A study of the biosynthesis of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (1964)
Levitch, M. E., Stadtman, E. R.
Washed cell preparations of Pseudomonas aureofaciens synthesize phenazine-1-carboxylic acid in a medium consisting of 0.2 M glycerol and 0.02 M-lysine. Experiments with C14-labeled substrates...
Yim, M B, Kang, J H, Yim, H S, Kwak, H S, Chock, P B, Stadtman, E R
Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) is known to be a locus of mutation in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS). Transgenic mice that express a mutant Cu,Zn-SOD, Gly-93--> Ala (G93A), have been...
Kong, S K, Yim, M B, Stadtman, E R, Chock, P B
To determine if nitration of tyrosine residues by peroxynitrite (PN), which can be generated endogenously, can disrupt the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins involved in cell signaling...
Immunohistochemical detection of 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts in Parkinson disease.
Yoritaka, A, Hattori, N, Uchida, K, Tanaka, M, Stadtman, E R, Mizuno, Y
There is growing evidence that oxidative stress and mitochondrial respiratory failure with attendant decrease in energy output are implicated in nigral neuronal death in Parkinson disease (PD). It is...
Berlett, B S, Friguet, B, Yim, M B, Chock, P B, Stadtman, E R
Treatment of Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase (GS) with peroxynitrite leads to nitration of some tyrosine residues and conversion of some methionine residues to methionine sulfoxide (MSOX)...
Toyokuni, S, Uchida, K, Okamoto, K, Hattori-Nakakuki, Y, Hiai, H, Stadtman, E R
An iron chelate, ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA), induces proximal tubular necrosis, a consequence of lipid peroxidation, that finally leads to a high incidence of renal adenocarcinoma in rodents....
Immunochemical detection of 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts in oxidized hepatocytes.
Uchida, K, Szweda, L I, Chae, H Z, Stadtman, E R
We report here the development of an immunochemical procedure that uses an antibody specific to the 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) moiety for the detection of HNE-protein adducts. The HNE-specific antibody...
Modification of histidine residues in proteins by reaction with 4-hydroxynonenal.
We find that histidine residues in proteins are major targets for reaction with the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynon-2-enal (HNE). Reaction of insulin (which contains no sulfhydryl groups)...
Selective cleavage of thioether linkage in proteins modified with 4-hydroxynonenal.
The peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids leads to numerous products, including 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). That 4-hydroxy-2-alkenal compounds react with sulfhydryl groups of proteins to form...
Excess brain protein oxidation and enzyme dysfunction in normal aging and in Alzheimer disease.
Smith, C D, Carney, J M, Starke-Reed, P E, Oliver, C N, Stadtman, E R, Floyd, R A, ...
The relationship between Alzheimer disease (AD) and aging is not currently known. In this study, postmortem frontal- and occipital-pole brain samples were obtained from 16 subjects with AD, 8...
Manganese-dependent disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide in bicarbonate buffer.
Stadtman, E R, Berlett, B S, Chock, P B
At physiological concentrations of HCO3- and CO2, Mn(II) catalyzes disproportionation of H2O2. This catalase-like activity is directly proportional to the concentrations of Mn(II) and H2O2, and it...
Berlett, B S, Chock, P B, Yim, M B, Stadtman, E R
In bicarbonate/CO2 buffer, Mn(II) and Fe(II) catalyze the oxidation of amino acids by H2O2 and the dismutation of H2O2. As the Mn(II)/Fe(II) ratio is increased, the yield of carbonyl compounds per...
Yim, M B, Berlett, B S, Chock, P B, Stadtman, E R
To examine the structural identities of reactive free radicals and the mechanism of the oxidative modification of proteins, we used EPR and spin-trapping methods to investigate the oxidation of amino...
Copper, zinc superoxide dismutase catalyzes hydroxyl radical production from hydrogen peroxide.
Yim, M B, Chock, P B, Stadtman, E R
Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) is known to be inhibited slowly by H2O2. Using EPR and the spin traps 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline 1-oxide (DMPO) and N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone...
Oliver, C N, Starke-Reed, P E, Stadtman, E R, Liu, G J, Carney, J M, Floyd, R A
Free radical-mediated oxidative damage has been implicated in tissue injury resulting from ischemia/reperfusion events. Global cortical ischemia/reperfusion injury to Mongolian gerbil brains was...
Glutamine synthetase of pseudomonads: some biochemical and physicochemical properties.
The glutamine synthetases from several Pseudomonas species were purified to homogeneity, and their properties were compared with those reported for the enzymes from Escherichia coli and other...
Comparative Biochemical and Immunological Studies of Bacterial Glutamine Synthetases
Tronick, Steven R., Ciardi, Joseph E., Stadtman, E. R.
Antisera prepared against adenylylated and unadenylylated Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase cross-reacted with the glutamine synthetases from a number of gram-negative bacteria and one...
Stadtman, E. R., Stadtman, Thressa C., Pastan, Ira, Smith, Louis Ds.
Clostridium barkeri sp. n. has been described, and its relationship to other clostridia is discussed.
Regulation of Glutamine Synthetase II. Patterns of Feedback Inhibition in Microorganisms1
Hubbard, Jerry S., Stadtman, E. R.
The feedback inhibition of glutamine synthetase was investigated by use of partially purified enzyme preparations from Salmonella typhimurium, Micrococcus sodonensis, Pseudomonas fluorescens,...
Kingdon, Henry S., Stadtman, E. R.
The kinetic properties of Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase are markedly influenced by the manner in which the organism is grown. Enzyme obtained from stationary-phase cells grown on glycerol and...
Hubbard, Jerry S., Stadtman, E. R.
The glutamine synthetase of Bacillus licheniformis has been obtained at about 15% purity. Sucrose gradient centrifugation gave a molecular weight value of approximately 612,000. Both l- and...
Hubbard, Jerry S., Stadtman, E. R.
The relationships of five feedback inhibitors for the Bacillus licheniformis glutamine synthetase were investigated. The inhibitors were distinguishable by differences in their competitive...
FERMENTATION OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL BY CLOSTRIDIUM GLYCOLICUM, SP. N1
Gaston, Lamont W., Stadtman, E. R.
Gaston, Lamont W. (National Heart Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.) and E. R. Stadtman. Fermentation of ethylene glycol by Clostridium glycolicum, sp. n. J. Bacteriol....
Cimino, Filiberto, Anderson, Wayne B., Stadtman, E. R.
Treatment of unadenylylated glutamine synthetase from Escherichia coli with tetranitromethane or with N-acetylimidazole produces alterations in catalytic parameters that are similar to alterations...
Anderson, Wayne B., Hennig, S. Barbara, Ginsburg, Ann, Stadtman, E. R.
Regulation of glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2) in Escherichia coli is mediated by adenylylation and deadenylylation of the enzyme. The present studies show that one protein is a common component of...
Turnover of bacterial glutamine synthetase: oxidative inactivation precedes proteolysis.
Levine, R L, Oliver, C N, Fulks, R M, Stadtman, E R
We partially purified a preparation from Escherichia coli that proteolytically degrades the enzyme glutamine synthetase [L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3.1.2]. The degradation is at...
Oxidative inactivation of glutamine synthetase subunits.
Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase (GS) was inactivated by a nonenzymic mixed-function oxidation system composed of ascorbate, O2, and Fe(III). Partial inactivation of GS by this system leads to...
The activity of micrococcal nuclease was studied on a novel substrate, denatured adenylylated glutamine synthetase [L-glutamate: ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3.1.2], which contains a unique...
Hohman, R J, Rhee, S G, Stadtman, E R
Sheep antibodies directed against an AMP-bovine serum albumin conjugate exhibit highly specific binding toward AMP. These antibodies bind to the AMP moiety of adenylylated glutamine synthetase...
Brown, M. S., Segal, A., Stadtman, E. R.
Earlier studies showed that two protein components, PI and PII, are concerned with the adenylylation and deadenylylation of Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2). PI by itself catalyzes...
Rhee, S. G., Park, R., Chock, P. B., Stadtman, E. R.
The interconversion of Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase [L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3.1.2] between its adenylylated and unadenylylated forms has been used to verify the...
A proteolytic artifact associated with the lysis of bacteria by egg white lysozyme.
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cell-free extracts of Escherichia coli that had been grown in a medium containing 32Pi disclosed the presence of several 32P-labeled proteins. Comparison of the...
ε-Adenylylated Glutamine Synthetase: An Internal Fluorescence Probe for Enzyme Conformation
Chock, P. B., Huang, C. Y., Timmons, R. B., Stadtman, E. R.
A fluorescent derivative of ATP, ε-ATP, was used to adenylylate glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2) from Escherichia coli enzymatically. The ε-adenylylated enzyme exhibits similar catalytic...
A theoretical analysis of monocyclic cascade models shows that the steady-state fraction of covalently modified interconvertible enzyme is a function of 10 different cascade parameters. Because each...
Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase and glycogen phosphorylase are prototypes for models of “closed” and “opened” bicyclic cascade systems. Steady-state functions relating the fractional...
Shaltiel, S, Adler, S P, Purich, D, Caban, C, Senior, P, Stadtman, E R
Systematic examination of a homologous series of omega-aminoalkyl agaroses showed that the pentyl derivative (Seph-C5-NH2) was best suited for the retention and subsequent separation of several...
Yim, M B, Kang, J H, Yim, H S, Kwak, H S, Chock, P B, Stadtman, E R
Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) is known to be a locus of mutation in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS). Transgenic mice that express a mutant Cu,Zn-SOD, Gly-93--> Ala (G93A), have been...
Kong, S K, Yim, M B, Stadtman, E R, Chock, P B
To determine if nitration of tyrosine residues by peroxynitrite (PN), which can be generated endogenously, can disrupt the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins involved in cell signaling...
Immunohistochemical detection of 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts in Parkinson disease.
Yoritaka, A, Hattori, N, Uchida, K, Tanaka, M, Stadtman, E R, Mizuno, Y
There is growing evidence that oxidative stress and mitochondrial respiratory failure with attendant decrease in energy output are implicated in nigral neuronal death in Parkinson disease (PD). It is...
Berlett, B S, Friguet, B, Yim, M B, Chock, P B, Stadtman, E R
Treatment of Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase (GS) with peroxynitrite leads to nitration of some tyrosine residues and conversion of some methionine residues to methionine sulfoxide (MSOX)...
Toyokuni, S, Uchida, K, Okamoto, K, Hattori-Nakakuki, Y, Hiai, H, Stadtman, E R
An iron chelate, ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA), induces proximal tubular necrosis, a consequence of lipid peroxidation, that finally leads to a high incidence of renal adenocarcinoma in rodents....
Immunochemical detection of 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts in oxidized hepatocytes.
Uchida, K, Szweda, L I, Chae, H Z, Stadtman, E R
We report here the development of an immunochemical procedure that uses an antibody specific to the 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) moiety for the detection of HNE-protein adducts. The HNE-specific antibody...
Modification of histidine residues in proteins by reaction with 4-hydroxynonenal.
We find that histidine residues in proteins are major targets for reaction with the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynon-2-enal (HNE). Reaction of insulin (which contains no sulfhydryl groups)...
Selective cleavage of thioether linkage in proteins modified with 4-hydroxynonenal.
The peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids leads to numerous products, including 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). That 4-hydroxy-2-alkenal compounds react with sulfhydryl groups of proteins to form...
Excess brain protein oxidation and enzyme dysfunction in normal aging and in Alzheimer disease.
Smith, C D, Carney, J M, Starke-Reed, P E, Oliver, C N, Stadtman, E R, Floyd, R A, ...
The relationship between Alzheimer disease (AD) and aging is not currently known. In this study, postmortem frontal- and occipital-pole brain samples were obtained from 16 subjects with AD, 8...
Manganese-dependent disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide in bicarbonate buffer.
Stadtman, E R, Berlett, B S, Chock, P B
At physiological concentrations of HCO3- and CO2, Mn(II) catalyzes disproportionation of H2O2. This catalase-like activity is directly proportional to the concentrations of Mn(II) and H2O2, and it...
Berlett, B S, Chock, P B, Yim, M B, Stadtman, E R
In bicarbonate/CO2 buffer, Mn(II) and Fe(II) catalyze the oxidation of amino acids by H2O2 and the dismutation of H2O2. As the Mn(II)/Fe(II) ratio is increased, the yield of carbonyl compounds per...
Yim, M B, Berlett, B S, Chock, P B, Stadtman, E R
To examine the structural identities of reactive free radicals and the mechanism of the oxidative modification of proteins, we used EPR and spin-trapping methods to investigate the oxidation of amino...
Copper, zinc superoxide dismutase catalyzes hydroxyl radical production from hydrogen peroxide.
Yim, M B, Chock, P B, Stadtman, E R
Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) is known to be inhibited slowly by H2O2. Using EPR and the spin traps 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline 1-oxide (DMPO) and N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone...
Oliver, C N, Starke-Reed, P E, Stadtman, E R, Liu, G J, Carney, J M, Floyd, R A
Free radical-mediated oxidative damage has been implicated in tissue injury resulting from ischemia/reperfusion events. Global cortical ischemia/reperfusion injury to Mongolian gerbil brains was...
Glutamine synthetase of pseudomonads: some biochemical and physicochemical properties.
The glutamine synthetases from several Pseudomonas species were purified to homogeneity, and their properties were compared with those reported for the enzymes from Escherichia coli and other...
Comparative Biochemical and Immunological Studies of Bacterial Glutamine Synthetases
Tronick, Steven R., Ciardi, Joseph E., Stadtman, E. R.
Antisera prepared against adenylylated and unadenylylated Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase cross-reacted with the glutamine synthetases from a number of gram-negative bacteria and one...
Stadtman, E. R., Stadtman, Thressa C., Pastan, Ira, Smith, Louis Ds.
Clostridium barkeri sp. n. has been described, and its relationship to other clostridia is discussed.
Regulation of Glutamine Synthetase II. Patterns of Feedback Inhibition in Microorganisms1
Hubbard, Jerry S., Stadtman, E. R.
The feedback inhibition of glutamine synthetase was investigated by use of partially purified enzyme preparations from Salmonella typhimurium, Micrococcus sodonensis, Pseudomonas fluorescens,...
Kingdon, Henry S., Stadtman, E. R.
The kinetic properties of Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase are markedly influenced by the manner in which the organism is grown. Enzyme obtained from stationary-phase cells grown on glycerol and...
Hubbard, Jerry S., Stadtman, E. R.
The glutamine synthetase of Bacillus licheniformis has been obtained at about 15% purity. Sucrose gradient centrifugation gave a molecular weight value of approximately 612,000. Both l- and...
Hubbard, Jerry S., Stadtman, E. R.
The relationships of five feedback inhibitors for the Bacillus licheniformis glutamine synthetase were investigated. The inhibitors were distinguishable by differences in their competitive...
FERMENTATION OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL BY CLOSTRIDIUM GLYCOLICUM, SP. N1
Gaston, Lamont W., Stadtman, E. R.
Gaston, Lamont W. (National Heart Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.) and E. R. Stadtman. Fermentation of ethylene glycol by Clostridium glycolicum, sp. n. J. Bacteriol....
Cimino, Filiberto, Anderson, Wayne B., Stadtman, E. R.
Treatment of unadenylylated glutamine synthetase from Escherichia coli with tetranitromethane or with N-acetylimidazole produces alterations in catalytic parameters that are similar to alterations...
Anderson, Wayne B., Hennig, S. Barbara, Ginsburg, Ann, Stadtman, E. R.
Regulation of glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2) in Escherichia coli is mediated by adenylylation and deadenylylation of the enzyme. The present studies show that one protein is a common component of...
Turnover of bacterial glutamine synthetase: oxidative inactivation precedes proteolysis.
Levine, R L, Oliver, C N, Fulks, R M, Stadtman, E R
We partially purified a preparation from Escherichia coli that proteolytically degrades the enzyme glutamine synthetase [L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3.1.2]. The degradation is at...
Oxidative inactivation of glutamine synthetase subunits.
Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase (GS) was inactivated by a nonenzymic mixed-function oxidation system composed of ascorbate, O2, and Fe(III). Partial inactivation of GS by this system leads to...
The activity of micrococcal nuclease was studied on a novel substrate, denatured adenylylated glutamine synthetase [L-glutamate: ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3.1.2], which contains a unique...
Hohman, R J, Rhee, S G, Stadtman, E R
Sheep antibodies directed against an AMP-bovine serum albumin conjugate exhibit highly specific binding toward AMP. These antibodies bind to the AMP moiety of adenylylated glutamine synthetase...
Brown, M. S., Segal, A., Stadtman, E. R.
Earlier studies showed that two protein components, PI and PII, are concerned with the adenylylation and deadenylylation of Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2). PI by itself catalyzes...
Rhee, S. G., Park, R., Chock, P. B., Stadtman, E. R.
The interconversion of Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase [L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3.1.2] between its adenylylated and unadenylylated forms has been used to verify the...
A proteolytic artifact associated with the lysis of bacteria by egg white lysozyme.
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cell-free extracts of Escherichia coli that had been grown in a medium containing 32Pi disclosed the presence of several 32P-labeled proteins. Comparison of the...
ε-Adenylylated Glutamine Synthetase: An Internal Fluorescence Probe for Enzyme Conformation
Chock, P. B., Huang, C. Y., Timmons, R. B., Stadtman, E. R.
A fluorescent derivative of ATP, ε-ATP, was used to adenylylate glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2) from Escherichia coli enzymatically. The ε-adenylylated enzyme exhibits similar catalytic...
A theoretical analysis of monocyclic cascade models shows that the steady-state fraction of covalently modified interconvertible enzyme is a function of 10 different cascade parameters. Because each...
Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase and glycogen phosphorylase are prototypes for models of “closed” and “opened” bicyclic cascade systems. Steady-state functions relating the fractional...
Shaltiel, S, Adler, S P, Purich, D, Caban, C, Senior, P, Stadtman, E R
Systematic examination of a homologous series of omega-aminoalkyl agaroses showed that the pentyl derivative (Seph-C5-NH2) was best suited for the retention and subsequent separation of several...