Notkins, A. L., Cai, T., Hu, Y. F., Zhang, H. L., Harashima, S.
Islet antigen-2 (IA-2), a major autoantigen in type 1 diabetes, is an enzymatically inactive member of the transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. IA-2 is located in dense-core...
Lan, M S, Wasserfall, C, Maclaren, N K, Notkins, A L
IA-2 is a 105,847 Da transmembrane protein that belongs to the protein tyrosine phosphatase family. Immunoperoxidase staining with antibody raised against IA-2 showed that this protein is expressed...
Lu, J, Li, Q, Xie, H, Chen, Z J, Borovitskaya, A E, Maclaren, N K, ...
A novel cDNA, IA-2beta, was isolated from a mouse neonatal brain library. The predicted protein sequence revealed an extracellular domain, a transmembrane region, and an intracellular domain. The...
Kopp, J B, Klotman, M E, Adler, S H, Bruggeman, L A, Dickie, P, Marinos, N J, ...
Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) develop a renal syndrome characterized by proteinuria, renal failure, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. By using a...
Jun, H S, Kang, Y, Notkins, A L, Yoon, J W
Molecular pathogenic mechanisms for virus-induced disease have received considerable attention. Encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus-induced diabetes in mice has been extensively studied to elucidate the...
A recombinant human Fab expressed in Escherichia coli neutralizes rabies virus.
Cheung, S C, Dietzschold, B, Koprowski, H, Notkins, A L, Rando, R F
A recombinant human anti-rabies monoclonal antibody (MAb-57) Fab was prepared by cloning the heavy (Fd)- and light-chain domains into the same bacterial expression vector. To construct the...
Biological characterization of human monoclonal antibodies to rabies virus.
Dietzschold, B, Gore, M, Casali, P, Ueki, Y, Rupprecht, C E, Notkins, A L, ...
Rabies virus antigen-specific human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that recognized either viral glycoprotein, ribonucleoprotein, or matrix proteins were generated. Only glycoprotein-specific MAb...
Abramczuk, J W, Kearns-Jonker, M, Monell-Torrens, E, Wohlenberg, C, Notkins, A L
A construct containing the gene for glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus (HSV-gD), under the control of the simian virus 40 early promoter, was microinjected into single-cell embryos, and four...
Molecular mimicry: frequency of reactivity of monoclonal antiviral antibodies with normal tissues.
Srinivasappa, J, Saegusa, J, Prabhakar, B S, Gentry, M K, Buchmeier, M J, Wiktor, T J, ...
More than 600 monoclonal antiviral antibodies made against 11 different viruses were screened against 14 different organs from normal uninfected mice. Of these antiviral antibodies, 21, or...
Rooney, J F, Wohlenberg, C, Cremer, K J, Moss, B, Notkins, A L
Previously we showed that mice immunized with a vaccinia virus vector expressing the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein D (gD) gene (vaccinia/gD) were protected against both lethal and...
Inghirami, G, Nakamura, M, Balow, J E, Notkins, A L, Casali, P
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was purified and biotinylated without significant loss of its cell-transforming activity. The use of biotinylated virus in conjunction with antibodies specific for selected...
Radioactively labeled cDNAs were prepared by using as the template poly(A)+ mRNA from trigeminal ganglia of mice latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. These cDNAs were used as...
Garzelli, C, Taub, F E, Scharff, J E, Prabhakar, B S, Ginsberg-Fellner, F, Notkins, A L
Peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal individuals and patients with autoimmune abnormalities such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and thyroiditis were infected with Epstein-Barr virus, and...
Puga, A, Gomez-Marquez, J, Brayton, P R, Cantin, E M, Long, L K, Barbacid, M, ...
A 0.8-kilobase SacI DNA fragment in the distal 5'-noncoding region of the c-Ha-ras1 oncogene hybridized to high guanine X cytosine sites of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) DNA restriction...
Yoon, J W, Morishima, T, McClintock, P R, Austin, M, Notkins, A L
In mice, Mengovirus produces a fatal encephalitis. Plaque purification of the virus resulted in the isolation of a clone (Mengo- 2T ), which in addition to encephalitis caused diabetes. Microscopic...
Cell surface expression of the 70-kD component of Ku, a DNA-binding nuclear autoantigen.
Prabhakar, B S, Allaway, G P, Srinivasappa, J, Notkins, A L
The Ku complex, a heterodimer of 86- and 70-kD proteins, is a nuclear DNA-binding autoantigen. However, hydrophobicity analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of the 70-kD protein had strongly...
Cantin, E M, Eberle, R, Baldick, J L, Moss, B, Willey, D E, Notkins, A L, ...
The herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) strain F gene encoding glycoprotein gB was isolated and modified at the 5' end by in vitro oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis. The modified gB gene was inserted...
Virus-induced decrease of insulin receptors in cultured human cells.
Shimizu, F, Hooks, J J, Kahn, C R, Notkins, A L
Viral infections may produce abnormalities in carbohydrate metabolism in normal subjects and profound changes in glucose homeostasis in insulin-dependent diabetics. Using an in vitro radio-receptor...
Ross, M E, Onodera, T, Hayashi, K, Notkins, A L
The M variant of encephalomyocarditis virus is very closely related serologically to five other strains of encephalomyocarditis virus. Despite the serological relationship, these five viruses differ...
Hooks, J J, Burns, W, Hayashi, K, Geis, S, Notkins, A L
Several viruses were categorized on the basis of their ability to spread from cell to contiguous cell and form plaques in the presence of antiviral antibody. Herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus,...
Efficacy of phosphonoacetic acid on herpes simplex virus infection of sensory ganglia.
Wohlenberg, C R, Walz, M A, Notkins, A L
Treatment of mice with phosphonoacetic acid markedly reduced the incidence of latent ganglionic infection with herpes simplex virus when administered within 24 h after viral inoculation, but had no...
Essani, K, Satoh, J, Prabhakar, B S, McClintock, P R, Notkins, A L
We have recently isolated and characterized a human monoclonal autoantibody, MOR-h1 (multiple organ-reactive human 1), that reacts with antigens in multiple organs and have shown that this antibody...
Human monoclonal autoantibodies that react with both pancreatic islets and thyroid.
Garzelli, C, Taub, F E, Jenkins, M C, Drell, D W, Ginsberg-Fellner, F, Notkins, A L
Transformation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes with Epstein-Barr virus and rapid screening on rat insulinoma cells by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to identify monoclonal...
Satoh, J, Essani, K, McClintock, P R, Notkins, A L
By fusing peripheral leukocytes from a patient with insulin-dependent diabetes with mouse myeloma cells, a heterohybridoma was isolated that, for over one year, has secreted a human monoclonal...
Human chorionic gonadotropin hormone prevents wasting syndrome and death in HIV-1 transgenic mice.
De, S K, Wohlenberg, C R, Marinos, N J, Doodnauth, D, Bryant, J L, Notkins, A L
At birth, transgenic mice, homozygous for the HIV-1 provirus pNL4-3, deleted in gag/pol, are normal in appearance and weight. Within several days after birth, the pups develop a syndrome...
Role of mucosal injury in initiating recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
Wray, D, Graykowski, E A, Notkins, A L
The buccal mucosa of 30 patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and 15 healthy controls was injured by suture and penetration with a tenaculum and a hypodermic needle and each of the six puncture...
Lan, M S, Wasserfall, C, Maclaren, N K, Notkins, A L
IA-2 is a 105,847 Da transmembrane protein that belongs to the protein tyrosine phosphatase family. Immunoperoxidase staining with antibody raised against IA-2 showed that this protein is expressed...
Lu, J, Li, Q, Xie, H, Chen, Z J, Borovitskaya, A E, Maclaren, N K, ...
A novel cDNA, IA-2beta, was isolated from a mouse neonatal brain library. The predicted protein sequence revealed an extracellular domain, a transmembrane region, and an intracellular domain. The...
Kopp, J B, Klotman, M E, Adler, S H, Bruggeman, L A, Dickie, P, Marinos, N J, ...
Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) develop a renal syndrome characterized by proteinuria, renal failure, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. By using a...
Jun, H S, Kang, Y, Notkins, A L, Yoon, J W
Molecular pathogenic mechanisms for virus-induced disease have received considerable attention. Encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus-induced diabetes in mice has been extensively studied to elucidate the...
A recombinant human Fab expressed in Escherichia coli neutralizes rabies virus.
Cheung, S C, Dietzschold, B, Koprowski, H, Notkins, A L, Rando, R F
A recombinant human anti-rabies monoclonal antibody (MAb-57) Fab was prepared by cloning the heavy (Fd)- and light-chain domains into the same bacterial expression vector. To construct the...
Biological characterization of human monoclonal antibodies to rabies virus.
Dietzschold, B, Gore, M, Casali, P, Ueki, Y, Rupprecht, C E, Notkins, A L, ...
Rabies virus antigen-specific human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that recognized either viral glycoprotein, ribonucleoprotein, or matrix proteins were generated. Only glycoprotein-specific MAb...
Abramczuk, J W, Kearns-Jonker, M, Monell-Torrens, E, Wohlenberg, C, Notkins, A L
A construct containing the gene for glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus (HSV-gD), under the control of the simian virus 40 early promoter, was microinjected into single-cell embryos, and four...
Molecular mimicry: frequency of reactivity of monoclonal antiviral antibodies with normal tissues.
Srinivasappa, J, Saegusa, J, Prabhakar, B S, Gentry, M K, Buchmeier, M J, Wiktor, T J, ...
More than 600 monoclonal antiviral antibodies made against 11 different viruses were screened against 14 different organs from normal uninfected mice. Of these antiviral antibodies, 21, or...
Rooney, J F, Wohlenberg, C, Cremer, K J, Moss, B, Notkins, A L
Previously we showed that mice immunized with a vaccinia virus vector expressing the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein D (gD) gene (vaccinia/gD) were protected against both lethal and...
Inghirami, G, Nakamura, M, Balow, J E, Notkins, A L, Casali, P
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was purified and biotinylated without significant loss of its cell-transforming activity. The use of biotinylated virus in conjunction with antibodies specific for selected...
Radioactively labeled cDNAs were prepared by using as the template poly(A)+ mRNA from trigeminal ganglia of mice latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. These cDNAs were used as...
Garzelli, C, Taub, F E, Scharff, J E, Prabhakar, B S, Ginsberg-Fellner, F, Notkins, A L
Peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal individuals and patients with autoimmune abnormalities such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and thyroiditis were infected with Epstein-Barr virus, and...
Puga, A, Gomez-Marquez, J, Brayton, P R, Cantin, E M, Long, L K, Barbacid, M, ...
A 0.8-kilobase SacI DNA fragment in the distal 5'-noncoding region of the c-Ha-ras1 oncogene hybridized to high guanine X cytosine sites of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) DNA restriction...
Yoon, J W, Morishima, T, McClintock, P R, Austin, M, Notkins, A L
In mice, Mengovirus produces a fatal encephalitis. Plaque purification of the virus resulted in the isolation of a clone (Mengo- 2T ), which in addition to encephalitis caused diabetes. Microscopic...
Cell surface expression of the 70-kD component of Ku, a DNA-binding nuclear autoantigen.
Prabhakar, B S, Allaway, G P, Srinivasappa, J, Notkins, A L
The Ku complex, a heterodimer of 86- and 70-kD proteins, is a nuclear DNA-binding autoantigen. However, hydrophobicity analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of the 70-kD protein had strongly...
Cantin, E M, Eberle, R, Baldick, J L, Moss, B, Willey, D E, Notkins, A L, ...
The herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) strain F gene encoding glycoprotein gB was isolated and modified at the 5' end by in vitro oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis. The modified gB gene was inserted...
Virus-induced decrease of insulin receptors in cultured human cells.
Shimizu, F, Hooks, J J, Kahn, C R, Notkins, A L
Viral infections may produce abnormalities in carbohydrate metabolism in normal subjects and profound changes in glucose homeostasis in insulin-dependent diabetics. Using an in vitro radio-receptor...
Ross, M E, Onodera, T, Hayashi, K, Notkins, A L
The M variant of encephalomyocarditis virus is very closely related serologically to five other strains of encephalomyocarditis virus. Despite the serological relationship, these five viruses differ...
Hooks, J J, Burns, W, Hayashi, K, Geis, S, Notkins, A L
Several viruses were categorized on the basis of their ability to spread from cell to contiguous cell and form plaques in the presence of antiviral antibody. Herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus,...
Efficacy of phosphonoacetic acid on herpes simplex virus infection of sensory ganglia.
Wohlenberg, C R, Walz, M A, Notkins, A L
Treatment of mice with phosphonoacetic acid markedly reduced the incidence of latent ganglionic infection with herpes simplex virus when administered within 24 h after viral inoculation, but had no...
Essani, K, Satoh, J, Prabhakar, B S, McClintock, P R, Notkins, A L
We have recently isolated and characterized a human monoclonal autoantibody, MOR-h1 (multiple organ-reactive human 1), that reacts with antigens in multiple organs and have shown that this antibody...
Human monoclonal autoantibodies that react with both pancreatic islets and thyroid.
Garzelli, C, Taub, F E, Jenkins, M C, Drell, D W, Ginsberg-Fellner, F, Notkins, A L
Transformation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes with Epstein-Barr virus and rapid screening on rat insulinoma cells by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to identify monoclonal...
Satoh, J, Essani, K, McClintock, P R, Notkins, A L
By fusing peripheral leukocytes from a patient with insulin-dependent diabetes with mouse myeloma cells, a heterohybridoma was isolated that, for over one year, has secreted a human monoclonal...
Human chorionic gonadotropin hormone prevents wasting syndrome and death in HIV-1 transgenic mice.
De, S K, Wohlenberg, C R, Marinos, N J, Doodnauth, D, Bryant, J L, Notkins, A L
At birth, transgenic mice, homozygous for the HIV-1 provirus pNL4-3, deleted in gag/pol, are normal in appearance and weight. Within several days after birth, the pups develop a syndrome...
Role of mucosal injury in initiating recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
Wray, D, Graykowski, E A, Notkins, A L
The buccal mucosa of 30 patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and 15 healthy controls was injured by suture and penetration with a tenaculum and a hypodermic needle and each of the six puncture...
Passive haemagglutination for estimation of early and late anti-human γ-globulin antibodies
Mergenhagen, S. E., Notkins, A. L., Evans, R. T.
The influence of various concentrations of human γ-globulin (HGG) employed to sensitize tanned sheep erythrocytes on haemagglutination titres with various early and late mouse and rabbit antisera to...
Hayashi, T., Salata, K., Kingman, A., Notkins, A. L.
Since its discovery, lactic dehydrogenase virus (LDV) has remained unique as a model of long-term enzyme elevation due to impairment of enzyme clearance. The present study shows that mice inoculated...
Enhancement of IgE-mediated histamine release from human basophils by immune-specific lymphokines.
Ida, S, Hooks, J J, Siraganian, R P, Notkins, A L
Human leucocytes (basophils) release histamine when exposed to ragweed antigen E or anti-IgE. The present study shows that when leucocytes from BCG-positive donors are first incubated with PPD and...
The interaction of rheumatoid factor with hepatitis B surface antigen-antibody complexes.
Markenson, J A, Daniels, C A, Notkins, A L, Hoofnagle, J H, Gerety, J, Barker, L F
A solid phase radioimmunoassay was developed in which the hepatitis B surface antigen was adsorbed to the surface of plastic beads. When the antigen-coated beads were incubated with human IgG...
Cheung, S C, Takeda, S, Notkins, A L
Monoclonal polyreactive antibodies can bind to many structurally dissimilar self and non-self antigens. Neither the precise antigen-binding site on the polyreactive antibody molecule nor the...
B cells that make polyreactive antibodies (PAB+ cells) express polyreactive Ig receptors on their surface and can bind a variety of different antigens. The present study shows that PAB+ cells are...
Xie, H, Deng, Y J, Notkins, A L, Lan, M S
Autoantibodies to a 64-kD protein and a 40-kD tryptic fragment from pancreatic islets have been detected at high frequency in the sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)....
Molecular determinants of polyreactive antibody binding: HCDR3 and cyclic peptides
Human monoclonal antibody 63 (mAb63) is an IgM/λ polyreactive antibody that binds to multiple self and non-self antigens. The molecular basis of polyreactivity is still unclear. The present study...
Harashima, S-I, Harashima, C, Nishimura, T, Hu, Y, Notkins, A L
IA-2 is a major autoantigen in type 1 diabetes and autoantibodies to it have become important diagnostic and predictive markers. IA-2 also is an intrinsic transmembrane component of dense core...