Determinants of Disease Presentation and Outcome during Cryptococcosis: The CryptoA/D Study (2007)
Françoise Dromer, Simone Mathoulin-Pélissier, Odile Launay, Olivier Lortholary
BackgroundCryptococcosis is a life-threatening opportunistic fungal infection in both HIV-positive and -negative patients. Information on clinical presentation and therapeutic guidelines, derived...
Lortholary, Olivier, Nicolas, Marlène, Soreda, Stephan, Improvisi, Luce, Ronin, Olivier, Petitjean, Olivier, ...
The time of initiation of fluconazole treatment with or without dexamethasone, and the impact on mycological outcome and drug pharmacokinetics were assessed in a murine model of disseminated...
Epidemiological Evidence for Dormant Cryptococcus neoformans Infection
Garcia-Hermoso, Dea, Janbon, Guilhem, Dromer, Françoise
To date, the time of acquisition of a Cryptococcus neoformans infectious strain has never been studied. We selected a primer, (GACA)4, and a probe, CNRE-1, that by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA...
Are Two Cryptococcus neoformans Strains Epidemiologically Linked?
Garcia-Hermoso, Dea, Dromer, Françoise, Mathoulin-Pelissier, Simone, Janbon, Guilhem
The aim of this study was to standardize a method to determine whether two strains of Cryptococcus neoformans could be considered epidemiologically linked. We hypothesized that strains isolated from...
Dromer, Françoise, Chevalier, Reynald, Sendid, Boualem, Improvisi, Luce, Jouault, Thierry, Robert, Raymond, ...
The pathogenic yeast Candida albicans displays at its cell surface β-1,2 oligomannosides (β-1,2-Mans). In contrast to the ubiquitous α-Mans, β-1,2-Mans bind to galectin-3, a major endogenous...
Kozel, Thomas R., Levitz, Stuart M., Dromer, Françoise, Gates, Marcellene A., Thorkildson, Peter, Janbon, Guilhem
Cryptococcus neoformans is surrounded by an antiphagocytic polysaccharide capsule whose primary constituent is glucuronoxylomannan (GXM). Three prominent structural features of GXM are single xylosyl...
Schwarz, Patrick, Dromer, Françoise, Lortholary, Olivier, Dannaoui, Eric
Combinations of flucytosine with conventional and new antifungals were evaluated in vitro against 30 clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans. Synergy determined by checkerboard analysis was...
Serum Voriconazole Levels following Administration via Percutaneous Jejunostomy Tube
Martinez, Valérie, Guillou, Jean-Luc Le, Lamer, Christian, Jouan, Melissande Le, Tod, Michel, Dromer, Françoise
Dannaoui, Eric, Lortholary, Olivier, Dromer, Françoise
Microdilution broth checkerboard techniques based on the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards methodology were used to study double and triple antifungal combinations against clinical...
Cryptococcus neoformans Capsule Structure Evolution In Vitro and during Murine Infection
Garcia-Hermoso, Dea, Dromer, Françoise, Janbon, Guilhem
Cryptococcus neoformans capsule structure modifications after prolonged in vitro growth or in vivo passaging have been reported previously. However, nothing is known about the dynamics of these...
Dalle, Frédéric, Charles, Pierre Emmanuel, Blanc, Karine, Caillot, Denis, Chavanet, Pascal, Dromer, Françoise, ...
We report a case of cryptococcosis in which a serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Aspergillus galactomannan was positive, with no evidence of aspergillosis. Soluble antigens from 19...
Pavie, Juliette, Lacroix, Claire, Hermoso, Dea Garcia, Robin, Marie, Ferry, Christèle, Bergeron, Anne, ...
Aspergillus ustus is an uncommon clinical species which is poorly susceptible to antifungals. We report two cases of A. ustus infections that occurred in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients...
Cornet, Muriel, Bidard, Frédérique, Schwarz, Patrick, Da Costa, Grégory, Blanchin-Roland, Sylvie, Dromer, Françoise, ...
Ambient pH signaling involves a cascade of conserved Rim or Pal products in ascomycetous yeasts or filamentous fungi, respectively. Recent evidences in the fungi Aspergillus nidulans, Saccharomyces...
Schwarz, Patrick, Dromer, Françoise, Lortholary, Olivier, Dannaoui, Eric
Whether or not flucytosine should be administered to patients infected with Cryptococcus neoformans isolates found to be resistant to flucytosine in vitro remains a controversial issue. Thus, the...
Molecular Identification of Zygomycetes from Culture and Experimentally Infected Tissues
Schwarz, Patrick, Bretagne, Stéphane, Gantier, Jean-Charles, Garcia-Hermoso, Dea, Lortholary, Olivier, Dromer, Françoise, ...
Mucormycosis is an emerging infection associated with a high mortality rate. Identification of the causative agents remains difficult and time-consuming by standard mycological procedures. In this...
Epidemiological Evidence for Dormant Cryptococcus neoformans Infection
Garcia-Hermoso, Dea, Janbon, Guilhem, Dromer, Françoise
To date, the time of acquisition of a Cryptococcus neoformans infectious strain has never been studied. We selected a primer, (GACA)4, and a probe, CNRE-1, that by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA...
Are Two Cryptococcus neoformans Strains Epidemiologically Linked?
Garcia-Hermoso, Dea, Dromer, Françoise, Mathoulin-Pelissier, Simone, Janbon, Guilhem
The aim of this study was to standardize a method to determine whether two strains of Cryptococcus neoformans could be considered epidemiologically linked. We hypothesized that strains isolated from...
Dromer, Françoise, Chevalier, Reynald, Sendid, Boualem, Improvisi, Luce, Jouault, Thierry, Robert, Raymond, ...
The pathogenic yeast Candida albicans displays at its cell surface β-1,2 oligomannosides (β-1,2-Mans). In contrast to the ubiquitous α-Mans, β-1,2-Mans bind to galectin-3, a major endogenous...
Kozel, Thomas R., Levitz, Stuart M., Dromer, Françoise, Gates, Marcellene A., Thorkildson, Peter, Janbon, Guilhem
Cryptococcus neoformans is surrounded by an antiphagocytic polysaccharide capsule whose primary constituent is glucuronoxylomannan (GXM). Three prominent structural features of GXM are single xylosyl...
Schwarz, Patrick, Dromer, Françoise, Lortholary, Olivier, Dannaoui, Eric
Combinations of flucytosine with conventional and new antifungals were evaluated in vitro against 30 clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans. Synergy determined by checkerboard analysis was...
Serum Voriconazole Levels following Administration via Percutaneous Jejunostomy Tube
Martinez, Valérie, Guillou, Jean-Luc Le, Lamer, Christian, Jouan, Melissande Le, Tod, Michel, Dromer, Françoise
Dannaoui, Eric, Lortholary, Olivier, Dromer, Françoise
Microdilution broth checkerboard techniques based on the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards methodology were used to study double and triple antifungal combinations against clinical...
Cryptococcus neoformans Capsule Structure Evolution In Vitro and during Murine Infection
Garcia-Hermoso, Dea, Dromer, Françoise, Janbon, Guilhem
Cryptococcus neoformans capsule structure modifications after prolonged in vitro growth or in vivo passaging have been reported previously. However, nothing is known about the dynamics of these...
Dalle, Frédéric, Charles, Pierre Emmanuel, Blanc, Karine, Caillot, Denis, Chavanet, Pascal, Dromer, Françoise, ...
We report a case of cryptococcosis in which a serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Aspergillus galactomannan was positive, with no evidence of aspergillosis. Soluble antigens from 19...
Pavie, Juliette, Lacroix, Claire, Hermoso, Dea Garcia, Robin, Marie, Ferry, Christèle, Bergeron, Anne, ...
Aspergillus ustus is an uncommon clinical species which is poorly susceptible to antifungals. We report two cases of A. ustus infections that occurred in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients...
Cornet, Muriel, Bidard, Frédérique, Schwarz, Patrick, Da Costa, Grégory, Blanchin-Roland, Sylvie, Dromer, Françoise, ...
Ambient pH signaling involves a cascade of conserved Rim or Pal products in ascomycetous yeasts or filamentous fungi, respectively. Recent evidences in the fungi Aspergillus nidulans, Saccharomyces...
Schwarz, Patrick, Dromer, Françoise, Lortholary, Olivier, Dannaoui, Eric
Whether or not flucytosine should be administered to patients infected with Cryptococcus neoformans isolates found to be resistant to flucytosine in vitro remains a controversial issue. Thus, the...
Molecular Identification of Zygomycetes from Culture and Experimentally Infected Tissues
Schwarz, Patrick, Bretagne, Stéphane, Gantier, Jean-Charles, Garcia-Hermoso, Dea, Lortholary, Olivier, Dromer, Françoise, ...
Mucormycosis is an emerging infection associated with a high mortality rate. Identification of the causative agents remains difficult and time-consuming by standard mycological procedures. In this...
Molecular Identification of Black-Grain Mycetoma Agents
Desnos-Ollivier, Marie, Bretagne, Stéphane, Dromer, Françoise, Lortholary, Olivier, Dannaoui, Eric
Black-grain mycetomas are subcutaneous devastating chronic infections due to several dematiaceous fungi. They are diagnosed mostly in tropical countries. Identification of these fungi with standard...
Determinants of Disease Presentation and Outcome during Cryptococcosis: The CryptoA/D Study
Dromer, Françoise, Mathoulin-Pélissier, Simone, Launay, Odile, Lortholary, Olivier
Françoise Dromer and colleagues report that sex, HIV status, and infecting serotype are major determinants of cryptococcosis presentation and outcome.
Charlier, Caroline, Chrétien, Fabrice, Baudrimont, Marielle, Mordelet, Elodie, Lortholary, Olivier, Dromer, Françoise
Cryptococcus neoformans is a yeast responsible for disseminated meningoencephalitis in patients with cellular immune defects. The major virulence factor is the polysaccharide capsule. We took...
Schwarz, Patrick, Janbon, Guilhem, Dromer, Françoise, Lortholary, Olivier, Dannaoui, Eric
The combination of flucytosine and amphotericin B was tested against 10 flucytosine-resistant isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans by checkerboard, killing curves, and Etest. Although differences were...
Carbon Assimilation Profiles as a Tool for Identification of Zygomycetes▿
Schwarz, Patrick, Lortholary, Olivier, Dromer, Françoise, Dannaoui, Eric
Identification of Zygomycetes is difficult and time-consuming by standard microbiological procedures. Carbon assimilation profiles are commonly used for yeast-and bacterial-species identification but...
Lortholary, Olivier, Dannaoui, Eric, Raoux, Dorothée, Hoinard, Damien, Datry, Annick, Paugam, André, ...
The posaconazole MIC90 for 1,903 yeast isolates from France was 1 μg/ml (range, ≤0.015 to 8 μg/ml). Ninety percent of isolates with fluconazole MICs of ≥8 μg/ml (n = 509) and 90% of those with...
Garcia-Hermoso, Dea, Cabaret, Odile, Lecellier, Gael, Desnos-Ollivier, Marie, Hoinard, Damien, Raoux, Dorothée, ...
For genotyping Candida albicans isolates, two PCR-based methods have recently emerged: multilocus sequence typing (MLST), based on the sequence of selected genes, and microsatellite length...
Charlier, Caroline, Dromer, Françoise, Lévêque, Christophe, Chartier, Loïc, Cordoliani, Yves-Sébastien, Fontanet, Arnaud, ...
Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis has an overall global mortality rate of 20% in AIDS patients despite antifungals. There is a need for additional means of precise assessment of disease severity. We...
Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P., Lewis, Russell E., Alexander, Barbara D., Lortholary, Olivier, Dromer, Françoise, Gupta, Krishan L., ...
Synergistic interactions were observed between CIs and antifungal agents against 53 (90%) of 59 Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from solid organ transplant recipients with cryptococcosis and may...
The Yak1 Kinase Is Involved in the Initiation and Maintenance of Hyphal Growth in Candida albicans
Goyard, Sophie, Knechtle, Philipp, Chauvel, Murielle, Mallet, Adeline, Prévost, Marie-Christine, Proux, Caroline, ...
Members of the dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylated and regulated kinase (DYRK) family perform a variety of functions in eukaryotes. We used gene disruption, targeted pharmacologic inhibition,...
Major Role for Amphotericin B–Flucytosine Combination in Severe Cryptococcosis
Dromer, Françoise, Bernede-Bauduin, Claire, Guillemot, Didier, Lortholary, Olivier
Detection of Caspofungin Resistance in Candida spp. by Etest▿
Desnos-Ollivier, Marie, Dromer, Françoise, Dannaoui, Eric
The caspofungin susceptibilities of 28 Candida sp. clinical isolates, including 8 caspofungin-resistant isolates characterized by mutations in the Fks1 protein, were determined by the Etest in RPMI...
Clonal Population of Flucytosine-Resistant Candida tropicalis from Blood Cultures, Paris, France
Desnos-Ollivier, Marie, Bretagne, Stéphane, Bernède, Claire, Robert, Vincent, Raoux, Dorothée, Chachaty, Elisabeth, ...
Such isolates are widespread around clinical centers and are associated with malignancies that cause fewer deaths than other C. tropicalis isolates.
AIDS Patient Death Caused by Novel Cryptococcus neoformans × C. gattii Hybrid
Bovers, Marjan, Hagen, Ferry, Kuramae, Eiko E., Hoogveld, Hans L., Dromer, Françoise, St-Germain, Guy, ...
Interspecies hybrids of Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii have only recently been reported. We describe a novel C. neoformans × C. gattii hybrid strain (serotype AB) that was previously...
Desnos-Ollivier, Marie, Bretagne, Stéphane, Raoux, Dorothée, Hoinard, Damien, Dromer, Françoise, Dannaoui, Eric
Mutations in two specific regions of the Fks1 subunit of 1,3-β-d-glucan synthase are known to confer decreased caspofungin susceptibility on Candida spp. Clinical isolates of Candida spp. (404...
Desnos-Ollivier, Marie, Ragon, Marie, Robert, Vincent, Raoux, Dorothée, Gantier, Jean-Charles, Dromer, Françoise
Debaryomyces hansenii is a hemiascomycetous yeast commonly found in natural substrates and in various types of cheese. Pichia guilliermondii is widely distributed in nature and is a common...
Evidence of a Role for Monocytes in Dissemination and Brain Invasion by Cryptococcus neoformans▿ †
Charlier, Caroline, Nielsen, Kirsten, Daou, Samira, Brigitte, Madly, Chretien, Fabrice, Dromer, Françoise
The pathogenesis of cryptococcosis, including the events leading to the production of meningoencephalitis, is still largely unknown. Evidence of a transcellular passage of Cryptococcus neoformans...
Garcia-Hermoso, Dea, Hoinard, Damien, Gantier, Jean-Charles, Grenouillet, Frédéric, Dromer, Françoise, Dannaoui, Eric
Thirty-eight isolates (including 28 isolates from patients) morphologically identified as Lichtheimia corymbifera (formerly Absidia corymbifera) were studied by sequence analysis (analysis of the...
Cryptococcal Cell Morphology Affects Host Cell Interactions and Pathogenicity
Okagaki, Laura H., Strain, Anna K., Nielsen, Judith N., Charlier, Caroline, Baltes, Nicholas J., Chrétien, Fabrice, ...
Cryptococcus neoformans is a common life-threatening human fungal pathogen. The size of cryptococcal cells is typically 5 to 10 µm. Cell enlargement was observed in vivo, producing cells up to 100...