Effects of Beta-Decays of Excited-State Nuclei on the Astrophysical r-Process (2008)
Famiano, M. A., Boyd, R. N., Kajino, T., Otsuki, K., Terasawa, M., Mathews, G. J.
A rudimentary calculation is employed to evaluate the possible effects of beta- decays of excited-state nuclei on the astrophysical r-process. Single-particle levels calculated with the FRDM are...
Late Decaying Dark Matter, Bulk Viscosity and the Cosmic Acceleration (2008)
Mathews, G. J., Lan, N. Q., Kolda, C.
We discuss a cosmology in which cold dark matter begins to decay into relativistic particles at a recent epoch (z < 1). We show that the large entropy production and associated bulk viscosity from...
Analysis of White Dwarfs with Strange-Matter Cores (2006)
Mathews, G. J., O'Gorman, B., Lan, N. Q., Zech, W., Otsuki, K., ...
We summarize masses and radii for a number of white dwarfs as deduced from a combination of proper motion studies, Hipparcos parallax distances, effective temperatures, and binary or spectroscopic...
Inhomogeneous Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Revisited (2006)
Lara, J. F., Kajino, T., Mathews, G. J.
We reanalyze the allowed parameters for inhomogeneous big bang nucleosynthesis in light of the WMAP constraints on the baryon-to-photon ratio and a recent measurement which has set the neutron...
Early Star Formation, Nucleosynthesis, and Chemical Evolution in Proto-Galactic Clouds (2006)
Saleh, L., Beers, T. C., Mathews, G. J.
We present numerical simulations to describe the nucleosynthesis and evolution of pre-Galactic clouds in a model which is motivated by cold dark matter simulations of hierarchical galaxy formation....
Yamazaki, D., Ichiki, K., Kajino, T., Mathews, G. J.
Recent observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) have extended the measured power spectrum to higher multipoles $l\gtrsim$1000, and there appears to be possible evidence for excess power...
On Rapidly Rotating Magnetic Core-Collapse Supernovae (2005)
Wilson, J. R., Mathews, G. J., Dalhed, H. E.
We have analyzed the magnetic effects that may occur in rapidly rotating core collapse supernovae. We consider effects from both magnetic turbulence and the formation of magnetic bubbles. For...
Light-Element Reaction Flow and the Conditions for r-Process Nucleosynthesis (2005)
Sasaqui, T., Otsuki, K., Kajino, T., Mathews, G. J.
We deduce new constraints on the entropy per baryon ($s/k$), dynamical timescale ($\tau_{dyn}$), and electron fraction ($Y_{e}$) consistent with heavy element nucleosynthesis in the r-process. We...
Umezu, K., Ichiki, K., Kajino, T., Mathews, G. J., Nakamura, R., Yahiro, M.
We explore observational constraints on a cosmological brane-world scenario in which the bulk is not empty. Rather, exchange of mass-energy between the bulk and the bane is allowed. The evolution of...
Sensitivity of r-Process Nucleosynthesis to Light-Element Nuclear Reactions (2005)
Sasaqui, T., Kajino, T., Mathews, G. J., Otsuki, K., Nakamura, K.
We study the efficiency and sensitivity of r-process nucleosynthesis to 18 light-element nuclear reaction rates. We adopt empirical power-law relations to parameterize the reaction sensitivities. We...
Peculiar Velocity and Deaberration of the Sky (2005)
Recent studies have found the earth’s peculiar velocity to be significant in microwave background based tests for compact cosmic topology, and modifications to these tests have been proposed. Tests...
Peculiar Velocity and Deaberration of the Sky (2004)
Recent studies have found the earth's peculiar velocity to be significant in microwave background based tests for compact cosmic topology, and modifications to these tests have been proposed. Tests...
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis with a New Neutron Lifetime (2004)
Mathews, G. J., Kajino, T., Shima, T.
We show that the predicted primordial helium production is significantly reduced when new measurements of the neutron lifetime and the implied enhancement in the weak reaction rates are included in...
Mathews, G. J., Chung, D. J. H., Ichiki, K., Kajino, T., Orito, M.
We analyze the limits on resonant particle production during inflation based upon the power spectrum of fluctuations in matter and the cosmic microwave background. We show that such a model is...
Aoki, W., Ryan, S.G., Iwamoto, N., Beers, T.C., Norris, J.E., Ando, H., ...
White Dwarfs Near Black Holes: A New Paradigm for Type I Supernovae (2003)
We present calculations indicating the possibility of a new class of Type I supernovae. In this new paradigm relativistic terms enhance the self gravity of a carbon-oxygen white dwarf as it passes or...
Disappearing Dark Matter in Brane World Cosmology: New Limits on Noncompact Extra Dimensions (2002)
Ichiki, K., Garnavich, P. M., Kajino, T., Mathews, G. J., Yahiro, M.
We explore cosmological implications of dark matter as massive particles trapped on a brane embedded in a Randall-Sundrum noncompact higher dimension $AdS_5$ space. It is an unavoidable consequence...
Constraints on Models for TeV Gamma Rays from Gamma-Ray Bursts (2002)
Fragile, P. C., Mathews, G. J., Poirier, J., Totani, T.
We explore several models which might be proposed to explain recent possible detections of high-energy (TeV) gamma rays in association with low-energy gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Likely values (and/or...
Orito, M., Kajino, T., Mathews, G. J., Wang, Y.
We reanalyze the cosmological constraints on the existence of a net universal lepton asymmetry and neutrino degeneracy based upon the latest high resolution CMB sky maps from BOOMERANG, DASI, and...
Observational Constraints on Dark Radiation in Brane Cosmology (2002)
Ichiki, K., Yahiro, M., Kajino, T., Orito, M., Mathews, G. J.
We analyze the observational constraints on brane-world cosmology whereby the universe is described as a three-brane embedded in a five-dimensional anti-de Sitter space. In this brane-universe...
Constrainting Cosmic Quintessence (2002)
Mathews, G. J., Ichiki, K., Kajino, T., Orito, M., Yahiro, M.
A generic feature of cosmic quintessence models is the possibility of significant energy density in the scalar field during the radiation dominated epoch. This possibility is even greater if the...
Kajino, T., Orito, M., Mathews, G. J., Boyd, R. N.
We study the primordial nucleosynthesis and cosmic age in the presence of a net lepton asymmetry as well as baryon asymmetry. We explore a previously unnoted region of the parameter space in which...
R-Process Nucleosynthesis in Core-Collapse Supernova Explosion (2001)
Kajino, T., Wanajo, S., Mathews, G. J.
We study the r-process nucleosynthesis in neutrino-driven winds of gravitational core collapse SNeII. Appropriate physical conditions are found for successful r-process nucleosynthesis, which meet...
Neutron Capture Elements in s-Process-Rich, Very Metal-Poor Stars (2001)
Aoki, W., Ryan, S.G., Norris, J.E., Beers, T.C., Ando, H., Iwamoto, N., ...
Comment on "Can there be a quark-matter core in a magnetar?" (2001)
Suh, In-Saeng, Mathews, G. J., Weber, F.
We comment on the paper by Tanusri Ghosh and Somenath Chakrabarty, Phys. Rev. D63, 043006 (2001). In that paper it was argued that a first-order transition to quark matter in the core of a magnetar...
Terasawa, M., Sumiyoshi, K., Kajino, T., Mathews, G. J., Tanihata, I.
We study the role of light neutron-rich nuclei during r-process nucleosynthesis in supernovae. Most previous studies of the r-process have concentrated on the reaction flow of heavy unstable nuclei....
r-Process in Prompt Supernova Explosions Revisited (2001)
Sumiyoshi, K., Terasawa, M., Mathews, G. J., Kajino, T., Yamada, S., Suzuki, H.
We reanalyze $r$-process nucleosynthesis in the neutron-rich ejecta from a prompt supernova explosion of a low-mass (11 M$_\odot$) progenitor. A pompt explosion is not yet ruled out as a possibility...
Constraints on Cosmic Quintessence and Quintessential Inflation (2001)
Yahiro, M., Mathews, G. J., Ichiki, K., Kajino, T., Orito, M.
Recently, attempts have been made to understand the apparent near coincidence of the present dark energy and matter energy in terms of a dynamical attractor-like solution for the evolution of a...
Orito, M., Kajino, T., Mathews, G. J., Boyd, R. N.
We reanalyze the cosmological constraints on the existence of a net universal lepton asymmetry and neutrino degeneracy. We show that neutrinos can begin to decouple at higher temperatures than...
A Search for Sub-TeV Gammas in Coincidence with Gamma Ray Bursts (2000)
Poirier, J., D'Andrea, C., Fragile, P. C., Gress, J., Mathews, G. J., Race, D.
We report on a study of sub-TeV ($E_\gamma > 10$ GeV) gamma-ray-induced muon secondaries in coincidence with BATSE gamma ray bursts (GRBs). Each TeV gamma ray striking the atmosphere produces...
Nuclear Equation of State and Internal Structure of Magnetars (1999)
Recently, neutron stars with very strong surface magnetic fields have been suggested as the site for the origin of observed soft gamma repeaters (SGRs). We investigate the influence of a strong...
Neutron stars with very strong surface magnetic fields have been suggested as the site for the origin of observed soft gamma repeaters (SGRs). In this paper we investigate the influence of such...
Revised Relativistic Hydrodynamical Model for Neutron-Star Binaries (1999)
We report on numerical results from a revised hydrodynamic simulation of binary neutron-star orbits near merger. We find that the correction recently identified by Flanagan significantly reduces but...
Irrotational binary neutron stars in quasiequilibrium (1999)
Marronetti, P., Mathews, G. J., Wilson, J. R.
We report on numerical results from an independent formalism to describe the quasi-equilibrium structure of nonsynchronous binary neutron stars in general relativity. This is an important independent...
Mass-Radius Relation for Magnetic White Dwarfs (1999)
Recently, several white dwarfs with very strong surface magnetic fields have been observed. In this paper we explore the possibility that such stars could have sufficiently strong internal fields to...
Fragile, P. C., Mathews, G. J.
We have reconstructed possible orbits for a collection of stars located within 0.5 arcsec of Sgr A*. These orbits are constrained by observed stellar positions and angular proper motions. The...
Weak reaction freeze-out constraints on primordial magnetic fields (1998)
We explore constraints on the strength of the primordial magnetic field based upon the weak reaction freeze-out in the early universe. We find that limits on the strength of the magnetic field found...
We have studied finite temperature corrections to the baryon transport cross sections and diffusion coefficients. These corrections are based upon the recently computed renormalized electron mass and...
Finite Temperature effects on baryon transport scattering in the early Universe (1998)
We have computed finite temperature corrections to the electron-hadron scattering cross sections. These are based upon the renormalized electron mass and the modified density of states due to the...
Binary Neutron-Star Systems: From the Newtonian Regime to the Last Stable Orbit (1998)
Marronetti, P., Mathews, G. J., Wilson, J. R.
We report on the first calculations of fully relativistic binary circular orbits to span a range of separation distances from the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO), deeply inside the strong...
A Binary Neutron Star GRB Model (1997)
Wilson, J. R., Salmonson, J. D., Mathews, G. J.
In this paper we present the preliminary results of a model for the production of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) through the compressional heating of binary neutron stars near their last stable orbit prior...
Relativistic Hydrodynamics in Close Binary Systems: Analysis of Neutron-Star Collapse (1997)
Mathews, G. J., Marronetti, P., Wilson, J. R.
We discuss the underlying relativistic physics which causes neutron stars to compress and collapse in close binary systems as has recently been observed in numerical (3+1) dimensional general...
Gamma-Ray Bursts from Neutron Star Binaries (1997)
Mathews, G. J., Wilson, J. R., Salmonson, J.
We report on general relativistic hydrodynamic studies which indicate several new physical processes which may contribute to powering gamma-ray bursts in neutron star binaries. Relativistically...
Relativistic Studies of Close Neutron Star Binaries (1997)
Mathews, G. J., Marronetti, P., Wilson, J. R.
We discuss (3+1) dimensional general relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of close neutron star binary systems. The relativistic field equations are solved at each time slice with a spatial 3-metric...
Binary Induced Neutron-Star Compression, Heating, and Collapse (1997)
We analyze several aspects of the recently noted neutron star collapse instability in close binary systems. We utilize (3+1) dimensional and spherical numerical general relativistic hydrodynamics to...
Geometrical Effects of Baryon Density Inhomogeneities on Primordial Nucleosynthesis (1996)
Orito, M., Kajino, T., Boyd, R N., Mathews, G J.
We discuss effects of fluctuation geometry on primordial nucleosynthesis. For the first time we consider condensed cylinder and cylindrical-shell fluctuation geometries in addition to condensed...
Relativistic Numerical Method for Close Neutron Star Binaries (1996)
Wilson, J. R., Mathews, G. J., Marronetti, P.
We describe a numerical method for calculating the (3+1) dimensional general relativistic hydrodynamics of a coalescing neutron-star binary system. The relativistic field equations are solved at each...
Stochastic Isocurvature Baryon Fluctuations, Baryon Diffusion, And Primordial Nucleosynthesis (1996)
H. Kurki-suonio, K. Jedamzik, G. J. Mathews
We examine effects on primordial nucleosynthesis from a truly random spatial distribution in the baryon-to-photon ratio (j). We generate stochastic fluctuation spectra characterized by different...
Strange Neutral Currents in Nuclei (1995)
Ressell, M. T., Mathews, G. J., Resler, D. A.
We examine the effects on the nuclear neutral current Gamow-Teller (GT) strength of a finite contribution from a polarized strange quark sea. We perform nuclear shell model calculations of the...
A merger model and globular cluster formation (1994)
Lee, S, Schramm, David N, Mathews, G J
We propose a self-consistent model for globular cluster formation in, but not limited to, our Galaxy, based on the merger model of Mathews and Schramm (1993). Stars and star clusters form in bursts...
On Constraining Electroweak-Baryogenesis with Inhomogeneous Primordial Nucleosynthesis (1994)
Fuller, G. M., Jedamzik, K., Mathews, G. J., Olinto, A.
Primordial nucleosynthesis calculations are shown to be able to provide constraints on electroweak baryogenesis which produce a highly inhomogeneous distribution of the baryon-to-photon ratio. Such...
Absence of a Lower Limit on Omega_b in Inhomogeneous Primordial Nucleosynthesis (1994)
Jedamzik, K., Mathews, G. J., Fuller, G. M.
We show that a class of inhomogeneous big bang nucleosynthesis models exist which yield light-element abundances in agreement with observational constraints for baryon-to-photon ratios significantly...
Jedamzik, K., Fuller, G. M., Mathews, G. J.
We present a detailed study of inhomogeneous Big Bang nucleosynthesis where, for the first time, nuclear reactions are coupled to all significant fluctuation dissipation processes. Theses processes...
Enhanced Heavy-Element Formation in Baryon-Inhomogeneous Big-Bang Models (1993)
Jedamzik, K., Fuller, G. M., Mathews, G. J., Kajino, T.
We show that primordial nucleosynthesis in baryon inhomogeneous big-bang models can lead to significant heavy-element production while still satisfying all the light-element abundance constraints...
Ressell, M. T., Aufderheide, M. B., Bloom, S. D., Griest, K., Mathews, G. J., Resler, D. A.
We present the results of detailed nuclear shell model calculations of the spin-dependent elastic cross section for neutralinos scattering from \si29 and \ge73. The calculations were performed in...
Cross Sections for A=6-30 Fragments from the 4-He + 28-Si Reaction at 117 and 198 MeV (1993)
Woo, L.W., Kwiatkowski, K., Wilson, W.G., Viola, V.E., Breuer, H., Mathews, G.J.
This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY-9314783
Cross Sections for A=6-30 Fragments from the 4-He + 28-Si Reaction at 117 and 198 MeV (1993)
Woo, L.W., Kwiatkowski, K., Wilson, W.G., Viola, V.E., Breuer, H., Mathews, G.J.
This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY-9314783
Global Properties of the 4-He + 28-Si Reaction at 117.4 and 198.5 MeV (1988)
Woo, L.W., Kwiatkowski, K., Wilson, W., Viola, V.E., Breuer, H., Mathews, G.J.
This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY 87-14406
Global Properties of the 4-He + 28-Si Reaction at 117.4 and 198.5 MeV (1988)
Woo, L.W., Kwiatkowski, K., Wilson, W., Viola, V.E., Breuer, H., Mathews, G.J.
This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY 87-14406
Stellar neutron capture rates for `4`6Ca and `4`8Ca. (1985)
Kaeppeler, F., Walter, G., Mathews, G.J.
The Astrophysical Journal, 291 (1985) S.319-27
Neutron capture nucleosynthesis of neodymium isotopes and the s-process from A = 130 to 150. (1985)
The Astrophysical Journal, 286(1984) S.810-21
Stellar neutron capture rates for `4`6Ca and `4`8Ca. (1985)
Kaeppeler, K., Walter, G., Mathews, G.J.
In: Quaim, S.M. [Hrsg.]
Light Element Nucleosynthesis (1984)
Walker, T.P., Viola, V.E., Mathews, G.J.
This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHy 87-14406
Light Element Nucleosynthesis (1984)
Walker, T.P., Viola, V.E., Mathews, G.J.
This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHy 87-14406
Stellare Neutroneneinfangraten von `4`6Ca und `4`8Ca. (1984)
Kaeppeler, F., Walter, G., Mathews, G.J.
Fruehjahrstagung DPG, Kernphysik, Innsbruck, A, 26.-30.Maerz 1984
The role of direct radiative capture for the reaction rates of the r-process. (1983)
Spring Meeting of the Nuclear Physics Sections of the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft, Nederlandse Natuurkundige Vereniging, Belgische Natuurkundige Vereniging, Muenster, March 21-25, 1983
Neutron capture cross sections and the stellar nucleosynthesis of neodymium isotopes. (1983)
Mathews, G.J., Ward, R.A., Kaeppeler, F.
Meeting of the Nuclear Physics Division of the American Physical Society, Notre Dame, Ind., October 13-15, 1983
Stellar neutron capture cross section for `4`6`,`4`8Ca. (1983)
Mathews, G.J., Kaeppeler, F., Walter, G.
Meeting of the Nuclear Physics Division of the American Physical Society, Notre Dame, Ind., October 13-15, 1983
Almeida, J., Bao, Z.Y., Beer, H., Fabbri, F., Hong, L.D., Kaeppeler, F., ...
In: Progress Report on Nuclear Data Research in the Federal Republic of Germany for the Period April 1, 1982 to March 31, 1983
Low-Energy 3He(α, γ)7Be Cross-Section Measurements (1982)
Osborne, J. L., Barnes, C. A., Kavanagh, R. W., Kremer, R. M., Mathews, G. J., Zyskind, J. L., ...
The cross section and branching ratio for 3He(α, γ)7Be have been measured from Ec.m.=165 to 1170 keV by counting prompt γ rays from a windowless, recirculating, 3He gas target. Absolute cross...
A Global Study of the p+27-Al Reaction at 180 MeV (1982)
Kwiatkowski, K., Zhou, S., Viola, V.E. Jr., Ward, T.E., Mathews, G.J., Breuer, H., ...
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY 81-14339 and by Indiana University
A Global Study of the p+27-Al Reaction at 180 MeV (1982)
Kwiatkowski, K., Zhou, S., Viola, V.E. Jr., Ward, T.E., Mathews, G.J., Breuer, H., ...
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY 81-14339 and by Indiana University
Fast-particle emission in the deep-inelastic reaction Cu+$^{20}$Ne at 12.6 MeV per nucleon (1981)
Schmitt, R.P., Wozniak, G.J., Rattazzi, G.U., Mathews, G.J., Regimbart, R., Moretto, L.G.
Fast-particle emission in the deep-inelastic reaction Cu+$^{20}$Ne at 12.6 MeV per nucleon (1981)
Schmitt, R.P., Wozniak, G.J., Rattazzi, G.U., Mathews, G.J., Regimbart, R., Moretto, L.G.
Total Mass and Charge Distributions in the p + 27-Al Reaction at 180 MeV (1981)
Zhou, S., Kwiatkowski, K., Ward, T.E., Viola, V.E. Jr., Breuer, H., Gokmen, A., ...
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grants NSF PHY 78-22774 A03, NSF PHY 81-14339, and by Indiana University
Total Mass and Charge Distributions in the p + 27-Al Reaction at 180 MeV (1981)
Zhou, S., Kwiatkowski, K., Ward, T.E., Viola, V.E. Jr., Breuer, H., Gokmen, A., ...
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grants NSF PHY 78-22774 A03, NSF PHY 81-14339, and by Indiana University
A scenario for the 220 MeV $^{40}$Ar+$^{238}$U reaction (1979)
Mathews, G.J., Sobotka, L.G., Wozniak, G.J., Regimbart, R., Schmitt, R.P., Rattazzi, G.U., ...