Clive Osmond

Growth trajectories and intellectual abilities in young adultlhood: The Helsinki Birth Cohort Study (2009)

Räikkönen, Katri, Forsén, Tom, Henriksson, Markus, Kajantie, Eero, Heinonen, Kati, Pesonen, Anu-Katriina, ...

Slow childhood growth is associated with poorer intellectual ability. The critical periods of growth remain uncertain. Among 2,786 Finnish male military conscripts (1952–1972) born in 1934–1944,...

The association of hypothalamic-pituitary-adreanal-axis activity and blood pressure in an Afro-Caribbean population (2009)

Boyne, Michael S., Woollard, Alexander, Phillips, David I.W., Taylor-Bryan, Carolyn, Bennett, Franklyn I., Osmond, Clive, ...

Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic—pituitary—adrenal axi (HPAA) resulting fromfetal programming may play a role in the development of high blood pressure (BP) in black people. We assessed the...

Intergenerational effect of weight gain in childhood on offspring birthweight (2009)

Horta, Bernardo L., Gigante, Denise P., Osmond, Clive, Barros, Fernando C., Victoria, Cesar G.

Background: some studies suggest that weight gain in childhood may increase the risk of chronic diseases in adulthood, and recent studies have noticed that the timing of weight gain may be related to...

Pre-eclampsia is associated with increased risk of stroke in the adult offspring: the Helsinki birth cohort (2009)

Kajantie, Eero, Eriksson, Johan G., Osmond, Clive, Thornburg, Kent, Barker, David J.P.

Background and Purpose: women who develop pre-eclampsia in pregnancy are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The offspring from pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia have higher blood...

Impact of glucose metabolism and birth size on cognitive performance in elderly subjects (2009)

Paile-Hyvärinen, Maria, Räikkönen, Katri, Kajantie, Eero, Darby, David, Ylihärsilä, Hilkka, Salonen, Minna K., ...

Aims: We aimed to investigate the impact of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance on cognitive performance and to explore the association between birth weight and cognitive performance among...

Duration of breast-feeding and adiposity in adult life (2009)

O'Tierney, Perrie F., Barker, David J.P., Osmond, Clive, Kajantie, Eero, Eriksson, Johan G.

Few studies have examined whether the duration of breast-feeding is associated with BMI in adult life. In the past, the heights and weights of infants and the duration of breast-feeding were...

Role of Socioeconomic Indicators on Development of Obesity from a Life Course Perspective (2009)

Minna K. Salonen, Eero Kajantie, Clive Osmond, Tom Forsén, Hilkka Ylihärsilä, Maria Paile-Hyvärinen, ...

Aims. Development of obesity is modified by several factors, including socioeconomic ones. We studied the importance of socioeconomic indicators on the development of obesity from a life course...

Role of Socioeconomic Indicators on Development of Obesity from a Life Course Perspective (2009)

Minna K. Salonen, Eero Kajantie, Clive Osmond, Tom Forsén, Hilkka Ylihärsilä, Maria Paile-Hyvärinen, ...

Aims. Development of obesity is modified by several factors, including socioeconomic ones. We studied the importance of socioeconomic indicators on the development of obesity from a life course...

Growth Trajectories and Intellectual Abilities in Young Adulthood: The Helsinki Birth Cohort Study (2009)

Räikkönen, Katri, Forsén, Tom, Henriksson, Markus, Kajantie, Eero, Heinonen, Kati, Pesonen, Anu-Katriina, ...

Slow childhood growth is associated with poorer intellectual ability. The critical periods of growth remain uncertain. Among 2,786 Finnish male military conscripts (1952–1972) born in 1934–1944,...

Intergenerational effect of weight gain in childhood on offspring birthweight (2009)

Horta, Bernardo L, Gigante, Denise P, Osmond, Clive, Barros, Fernando C, Victora, Cesar G

Background Some studies suggest that weight gain in childhood may increase the risk of chronic diseases in adulthood, and recent studies have noticed that the timing of weight gain may be related to...

Cardiovascular health of Finnish war evacuees 60 years later (2009)

Alastalo, Hanna, Raikkonen, Katri, Pesonen, Anu-Katriina, Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J.P., Kajantie, Eero, ...

Background: early life experiences might have long-term effects on health. Aim: to assess prevalence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in later life among individuals exposed to traumatic...

Growth and chronic disease: findings in the Helsinki Birth Cohort (2009)

Barker, David J.P., Osmond, Clive, Kajantie, Eero, Eriksson, Johan G.

There is now clear evidence that the pace and pathway of early growth is a major risk factor for the development of a group of chronic diseases that include coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2...

Birth weight and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. (2008)

Whincup, Peter H, Kaye, Samantha J, Owen, Christopher G, Huxley, Rachel, Cook, Derek G, Anazawa, Sonoko, ...

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The Effects of the ACE Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion in Elderly People Are Modified by Birth Weight (2008)

Eero Kajantie, Anna Rautanen, Juha Kere, Sture Andersson, Hilkka Ylihärsilä, Clive Osmond, ...

The I allele of an insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) appears to be protective against the complications of type 2 diabetes. Low birth weight, a...

Sex-specific programming of cardiovascular physiology in children (2008)

Jones, Alexander, Beda, Alessandro, Osmond, Clive, Godfrey, Keith M., Simpson, David M., Phillips, David I.W.

Aims: Increasing evidence suggests that adverse prenatal environments, as indicated by low birth weight, cause long-term changes in cardiovascular physiology that predispose to circulatory disease....

Body size at birth and socio-economic status in childhood: implications for Cloninger's psychobiological model of temperament at age 60 (2008)

Lahti, Jari, Räikkönen, Katri, Heinonen, Kati, Pesonen, Anu-Katriina, Kajantie, Eero, Forsén, Tom, ...

Small birth size predicts various psychiatric outcomes, including depression. While biologically based temperamental traits may constitute a vulnerability factor for depression, the extent to which...

Body mass index during childhood and adult body composition in men and women aged 56-70y (2008)

Ylihärsilä, Hilkka, Kajantie, Eero, Osmond, Clive, Forsén, Tom, Barker, David J.P., Eriksson, Johan G.

BACKGROUND: The relation between the change in body mass index (BMI) through childhood and body composition in adult life is important because body composition is known to affect adult health....

Low protein diet fed exclusively during mouse oocyte maturation leads to behavioural and cardiovascular abnormalities in offspring (2008)

Watkins, Adam J., Wilkins, Adrian, Cunningham, Colm, Perry, V. Hugh, Seet, Meei J., Osmond, Clive, ...

Early embryonic development is known to be susceptible to maternal undernutrition, leading to a disease-related postnatal phenotype. To determine whether this sensitivity extended into oocyte...

Infant growth and hostility in adult life (2008)

Räikkönen, Katri, Pesonen, Anu-Katriina, Heinonen, Kati, Lahti, Jari, Kajantie, Eero, Forsén, Tom, ...

OBJECTIVE: Hostility may confer a risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, but why is uncertain. A common origin in suboptimal fetal and early postnatal life may lie beneath. This...

Adaptive responses by mouse early embryos to maternal diet protect fetal growth but predispose to adult onset disease (2008)

Watkins, Adam J., Ursell, Elizabeth, Panton, Rose, Papenbrock, Thomas, Hollis, Lisa, Cunningham, Colm, ...

Poor maternal nutrition during pregnancy can alter postnatal phenotype and increase susceptibility to adult cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, underlying mechanisms are largely unknown....

Growth before 2 years of age and serum lipids 60 years later: the Helsinki Birth Cohort study (2008)

Kajantie, Eero, Barker, David J.P., Osmond, Clive, Forsen, Tom, Eriksson, Johan G.

BACKGROUND: Small body size at birth and slow growth during the first 2 years after birth, leading to low body mass index (BMI) at 2 years, are associated with coronary heart disease and stroke in...

Sex-specific programming of cardiovascular physiology in children (2008)

Jones, Alexander, Beda, Alessandro, Osmond, Clive, Godfrey, Keith M., Simpson, David M., Phillips, David I.W.

Aims Increasing evidence suggests that adverse prenatal environments, as indicated by low birth weight, cause long-term changes in cardiovascular physiology that predispose to circulatory disease....

Increased reproductive success of women after prenatal undernutrition (2008)

Painter, Rebecca C., Westendorp, Rudi G.J., De Rooij, Susanne R., Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J.P., Roseboom, Tessa J.

BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine is associated with an increased risk of chronic degenerative disease. We now investigate whether prenatal famine exposure affected reproductive...

Growth before 2 years of age and serum lipids 60 years later: The Helsinki Birth Cohort Study (2008)

Kajantie, Eero, Barker, David J P, Osmond, Clive, Forsén, Tom, Eriksson, Johan G

Background Small body size at birth and slow growth during the first 2 years after birth, leading to low body mass index (BMI) at 2 years, are associated with coronary heart disease and stroke in...

Maternal low protein diet restricted to the preimplantation period induces a gender-specific change on hepatic gene expression in rat fetuses (2007)

Kwong, Wing Yee, Miller, Daniel J., Wilkins, Adrian P., Dear, Mark S., Wright, J. Neville, Osmond, Clive, ...

It has been shown previously that maternal low protein diet (LPD) throughout rat gestation altered hepatic gene expression and enzyme activities in offspring. Here, we investigate the effect of...

Effect of administration of intestinal anthelmintic drugs on haemoglobin: systematic review of randomised controlled trials (2007)

Gulani, Anjana, Nagpal, Jitender, Osmond, Clive, Sachdev, H.P.S.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of routine administration of intestinal anthelmintic drugs on haemoglobin. Design: Systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Data sources: Electronic...

Mouse embryo culture induces changes in postnatal phenotype including raised systolic blood pressure (2007)

Watkins, Adam J., Platt, Duncan, Papenbrock, Tom, Wilkins, Adrian, Eckert, Judith J., Yee Kwong, Wing, ...

A key factor in the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) for diverse species is the safety of procedures for long-term health. By using a mouse model, we have investigated the effect of in...

Size at birth and autonomic function during psychological stress (2007)

Jones, Alexander, Beda, Alessandro, Ward, Alexandra M.V., Osmond, Clive, Phillips, David I.W., Moore, Vivienne M., ...

Small size at birth is associated with exaggerated blood pressure responses to psychological stressors, which increase the risk of developing sustained hypertension in adult life. Explanatory...

Maternal nutrition during gestation and carotid arterial compliance in the adult offspring: the Dutch famine birth cohort (2007)

Painter, Rebecca C., De Rooij, Susanne R., Bossuyt, Patrick M., De Groot, Eric, Stok, Wim J., Osmond, Clive, ...

OBJECTIVE: Experimental evidence indicates that maternal undernutrition during gestation may program hypertension in the offspring. We investigated whether maternal undernutrition leads to increased...

Mouse embryo culture induces changes in postnatal phenotype including raised systolic blood pressure (2007)

Watkins, Adam J., Platt, Duncan, Papenbrock, Tom, Wilkins, Adrian, Eckert, Judith J., Kwong, Wing Yee, ...

A key factor in the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) for diverse species is the safety of procedures for long-term health. By using a mouse model, we have investigated the effect of in...

Infant growth and stroke in adult life: the Helsinki birth cohort study (2007)

Osmond, Clive, Kajantie, Eero, Forsén, Tom J., Eriksson, Johan G., Barker, David J.P.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: People who had low birth weight are at increased risk of stroke. Little is known about the effects of early postnatal growth on stroke risk. METHODS: We followed-up 12 439...

Maternal low protein diet restricted to the preimplantation period induces a gender-specific change on hepatic gene expression in rat fetuses (2007)

Kwong, Wing Yee, Miller, Daniel J., Wilkins, Adrian P., Dear, Mark S., Wright, J. Neville, Osmond, Clive, ...

It has been shown previously that maternal low protein diet (LPD) throughout rat gestation altered hepatic gene expression and enzyme activities in offspring. Here, we investigate the effect of...

Mouse embryo culture induces changes in postnatal phenotype including raised systolic blood pressure. (2007)

Watkins, Adam J., Platt, Duncan, Papenbrock, Tom, Wilkins, Adrian, Eckert, Judith J., Kwong, Wing Y., ...

A key factor in the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) for diverse species is the safety of procedures for long-term health. By using a mouse model, we have investigated the effect of in...

Childhood growth and hypertension in later life (2007)

Eriksson, Johan G., Forsen, Tom J., Kajantie, Eero, Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J.

Few studies have examined the effects of both prenatal and postnatal growth on hypertension. We report on hypertension in 2003 people aged 62 years who were randomly selected from the Helsinki birth...

Body size at birth predicts hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to psychosocial stress at age 60 to 70 years (2007)

Kajantie, Eero, Feldt, Kimmo, Raikkonen, Katri, Phillips, David I., Osmond, Clive, Heinonen, Kati, ...

Background: Studies in humans and animals have suggested intrauterine programming of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) function as an important mechanism in linking fetal life conditions...

Mouse embryo culture induces changes in postnatal phenotype including raised systolic blood pressure (2006)

Watkins, Adam J., Platt, Duncan, Papenbrock, Tom, Wilkins, Adrian, Eckert, Judith J., Kwong, Wing Yee, ...

A key factor in the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) for diverse species is the safety of procedures for long-term health. By using a mouse model, we have investigated the effect of in...

Cortisol responses to psychological stress in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine (2006)

De Rooij, Susanne R., Painter, Rebecca C., Phillips, David I.W., Osmond, Clive, Tanck, Michael W.T., Bossuyt, Patrick M.M., ...

Experimental studies in animals show that prenatal undernutrition leads to lifelong alterations in the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Some studies have shown associations...

Geographical variation in neonatal phenotype (2006)

Leary, Sam, Fall, Caroline, Osmond, Clive, Lovel, Hermione, Campbell, Doris, Eriksson, Johan, ...

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown associations between size and body proportions at birth and health outcomes throughout the life cycle, but there are few data on how neonatal phenotype varies in...

Geographical variation in relationships between parental body size and offspring phenotype at birth (2006)

Leary, Sam, Fall, Caroline, Osmond, Clive, Lovel, Hermione, Campbell, Doris, Eriksson, Johan, ...

BACKGROUND: Size and body proportions at birth are partly determined by maternal body composition, but most studies of mother-baby relationships have only considered the effects of maternal height...

Imprinted gene expression in the rat embryo-fetal axis is altered in response to periconceptional maternal low protein diet (2006)

Kwong, Wing Yee, Miller, Daniel J., Ursell, Elizabeth, Wild, Arthur E., Wilkins, Adrian P., Osmond, Clive, ...

In our previous study, we have shown that maternal low protein diet (LPD, 9% casein vs 18% casein control) fed exclusively during the rat preimplantation period (0-4.25 day postcoitum) induced low...

The influence of mouse Ped gene expression on postnatal development (2006)

Watkins, Adam, Wilkins, Adrian, Osmond, Clive, Warner, Carol M., Comiskey, Martina, Hanson, Mark, ...

The Ped (preimplantation embryo development) gene, whose product is Qa-2 protein, is correlated with a faster rate of preimplantation development (Ped fast phenotype) in mice that express Qa-2...

The influence of mouse Ped gene expression on postnatal development (2006)

Watkins, Adam, Wilkins, Adrian, Osmond, Clive, Warner, Carol M., Comiskey, Martina, Hanson, Mark, ...

The Ped (preimplantation embryo development) gene, whose product is Qa-2 protein, is correlated with a faster rate of preimplantation development (Ped fast phenotype) in mice that express Qa-2...

Imprinted gene expression in the rat embryo–fetal axis is altered in response to periconceptional maternal low protein diet (2006)

Kwong, Wing Yee, Miller, Daniel J, Ursell, Elizabeth, Wild, Arthur E., Wilkins, Adrian P., Osmond, Clive, ...

In our previous study, we have shown that maternal low protein diet (LPD, 9% casein vs 18% casein control) fed exclusively during the rat preimplantation period (0–4.25 day postcoitum) induced low...

The effects of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-2 gene on glucose/Insulin metabolism interact with prenatal exposure to famine (2006)

De Rooij, Susanne R., Painter, Rebecca C., Phillips, David I.W., Osmond, Clive, Tanck, Michael W.T., Defesche, Joep C., ...

OBJECTIVE: An adverse fetal environment may permanently modify the effects of specific genes on glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity. In the present study, we assessed a...

Impaired insulin secretion after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine (2006)

De Rooij, Susanne R., Painter, Rebecca C., Phillips, David I.W., Osmond, Clive, Michels, Robert P.J., Godsland, Ian F., ...

OBJECTIVE: We previously reported that people prenatally exposed to famine during the Dutch Hunger Winter of 1944-1945 have higher 2-h glucose concentrations after an oral glucose tolerance test in...

Fetal growth and the adrenocortical response to psychological stress (2006)

Jones, Alexander, Godfrey, Keith M., Wood, Peter, Osmond, Clive, Goulden, Peter, Phillips, David I.W.

Context: Experimental studies in animals show that adverse prenatal environments lead to lifelong alterations in the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis which mediates the stress...

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in adults who were prenatally exposed to the Dutch famine (2006)

De Rooij, Susanne R., Painter, Rebecca C., Phillips, David I., Osmond, Clive, Michels, Robert P., Bossuyt, Patrick M., ...

OBJECTIVE: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been proposed to be susceptible to fetal programming, the process by which an adverse fetal environment elicits permanent physiological...

Fetal growth and the adrenocortical response to psychological stress (2006)

Jones, Alexander, Godfrey, Keith M., Wood, Peter, Osmond, Clive, Goulden, Peter, Phillips, David I.

CONTEXT: Experimental studies in animals show that adverse prenatal environments lead to lifelong alterations in the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which mediates the stress...

Spontaneous hypothyroidism in adult women is predicted by small body size at birth and during childhood (2006)

Kajantie, Eero, Phillips, David I., Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J., Forsen, Tom, Eriksson, Johan G.

BACKGROUND: The relationships of early growth with coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes have received considerable attention. It is not known whether fetal or childhood growth is linked with...

Trajectories of growth among children who have coronary events as adults (2005)

Barker, David J.P., Osmond, Clive, Forsen, Tom J., Kajantie, Eero, Eriksson, Johan G.

Background: Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. It is uncertain how postnatal growth affects disease risk. Methods: We studied 8760 people born in Helsinki from 1934 through...

Anthropometric indicators of body composition in young adults: relation to size at birth and serial measurements of body mass index in childhood in the New Delhi birth cohort (2005)

Sachdev, Harshpal S., Fall, Caroline H.D., Osmond, Clive, Lakshmy, Ramakrishnan, Dey Biswas, Sushant K., Leary, Samantha D., ...

Background: South Asians have a muscle-thin but adipose body phenotype and high rates of obesity-related disease. Adult body composition may be predictable in early life. Objective: Anthropometric...

Association of HLA class I and class II polymorphisms with age-related macular degeneration (2005)

Goverdhan, Srini V., Howell, Martin W., Mullins, Robert F., Osmond, Clive, Hodgkins, Peter R., Self, James, ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether HLA genotypes are associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: HLA class I-A, -B, and -Cw and class II DRB1 and DQB1 principal allele groups were...

Association of HLA Class I and Class II polymorphisms with age-related macular degeneration (2005)

Goverdhan, Srini V., Howell, Martin W., Mullins, Robert F., Osmond, Clive, Hodgkins, Peter R., Self, James, ...

Purpose: To evaluate whether HLA genotypes are associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: HLA class I-A, -B, and -Cw and class II DRB1 and DQB1 principal allele groups were...

Size at birth as a predictor of mortality in adulthood: a follow-up of 350 000 person-years (2005)

Kajantie, Eero, Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J.P., Forsén, Tom, Phillips, David I.W., Eriksson, Johan G.

Background: Small body size at birth, as a marker of an adverse intrauterine environment, has recently emerged as an important risk factor for death from cardiovascular disease. Our aim was to study...

Microalbuminuria in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine (2005)

Painter, Rebecca C., Roseboom, Tessa J., Van Montfrans, Gert A., Bossuyt, Patrick M.M., Krediet, Raymond T., Osmond, Clive, ...

Maternal undernutrition during gestation is associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk factors in the offspring in adult life. The effect of famine exposure during different stages of...

Size at birth as a predictor of mortality in adulthood: a follow-up of 350 000 person-years (2005)

Kajantie, Eero, Osmond, Clive, Barker, David JP, Forsén, Tom, Phillips, David IW, Eriksson, Johan G

Background Small body size at birth, as a marker of an adverse intrauterine environment, has recently emerged as an important risk factor for death from cardiovascular disease. Our aim was to study...

Size at birth as a predictor of mortality in adulthood: a follow-up of 350 000 person-years (2005)

Kajantie, Eero, Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J. P., Forsén, Tom, Phillips, David I. W., Eriksson, Johan G.

Background Small body size at birth, as a marker of an adverse intrauterine environment, has recently emerged as an important risk factor for death from cardiovascular disease. Our aim was to study...

Relation of serial changes in childhood body-mass index to impaired glucose tolerance in young adulthood (2004)

Bhargava, Santosh K., Sachdev, Harshpal Singh, Fall, Caroline H.D., Osmond, Clive, Lakshmy, Ramakrishnan, Barker, David J.P., ...

Background: The risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increased in people who have low birth weights and who subsequently become obese as adults. Whether their obesity originates in childhood and, if...

The association of the K121Q polymorphism of the plasma cell glycoprotein-1 gene with type 2 diabetes and hypertension depends on size at birth (2004)

Kubaszek, Agata, Markkanen, Anu, Eriksson, Johan G., Forsen, Tom, Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J.P., ...

Birth weight and length serve as indicators of the intrauterine environment, and a small body size at birth is a predictor of type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Insulin is one of the growth factors...

Exercise protects against glucose intolerance in individuals with a small body size at birth (2004)

Eriksson, Johan G., Ylihärsilä, Hilkka, Forsén, Tom, Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J. P.

Background: Small body size at birth is a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether regular exercise is related to lower rates of glucose intolerance in individuals with a small body...

The infant growth of boys who later develop coronary heart disease (2004)

Forsen, Tom J., Eriksson, Johan G., Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J.P.

Background: The association between low birth-weight and coronary heart disease has been repeatedly shown. Only two previous studies have examined the effects of weight gain during infancy and later...

Size at birth, the metabolic syndrome and 24-h salivary cortisol profile (2004)

Kajantie, Eero, Eriksson, Johan, Osmond, Clive, Wood, Peter J., Forsén, Tom, Barker, David J. P., ...

Objective: Individual variation in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPAA) function has been suggested to be important in linking small size at birth with adult cardiovascular disease and its...

The effects of the ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in elderly people are modified by birth weight (2004)

Kajantie, Eero, Rautanen, Anna, Kere, Juha, Andersson, Sture, Yliharsila, Hilkka, Osmond, Clive, ...

The I allele of an insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) appears to be protective against the complications of type 2 diabetes. Low birth weight, a...

Pathways of infant and childhood growth that lead to type 2 diabetes (2003)

Eriksson, Johan G., Forsen, Tom J., Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J.P.

OBJECTIVE—Although a link between small body size at birth and later type 2 diabetes has been repeatedly documented, less is known about the associations between the disease and growth during...

Birthsize, gestational age and adrenal function in adult life: studies of dexamethasone suppression and ACTH1-24 stimulation (2003)

Kajantie, Eero, Eriksson, Johan, Barker, David J., Forsén, Tom, Osmond, Clive, Wood, Peter J., ...

OBJECTIVE: Several studies show that low birthweight is associated with long-term alterations in the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA). We recently reported that the...

The relationship among circulating insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF-binding proteins-1 and -2, and birth anthropometry: a prospective study (2003)

Boyne, Michael S., Thame, Minerva, Bennett, Franklyn I., Osmond, Clive, Miell, John P., Forrester, Terrence E.

Fetal IGF-I is a determinant of birth weight, but whether maternal IGF-I plays a significant role is controversial. We sought to examine the relationships among maternal IGF-I, IGF-binding protein...

Interactions between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gene polymorphism and birth length influence risk for type 2 diabetes (2003)

Eriksson, Johan G., Osmond, Clive, Lindi, Virpi, Uusitupa, Matti, Forsen, Tom, Laakso, Markku, ...

Type 2 diabetes has previously been shown to be associated with a small body size at birth, which is considered an indicator of the intrauterine environment. This inverse association has been...

Self-perpetuating effects of birth size on blood pressure levels in elderly people (2003)

Ylihärsilä, Hilkka, Eriksson, Johan G., Forsén, Tom, Kajantie, Ereo, Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J.P.

It has been suggested that essential hypertension is determined by 2 separate mechanisms: a growth-promoting process in childhood and a self-perpetuating mechanism in adult life. We report a clinical...

Serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding protein-1 in elderly people: relationships with cardiovascular risk factors, body composition, size at birth, and childhood growth (2003)

Kajantie, Eero, Fall, Caroline H., Seppala, Markku, Koistinen, Riita, Dunkel, Leo, Yliharsila, Hilkka, ...

The IGF system is important in regulation of fetal and childhood growth. In later life, IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis. They...

Perceived health of adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine (2003)

Roseboom, Tessa J., Van Der Meulen, Jan H., Ravelli, Anita C., Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J.P., Bleker, Otto P.

People who were undernourished in early gestation are more obese, have a more atherogenic lipid profile, and altered blood coagulation and seem to have an increased risk of coronary heart disease. We...

Growth and living conditions in childhood and hypertension in adult life: a longitudinal study (2002)

Barker, David J.P., Forsen, Tom, Eriksson, Johan G., Osmond, Clive

Objectives : To examine the interplay between childhood growth and living conditions in the development of hypertension. Design : A longitudinal study of people whose growth between birth and 12...

Is birthweight associated with thyroid autoimmunity? A study in twins (2002)

Phillips, David I.W., Osmond, Clive, Baird, Janis, Huckle, Alison, Rees-Smith, Bernard

Although extensive studies have suggested that an individual's predisposition to develop autoantibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin (TgAb) has a genetic component, a recent report...

Size at birth, gestational age and cortisol secretion in adult life: foetal programming of both hyper- and hypocortisolism? (2002)

Kajantie, Eero, Phillips, David I.W., Andersson, Sture, Barker, David J.P., Dunkel, Leo, Forsen, Tom, ...

Objective: Recent studies have suggested that lifelong programming of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in utero is an important mechanism in explaining the link between small size at...

The effects of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 gene on insulin sensitivity and insulin metabolism interact with size at birth (2002)

Eriksson, Johan G., Lindi, Virpi, Uusitupa, Matti, Forsen, Tom J., Laakso, Markku, Osmond, Clive, ...

Type 2 diabetes is known to be associated with a small body size at birth. Body size at birth is an indicator of the intrauterine environment. There is also a well-established association between the...

Association of schizophrenia with low maternal body mass index, small size at birth, and thinness during childhood (2001)

Wahlbeck, Kristian, Forsén, Tom, Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J.P., Eriksson, Johan G.

Background: Nutritional factors in early life may contribute to the neurodevelopmental deficit in schizophrenia. This study explores the influence of maternal body size, size at birth, and childhood...

Effects of prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine on adult disease in later life: an overview (2001)

Roseboom, Tessa J., Ravelli, Anita C.J., Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J.P., Bleker, Otto P.

Chronic diseases are the main public health problem in Western countries. There are indications that these diseases originate in the womb. It is thought that undernutrition of the fetus during...

Maternal nutrition during gestation and blood pressure in later life (2001)

Roseboom, Tessa J., Van Montfrans, Gert A., Ravelli, Anita C., Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J.P., ...

Objective: To assess the link between maternal diet during pregnancy and blood pressure of the offspring. Design: Follow-up study. Setting: A university hospital in Amsterdam, The Netherlands....

Birth weight and the risk of depressive disorder in late life (2001)

Thompson, Christopher, Syddall, Holly, Rodin, Ian, Osmond, Clive, Barker, David J.P.

Background: Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease, diabetes, stroke and hypertension. Depression is highly associated with these conditions. Aims: To examine the association...

The role of the intrauterine environment in the later development of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome (2001)

Ozanne, Susan Elizabeth, Osmond, Clive, Hales, Charles Nicholas

Links between indices of poor fetal growth and either adult type 2 diabetes, the metabolic syndrome, or both are reproducible in many studies and many ethnic groups. It has been proposed that genetic...

Trends in Epilepsy Mortality in England and Wales and the United States, 1950-1994 (2000)

O'Callaghan, Finbar J. K., Osmond, Clive, Martyn, Christopher N.

The aim of this study was to analyze time trends in epilepsy mortality in England and Wales and the United States between 1950 and 1994. The authors calculated age- and sex-specific epilepsy...

Are rates of ageing determined in utero? (1998)

SAYER, AVAN AIHIE, COOPER, CYRUS, EVANS, JENNIFER R., RAUF, ABDUL, WORMALD, RICHARD P. L, OSMOND, CLIVE, ...

Background: epidemiological studies have shown that poor early growth is associated with cardiovascular and other degenerative diseases. This has been explained by programming, whereby undernutrition...

Relationships between the uterine environment and maternal plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 and placental protein 14 inearly pregnancy (1995)

Wheeler, Timothy, Chard, Timothy, Anthony, Frederick, Osmond, Clive

Blood was obtained from 218 women between 6 and 13 weeks of gestation. Measurements of serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and placental protein 14 (PP14) concentrations were...

Coronary heart disease mortality trends in England and Wales, 1952-1991 (1995)

Osmond, Clive

Background The ‘programming’ hypothesis for the causation of heart disease suggests that there are critical periods of development in early life during which a stimulus or insult has permanent...

Iodine Supplementation with Oral or Intramuscular Iodized Oil. A Two-Year Follow-up of a Comparative Trial (1989)

PHILLIPS, DAVID I W, OSMOND, CLIVE

Phillips D I W (Department of Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF4 4XN, UK) and Osmond C. Iodine supplementation with oral or intramuscular iodized oil. A...

Using Age, Period and Cohort Models to Estimate Future Mortality Rates (1985)

OSMOND, CLIVE

Osmond C (MRC Environmental Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospiti Southampton SO9 4XY). Using age, period and cohort models to estimate future mortality rates....

The influence of mouse Ped gene expression on postnatal development

Watkins, Adam, Wilkins, Adrian, Osmond, Clive, Warner, Carol M, Comiskey, Martina, Hanson, Mark, ...

The Ped (preimplantation embryo development) gene, whose product is Qa-2 protein, is correlated with a faster rate of preimplantation development (Ped fast phenotype) in mice that express Qa-2...

Mouse embryo culture induces changes in postnatal phenotype including raised systolic blood pressure

Watkins, Adam J., Platt, Duncan, Papenbrock, Tom, Wilkins, Adrian, Eckert, Judith J., Kwong, Wing Yee, ...

A key factor in the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) for diverse species is the safety of procedures for long-term health. By using a mouse model, we have investigated the effect of in...

Low protein diet fed exclusively during mouse oocyte maturation leads to behavioural and cardiovascular abnormalities in offspring

Watkins, Adam J, Wilkins, Adrian, Cunningham, Colm, Perry, V Hugh, Seet, Meei J, Osmond, Clive, ...

Early embryonic development is known to be susceptible to maternal undernutrition, leading to a disease-related postnatal phenotype. To determine whether this sensitivity extended into oocyte...

Intergenerational effect of weight gain in childhood on offspring birthweight

Horta, Bernardo L, Gigante, Denise P, Osmond, Clive, Barros, Fernando C, Victora, Cesar G

Background Some studies suggest that weight gain in childhood may increase the risk of chronic diseases in adulthood, and recent studies have noticed that the timing of weight gain may be related to...