopeptide antibiotics, teicoplanin and vancomycin, were evaluated, and MICs were compared with those of fusidic acid and coumermycin. For tests with 30-micrograms vancomycin...
Tentative disk diffusion susceptibility interpretive criteria for BMY-28142, a new cephalosporin.
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
A total of 750 bacterial isolates, including 37 different species, were tested for susceptibility to BMY-28142 by standardized broth microdilution and disk diffusion tests. The zone diameter...
Critical evaluation of amdinocillin disk susceptibility tests correlated with agar dilution tests.
Tests with 10-micrograms amdinocillin disks were performed in parallel with agar dilution tests and three different ranges of inoculum density. A resistance breakpoint of less than or equal to 13 mm...
Selection of a reference lot of Mueller-Hinton agar.
Pollock, H M, Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Fuchs, P C, Hansen, S, Thornsberry, C L, ...
A collaborative study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of currently marketed Mueller-Hinton agars from seven manufacturers by replicate disk diffusion tests with standard quality control...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Thornsberry, C
The 15-micrograms erythromycin disk was twice evaluated for interpretive accuracy against 417 and then 266 strains of gram-positive cocci, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae by using...
Tentative disk diffusion susceptibility interpretive criteria for pefloxacin.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
Standardized broth microdilution and disk diffusion susceptibility tests for pefloxacin were performed on 585 clinical isolates. The 5-micrograms pefloxacin disk is recommended, and the following...
Cefixime disk susceptibility test criteria.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N
A total of 583 bacterial isolates was tested for susceptibility to cefixime by broth microdilution and by disk agar diffusion with 5-, 10-, and 30-microgram disks. At MIC breakpoints of less than or...
Barry, A L, Cotton, J L, Jones, R N, Packer, R R
For microdilution susceptibility tests with nutritionally fastidious microorganisms, a new clear broth medium developed at Micro-Media Systems, Inc., Potomac, Md., was evaluated in a three-laboratory...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Thornsberry, C
Cefmetazole, formerly CS-1170, was found to have antimicrobial activity slightly superior to that of cefoxitin but a clinically usable antimicrobial spectrum that should be considered identical to...
Isenberg, H D, Tilton, R C, Barry, A L, Beskid, G, Cleeland, R, Fallat, V, ...
Methodology for the performance of synergistic antibiotic susceptibility studies has not been standardized. We addressed this problem collaboratively with combinations of amdinocillin and select...
Cross susceptibility and absence of cross resistance to cefotetan and cefoxitin.
Tests with 2,713 bacterial isolates (members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and gram-positive cocci) from 14 laboratories compared cefoxitin MICs with cefotetan MICs. Strains that were susceptible...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Packer, R R, Gregory, W W, Thornsberry, C
Broth microdilution tests and an antimicrobial interaction (synergy) studies using various combinations of cefoperazone and sulbactam were performed in an effort to determine the most appropriate in...
Preliminary interpretive zone criteria were calculated for cefetamet (Ro 15-8074) and cefteram (Ro 19-5247) by using 10- and 30-micrograms disks and three possible MIC susceptibility breakpoints....
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Gavan, T L, Thornsberry, C
For monitoring the performance of teicoplanin susceptibility tests, the following quality control limits are recommended: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, MIC of 0.12 to 0.5 micrograms/ml;...
In vitro susceptibility tests were performed with 271 isolates of Staphylococcus species (204 Staphylococcus aureus), including 110 strains resistant to the penicillinase-resistant penicillins. Disks...
The ampicillin-sulbactam combination was evaluated in vitro to determine the optimal susceptibility testing conditions among five combination ratios and four fixed concentrations of sulbactam. The...
The BMY-28100 30-micrograms-disk test was evaluated by using 615 clinical isolates. Regression analyses and error rates were determined, leading to the recommendation of greater than or equal to...
Carumonam 30-microgram disk diffusion tests with 342 gram-negative organisms suggested modifying earlier interpretive zone criteria, i.e., a susceptibility zone diameter of greater than or equal to...
In vitro studies were undertaken to evaluate susceptibility tests with 30-micrograms ceftibuten disks. The following interpretive criteria were proposed: less than or equal to 17 mm for resistance...
Interpretive criteria for disk diffusion susceptibility testing of mupirocin, a topical antibiotic.
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L
Five hundred gram-positive clinical bacterial isolates were tested for susceptibility to mupirocin by broth microdilution and disk diffusion methods (5- and 10-micrograms disks). All but 1 of 330...
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Baker, C, Murray, P R, Washington, J A
Ciprofloxacin was subjected to a multilaboratory study designed to determine its in vitro susceptibility criteria for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and its quality control parameters for both agar dilution...
Barry, A L, Jorgensen, J H, Hardy, D J, Allen, S D, Baker, C N, Fuchs, P C, ...
Haemophilus influenzae isolates were uniformly susceptible to enoxacin, ofloxacin, and temafloxacin. Zone diameter and MIC interpretive criteria were proposed to define susceptible populations so...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
Ceftazidime is a wide-spectrum, beta-lactamase-stable cephalosporin with remarkable potency against Pseudomonas spp., Enterobacteriaceae, and some gram-positive species. The reevaluation of the...
Proposed zone standards for interpretation of fortimicin A disk diffusion tests.
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
Fortimicin A microdilution tests and disk diffusion tests (10-, 30-, and 50-micrograms disks) were performed with 454 selected bacterial strains. Tests with 30-micrograms disks were preferred, with...
Influence of inoculum growth phase on microdilution susceptibility tests.
Barry, A L, Badal, R E, Hawkinson, R W
Two types of commercially available microdilution trays were inoculated with log-phase cultures, stationary-phase cultures, and direct suspensions of 18- to 24-h colonies, with essentially comparable...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
In vitro studies were performed to evaluate susceptibility tests with disks containing 10 micrograms of ampicillin plus 10 micrograms of sulbactam. Interpretive zone standards of less than or equal...
Barry, A L, Miller, G H, Hare, R S, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
Regression analysis of data correlating 30-micrograms netilmicin disk zone diameters with microdilution MICs, obtained by testing close-interval dilution steps, was performed with 77 selected strains...
Disk diffusion susceptibility testing of ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid.
Fuchs, P C, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
Disk diffusion susceptibility testing of ticarcillin plus the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid was performed on 489 clinical isolates, and the results were compared with reference broth...
Interpretive criteria and tentative quality control limits for apalcillin disk susceptibility tests.
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N, Gavan, T L
In vitro studies with 661 bacterial isolates were performed to establish interpretive criteria. In addition, a nine-laboratory study was performed to establish quality control limits for tests with...
Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L, Ayers, L, Brown, S, Daniel, J, ...
HR810 is a new, very broad-spectrum cephalosporin with significant activity against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonads, gram-positive cocci, and anaerobes that is generally...
Quality control of susceptibility tests with 5-micrograms trimethoprim disks.
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Gavan, T L
In 1981 and again in 1984, we performed multi-laboratory studies to develop quality control limits for susceptibility tests with 5-micrograms trimethoprim disks. Zone size limits of 21 to 28 mm are...
The in vitro activities of two cephamycins, cefotetan and cefoxitin, against 107 anaerobic bacteria were evaluated. The aerobically incubated thioglycolate disk elution technique of Kurzynski et al....
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Gavan, T L, Jones, R N
Tests with 10-micrograms imipenem disks accurately categorized 98.5% of 551 bacterial isolates when interpretive breakpoints of less than or equal to 13 mm for resistant and greater than or equal to...
Barry, A L, Creitz, L, Packer, R R
Feasibility studies were done to determine whether a new agar substitute, Gelrite gellan gum, could be used to prepare a solid Mueller-Hinton medium for disk diffusion susceptibility tests....
Ciprofloxacin disk susceptibility tests: interpretive zone size standards for 5-microgram disks.
Barry, A L, Fass, R J, Anhalt, J P, Neu, H C, Thornsberry, C, Tilton, R C, ...
Evaluations of 5-microgram ciprofloxacin disk diffusion susceptibility tests were performed independently by seven different investigators. The results of the separate tests were combined to increase...
Cefotiam susceptibility testing criteria.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
Interpretive zone size breakpoints for diffusion tests with 30-micrograms cefotiam disks are diameters of greater than or equal to 18 mm for susceptible and less than or equal to 14 mm for resistant...
Gavan, T L, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Gerlach, E H, Matsen, J M, ...
A multilaboratory in vitro study was carried out to determine disk diffusion susceptibility testing quality control limits for two new semisynthetic penicillins, mezlocillin and piperacillin....
Enterobacteriaceae Biochemical Cards (EBC) may be used in the AutoMicrobic system for identification of enteric bacilli. Recently, the card has been modified to permit identification of enteric and...
Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Badal, R E, Telenson, M J
Two independent laboratories tested 1,743 clinical isolates by using the Enterobacteriaceae-plus Biochemical Card in the AutoMicrobic system (AMS) and identical standard reference methods. Included...
Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Baker, C N, Badal, R E
Cefoperazone is a new cephalosporin with a very wide spectrum of activity, including activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It has less activity on enterococci and Acinetobacter. Of the 459...
Jones, R N, Gavan, T L, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Gibbs, D L
Cefoperazone disk diffusion test and minimum inhibitory concentration comparison studies were performed on 421 recent bacterial isolates, using 30- and 75-micrograms commercially prepared disks....
In vitro evaluation of CENTA, a new beta-lactamase-susceptible chromogenic cephalosporin reagent.
Jones, R N, Wilson, H W, Novick, W J, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
CENTA is a newly synthesized, beta-lactamase-labile, chromogenic cephalosporin reagent which changes color from light yellow (lambda maximum ca. 340 nm) to chrome yellow (lambda maximum ca. 405 nm)...
Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Smith, P B, Matsen, J M, Morello, J A, Sielaff, B H
Gram-negative bacilli were identified within 3 to 6 h by determining susceptibility to 18 different antibacterial agents in the Autobac I system and by applying a two-stage quadratic discriminant...
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C, Gavan, T L
A nine-laboratory coordinated study was performed to establish tentative control limits for 75-mu g azlocillin disks tested against the standard control strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853)....
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Bigelow, J, Gavan, T L, Thornsberry, C
Four laboratories participated in a three-phase study to evaluate the MICUR antimicrobial broth microdilution system (Boehringer Mannheim Diagnostics, Inc., Houston, Tex.). The dried-antimicrobial...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Cotton, J L, Sutter, V L, Swenson, J M
The Micro-Media Systems (MMS) anaerobe susceptibility testing panel results from four laboratories were compared for interlaboratory and intralaboratory variations and for the results with the...
The AutoMicrobic system (AMS) is capable of identifying most Enterobacteriaceae within 8 h and many glucose-nonfermenting, gram-negative bacilli after 13 h of incubation. Early preliminary results...
Comparison of six different criteria for judging the acceptability of sputum specimens.
Wong, L K, Barry, A L, Horgan, S M
A series of 391 unselected expectorated sputum specimens was examined microscopically, and six different published criteria for judging the acceptability of the specimens were applied. Of the 391...
Evaluation of the cefonicid disk test criteria, including disk quality control guidelines.
Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C
Cefonicid (SKF 75073) is a second-generation cephalosporin which has a spectrum of antimicrobial activity similar to that of cefamandole, but cefoxitin (a cephamycin) and cephalothin have uniquely...
Gerlach, E H, Jones, R N, Barry, A L
This three-center collaborative study was conducted to evaluate samples of the Microbial Profile System (MPS) antimicrobial microdilution panels [previously produced by Minnesota Mining &...
Quality control of moxalactam susceptibility disks.
Barry, A L, Preston, D A, Jones, R N, Gavan, T L, Thornsberry, C
In vitro evaluation of two types of moxalactam disks revealed significant performance differences when Staphylococcus aureus was being tested. The differences were traced to the amount of...
Preston, D A, Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
The validity of the class representative concept for in vitro susceptibility testing of older cephalosporins was reevaluated. Two oral cephalosporins, cephalexin and cefaclor, were compared with the...
Quality control parameters for susceptibility tests with 30-micrograms netilmicin disks.
Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Jones, R N
A nine-laboratory cooperative study was performed to evaluate quality control parameters for susceptibility tests with 30-micrograms netilmicin disks. The applicability of currently recommended...
The Micro-ID system for rapid (4 h) identification of Enterobacteriaceae was evaluated by testing 433 enteric bacilli and 9 other gram-negative bacilli. Each isolate was identified with conventional...
Identification of Enterobacteriaceae in frozen microdilution trays prepared by Micro-Media Systems.
Barry, A L, Badal, R E, Effinger, L J
Frozen microdilution trays, with 20 different biochemical test media for identification of Enterobactericeae, were evaluated. The test panels were those provided by Micro-Media Systems (MMS), who...
Methods of measuring zones of inhibition with the Bauer-Kirby disk susceptibility test.
Barry, A L, Coyle, M B, Thornsberry, C, Gerlach, E H, Hawkinson, R W
Standard Bauer-Kirby disk tests were performed with 85 selected isolates, each tested in triplicate by four different investigators. Each disk test was observed, and zone diameters were measured,...
Simple inoculum standardizing system for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests.
Barry, A L, Amsterdam, D, Coyle, M B, Gerlach, E H, Thornsberry, C, Hawkinson, R W
A collaborative study was undertaken to evaluate a simple, convenient device which expedites inoculum standardization for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests. The Inocupac system (Minnesota...
Jones, R N, Gavan, T L, Barry, A L
The Sensititre broth microdilution antibiotic susceptibility testing system was found to be comparable to a reference broth dilution method. Of 3,194 minimum inhibitory concentration data pairs,...
Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L, Gavan, T L
A multiwell, dried antimicrobial agent susceptibility test system, Sceptor (BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.), was tested. The system was compared directly with a reference microdilution...
Microdilution susceptibility test panels were independently read by two different technologists. One or more discrepancies between readers occurred with 5% of the 25,022 recorded minimal inhibitory...
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N
With currently recommended disk susceptibility tests, minimal inhibitory concentration correlates for amikacin were greater than 16 micrograms/ml for resistance and less than or equal to 12...
Rapid identification of Bacteroides fragilis with bile and antibiotic disks.
A simple screening test is described for separating Bacteroides fragilis from other anaerobic gram-negative bacilli. The test utilizes filter paper disks impregnated with 25 mg of oxgall (Difco),...
Gavan, T L, Jones, R N, Barry, A L
This three-center collaborative study was conducted to evaluate samples of Sensititre antimicrobial microdilution panels (GIBCO/INVENEX). Sensititre minimum inhibitory concentrations of 27 bacterial...
Jones, R N, Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Gavan, T L, Sommers, H M, Gerlach, E H
The in vitro activity of cefoperazone (T-1551) against almost 9,000 recent clinical isolates at six institutions was tested and compared with that of cephalothin and gentamicin. The modal minimum...
Jones, R N, Fuchs, P C, Sommers, H M, Gavan, T L, Barry, A L, Gerlach, E H
Moxalactam (LY127935) exhibited greater in vitro activity than cefamandole and tobramycin against clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas maltophilia. The...
Cefotaxime: in vitro activity and tentative interpretive standards for disk susceptibility testing.
Fuchs, P C, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N, Gavan, T L, Gerlach, E H, ...
Tested against 9,412 recent clinical isolates, cefotaxime exhibited 8 to 64 times greater activity against the Enterobacteriaceae than did cephalothin and two to four times greater activity against...
Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L, Jones, R N, Baker, C N, Badal, R E, Packer, R R
Sch 21420 is a new aminoglycoside synthesized from gentamicin B. Susceptibility tests with Sch 21420, amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, sisomicin, and tobramycin were performed on a variety of...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
The disk diffusion inhibitory zone diameters for 10-microgram and 30-microgram netilmicin disks were correlated with minimum inhibitory concentrations against 471 clinical strains tested in...
Interpretive standards for disk susceptibility tests with Sch 21420 and amikacin.
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N, Gerlach, E H
Disk susceptibility tests with two structurally related aminoglycosides (amikacin and Sch 21420) were evaluated. Tests with 10- and 30-micrograms amikacin disks confirmed previous recommendations for...
Tentative interpretive standards for disk susceptibility tests with moxalactam (LY127935).
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Jones, R N, Gerlach, E H
Moxalactam (LY127935; 6059-S) is a new beta-lactam antibiotic. We propose tentative zone standards for agar diffusion susceptibility tests with 30-microgram disks. The final selection of minimal...
Jones, R N, Thornsberry, C, Barry, A L, Packer, R R, Baker, C N, Badal, R E
O-Demethylfortimicin A (compound A49759) was tested against 445 bacteria, and the results were compared with those obtained with fortimicin A, amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, sisomicin, and...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C
Ro 23-9424 is a novel ester-linked codrug of fleroxacin (Ro 23-6240; AM-833) and the cefotaxime metabolite desacetylcefotaxime. Its potency was determined against over 1,000 organisms and found to be...
In vitro susceptibility testing procedures for fosfomycin tromethamine.
Fosfomycin tromethamine (previously fosfomycin trometamol) is an orally administered fosfomycin which may be used for single-dose therapy of uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Fosfomycin...
Barry, A L, Pfaller, M A, Fuchs, P C, Packer, R R
Clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Moraxella catarrhalis were gathered from 19 different clinical laboratories throughout the...
Jones, Ronald N., Fuchs, Peter C., Gavan, Thomas L., Gerlach, E. Hugh, Barry, A. L., Thornsberry, Clyde
Cefuroxime, a new parenteral cephalosporin was compared with cephalothin by broth microdilution susceptibility testing against 5,887 routine clinical bacterial isolates in four large clinical...
Barry, A. L., Jones, R. N., Gavan, T. L.
Micro-Media Systems (MMS) has developed a procedure by which microdilution trays can be filled with dilutions of antimicrobial agents, frozen, and distributed to clinical laboratories. The trays are...
Interpretive Criteria for Cefamandole and Cephalothin Disk Diffusion Susceptibility Tests
Barry, A. L., Schoenknecht, F. D., Shadomy, S., Sherris, J. C., Thornsberry, C., Washington, J. A., ...
A multi-center study of 1,838 clinical isolates established the accuracy of diffusion susceptibility tests with 30-μg cephalothin disks and 30-μg cefamandole disks. The same interpretive zone...
Piperacillin susceptibility tests by the single-disk agar diffusion technique.
Barry, A L, Thornsberry, C, Badal, R E, Baker, C N, Jones, R N, Gerlach, E H
Piperacillin is a new semisynthetic penicillin with a spectrum of activity broader than that of carbenicillin or ticarcillin. Studies were performed to establish standards for agar diffusion...
Jones, R N, Barry, A L, Fuchs, P C, Gavan, T L, Sommers, H M, Gerlach, E H
The susceptibility of 11,840 clinical bacterial isolates to fortimicin A was determined by agar dilution or broth microdilution methods and compared with their susceptibility to amikacin and...
Improved 18-Hour Methyl Red Test
Barry, A. L., Bernsohn, K. L., Adams, A. P., Thrupp, L. D.
Standard methods for the methyl red (MR) test are not practical for routine use in clinical laboratories because of the necessarily prolonged incubation period. When read after overnight incubation,...
Methods for Storing Oxidase Test Reagents
Oxidase test reagents are notoriously unstable, but they can be held ready for use if frozen or if reagent-impregnated filter paper is kept dry.
Four-Hour Urease Test for Distinguishing Between Klebsiella and Enterobacter
Barry, A. L., Bernsohn, K. L., Thrupp, L. D.
Infections with Klebsiella and Enterobacter have increased among hospitalized patients. To study such infections, relatively simple but precise methods are needed for clinical laboratories to...
Barry, A. L., Fay, G. D., Sauer, R. L.
The survival of four aerobic and four anaerobic pathogens was evaluated quantitatively on cotton swabs and calcium alginate swabs stored in dry tubes as compared with swabs stored in Amies Transport...
Drew, W. Lawrence, Barry, A. L., O'Toole, Richard, Sherris, John C.
The resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to methicillin and related drugs can be reliably determined by using the Kirby-Bauer method of susceptibility testing if the incubation temperature is 35 C or...
Barry, A. L., Lachica, R. V. F., Atchison, F. W.
A simple system is described for efficiently detecting both thermonuclease (heat-stable nuclease) and free coagulase for the routine identification of Staphylococcus aureus in the clinical...
Inhibition of Bacterial Growth by the Nitrofurantoin Solvent Dimethylformamide
For quantitative susceptibility tests, stock solutions of nitrofurantoin are often prepared in dimethylformamide. Since 1.0 or 2.0 ml of the solvent will inhibit microbial growth, currently...
Barry, A. L., Effinger, L. J., Badal, R. E.
To perform microdilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests efficiently, broth dilutions of the antimicrobial drugs should be prepared in large batches and stored frozen until needed. Studies were...
Barry, A. L., Fay, G. D., Atchison, F. W.
A rapid method for assay of antimicrobial agents in human serum was modified to provide a method for rapidly assessing the activity of antimicrobial discs being used for susceptibility testing. Each...
Two Quick Methods for Voges-Proskauer Test
Two previously described methods for rapidly performing a Voges-Proskauer (VP) test were modified so that results could be obtained even more quickly. On MacConkey agar, colonies of...