Daniel Kaufmann

PRIVATIZATION AND CORRUPTION IN THE TRANSITION (2008)

Daniel Kaufmann, Paul Siegelbaum

“If you think privatization is corrupt, try without it.”

Security (2008)

Andreas Steffen, Daniel Kaufmann, Andreas Stricker

Abstract: Ubiquitous worldwide broadband Internet access as well the coming of age of VoIP technology have made Voice-over-IP an increasingly attractive and useful network application. Currently the...

Governance Indicators: Where Are We, Where Should We Be Going? (2008)

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart

Progress in measuring governance is assessed using a simple framework that distinguishes between indicators that measure formal rules and indicators that measure the practical application or outcomes...

Governance Indicators: Where Are We, Where Should We Be Going? (2008)

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart

Progress in measuring governance is assessed using a simple framework that distinguishes between indicators that measure formal rules and indicators that measure the practical application or outcomes...

International Monetary Fund (2007)

Daniel Kaufmann, World Bank, Gil Mehrez, Sergio L. Schmukler

This paper investigates whether resident enterprise managers have an informational advantage about the countries where they work. We propose various ways of extracting information available to...

NBER, MIT, University of Maryland, and the AEA Meetings. The authors owe special thanks to Ajay Chhibber, (2007)

Jonathan Isham, Daniel Kaufmann, Angus Deaton, Paul Duane, Eduardo Engel, Stanley Fischer, ...

Using economic rates of return from World Bank-funded investments, we investigate how country characteristics and policies that influence aggregate performance affect investment productivity....

On Measuring Governance: Framing Issues for Debate (2007)

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart

This paper proposes three principles for users and producers of governance indicators that both summarize the challenges in measurement and suggest ways forward: (1) all governance indicators have...

Myths and Realities of Governance and Corruption (2005)

Kaufmann, Daniel

A number of popular notions and outright myths on governance and corruption are addressed in this chapter. We distinguish clearly between governance and anti-corruption, while probing the links...

Legal Corruption (2005)

Kaufmann, Daniel, Vicente, Pedro C.

We challenge the conventional definition of corruption as the abuse of public office for private gain, making a distinction between legal and illegal forms of corruption, and paying more attention to...

Transparenting Transparency: Intial Empirics and Policy Applications (2005)

Kaufmann, Daniel, Bellver, Ana

Major conceptual contributions of a number of Nobel-laureates in putting forth a framework linking the citizenry's right to know and access to information with development, have already had a major...

Measuring Governance Using Cross-Country Perceptions Data (2005)

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart, Mastruzzi, Massimo

This paper describes an ongoing project to measure governance using crosscountry perceptions data. The governance indicators measure six dimensions of governance and cover 209 countries and...

Corruption, Governance and Security: Challenges for the Rich Countries and the World (2004)

Kaufmann, Daniel

Traditionally, national governance and corruption challenges have been seen as: i) particularly daunting in the poorer countries, with the richer world viewed as exemplary; ii) anchored within a...

An Empirical Exploration into Global Determinants of Urban Performance (2004)

Daniel Kaufmann, Frannie Léautier, Massimo Mastruzzi

We contribute to the field of urban governance and globalization through an empirically-based exploration of determinants of performance of cities. We construct a preliminary worldwide database for...

Governance Matters III: Governance Indicators for 1996, 1998, 2000, and 2002 (2004)

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart, Mastruzzi, Massimo

Six dimensions of governance are estimated covering 199 countries and territories for four periods: 1996, 1998, 2000, and 2002. The indicators are based on several hundred individual variables...

Governance Redux: The Empirical Challenge (2003)

Kaufmann, Daniel

Building from the 2002/03 contribution to the Global Competitiveness Report ("Governance Crossroads"), this paper argues that governance continues to be at a crossroad, its underperformance being...

Governance Matters III: Governance Indicators for 1996-2002”. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 2196 (2003)

Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay, Massimo Mastruzzi

Draft for Comment. Abstract. This paper presents estimates of six dimensions of governance covering 199

Rethinking Governance: Empirical Lessons Challenge Orthodoxy. Available at: http://www.worldbank.org/wbi/governance/pubs/rethink_gov.html (2003)

Daniel Kaufmann, The World Bank

Abstract: In this discussion draft, linking research findings with concrete operational challenges, we review key issues in worldwide governance, and present recent empirical evidence. Focusing on...

The Firms Speak: What the World Business Environment Survey Tells Us about Constraints on Private Sector Development (2003)

Kaufmann, Daniel, Batra, Geeta, Stone, Andrew H. W.

This chapter summarizes the salient results of the World Business Environment Survey (WBES). It shows that important dimensions of the climate for business operation and investment can be measured,...

Growth without Governance (2002)

Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay

Abstract: Per capita incomes and the quality of governance are strongly positively correlated across countries. We propose an empirical strategy that allows us to separate this correlation into: i) a...

Growth without Governance (2002)

Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay, Joel Hellman, Daniel Lederman, Guillermo Perry

Abstract: Per capita incomes and the quality of governance are strongly positively correlated across countries. We propose an empirical strategy that allows us to separate this correlation into: i) a...

Governance Matters II: Updated Indicators for 2000/01." World Bank Policy Research Working Papers (2002)

Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay, Pablo Zoido-lobatón

Abstract This paper reports aggregate governance indicators for six dimensions of governance, covering 175 countries in 2000/01. We apply the methodology developed in Kaufmann, Kraay and...

Toward Transparency: New Approaches and Their Application to (2001)

Tara Vishwanath, Daniel Kaufmann

The Asian financial crisis in the late 1990s not only highlighted the welfare consequences of transparency in the financial sector but also linked this relatively narrow problem to the broader...

Toward Transparency: New Approaches and Their Application to Financial Markets (2001)

Vishwanath, Tara, Kaufmann, Daniel

The Asian financial crisis in the late 1990s not only highlighted the welfare consequences of transparency in the financial sector but also linked this relatively narrow problem to the broader...

Measuring governance, corruption, and state capture: how firms and bureaucrats shape the business environment in transition economies (2000)

Hellman, Joel S., Jones, Geraint, Kaufmann, Daniel, Schankerman, Mark

As a symptom of fundamental institutional weaknesses, corruption needs to be viewed within a broader governance framework. It thrives where the state is unable to reign over its bureaucracy, to...

Measuring governance, corruption, and state capture: how firms and bureaucrats shape the business environment in transition economies (2000)

Hellman, Joel S., Jones, Geraint, Kaufmann, Daniel, Schankerman, Mark

As a symptom of fundamental institutional weaknesses, corruption needs to be viewed within a broader governance framework. It thrives where the state is unable to reign over its bureaucracy, to...

Barter in Transition Economies: Competing Explanations Confront Ukranian Data (2000)

Marin, Dalia, Kaufmann, Daniel, Gorochowskij, Bogdan

In this paper we survey the common explanations of barter in transition economies and expose them to detailed survey data on 165 barter deals in Ukraine in 1997. The evidence does not support the...

Barter in Transition Economies: Competing Explanations Confront Ukrainian Data (2000)

Marin, Dalia, Kaufmann, Daniel, Gorochowskij, Bogdan

In this paper we survey the common explanations of barter in transition economies and expose them to detailed survey data on 165 barter deals in Ukraine in 1997. The evidence does not support the...

Does Grease Money Speed up the Wheels of Commerce?" Policy Research Working (1999)

Daniel Kaufmann, Shang-jin Wei

In an environment in which bureaucratic burden and delay are exogenous, an individual firm may find bribe helpful to reduce the beaucratic red tape it faces. The “efficient grease” hypothesis...

Predicting Currency Fluctuations and Crises: (1999)

Do Resident Firms, Daniel Kaufmann, Gil Mehrez, Sergio Schmukler

This paper investigates whether resident enterprise managers have an informational advantage about the countries they work on. We propose a method for extracting information available to resident...

Does 'Grease Money' Speed Up the Wheels of Commerce? (1999)

Kaufmann, Daniel, Wei, Shang-Jin

In an environment in which bureaucratic burden and delay are exogenous, an individual firm may find bribes helpful to reduce the effective red tape it faces. The “efficient grease” hypothesis...

Social Networks in Transition (1997)

Barberia, Lorena, Johnson, Simon, Kaufmann, Daniel

Inter-household transfers in Russia, Ukraine, and Latvia to provide an important supplement to individual incomes. These transfers are as high as in many developing countries. Transfers are from...

O’Connell: “The Macroeconomics of Delayed Exchange Rate Unification” in M. Kiguel et al. Eds., Parallel Exchange Rates in Developing Countries (1997)

Daniel Kaufmann, Stephen A. O’connell

Parallel exchange rate markets have often been dismissed by authorities as a nuisance or as the domain of a small group of economic saboteurs. Taking Tanzania as a case study, we argue instead that...

Civil Liberties, Democracy, and the Performance of Government Projects (1997)

Isham, Jonathan, Kaufmann, Daniel, Pritchett, Lant H.

This article uses a cross-national data set on the performance of government investment projects financed by the World Bank to examine the link between government efficacy and governance. It...

Predicting currency fluctuations and crises - do resident firms have an informational advantage?

Kaufmann, Daniel, Mehrez, Gil, Schmukler, Sergio

The authors investigate whether resident enterprise managers have an informational advantage about the countries in which they work. They propose a method for extracting information available to...

Barter in Transition Economies: Competing Explanations Confront Ukranian Data

Dalia Marin, Daniel Kaufmann, Bogdan Gorochowskij

In this paper we survey the common explanations of barter in transition economies and expose them to detailed survey data on 165 barter deals in Ukraine in 1997. The evidence does not support the...

Voice or Public Sector Management? An Empirical Investigation of Determinants of Public Sector Performance based on a Survey of Public Officials

Daniel Kaufmann, Gil Mehrez, Tugrul Gurgur

Drawing on an in-depth governance micro-survey of public officials within a country, we address empirically the question of the relative importance of the various determinants of governance. We...

Governance matters II - updated indicators for 2000-01

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart, Zoido-Lobaton, Pablo

The authors construct aggregate governance indicators for six dimensions of governance, covering 175 countries in 2000-01. They apply the methodology developed in Kaufmann, Kraay, and Zoido-Lobaton...

Integrating the unofficial economy into the dynamics of post-socialist economies : a framework of analysis and evidence

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kaliberda, Aleksander

Over a third of economic activity in theformer Soviet countries was estimated to occur in the unofficial economy by the mid-1990s; in Central and Eastern Europe, the average is close to one-quarter....

Governance matters

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart, Zoido-Lobaton, Pablo

In a cross-section of more than 150 countries, the authors provide new empirical evidence of a strong causal relationship from better governance to better development outcomes. They base their...

Transparency, liberalization, and banking crisis

Mehrez, Gil, Kaufmann, Daniel

The authors investigate how transparency affects the probability of a financial crisis. They construct a model in which banks cannot distinguish between aggregate shocks and government policy, on the...

The forgotten rationale for policy reform : the productivity of investment projects

Isham, Jonathan, Kaufmann,Daniel

Using economic rates of return from more than 1,200 public and private sector projects implemented in 61 developing countries, the authors analyze determinants of investment productivity. Results...

Governance and returns on investment : an empirical investigation

Isham, Jonathan, Kaufmann, Daniel, Pritchett, Lant

Using data from the World Bank's Operations Evaluation Department, the authors examine the link between the performance of Bank-financed projects and various indicators of country governance. They...

Governance Matters III: Governance Indicators for 1996, 1998, 2000, and 2002

Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay, Massimo Mastruzzi

Six dimensions of governance are estimated covering 199 countries and territories for four periods: 1996, 1998, 2000, and 2002. The indicators are based on several hundred individual variables...

Aggregating governance indicators

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart, Zoido-Lobaton, Pablo

In recent years the growing interest of academics and policymakers in governance has been reflected in the proliferation of cross-country indices measuring various aspects of governance. The authors...

Governance matters V: aggregate and individual governance indicators for 1996 - 2005

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart, Mastruzzi, Massimo

The authors report on the latest version of the worldwide governance indicators, covering 213 countries and territories and measuring six dimensions of governance from 1996 until end-2005: voice and...

The worldwide governance indicators project : answering the critics

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart, Mastruzzi, Massimo

The Worldwide Governance Indicators, reporting estimates of six dimensions of governance for over 200 countries between 1996 and 2005, have become widely used among policymakers and academics. They...

Governance Matters VI: Aggregate and Individual Governance Indicators, 1996-2006

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart, Mastruzzi, Massimo

This paper reports on the latest update of the Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) research project covering 212 countries and territories and measuring six dimensions of governance between 1996...

Governance indicators : where are we, where should we be going ?

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart

Scholars, policymakers, aid donors, and aid recipients acknowledge the importance of good governance for development. This understanding has spurred an intense interest in more refined, nuanced, and...

The macroeconomics of delayed exchange-rate unification : theory and evidence from Tanzania

Kaufmann, Daniel, O'Connell, Stephen A.

Parallel exchange-rate markets have often been dismissed by authorities as a nuisance or as the domain of a small group of economic saboteurs. Using Tanzania as a case study, the authors argue...

Corruption, public finances, and the unofficial economy

Johnson, Simon, Kaufmann, Daniel, Zoido-Lobaton, Pablo

The authors found that, in post-communist economies, the unofficial economy's share of GDP is determined by the extent of control rights held by bureaucrats and politicians. Exploring in detail the...

Measuring governance, corruption, and State capture - how firms and bureaucrats shape the business environment in transition economies

Hellman, Joel S., Jones, Geraint, Kaufmann, Daniel, Schankerman, Mark

As a symptom of fundamental institutional weaknesses, corruption needs to be viewed within a broader governance framework. It thrives where the state is unable to reign over its bureaucracy, to...

"Seize the state, seize the day": state capture, corruption, and influence in transition

Hellman, Joel S., Jones, Geraint, Kaufmann, Daniel

The main challenge of the transition has been to redefine how the state interacts with firms, but little attention has been paid to the flip side of the relationship : how firms influence the state -...

Growth without governance

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart

It is well known that there is a strong positive correlation between per capita incomes and the quality of governance across countries. the authors propose an empirical strategy that allows...

Government matters III : governance indicators for 1996-2002

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart, Mastruzzi, Massimo

The authors present estimates of six dimensions of governance covering 199 countries and territories for four time periods: 1996, 1998, 2000, and 2002. These indicators are based on several hundred...

Governance matters IV : governance indicators for 1996-2004

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart, Mastruzzi, Massimo

The authors present the latest update of their aggregate governance indicators, together with new analysis of several issues related to the use of these measures. The governance indicators measure...

Governance and the city : an empirical exploration into global determinants of urban performance

Kaufmann, Daniel, Leautier, Frannie, Mastruzzi, Massimo

The authors contribute to the field of urban governance and globalization through an empirically-based exploration of determinants of the performance of cities. They construct a preliminary worldwide...

How does bribery affect public service delivery ? micro-evidence from service users and public officials in Peru

Kaufmann, Daniel, Montoriol-Garriga, Judit, Recanatini, Francesca

When seeking a public service, users may be required to pay in bribes more than the official price. Consequently, some users may be discouraged and choose not to seek a service due to the higher...

Barter in Transition Economies: Competing Explanations Confront Ukrainian Data

Marin, Dalia, Kaufmann, Daniel, Gorochowskij, Bogdan

In this paper we survey the common explanations of barter in transition economies and expose them to detailed survey data on 165 barter deals in Ukraine in 1997. The evidence does not support the...

Governance Matters III: Governance Indicators for 1996-2002

Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay, Massimo Mastruzzi

This paper presents estimates of six dimensions of governance covering 199 countries and territories for four time periods: 1996, 1998, 2000, and 2002. These indicators are based on several hundred...

Sustained Macroeconomic Reforms, Tepid Growth: A Governance Puzzle in Bolivia?

Daniel Kaufmann, Massimo Mastruzzi, Diego Zavaleta

We are increasingly cognizant of the limits to large cross-country empirical studies in trying to understand in-depth a particular country reality, in ways useful for advice. At the same time, merely...

Measuring Governance, Corruption and State Capture: How Firms and Bureaucrats Shape the Business Environment in Transition Economies

Joel S. Hellman, Geraint Jones, Daniel Kaufmann, Mark Schankerman

Recent studies have focussed on the characteristics and policies of the state to explain the extent and causes of corruption, with little attention paid to the role played by firms. Consequently, the...

The Inequality of Influence

Joel Hellman, Daniel Kaufmann

This paper develops a proxy measure of the inequality of influence on the basis of survey evidence from 2002 Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) conducted among 6,500 firms...

Far From Home: Do Foreign Investors Import Higher Standards of Governance in Transition Economies?

Joel S. Hellman, Geraint Jones, Daniel Kaufmann

Based on the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) of firms in transition countries, which unbundles corruption to measure different types of corrupt transactions and provide...

Governance Indicators, Aid Allocation, and the Millennium Challenge Account

Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay

Aid works best when it is directed to countries with relatively good institutions and policies. But how should good governance be measured, and how can aid allocation rules be designed in light of...

Why Do Firms Hide? Bribes and Unofficial Activity after Communism

Simon Johnson, Daniel Kaufmann, John McMillan, Christopher Woodruff

Our survey of private manufacturing firms finds the size of hidden ‘unofficial’ activity to be much larger in Russia and Ukraine than in Poland, Slovakia and Romania. A comparison of...

Corruption, Governance and Security: Challenges for the Rich Countries and the World

Daniel Kaufmann

Traditionally, national governance and corruption challenges have been seen as: i) particularly daunting in the poorer countries, with the richer world viewed as exemplary; ii) anchored within a...

Governance Redux: The Empirircal Challenge

Daniel Kaufmann

This paper is based on the governance chapter contribution to the 2003/04 Global Competitiveness Report (GCR). Building from the 2002/03 contribution to the GCR, it argues that governance continues...

Governance and the City: An Empirical Exploration into Global Determinants of Urban Performance

Daniel Kaufmann, Frannie Leautier, Massimo Mastruzzi

We contribute to the field of urban governance and globalization through an empirically-based exploration of determinants of performance of cities. We construct a preliminary worldwide database for...

Governance Matters III: Governance Indicators for 1996-2002

Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay, Massimo Mastruzzi

This paper presents estimates of six dimensions of governance covering 199 countries and territories for four time periods: 1996, 1998, 2000, and 2002. These indicators are based on several hundred...

Rethinking Governance: Empirical Lessons Challenge Orthodoxy

Daniel Kaufmann

In this discussion draft, linking research findings with concrete operational challenges, we review key issues in worldwide governance, and present recent empirical evidence. Focusing on defining and...

Transparency, Liberalization and Financial Crises

Gil Mehrez, Daniel Kaufmann

We investigate the effect of financial liberalization on the probability of a banking crises in economies with poor transparency We construct a model with imperfect information where banks cannot...

Towards Transparency in Finance and Governance

Tara Vishwanath, Daniel Kaufmann

The study of transparency is increasingly a more topical, broadly relevant, but also more under-researched enterprise. The Asian financial crisis has highlighted not only the welfare consequences of...

The Firms Speak: What the World Business Environment Survey Tells Us about Constraints on Private Sector Development

Geeta Batra, Daniel Kaufmann

This paper, a synthesis of salient findings of the authors’ book entitled “Investment Climate Around the World: Voices of the Firms from the World Business Environment Survey”, and based on a...

Barter In Transition Economies: Competing Explanations Confront Ukrainian Data

Gorochowskij, Bogdan, Kaufmann, Daniel, Marin, Dalia

In this paper we survey the common explanations of barter in transition economies and expose them to detailed survey data on 165 barter deals in Ukraine in 1997. The evidence does not support the...

The Forgotten Rationale For Policy Reform: The Productivity Of Investment Projects

Jonathan Isham, Daniel Kaufmann

Using economic rates of return from World Bank-funded investments, we investigate how country characteristics and policies that influence aggregate performance affect investment productivity....

Civil Liberties, Democracy, and the Performance of Government Projects.

Isham, Jonathan, Kaufmann, Daniel, Pritchett, Lant H

This article uses a cross-national data set on the performance of government investment projects financed by the World Bank to examine the link between government efficacy and governance. It...

Governance matters VII : aggregate and individual governance indicators 1996-2007

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart, Mastruzzi, Massimo

This paper reports on the latest update of the Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) research project, covering 212 countries and territories and measuring six dimensions of governance between 1996...

Does "Grease Money" Speed Up the Wheels of Commerce?

Daniel Kaufmann, Shang-Jin Wei

In an environment in which bureaucratic burden and delay are exogenous, an individual firm may find bribes helpful to reduce the effective red tape it faces. The efficient grease' hypothesis asserts...

Myths and Realities of Governance and Corruption

Kaufmann, Daniel

A number of popular notions and outright myths on governance and corruption are addressed in this chapter. We distinguish clearly between governance and anti-corruption, while probing the links...

Legal Corruption

Kaufmann, Daniel, Vicente, Pedro C.

We challenge the conventional definition of corruption as the abuse of public office for private gain, making a distinction between legal and illegal forms of corruption, and paying more attention to...

On Measuring Governance: Framing Issues for Debate

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart

This paper proposes three principles for users and producers of governance indicators that both summarize the challenges in measurement and suggest ways forward: (1) all governance indicators have...

Transparenting Transparency: Intial Empirics and Policy Applications

Kaufmann, Daniel, Bellver, Ana

Major conceptual contributions of a number of Nobel-laureates in putting forth a framework linking the citizenry's right to know and access to information with development, have already had a major...

Corruption, Governance and Security: Challenges for the Rich Countries and the World

Kaufmann, Daniel

Traditionally, national governance and corruption challenges have been seen as: i) particularly daunting in the poorer countries, with the richer world viewed as exemplary; ii) anchored within a...

Does 'Grease Money' Speed Up the Wheels of Commerce?

Kaufmann, Daniel, Wei, Shang-Jin

In an environment in which bureaucratic burden and delay are exogenous, an individual firm may find bribes helpful to reduce the effective red tape it faces. The “efficient grease” hypothesis...

Governance Redux: The Empirical Challenge

Kaufmann, Daniel

Building from the 2002/03 contribution to the Global Competitiveness Report ("Governance Crossroads"), this paper argues that governance continues to be at a crossroad, its underperformance being...

Governance Indicators: Where Are We, Where Should We Be Going?

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart

Progress in measuring governance is assessed using a simple framework that distinguishes between indicators that measure formal rules and indicators that measure the practical application or outcomes...

The Firms Speak: What the World Business Environment Survey Tells Us about Constraints on Private Sector Development

Kaufmann, Daniel, Batra, Geeta, Stone, Andrew H. W.

This chapter summarizes the salient results of the World Business Environment Survey (WBES). It shows that important dimensions of the climate for business operation and investment can be measured,...

Measuring Governance Using Cross-Country Perceptions Data

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart, Mastruzzi, Massimo

This paper describes an ongoing project to measure governance using crosscountry perceptions data. The governance indicators measure six dimensions of governance and cover 209 countries and...

Dodging the Grabbing Hand: The Determinants of Unofficial Activity in 69

Eric Friedman, Simon Johnson, Daniel Kaufmann, Pablo Zoido-Lobaton

Across 69 countries, higher tax rates are associated with less unofficial activity as a percent of GDP but corruption is associated with more unofficial activity. Entrepreneurs go underground not to...

Price-Setting Behaviour in Switzerland Evidence from CPI Micro Data

Kaufmann, Daniel

This paper investigates price-setting behaviour of firms based on the individual price quotes underlying the Swiss consumer price index. The data set covers the years from 1993 to 2005. Six main...

Governance Indicators: Where Are We, Where Should We Be Going?

Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay

Progress in measuring governance is assessed using a simple framework that distinguishes between indicators that measure formal rules and indicators that measure the practical application or outcomes...

Governance matters VIII : aggregate and individual governance indicators 1996-2008

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart, Mastruzzi, Massimo

This paper reports on the 2009 update of the Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) research project, covering 212 countries and territories and measuring six dimensions of governance between 1996 and...

The Price Setting Behaviour in Switzerland: Evidence from CPI Micro Data

Daniel Kaufmann

This paper investigates the price setting behaviour of firms based on the individual price quotes underlying the Swiss consumer price index. The data set covers the years from 1993 to 2005. Six main...