Ary A. Hoffmann

Effect of altitude on the genetic structure of an Alpine grass, Poa hiemata (2009)

Byars, Sean G., Parsons, Yvonne, Hoffmann, Ary A.

Background and Aims The persistence of plants inhabiting restricted alpine areas under climate change will depend upon many factors including levels of genetic variation in adaptive traits,...

Integrating biophysical models and evolutionary theory to predict climatic impacts on species' ranges: the dengue mosquito Aedes aegypti in Australia (2009)

Kearney, Michael, Porter, Warren P., Williams, Craig, Ritchie, Scott, Hoffmann, Ary A.

1. Climate change will alter the distribution and abundance of many species, including those of concern to human health. Accurate predictions of these impacts must be based on an understanding of the...

Ecologically Sustainable Chemical Recommendations for Agricultural Pest Control? (2007)

Linda J. Thomson, Ary A. Hoffmann

Effective pest control remains an essential part of food production, and it is provided both by chemicals and by natural enemies within agricultural ecosystems. These methods of control are often in...

LOCAL ADAPTATION AND COGRADIENT SELECTION IN THE ALPINE PLANT, POA HIEMATA, ALONG A NARROW ALTITUDINAL GRADIENT (2007)

Sean G. Byars, Warwick Papst, Ary A. Hoffmann

Alpine environments are particularly susceptible to environmental changes associated with global warming but there is potential for alpine plants to adapt to warming if local adaptation occurs and...

Commercial Agrochemical Applications in Vineyards Do Not Influence Ant Communities (2007)

Chee Seng Chong, Ary A. Hoffmann, Linda J. Thomson

Ants have been widely used as bioindicators for various terrestrial monitoring and assessment programs but are seldom considered in evaluation of nontarget pesticide effect. Much chemical assessment...

From Parasite to Mutualist: Rapid Evolution of Wolbachia in Natural Populations of Drosophila (2007)

Andrew R. Weeks, Michael Turelli, William R. Harcombe, K. Tracy Reynolds, Ary A. Hoffmann

Wolbachia are maternally inherited bacteria that commonly spread through host populations by causing cytoplasmic incompatibility, often expressed as reduced egg hatch when uninfected females mate...

THE CONTRASTING GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF WING SIZE, VIABILITY, AND DEVELOPMENT TIME IN A RAINFOREST SPECIES AND ITS MORE WIDELY DISTRIBUTED RELATIVE (2006)

Michele Schiffer, A. Stuart Gilchrist, Ary A. Hoffmann

Divergence among populations can occur via additive genetic effects and/or because of epistatic interactions among genes. Here we use line-cross analysis to compare the importance of epistasis in...

Developing an Ecotoxicological Testing Standard for Predatory Mites in Australia: Acute and Sublethal Effects of Fungicides on Euseius victoriensis and Galendromus occidentalis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) (2004)

Martina B. Bernard, Paul A. Horne, Ary A. Hoffmann

Laboratory bioassays for testing the effect of agrochemicals on Euseius victoriensis (Womersley) and Galendromus occidentalis (Nesbitt) on detached leaves of Glycine max (L.) (soybean) and Phaseolus...

Effects of Cold Storage on Field and Laboratory Performance of Trichogramma carverae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and the Response of Three Trichogramma spp. (T. carverae, T. nr. brassicae, and T. funiculatum) to Cold (2004)

Bradley J. Rundle, Linda J. Thomson, Ary A. Hoffmann

Delaying emergence of Trichogramma spp. is critical for commercial production. Here, diapause induction was considered for three species (Trichogramma nr. brassicae Bezdenko, Trichogramma carverae...

Effects of Methoxyfenozide, Indoxacarb, and Other Insecticides on the Beneficial Egg Parasitoid Trichogramma nr. brassicae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Under Laboratory and Field Conditions (2003)

Swarna Hewa-Kapuge, Sandra McDougall, Ary A. Hoffmann

Trichogramma nr. brassicae is a common egg parasitoid of Helicoverpa species in Australian processing tomatoes, but its effectiveness can be severely curtailed by insecticide applications. To...

Overwintering of Trichogramma funiculatum Carver (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Under Semi-Natural Conditions (2003)

Bradley J. Rundle, Ary A. Hoffmann

Overwintering of Trichogramma (Trichogrammanza) funiculatum Carver was studied under seminatural temperate conditions by considering development time within eggs of the light brown apple moth,...

Are wing size, wing shape and asymmetry related to field fitness of Trichogramma egg parasitoids? (2003)

Kolliker-Ott, Ursula M., Blows, Mark W., Hoffmann, Ary A.

The effects of wing shape, wing size, and fluctuating asymmetry in these measures oil the field fitness of T. nr. brassicae and T. pretiosum were investigated. Trichogramma wasps mass-reared on eggs...

Are wing size, wing shape and asymmetry related to field fitness of Trichogramma egg parasitoids? (2003)

Kolliker-Ott, Ursula M., Blows, Mark W., Hoffmann, Ary A.

The effects of wing shape, wing size, and fluctuating asymmetry in these measures oil the field fitness of T. nr. brassicae and T. pretiosum were investigated. Trichogramma wasps mass-reared on eggs...

Wing Shape and Wing Size Changes as Indicators of Environmental Stress in Helicoverpa punctigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Moths: Comparing Shifts in Means, Variances, and Asymmetries (2002)

Ary A. Hoffmann, Eveline Collins, Richard Woods

Changes in the mean, variance and developmental instability of morphological traits have often been used to detect environmental stress in insects. Studies have focused on linear measurements,...

Individual level trade-offs and artifacts in the egg parasitoid Trichogramma carverae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) (2002)

David M. Bennett, Kathleen T. Reynolds, Linda J. Thomson, Ary A. Hoffmann

As is the case with many egg parasitoids, parasitism rates in Trichogramma spp. vary markedly among individuals. Here we test whether this individual variability in Trichogramma carverae (Oatman and...

Laboratory Fecundity as Predictor of Field Success in Trichogramma carverae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) (2002)

Linda J. Thomson, Ary A. Hoffmann

Laboratory fecundity assessments are routinely used to determine the quality of commercially reared Trichogramma egg parasitoids before release for pest control, but there is little information on...

RESPONSE TO NATURAL AND LABORATORY SELECTION AT THE DROSOPHILA HSP70 GENES (2002)

Brian R. Bettencourt, InYoung Kim, Ary A. Hoffmann, Martin E. Feder

To determine whether and how laboratory and natural selection act on the hsp70 (70-Kd heat-shock protein) genes of Drosophila melanogaster, we examined hsp70 allele frequencies in two sets of...

GEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS OF CLONAL DIVERSITY IN THE EARTH MITE SPECIES PENTHALEUS MAJOR WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON SPECIES MARGINS (2002)

Michelle T. Robinson, Andrew R. Weeks, Ary A. Hoffmann

Patterns of clonal diversity in parthenogenetic species can be influenced by occasional sexual reproduction, selection due to environmental heterogeneity, and genetic drift. Here we investigate...

GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION FOR WING SHAPE IN DROSOPHILA SERRATA (2002)

Ary A. Hoffmann, Jennifer Shirriffs

Geographic variation in wing shape in female Drosophila serrata was examined by characterizing isofemale strains from 19 localities collected along a transect on the eastern coast of Australia. Shape...

LEVELS OF VARIATION IN STRESS RESISTANCE IN DROSOPHILA AMONG STRAINS, LOCAL POPULATIONS, AND GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS: PATTERNS FOR DESICCATION, STARVATION, COLD RESISTANCE, AND ASSOCIATED TRAITS (2001)

Ary A. Hoffmann, R. Hallas, C. Sinclair, P. Mitrovski

Stress resistance traits in Drosophila often show clinal variation. Although these patterns suggest selection, there is generally no attempt to test how large differences at the geographical level...

Composite Asymmetry as an Indicator of Quality in the Beneficial Wasp Trichogramma nr. brassicae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) (2001)

Swarna Hewa-Kapuge, Ary A. Hoffmann

Trichogramma are egg parasitoids that are widely cultured for the control of moth pests in commercial insectaries. Stock quality is often maintained by releasing wasps from a mass culture in an area...

RAPID LOSS OF STRESS RESISTANCE IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER UNDER ADAPTATION TO LABORATORY CULTURE (2001)

Ary A. Hoffmann, Rebecca Hallas, Chantelle Sinclair, Linda Partridge

We investigate changes in resistance to desiccation and starvation during adaptation of Drosophila melanogaster to laboratory culture. We test the hypothesis that resistance to environmental stresses...

Both allelic variation and expression of nuclear and cytoplasmic transcripts of Hsr-omega are closely associated with thermal phenotype in Drosophila

McKechnie, Stephen W., Halford, Michael M., McColl, Gawain, Hoffmann, Ary A.

Inducible heat shock genes are considered a major component of the molecular mechanisms that confer cellular protection against a variety of environmental stresses, in particular high temperature...

Quantitative trait symmetry independent of Hsp90 buffering: Distinct modes of genetic canalization and developmental stability

Milton, Claire C., Huynh, Brandon, Batterham, Philip, Rutherford, Suzanne L., Hoffmann, Ary A.

The Hsp90 chaperone buffers development against a wide range of morphological changes in many organisms and in Drosophila masks the effects of hidden genetic variation. Theory predicts that genetic...

Genetic Divergence under Uniform Selection. II. Different Responses to Selection for Knockdown Resistance to Ethanol among DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER Populations and Their Replicate Lines

Cohan, Frederick M., Hoffmann, Ary A.

We have tested the hypothesis that genetic differences among conspecific populations may result in diverse responses to selection, using natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. Selection for...

Patterns of Diversity and Linkage Disequilibrium Within the Cosmopolitan Inversion In(3R)Payne in Drosophila melanogaster Are Indicative of Coadaptation

Kennington, W. Jason, Partridge, Linda, Hoffmann, Ary A.

The cosmopolitan inversion In(3R)Payne in Drosophila melanogaster decreases in frequency with increasing distance from the equator on three continents, indicating it is subject to strong natural...

Effect of E(sev) and Su(Raf) Hsp83 Mutants and Trans-heterozygotes on Bristle Trait Means and Variation in Drosophila melanogaster

Milton, Claire C., Batterham, Philip, McKenzie, John A., Hoffmann, Ary A.

The Hsp90 protein encoded by the Hsp83 gene is required for the development of many traits in Drosophila. Hsp83 is also thought to play a role in the expression of phenotypic and genetic variability...

The effects of host age, host nuclear background and temperature on phenotypic effects of the virulent Wolbachia strain popcorn in Drosophila melanogaster.

Reynolds, K Tracy, Thomson, Linda J, Hoffmann, Ary A

Because of their obligate endosymbiotic nature, Wolbachia strains by necessity are defined by their phenotypic effects upon their host. Nevertheless, studies on the influence of host background and...

Both allelic variation and expression of nuclear and cytoplasmic transcripts of Hsr-omega are closely associated with thermal phenotype in Drosophila

McKechnie, Stephen W., Halford, Michael M., McColl, Gawain, Hoffmann, Ary A.

Inducible heat shock genes are considered a major component of the molecular mechanisms that confer cellular protection against a variety of environmental stresses, in particular high temperature...

Quantitative trait symmetry independent of Hsp90 buffering: Distinct modes of genetic canalization and developmental stability

Milton, Claire C., Huynh, Brandon, Batterham, Philip, Rutherford, Suzanne L., Hoffmann, Ary A.

The Hsp90 chaperone buffers development against a wide range of morphological changes in many organisms and in Drosophila masks the effects of hidden genetic variation. Theory predicts that genetic...

Genetic Divergence under Uniform Selection. II. Different Responses to Selection for Knockdown Resistance to Ethanol among DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER Populations and Their Replicate Lines

Cohan, Frederick M., Hoffmann, Ary A.

We have tested the hypothesis that genetic differences among conspecific populations may result in diverse responses to selection, using natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. Selection for...

Patterns of Diversity and Linkage Disequilibrium Within the Cosmopolitan Inversion In(3R)Payne in Drosophila melanogaster Are Indicative of Coadaptation

Kennington, W. Jason, Partridge, Linda, Hoffmann, Ary A.

The cosmopolitan inversion In(3R)Payne in Drosophila melanogaster decreases in frequency with increasing distance from the equator on three continents, indicating it is subject to strong natural...

Effect of E(sev) and Su(Raf) Hsp83 Mutants and Trans-heterozygotes on Bristle Trait Means and Variation in Drosophila melanogaster

Milton, Claire C., Batterham, Philip, McKenzie, John A., Hoffmann, Ary A.

The Hsp90 protein encoded by the Hsp83 gene is required for the development of many traits in Drosophila. Hsp83 is also thought to play a role in the expression of phenotypic and genetic variability...

The effects of host age, host nuclear background and temperature on phenotypic effects of the virulent Wolbachia strain popcorn in Drosophila melanogaster.

Reynolds, K Tracy, Thomson, Linda J, Hoffmann, Ary A

Because of their obligate endosymbiotic nature, Wolbachia strains by necessity are defined by their phenotypic effects upon their host. Nevertheless, studies on the influence of host background and...

From Parasite to Mutualist: Rapid Evolution of Wolbachia in Natural Populations of Drosophila

Weeks, Andrew R, Turelli, Michael, Harcombe, William R, Reynolds, K. Tracy, Hoffmann, Ary A

Wolbachia are maternally inherited bacteria that commonly spread through host populations by causing cytoplasmic incompatibility, often expressed as reduced egg hatch when uninfected females mate...

Mapping Regions Within Cosmopolitan Inversion In(3R)Payne Associated With Natural Variation in Body Size in Drosophila melanogaster

Kennington, W. Jason, Hoffmann, Ary A., Partridge, Linda

Associations between genotypes for inversions and quantitative traits have been reported in several organisms, but little has been done to localize regions within inversions controlling variation in...

Can artificially selected phenotypes influence a component of field fitness? Thermal selection and fly performance under thermal extremes

Kristensen, Torsten Nygaard, Loeschcke, Volker, Hoffmann, Ary A

Artificially selected lines are widely used to investigate the genetic basis of quantitative traits and make inferences about evolutionary trajectories. Yet, the relevance of selected traits to field...

Costs and benefits of cold acclimation in field-released Drosophila

Kristensen, Torsten N., Hoffmann, Ary A., Overgaard, Johannes, Sørensen, Jesper G., Hallas, Rebecca, Loeschcke, Volker

One way animals can counter the effects of climatic extremes is via physiological acclimation, but acclimating to one extreme might decrease performance under different conditions. Here, we use field...

Population Bottlenecks Increase Additive Genetic Variance But Do Not Break a Selection Limit in Rain Forest Drosophila

Van Heerwaarden, Belinda, Willi, Yvonne, Kristensen, Torsten N., Hoffmann, Ary A.

According to neutral quantitative genetic theory, population bottlenecks are expected to decrease standing levels of additive genetic variance of quantitative traits. However, some empirical and...

Towards an Integrated Framework for Assessing the Vulnerability of Species to Climate Change

Williams, Stephen E, Shoo, Luke P, Isaac, Joanne L, Hoffmann, Ary A, Langham, Gary

Climate change is a major threat to global biodiversity. A novel integrated framework to assess vulnerability and prioritize research and management action aims to improve our ability to respond to...

Frequency-dependent selection maintains clonal diversity in an asexual organism

Weeks, Andrew R., Hoffmann, Ary A.

Asexual organisms can be genetically variable and evolve through time, yet it is not known how genetic diversity is maintained in populations. In sexual organisms, negative frequency-dependent...

A high incidence of parthenogenesis in agricultural pests

Hoffmann, Ary A, Tracy Reynolds, K, Nash, Michael A, Weeks, Andrew R

Parthenogenetic species are assumed to represent evolutionary dead ends, yet parthenogenesis is common in some groups of invertebrates particularly in those found in relatively constant environments....