Leach, M.O., Eeles, R.A., Turnbull, L.W., Dixon, A.K., Brown, J., Hoff, R.J., ...
The UK national study of magnetic resonance imaging as a method of screening for breast cancer (MARIBS) is in progress. The study design, accrual to date, and related research projects are described....
Unreliable rectal absorption of cisapride in horses (1999)
Steel, C. M., Bolton, J. R., Preechagoon, Y., Charles, B. G.
Unreliable rectal absorption of cisapride in horses (1999)
Steel, C. M., Bolton, J. R., Preechagoon, Y., Charles, B. G.
Identification and characterisation of cancer genes (1994)
Cancer genes have been subdivided into oncogenes and tumour suppressors though the distinction is not entirely valid. In many cases their effects can be demonstrated by induction or reversal of a...
A comparison of micronucleus frequency and radiation survival in lymphoblastoid cell lines (1993)
Slavotinek, Anne, McMillan, T.J., Steel, C.M.
The relationship between the formation of micronuclei (MN) following the treatment of cell lines with ionizing radiation and the radiation survival of cell lines is important as the MN assay has the...
RFLP for the human erbA2 gene (1986)
Middleton, P.G., Angelis, C.L.De, Weir-Thompson, E.M., Steel, C.M.
Hampton, G M, Penny, L A, Baergen, R N, Larson, A, Brewer, C, Liao, S, ...
Infection of cervical epithelial cells with so-called "aggressive" subtypes of human papilloma virus (HPV) appears to be an important factor in the etiology of cervical carcinoma. However, mounting...
Five year prospective study of HIV infection in the Edinburgh haemophiliac cohort.
Cuthbert, R J, Ludlam, C A, Tucker, J, Steel, C M, Beatson, D, Rebus, S, ...
OBJECTIVE--To identify measures of immune state that reflect the course of HIV related disease in order to predict deterioration of symptoms and assess response to treatment. DESIGN--Five year...
Linkage of a major breast cancer gene to chromosome 17q12-21: results from 15 Edinburgh families.
Cohen, B B, Porter, D E, Wallace, M R, Carothers, A, Steel, C M
DNA from members of 15 pedigrees each containing between three and eight cases of breast cancer have been collected from southeastern Scotland. Polymorphic markers on chromosome 17q were screened to...
Dunlop, M G, Wyllie, A H, Nakamura, Y, Steel, C M, Evans, H J, White, R L, ...
A genetic linkage map of six polymorphic DNA markers close to the gene (APC) for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) on chromosome 5q is reported. One hundred fifty-five typed members of nine FAP...
Hampton, G M, Penny, L A, Baergen, R N, Larson, A, Brewer, C, Liao, S, ...
Infection of cervical epithelial cells with so-called "aggressive" subtypes of human papilloma virus (HPV) appears to be an important factor in the etiology of cervical carcinoma. However, mounting...
Five year prospective study of HIV infection in the Edinburgh haemophiliac cohort.
Cuthbert, R J, Ludlam, C A, Tucker, J, Steel, C M, Beatson, D, Rebus, S, ...
OBJECTIVE--To identify measures of immune state that reflect the course of HIV related disease in order to predict deterioration of symptoms and assess response to treatment. DESIGN--Five year...
Linkage of a major breast cancer gene to chromosome 17q12-21: results from 15 Edinburgh families.
Cohen, B B, Porter, D E, Wallace, M R, Carothers, A, Steel, C M
DNA from members of 15 pedigrees each containing between three and eight cases of breast cancer have been collected from southeastern Scotland. Polymorphic markers on chromosome 17q were screened to...
Dunlop, M G, Wyllie, A H, Nakamura, Y, Steel, C M, Evans, H J, White, R L, ...
A genetic linkage map of six polymorphic DNA markers close to the gene (APC) for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) on chromosome 5q is reported. One hundred fifty-five typed members of nine FAP...
Steel, C. M., Hardy, D. A., Ling, N. R., Dick, H. M., Mackintosh, P., Crichton, W. B.
Activation of fresh blood lymphocytes has been measured by uptake of tritiated thymidine, following exposure to irradiated cells from autochthonous or allogeneic cell lines (LCL cells). Nine...
Mackintosh, Pauline, Wallin, Josephine, Hardy, D. A., Ling, N. R., Steel, C. M.
Cells from thirty-three human lymphoid cell lines and sublines have been typed for HL-A antigens by a microcytotoxicity test. Similar patterns of HL-A antigens were found for the cell line cells and...
Ling, N. R., Steel, C. M., Wallin, Josephine, Hardy, D. A.
The cytotoxic properties of human lymphocytes activated in mixed cell cultures with allogeneic lymphocytes or LCL cells have been investigated. Both activation and cytotoxic reactions could be...
Steel, C. M., Hardy, D. A., Ling, N. R., Lauder, I. J.
Human peripheral blood lymphocytes activated by contact with X-irradiated cells from lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL cells) acquire cytotoxic capacity directed against LCL cells as demonstrated by...
Guy, K, Middleton, P G, Docherty, L J, De Angelis, C L, Steel, C M
Phenotypic variant sublines of the Burkitt's lymphoma cell line Namalwa were examined with cDNA probes for the different MHC class II beta chain genes and with monoclonal antibodies specific for the...
Variant sublines of the human B-lymphoma cells Namalwa are at different stages of differentiation.
Guy, K, Middleton, P G, Steel, C M
Variant sublines of the Burkitt's lymphoma cell line Namalwa, previously shown to differ in MHC class II antigen and immunoglobulin expression, have been tested with monoclonal antibodies defining...
Cohen, B B, Crichton, D N, Steel, C M
When mice were immunized with a mixture of human MHC class II alpha and beta glycoprotein chains, the predominant antibody response was anti-alpha, and from a subsequent fusion experiment over 60...
Influence of monoclonal anti-Ia like antibodies on activation of human lymphocytes.
Steel, C M, Van Heyningen, V, Guy, K, Cohen, B B, Deane, D L
Four monoclonal antibodies directed against human DR antigens were examined for their effects on lymphocyte activation in vitro. Two (DA6.121 and DA6.231) were serologically and biochemically...
Simmonds, P, Lainson, F A L, Cuthbert, R, Steel, C M, Peutherer, J F, Ludlam, C A
Sequential serum samples from 18 haemophiliac patients exposed simultaneously to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV 1) in early 1984 were tested retrospectively for serological markers of...
Deane, D L, Harvey, E, Steel, C M
We have examined the effect of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) to different epitopes of the leucocyte common antigen (LCA), CD45, on anti-human immunoglobulin-primed B cell activation. Binding of MoAbs...
Biochemical variation of human Ia like antigens detected with monoclonal antibodies.
Cohen, B B, Deane, D L, Van Heyningen, V, Guy, K, Hutchins, D, Moxley, M, ...
Four mouse monoclonal antibodies to human B cell surface determinants previously described as being directed against Ia like (MHC class II) antigens, have been shown to precipitate Ia alpha and beta...
The accessory cell requirements of human neonatal T lymphocytes were compared with those of adult T lymphocytes in lectin-induced polyclonal activation. It was found that purified neonatal Esh...
Radioimmunoassay reveals no anti-male specificity in putative H-Y antisera.
Putative anti-H-Y antisera have been examined for H-Y-specific antibody in a sensitive antiglobulin radioimmunoassay. All the sera tested were weakly bound by both male and female spleen cells....
Variation in individual responses to the cytotoxicity of cigarette smoke.
There is increasing evidence that elastase may mediate pulmonary damage in emphysema and also that the release of intracellular elastase by cigarette smoke is necessarily associated with cell death....
Spontaneous and mutagen induced sister chromatid exchange in multiple sclerosis.
Newton, M S, Steel, C M, Evans, H J, Pentland, B
Spontaneous and mutagen induced sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies have been studied in nine patients with multiple sclerosis and in nine age and sex matched healthy controls. The incidence...
Vertical transmission of HIV: a prospective study.
Mok, J Y, Hague, R A, Yap, P L, Hargreaves, F D, Inglis, J M, Whitelaw, J M, ...
Forty nine infants of HIV seropositive women were followed up for a median of 24 months, together with 24 controls. The infection status of 11 index children under 18 months of age was indeterminate;...
Simmonds, P, Lainson, F A L, Cuthbert, R, Steel, C M, Peutherer, J F, Ludlam, C A
Sequential serum samples from 18 haemophiliac patients exposed simultaneously to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV 1) in early 1984 were tested retrospectively for serological markers of...
Cervical carcinoma: low frequency of allele loss at loci implicated in other common malignancies.
Busby-Earle, R. M., Steel, C. M., Bird, C. C.
Twenty cervical carcinomas were examined for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) using 22 RFLP markers, which mapped to regions of putative oncosuppressor gene loci, identified as candidates in other common...
pS2 is an independent factor of good prognosis in primary breast cancer.
Thompson, A. M., Hawkins, R. A., Elton, R. A., Steel, C. M., Chetty, U., Carter, D. C.
In breast cancer, oestrogen regulated genes, such as pS2, may be expressed in well differentiated tumours with a good prognosis. We have examined pS2 mRNA expression in 78 primary, untreated breast...
Allele loss from 5q21 (APC/MCC) and 18q21 (DCC) and DCC mRNA expression in breast cancer.
Thompson, A. M., Morris, R. G., Wallace, M., Wyllie, A. H., Steel, C. M., Carter, D. C.
Thirty-four primary, untreated sporadic breast cancers were examined for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at tumour suppressor loci involved in colorectal cancer: APC/MCC at 5q21 and DCC at 18q21. LOH...
Busby-Earle, R. M., Steel, C. M., Williams, A. R., Cohen, B., Bird, C. C.
p53 gene aberrations are common in human malignancies, and recent studies suggest that in cervical carcinoma p53 function is inactivated either by complex formation with human papillomavirus (HPV) E6...
p53 gene mRNA expression and chromosome 17p allele loss in breast cancer.
Thompson, A. M., Steel, C. M., Chetty, U., Hawkins, R. A., Miller, W. R., Carter, D. C., ...
p53 messenger RNA expression was examined using a cDNA probe in 76 fresh primary breast tumour specimens, 15 of which came from patients treated with toxoxifen prior to surgery. A 2.8 kb mRNA for p53...
Gene expression in oestrogen-dependent human breast cancer xenograft tumours.
Thompson, A. M., Steel, C. M., Foster, M. E., Kerr, D., Paterson, D., Deane, D., ...
Xenograft tumours from an oestrogen-dependent human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 have been established and characterised in thymectomised, irradiated female CBA strain mice. There was evidence for...
Mutations in p53 do not account for heritable breast cancer: a study in five affected families.
Prosser, J., Elder, P. A., Condie, A., MacFadyen, I., Steel, C. M., Evans, H. J.
Thompson, A. M., Kerr, D. J., Steel, C. M.
Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) is inhibitory for breast epithelial cells in vitro and treatment of breast cancer cell lines with tamoxifen results in a rise in TGF-beta 1 mRNA...
Overexpression of the p53 protein and allele loss at 17p13 in ovarian carcinoma.
Eccles, D. M., Brett, L., Lessells, A., Gruber, L., Lane, D., Steel, C. M., ...
Mouse monoclonal antibodies PAb 240 and PAb 1801 which specifically immunoprecipitate p53 protein, were used to examine 27 fresh ovarian tumours (16 serous adenocarcinomas, six endometrioid...
Constitutional p53 mutation in a non-Li-Fraumeni cancer family.
Prosser, J., Porter, D., Coles, C., Condie, A., Thompson, A. M., Chetty, U., ...
Wyllie, A. H., Rose, K. A., Morris, R. G., Steel, C. M., Foster, E., Spandidos, D. A.
The effects of expression of human c-myc and both mutated (T24) and normal forms of human Ha-ras-1 were studied in an aneuploid rat fibroblast line (208F). Mutated T24 Ha-ras was also studied in a...
Cytoplasmic receptor levels and glucocorticoid response in human lymphoblastoid cell lines.
Bird, C. C., Waddell, A. W., Robertson, A. M., Currie, A. R., Steel, C. M., Evans, J.
The cytolethal response to treatment with prednisolone was investigated in vitro in eight human lymphoblastoid cell lines containing varying concentrations of specific cytoplasmic glucocorticoid...
Chromosome 11 allele imbalance and clinicopathological correlates in ovarian tumours.
Gabra, H., Taylor, L., Cohen, B. B., Lessels, A., Eccles, D. M., Leonard, R. C., ...
Allele imbalance on chromosome 11 loci in ovarian cancer is a frequent event, suggesting the presence of tumour-suppressor genes for ovarian carcinogenesis on this chromosome. Ten highly polymorphic...
Devlin, J., Elder, P. A., Gabra, H., Steel, C. M., Knowles, M. A.
We have screened 33 ovarian tumours of various grades and stages for the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of markers on chromosome 9. LOH was detected in 26 cases (79%). Eleven tumours (33%) showed LOH...
The use of videotaped information in cancer genetic counselling: a randomized evaluation study.
Cull, A., Miller, H., Porterfield, T., Mackay, J., Anderson, E. D., Steel, C. M., ...
A video of introductory information about inherited susceptibility to breast cancer was made in consultation with clinicians in four Scottish cancer family clinics. One hundred and twenty-eight...
Thompson, A. M., Crichton, D. N., Elton, R. A., Clay, M. F., Chetty, U., Steel, C. M.
Molecular and immunohistochemical studies of genetic events on chromosome 17p were prospectively compared with conventional clinical and pathological parameters and disease behaviour at a minimum of...
PS2 mRNA expression adds prognostic information to node status for 6-year survival in breast cancer.
Thompson, A. M., Elton, R. A., Hawkins, R. A., Chetty, U., Steel, C. M.
Expression of pS2, an oestrogen-regulated gene, has been associated with a good short-term prognosis and response to endocrine therapy. The aim of this study was to determine whether expression of...
Mackay, J., Elder, P. A., Porteous, D. J., Steel, C. M., Hawkins, R. A., Going, J. J., ...
In a study of DNAs from 100 breast cancer patients and 100 controls, there were no differences in the frequencies of common or rare alleles at the Harvey ras (c-Ha-ras) locus on chromosome 11....
Evidence of a founder BRCA1 mutation in Scotland
Liede, A, Cohen, B, Black, D M, Davidson, R H, Renwick, A, Hoodfar, E, ...
BRCA1 mutations have been identified in breast and ovarian cancer families from diverse ethnic backgrounds. We studied 17 different families with the BRCA1 2800delAA mutation; seven were ascertained...
Cancer risk perceptions and distress among women attending a familial ovarian cancer clinic
Cull, A, Fry, A, Rush, R, Steel, C M
Of 230 women referred to a familial ovarian cancer clinic, 196 (85%) completed a questionnaire before they attended. The data collected included pre-counselling risk perceptions and an assessment of...
A polymorphism in the CYP17 gene is associated with male breast cancer
Young, I E, Kurian, K M, Annink, C, Kunkler, I H, Anderson, V A, Cohen, B B, ...
The CYP17 gene codes for the cytochrome P450c17α enzyme that is involved in the synthesis of oestrogens. This case-control study from the South East of Scotland shows that a polymorphism of the...
A polymorphic tetranucleotide repeat in the CYP19 gene and male breast cancer
Young, I E, Kurian, K M, MacKenzie, M A F, Kunkler, I H, Cohen, B B, Hooper, M L, ...
The CYP19 gene codes for the aromatase enzyme that is involved in the synthesis of oestrogens. This case–control study examines the relationship between a tetranucleotide repeat sequence in the...
Riches, A C, Bryant, P E, Steel, C M, Gleig, A, Robertson, A J, Preece, P E, ...
A substantial proportion of women with breast cancer exhibit an abnormally high radiosensitivity as measured by the frequency of chromatid breaks induced in G2-phase, PHA stimulated lymphocytes....