The binding of postsynaptic neurotoxins from snake and marine cone snail (Conus sp.) venoms to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AchR) was investigated with an ELISA-based, non-radioactive assay
Vlach, Kim D., Boles, James W., Stiles, Bradley G.
Background and Purpose: Hypothermia and death are used as experimental markers in murine models of staphylococcal enterotoxins shock. This study determined whether body temperature and physical...
Krakauer, Teresa, Stiles, Bradley G.
Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes are facultative gram-positive cocci that play an important role in a myriad of human illnesses, including food poisoning, skin infections,...
Hale, Martha L., Marvaud, Jean-Christophe, Popoff, Michael R., Stiles, Bradley G.
Clostridium perfringens iota-toxin consists of two separate proteins identified as a cell binding protein, iota b (Ib), which forms high-molecular-weight complexes on cells generating...
Krakauer, Teresa, Little, Stephen F., Stiles, Bradley G.
Various in vitro effects of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were mitigated by Bacillus anthracis edema toxin. In particular, levels of some SEB-induced...
Pentoxifylline Inhibits Superantigen-Induced Toxic Shock and Cytokine Release
Krakauer, Teresa, Stiles, Bradley G.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a critical cytokine that mediates the toxic effects of bacterial superantigens like staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1...
Stiles, Bradley G., Campbell, Yvette G., Castle, Robert M., Grove, Sara A.
This study describes a quick (
Stiles, Bradley G., Hale, Martha L., Marvaud, Jean-Christophe, Popoff, Michel R.
The binding characteristics of iota toxin, a binary enterotoxin produced by Clostridium perfringens type E, were studied by fluorescence-activated cytometry. The proteolytically activated binding...
Stiles, Bradley G., Garza, Anthony R., Ulrich, Robert G., Boles, James W.
Previous work in our laboratory revealed that mice parenterally vaccinated with recombinantly attenuated staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) or toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 develop protective antibodies...
Clostridium perfringens Iota-Toxin: Mapping of Receptor Binding and Ia Docking Domains on Ib
Marvaud, Jean-Christophe, Smith, Theresa, Hale, Martha L., Popoff, Michel R., Smith, Leonard A., Stiles, Bradley G.
Clostridium perfringens iota-toxin is a binary toxin consisting of iota a (Ia), an ADP-ribosyltransferase that modifies actin, and iota b (Ib), which binds to a cell surface protein and translocates...
Pirfenidone Blocks the In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B
Hale, Martha L., Margolin, Solomon B., Krakauer, Teresa, Roy, Chad J., Stiles, Bradley G.
Pirfenidone [5-methyl-1-phenyl-2-(1H)-pyridone] down-regulates expression of cytokines and other mediators involved in the onset and development of pulmonary fibrosis. Pirfenidone also inhibits...
Hale, Martha L., Marvaud, Jean-Christophe, Popoff, Michel R., Stiles, Bradley G.
Clostridium perfringens iota-toxin consists of two separate proteins identified as a cell binding protein, iota b (Ib), which forms high-molecular-weight complexes on cells generating...
Barth, Holger, Aktories, Klaus, Popoff, Michel R., Stiles, Bradley G.
Certain pathogenic species of Bacillus and Clostridium have developed unique methods for intoxicating cells that employ the classic enzymatic “A-B” paradigm for protein toxins. The binary toxins...
Clostridium perfringens iota toxin: characterization of the cell-associated iota b complex.
Stiles, Bradley G, Hale, Martha L, Marvaud, Jean Christophe, Popoff, Michel R
Clostridium perfringens type E iota toxin consists of two unlinked proteins designated as iota a (Ia; molecular mass approximately 47 kDa), an ADP-ribosyltransferase and iota b (Ib; molecular mass...
Krakauer, Teresa, Little, Stephen F., Stiles, Bradley G.
Various in vitro effects of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were mitigated by Bacillus anthracis edema toxin. In particular, levels of some SEB-induced...
Pentoxifylline Inhibits Superantigen-Induced Toxic Shock and Cytokine Release
Krakauer, Teresa, Stiles, Bradley G.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a critical cytokine that mediates the toxic effects of bacterial superantigens like staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1...
Stiles, Bradley G., Campbell, Yvette G., Castle, Robert M., Grove, Sara A.
This study describes a quick (
Stiles, Bradley G., Hale, Martha L., Marvaud, Jean-Christophe, Popoff, Michel R.
The binding characteristics of iota toxin, a binary enterotoxin produced by Clostridium perfringens type E, were studied by fluorescence-activated cytometry. The proteolytically activated binding...
Stiles, Bradley G., Garza, Anthony R., Ulrich, Robert G., Boles, James W.
Previous work in our laboratory revealed that mice parenterally vaccinated with recombinantly attenuated staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) or toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 develop protective antibodies...
Clostridium perfringens Iota-Toxin: Mapping of Receptor Binding and Ia Docking Domains on Ib
Marvaud, Jean-Christophe, Smith, Theresa, Hale, Martha L., Popoff, Michel R., Smith, Leonard A., Stiles, Bradley G.
Clostridium perfringens iota-toxin is a binary toxin consisting of iota a (Ia), an ADP-ribosyltransferase that modifies actin, and iota b (Ib), which binds to a cell surface protein and translocates...
Pirfenidone Blocks the In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B
Hale, Martha L., Margolin, Solomon B., Krakauer, Teresa, Roy, Chad J., Stiles, Bradley G.
Pirfenidone [5-methyl-1-phenyl-2-(1H)-pyridone] down-regulates expression of cytokines and other mediators involved in the onset and development of pulmonary fibrosis. Pirfenidone also inhibits...
Hale, Martha L., Marvaud, Jean-Christophe, Popoff, Michel R., Stiles, Bradley G.
Clostridium perfringens iota-toxin consists of two separate proteins identified as a cell binding protein, iota b (Ib), which forms high-molecular-weight complexes on cells generating...
Barth, Holger, Aktories, Klaus, Popoff, Michel R., Stiles, Bradley G.
Certain pathogenic species of Bacillus and Clostridium have developed unique methods for intoxicating cells that employ the classic enzymatic “A-B” paradigm for protein toxins. The binary toxins...
Clostridium perfringens iota toxin: characterization of the cell-associated iota b complex.
Stiles, Bradley G, Hale, Martha L, Marvaud, Jean Christophe, Popoff, Michel R
Clostridium perfringens type E iota toxin consists of two unlinked proteins designated as iota a (Ia; molecular mass approximately 47 kDa), an ADP-ribosyltransferase and iota b (Ib; molecular mass...
Krakauer, Teresa, Little, Stephen F., Stiles, Bradley G.
Various in vitro effects of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were mitigated by Bacillus anthracis edema toxin. In particular, levels of some SEB-induced...
Bozue, Joel, Moody, Krishna L., Cote, Christopher K., Stiles, Bradley G., Friedlander, Arthur M., Welkos, Susan L., ...
Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax, and the spore form of the bacterium represents the infectious particle introduced into a host. The spore is surrounded by an exosporium, a...
Evidence that Membrane Rafts Are Not Required for the Action of Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxin▿
Caserta, Justin A., Hale, Martha L., Popoff, Michel R., Stiles, Bradley G., McClane, Bruce A.
The action of bacterial pore-forming toxins typically involves membrane rafts for binding, oligomerization, and/or cytotoxicity. Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) is a pore-forming toxin with...