David Gunnell

Pattern of pesticide storage before pesticide self-poisoning in rural Sri Lanka (2009)

Mohamed, Fahim, Manuweera, Gamini, Gunnell, David, Azher, Shifa, Eddleston, Michael, Dawson, Andrew, ...

Abstract Background Deliberate self-poisoning with agricultural pesticides is the commonest means of suicide in rural Asia. It is mostly impulsive and facilitated by easy access to pesticides. The...

Supporting adolescent emotional health in schools: a mixed methods study of student and staff views in England (2009)

Kidger, Judi, Donovan, Jenny L, Biddle, Lucy, Campbell, Rona, Gunnell, David

Abstract Background Schools have been identified as an important place in which to support adolescent emotional health, although evidence as to which interventions are effective remains limited....

Improvement in Survival after Paraquat Ingestion Following Introduction of a New Formulation in Sri Lanka (2008)

Martin F. Wilks, Ravindra Fernando, P. L. Ariyananda, Michael Eddleston, David J. Berry, John A. Tomenson, ...

BackgroundPesticide ingestion is a common method of self-harm in the rural developing world. In an attempt to reduce the high case fatality seen with the herbicide paraquat, a novel formulation...

Simpson's Paradox, Lord's Paradox, and Suppression Effects are the same phenomenon – the reversal paradox (2008)

Tu, Yu-Kang, Gunnell, David, Gilthorpe, Mark S

Abstract This article discusses three statistical paradoxes that pervade epidemiological research: Simpson's paradox , Lord's paradox , and suppression . These paradoxes have important implications...

Association of Adult Body Mass Index and Height with Anxiety, Depression, and Suicide in the General Population: The HUNT Study (2008)

Bjerkeset, Ottar, Romundstad, Pål, Evans, Jonathan, Gunnell, David

A prospective cohort of 74,332 men and women was used to investigate the association of body mass index and height with suicide, anxiety, and depression. Participants in the Nord-Trøndelag Health...

Emerging Themes in BioMed Central Analytic perspective Simpson's Paradox, Lord's Paradox, and Suppression Effects are the same phenomenon – the reversal paradox (2008)

Yu-kang Tu, David Gunnell

© 2008 Tu et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

No effect of n - 3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (EPA and DHA) supplementation on depressed mood and cognitive function : a randomised controlled trial (2008)

Rogers, Peter, Appleton, Katherine, Kessler, David, Peters, Tim, Gunnell, David, Hayward, Robert, ...

Low dietary intakes of the n-3 long-chain PUFA (LCPUFA) EPA and DHA are thought to be associated with increased risk for a variety of adverse  outcomes, including some psychiatric disorders....

Improvement in survival after paraquat ingestion following introduction of a new formulation in Sri Lanka (2008)

Wilks, Martin F., Fernando, Ravindra, Ariyananda, P. L., Eddleston, Michael, Berry, David J., Tomenson, John A., ...

Background: Pesticide ingestion is a common method of self-harm in the rural developing world. In an attempt to reduce the high case fatality seen with the herbicide paraquat, a novel formulation...

The global distribution of fatal pesticide self-poisoning: Systematic review (2007)

Gunnell, David, Eddleston, Michael, Phillips, Michael R, Konradsen, Flemming

Abstract Background Evidence is accumulating that pesticide self-poisoning is one of the most commonly used methods of suicide worldwide, but the magnitude of the problem and the global distribution...

Age-related increases in DNA repair and antioxidant protection: A comparison of the Boyd Orr Cohort of elderly subjects with a younger population sample (2007)

Humphreys, Vikki, Martin, Richard M., Ratcliffe, Brian, Duthie, Susan, Wood, Sharon, Gunnell, David, ...

Background One commonly held theory of ageing is that it is caused by oxidative damage to critical molecules in the body, including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Accumulation of oxidative DNA...

Schizophrenia and Neural Tube Defects: Comparisons From an Epidemiological Perspective (2007)

Zammit, Stanley, Lewis, Sarah, Gunnell, David, Smith, George Davey

In this review, we examine and compare epidemiological studies of schizophrenia and neural tube defects (NTDs). Although there is no apparent link between these 2 disparate disorders in terms of...

Trends in admissions to hospital involving an assault using a knife or other sharp instrument, England, 1997-2005 (2007)

Maxwell, Roy, Trotter, Caroline, Verne, Julia, Brown, Paul, Gunnell, David

Objectives To investigate recent trends in in-patient admissions in England for assaults that involve a stabbing. Design and data source Time-series analysis of the NHS Health and Social Care...

Depressed mood and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake from fish: non-linear or confounded association? (2006)

Appleton, Katherine M., Peters, Tim J., Heatherley, Susan V., Hayward, Robert C., McNaughton, Sarah, Rogers, Peter J., ...

There is increasing evidence of an association between low dietary intake of essential n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 EFAs) and depressed mood. This study aimed to evaluate this...

Fetal Growth and Childhood Behavioral Problems: Results from the ALSPAC Cohort (2006)

Wiles, Nicola J., Peters, Tim J., Heron, Jon, Gunnell, David, Emond, Alan, Lewis, Glyn, ...

Using data on 4,813 children from the ALSPAC cohort in Bristol, United Kingdom, recontacted in 1998–1999, the authors investigated whether intrauterine growth restriction (indexed by birth weight...

Association of Body Mass Index with Suicide Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study of More than One Million Men (2006)

Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Rasmussen, Finn, Lawlor, Debbie A., Tynelius, Per, Gunnell, David

The authors investigated the association of body mass index (BMI) with suicide in a record linkage study based on the Swedish Military Service Conscription Register, the Population and Housing...

Schizophrenia and Neural Tube Defects: Comparisons From an Epidemiological Perspective (2006)

Zammit, Stanley, Lewis, Sarah, Gunnell, David, Smith, George Davey

In this review, we examine and compare epidemiological studies of schizophrenia and neural tube defects (NTDs). Although there is no apparent link between these 2 disparate disorders in terms of...

What influences diet in early old age? Prospective and cross-sectional analyses of the Boyd Orr cohort (2006)

Maynard, Maria, Gunnell, David, Ness, Andrew R., Abraham, Lucy, Bates, Chris J., Blane, David

Background: The aim of this study is to identify the socio-economic and health-related factors in childhood and later life associated with healthy eating in early old age. Methods: The study is based...

Depressed mood and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake from fish: non-linear or confounded association? (2006)

Appleton, Katherine M., Peters, Tim J., Heatherley, Susan V., Hayward, Robert C., McNaughton, Sarah, Rogers, Peter J., ...

There is increasing evidence of an association between low dietary intake of essential n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 EFAs) and depressed mood. This study aimed to evaluate this...

Association of Body Mass Index with Suicide Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study of More than One Million Men (2005)

Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Rasmussen, Finn, Lawlor, Debbie A., Tynelius, Per, Gunnell, David

The authors investigated the association of body mass index (BMI) with suicide in a record linkage study based on the Swedish Military Service Conscription Register, the Population and Housing...

The epidemiology and management of self-harm amongst adults in England (2005)

Gunnell, David, Bennewith, Olive, Peters, Tim J., House, Allan, Hawton, Keith

Background Previous research into the epidemiology and management of self-harm has been largely based in centres with a special interest in this behaviour or focused on hospital admissions only....

Breastfeeding in Infancy and Blood Pressure in Later Life: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2005)

Martin, Richard M., Gunnell, David, Davey Smith, George

The influence of breastfeeding on blood pressure in later life is uncertain. The authors conducted a systematic review of published studies from which estimates of a mean difference (standard error)...

The epidemiology and prevention of suicide by hanging: a systematic review (2005)

Gunnell, David, Bennewith, Olive, Hawton, Keith, Simkin, Sue, Kapur, Nav

Background Hanging is one of the most commonly used methods for suicide worldwide. In England and a number of other countries, its incidence has increased over the last 30 years. This review...

The epidemiology and prevention of suicide by hanging: a systematic review (2005)

Gunnell, David, Bennewith, Olive, Hawton, Keith, Simkin, Sue, Kapur, Nav

Background Hanging is one of the most commonly used methods for suicide worldwide. In England and a number of other countries, its incidence has increased over the last 30 years. This review...

Association of Body Mass Index with Suicide Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study of More than One Million Men (2005)

Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Rasmussen, Finn, Lawlor, Debbie A., Tynelius, Per, Gunnell, David

The authors investigated the association of body mass index (BMI) with suicide in a record linkage study based on the Swedish Military Service Conscription Register, the Population and Housing...

Variations in the hospital management of self harm in adults in England: observational study (2004)

Bennewith, Olive, Gunnell, David, Peters, Tim, Hawton, Keith, House, Allan

More than 140 000 people present to hospital after an episode of self harm each year in England and Wales.1 Improving the general hospital management of these people is a key area in preventing...

Variations in the hospital management of self harm in adults in England: observational study (2004)

Bennewith, Olive, Gunnell, David, Peters, Tim J, Hawton, Keith, House, Alan

More than 140 000 people present to hospital after an episode of self harm each year in England and Wales.1 Improving the general hospital management of these people is a key area in preventing...

Breastfeeding and cardiovascular mortality: the Boyd Orr cohort and a systematic review with meta-analysis (2004)

Martin, Richard M, Davey Smith, George, Mangtani, Punam, Tilling, Kate, Frankel, Stephen, Gunnell, David

Aims To investigate the association of breastfeeding with all-cause, cardiovascular, and ischaemic heart disease mortality. Methods and results A long-term follow-up of 4999 children originally...

The epidemiology and management of self-harm amongst adults in England (2004)

Gunnell, David, Bennewith, Olive, Peters, Tim J., House, Allan, Hawton, Keith

Background Previous research into the epidemiology and management of self-harm has been largely based in centres with a special interest in this behaviour or focused on hospital admissions only....

Patterns of Fetal and Childhood Growth and the Development of Psychosis in Young Males: A Cohort Study (2003)

Gunnell, David, Rasmussen, Finn, Fouskakis, Dimitris, Tynelius, Per, Harrison, Glynn

Factors influencing fetal and childhood growth may affect a person’s risk of developing schizophrenia. Associations of size at birth and body size in young adulthood with schizophrenia and other...

Childhood Socioeconomic Position and Adult Cardiovascular Mortality: The Boyd Orr Cohort (1999)

Frankel, Stephen, Smith, George Davey, Gunnell, David

The relation between childhood socioeconomic position and adult cardiovascular mortality is examined in 3,750 individuals whose families took part in the Carnegie survey of family diet and health in...

Deliberate self harm: systematic review of efficacy of psycholosical and pharmacological treatments in preventing repetition (1998)

Hawton, K., Arensman, E., Townsend, E., Bremner, S., Feldman, E., Goldney, R., ...

Objective: To identify and synthesise the findings from all randomised controlled trials that have examined the effectiveness of treatments of patients who have deliberately harmed themselves....

Deliberate self harm: systematic review of efficacy of psycholosical and pharmacological treatments in preventing repetition (1998)

Hawton, K., Arensman, E., Townsend, E., Bremner, S., Feldman, E., Goldney, R., ...

Objective: To identify and synthesise the findings from all randomised controlled trials that have examined the effectiveness of treatments of patients who have deliberately harmed themselves....

Non-response bias in a lifestyle survey (1997)

Hill, Anthony, Roberts, Julian, Ewings, Paul, Gunnell, David

Background Monitoring health targets is often undertaken using questionnaire surveys of lifestyle risk factors. Non-response bias is recognized but rarely quantified. Methods Following a...

Deliberate self harm: systematic review of efficacy of psychosocial and pharmacological treatments in preventing repetition

Hawton, Keith, Arensman, Ella, Townsend, Ellen, Bremner, Sandy, Feldman, Eleanor, Goldney, Robert, ...

Objective: To identify and synthesise the findings from all randomised controlled trials that have examined the effectiveness of treatments of patients who have deliberately harmed themselves.

Paternal age and schizophrenia: a population based cohort study

Sipos, Attila, Rasmussen, Finn, Harrison, Glynn, Tynelius, Per, Lewis, Glyn, Leon, David A, ...

Objective To investigate the association of paternal age at conception with the risk of offspring developing schizophrenia.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and suicide in adults: meta-analysis of drug company data from placebo controlled, randomised controlled trials submitted to the MHRA's safety review

Gunnell, David, Saperia, Julia, Ashby, Deborah

Objective To investigate whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants are associated with an increased risk of suicide related outcomes in adults.

Antidepressant treatment and the risk of fatal and non-fatal self harm in first episode depression: nested case-control study

Martinez, Carlos, Rietbrock, Stephan, Wise, Lesley, Ashby, Deborah, Chick, Jonathan, Moseley, Jane, ...

Objective To compare the risk of non-fatal self harm and suicide in patients taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) with that of patients taking tricyclic antidepressants, as well as...

Factors influencing help seeking in mentally distressed young adults: a cross-sectional survey.

Biddle, Lucy, Gunnell, David, Sharp, Debbie, Donovan, Jenny L

BACKGROUND: Young adults, especially men, are among those least likely to consult healthcare professionals when mentally distressed or suicidal. AIMS: To investigate the help-seeking behaviours of...

Deliberate self harm: systematic review of efficacy of psychosocial and pharmacological treatments in preventing repetition

Hawton, Keith, Arensman, Ella, Townsend, Ellen, Bremner, Sandy, Feldman, Eleanor, Goldney, Robert, ...

Objective: To identify and synthesise the findings from all randomised controlled trials that have examined the effectiveness of treatments of patients who have deliberately harmed themselves.

Paternal age and schizophrenia: a population based cohort study

Sipos, Attila, Rasmussen, Finn, Harrison, Glynn, Tynelius, Per, Lewis, Glyn, Leon, David A, ...

Objective To investigate the association of paternal age at conception with the risk of offspring developing schizophrenia.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and suicide in adults: meta-analysis of drug company data from placebo controlled, randomised controlled trials submitted to the MHRA's safety review

Gunnell, David, Saperia, Julia, Ashby, Deborah

Objective To investigate whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants are associated with an increased risk of suicide related outcomes in adults.

Antidepressant treatment and the risk of fatal and non-fatal self harm in first episode depression: nested case-control study

Martinez, Carlos, Rietbrock, Stephan, Wise, Lesley, Ashby, Deborah, Chick, Jonathan, Moseley, Jane, ...

Objective To compare the risk of non-fatal self harm and suicide in patients taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) with that of patients taking tricyclic antidepressants, as well as...

Factors influencing help seeking in mentally distressed young adults: a cross-sectional survey.

Biddle, Lucy, Gunnell, David, Sharp, Debbie, Donovan, Jenny L

BACKGROUND: Young adults, especially men, are among those least likely to consult healthcare professionals when mentally distressed or suicidal. AIMS: To investigate the help-seeking behaviours of...

Does Restricting Pack Size of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) Reduce Suicides?

Buckley, Nicholas A, Gunnell, David

The authors discuss a new study that examined the change in deaths attributed to paracetamol poisoning in England and Wales in the six years before and after a legislated reduction in the maximum...

Improvement in Survival after Paraquat Ingestion Following Introduction of a New Formulation in Sri Lanka

Wilks, Martin F, Fernando, Ravindra, Ariyananda, P. L, Eddleston, Michael, Berry, David J, Tomenson, John A, ...

Martin Wilks and colleagues compared the outcome of paraquat self-poisoning with the standard formulation against a new formulation following its introduction into Sri Lanka.

Simpson's Paradox, Lord's Paradox, and Suppression Effects are the same phenomenon – the reversal paradox

Tu, Yu-Kang, Gunnell, David, Gilthorpe, Mark S

This article discusses three statistical paradoxes that pervade epidemiological research: Simpson's paradox, Lord's paradox, and suppression. These paradoxes have important implications for the...

Suicide rates in young men in England and Wales in the 21st century: time trend study

Biddle, Lucy, Brock, Anita, Brookes, Sara T, Gunnell, David

Objectives To explore trends in suicide in young people to investigate the recent observation that after year on year rises in the 1970s, 1980s, and early 1990s, rates in young men are now declining.

The population impact on incidence of suicide and non-fatal self harm of regulatory action against the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in under 18s in the United Kingdom: ecological study

Wheeler, Benedict W, Gunnell, David, Metcalfe, Chris, Stephens, Peter, Martin, Richard M

Objective To investigate the population impact on the incidence of suicide and non-fatal self harm of regulatory action in 2003 to restrict the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)...

Suicide and the internet

Biddle, Lucy, Donovan, Jenny, Hawton, Keith, Kapur, Navneet, Gunnell, David

Recentreports of suicide by young people have highlighted the possible influence of internet sites. Lucy Biddle and colleagues investigate what a web search is likely to find

Hospital admissions for self harm after discharge from psychiatric inpatient care: cohort study

Gunnell, David, Hawton, Keith, Ho, Davidson, Evans, Jonathan, O’Connor, Susan, Potokar, John, ...

Objective To determine the risk of non-fatal self harm in the 12 months after discharge from psychiatric inpatient care.

Schizophrenia and Neural Tube Defects: Comparisons From an Epidemiological Perspective

Zammit, Stanley, Lewis, Sarah, Gunnell, David, Smith, George Davey

In this review, we examine and compare epidemiological studies of schizophrenia and neural tube defects (NTDs). Although there is no apparent link between these 2 disparate disorders in terms of...

Patterns of hospital transfer for self-poisoned patients in rural Sri Lanka: implications for estimating the incidence of self-poisoning in the developing world.

Eddleston, Michael, Sudarshan, K., Senthilkumaran, M., Reginald, K., Karalliedde, Lakshman, Senarathna, Lalith, ...

OBJECTIVES: Most data on self-poisoning in rural Asia have come from secondary hospitals. We aimed to: assess how transfers from primary to secondary hospitals affected estimates of case-fatality...

Height, wealth, and health: An overview with new data from three longitudinal studies

Batty, G. David, Shipley, Martin J., Gunnell, David, Huxley, Rachel, Kivimaki, Mika, Woodward, Mark, ...

This overview, based on a literature review and new data from the three cohorts (Whitehall Studies I and II, and the Vietnam Experience Study), has four objectives: (a) to outline the major...

Advanced paternal age: How old is too old?

Bray, Isabelle, Gunnell, David

Average paternal age in the UK is increasing. The public health implications of this trend have not been widely anticipated or debated. This commentary aims to contribute to such a debate....