Immunization Studies with Attenuated Strains of Bacillus anthracis (2003)
Ivins, B. E., Jemski, J., Hedlund, K. W., Ristroph, J. D.
Live, attenuated strains of Bacillus anthracis lacking either the capsule plasmid pX02, the toxin plasmid pX01, or both plasmids, were tested for their efficacy as vaccines against intravenous...
Ivins, B. E., Fellows, P. F., Nelson, G. O.
The efficacy of an anthrax vaccine licensed for human use, MDPH-PA, was tested in guinea pigs intramuscularly challenged with 10, 100 or 1,000 LD50s of spores from two virulent strains of Bacillus...
Demonstration of a Capsule Plasmid in Bacillus anthracis, (2002)
Green,B. D., Battisti,L., Thorne,C. B., Ivins,B. E.
Virulent and certain avirulent strains of Bacillus anthracis harbor a plasmid, designated pX02, which is involved in the synthesis of capsules. Two classes of rough noncapsulated (Cap-) variants were...
Development of an in Vitro-Based Potency Assay for Anthrax Vaccine (1998)
Little, S. F., Webster, W. M., Ivins, B. E., Fellows, P. F., Norris, S. L.
The potency assay currently used to evaluate consistency of manufacture for the anthrax vaccine is contingent upon meeting specified parameters after statistical analysis of the percent survival and...
Little, S. F., Ivins, B. E., Webster, W. M., Fellows, P. F., Pitt, M. L., Norris, S. L., ...
Long-term protection of rabbits that had been vaccinated with two doses of a recombinant protective antigen (rPA) vaccine was examined against an aerosol spore challenge with the Ames isolate of...
Ribot, W. J., Powell, B. S., Ivins, B. E., Little, S. F., Johnson, W. M., ...
The next-generation human anthrax vaccine developed by the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) is based upon purified Bacillus anthracis recombinant...
Little, S. F., Ivins, B. E., Webster, W. M., Fellows, P. F., Pitt, M. L., Norris, S. L., ...
Long-term protection of rabbits that had been vaccinated with two doses of a recombinant protective antigen (rPA) vaccine was examined against an aerosol spore challenge with the Ames isolate of...
Passive protection by polyclonal antibodies against Bacillus anthracis infection in guinea pigs.
Little, S F, Ivins, B E, Fellows, P F, Friedlander, A M
The protective effects of polyclonal antisera produced by injecting guinea pigs with protective antigen (PA), the chemical anthrax vaccine AVA, or Sterne spore vaccine, as well as those of...
Influence of body weight on response of Fischer 344 rats to anthrax lethal toxin.
Ivins, B E, Ristroph, J D, Nelson, G O
Groups of Fischer 344 rats were injected intravenously with Bacillus anthracis culture supernatant containing crude anthrax toxin. Times to death of rats given identical toxin preparations varied...
Immunization against anthrax with Bacillus anthracis protective antigen combined with adjuvants.
Ivins, B E, Welkos, S L, Little, S F, Crumrine, M H, Nelson, G O
The protective efficacy of immunization against anthrax with Bacillus anthracis protective antigen (PA) combined with different adjuvants was tested in Hartley guinea pigs and CBA/J and A/J mice....
Iacono-Connors, L C, Welkos, S L, Ivins, B E, Dalrymple, J M
We previously described the cloning and expression of the protective antigen (PA) gene of Bacillus anthracis in both vaccinia virus and a baculovirus. The antigenicity of the PA products was...
Ivins, B E, Welkos, S L, Knudson, G B, Little, S F
The safety and efficacy of five prototype, live anthrax vaccines were studied in Hartley guinea pigs and CBA/J and A/J mice. Two of the strains, Bacillus anthracis FD111 and FD112, are Aro- mutants...
Transposon Tn916 mutagenesis in Bacillus anthracis.
Ivins, B E, Welkos, S L, Knudson, G B, Leblanc, D J
Mutagenesis of Bacillus anthracis by the streptococcal tetracycline resistance transposon Tn916 is described. Tn916 was transferred from Streptococcus faecalis DS16C1 to B. anthracis VNR-1 by...
Cloning and expression of the Bacillus anthracis protective antigen gene in Bacillus subtilis.
The gene encoding the protective antigen (PA) moiety of the tripartite exotoxin of Bacillus anthracis was cloned from the recombinant plasmid pSE36 into Bacillus subtilis 1S53 by using the plasmid...
Immunization studies with attenuated strains of Bacillus anthracis.
Ivins, B E, Ezzell, J W, Jemski, J, Hedlund, K W, Ristroph, J D, Leppla, S H
Live, attenuated strains of Bacillus anthracis lacking either the capsule plasmid pXO2, the toxin plasmid pXO1, or both were tested for their efficacy as vaccines against intravenous challenge with...
Demonstration of a capsule plasmid in Bacillus anthracis.
Green, B D, Battisti, L, Koehler, T M, Thorne, C B, Ivins, B E
Virulent and certain avirulent strains of Bacillus anthracis harbor a plasmid, designated pXO2, which is involved in the synthesis of capsules. Two classes of rough, noncapsulated (Cap-) variants...
Ezzell, J W, Ivins, B E, Leppla, S H
The kinetics of Bacillus anthracis toxin production in culture and its lethal activity in rats, mice, and guinea pigs were investigated. Lethal toxin activity was produced in vitro throughout...
Evidence for plasmid-mediated toxin production in Bacillus anthracis.
Mikesell, P, Ivins, B E, Ristroph, J D, Dreier, T M
Large-molecular-weight plasmids were isolated from virulent and avirulent strains of Bacillus anthracis. Each strain contained a single plasmid species unique from the others with respect to...
Factors affecting phaeomelanin production by a melanin-producing (mel) mutant of Vibrio cholerae.
In a previous study we isolated melanin-producing (mel) mutants of Vibrio cholerae and demonstrated that production of melanin during growth on solid media was stimulated by L-tyrosine and...
Intravenous injection of toxic doses of Chlamydia psittaci elementary bodies into endotoxin-responsive C3H/HeN mice or endotoxin-nonresponsive C3H/HeJ mice resulted in essentially identical time...
Interaction of Chlamydia psittaci with mouse peritoneal macrophages.
Wyrick, P B, Brownridge, E A, Ivins, B E
L-cell-grown Chlamydia psittaci elementary bodies (EB) were rapidly phagocytized by mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. However, the intracellular fate of chlamydiae in macrophages appeared to be...
Passive protection by polyclonal antibodies against Bacillus anthracis infection in guinea pigs.
Little, S F, Ivins, B E, Fellows, P F, Friedlander, A M
The protective effects of polyclonal antisera produced by injecting guinea pigs with protective antigen (PA), the chemical anthrax vaccine AVA, or Sterne spore vaccine, as well as those of...
Influence of body weight on response of Fischer 344 rats to anthrax lethal toxin.
Ivins, B E, Ristroph, J D, Nelson, G O
Groups of Fischer 344 rats were injected intravenously with Bacillus anthracis culture supernatant containing crude anthrax toxin. Times to death of rats given identical toxin preparations varied...
Immunization against anthrax with Bacillus anthracis protective antigen combined with adjuvants.
Ivins, B E, Welkos, S L, Little, S F, Crumrine, M H, Nelson, G O
The protective efficacy of immunization against anthrax with Bacillus anthracis protective antigen (PA) combined with different adjuvants was tested in Hartley guinea pigs and CBA/J and A/J mice....
Iacono-Connors, L C, Welkos, S L, Ivins, B E, Dalrymple, J M
We previously described the cloning and expression of the protective antigen (PA) gene of Bacillus anthracis in both vaccinia virus and a baculovirus. The antigenicity of the PA products was...
Ivins, B E, Welkos, S L, Knudson, G B, Little, S F
The safety and efficacy of five prototype, live anthrax vaccines were studied in Hartley guinea pigs and CBA/J and A/J mice. Two of the strains, Bacillus anthracis FD111 and FD112, are Aro- mutants...
Transposon Tn916 mutagenesis in Bacillus anthracis.
Ivins, B E, Welkos, S L, Knudson, G B, Leblanc, D J
Mutagenesis of Bacillus anthracis by the streptococcal tetracycline resistance transposon Tn916 is described. Tn916 was transferred from Streptococcus faecalis DS16C1 to B. anthracis VNR-1 by...
Cloning and expression of the Bacillus anthracis protective antigen gene in Bacillus subtilis.
The gene encoding the protective antigen (PA) moiety of the tripartite exotoxin of Bacillus anthracis was cloned from the recombinant plasmid pSE36 into Bacillus subtilis 1S53 by using the plasmid...
Immunization studies with attenuated strains of Bacillus anthracis.
Ivins, B E, Ezzell, J W, Jemski, J, Hedlund, K W, Ristroph, J D, Leppla, S H
Live, attenuated strains of Bacillus anthracis lacking either the capsule plasmid pXO2, the toxin plasmid pXO1, or both were tested for their efficacy as vaccines against intravenous challenge with...
Demonstration of a capsule plasmid in Bacillus anthracis.
Green, B D, Battisti, L, Koehler, T M, Thorne, C B, Ivins, B E
Virulent and certain avirulent strains of Bacillus anthracis harbor a plasmid, designated pXO2, which is involved in the synthesis of capsules. Two classes of rough, noncapsulated (Cap-) variants...
Ezzell, J W, Ivins, B E, Leppla, S H
The kinetics of Bacillus anthracis toxin production in culture and its lethal activity in rats, mice, and guinea pigs were investigated. Lethal toxin activity was produced in vitro throughout...
Evidence for plasmid-mediated toxin production in Bacillus anthracis.
Mikesell, P, Ivins, B E, Ristroph, J D, Dreier, T M
Large-molecular-weight plasmids were isolated from virulent and avirulent strains of Bacillus anthracis. Each strain contained a single plasmid species unique from the others with respect to...
Factors affecting phaeomelanin production by a melanin-producing (mel) mutant of Vibrio cholerae.
In a previous study we isolated melanin-producing (mel) mutants of Vibrio cholerae and demonstrated that production of melanin during growth on solid media was stimulated by L-tyrosine and...
Intravenous injection of toxic doses of Chlamydia psittaci elementary bodies into endotoxin-responsive C3H/HeN mice or endotoxin-nonresponsive C3H/HeJ mice resulted in essentially identical time...
Interaction of Chlamydia psittaci with mouse peritoneal macrophages.
Wyrick, P B, Brownridge, E A, Ivins, B E
L-cell-grown Chlamydia psittaci elementary bodies (EB) were rapidly phagocytized by mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. However, the intracellular fate of chlamydiae in macrophages appeared to be...
Efficacy of Oritavancin in a Murine Model of Bacillus anthracis Spore Inhalation Anthrax ▿
Heine, H. S., Bassett, J., Miller, L., Bassett, A., Ivins, B. E., Lehoux, D., ...
The inhaled form of Bacillus anthracis infection may be fatal to humans. The current standard of care for inhalational anthrax postexposure prophylaxis is ciprofloxacin therapy twice daily for 60...