G. M. Rubin

Loss of tramtrack gene activity results in ectopic R7 cell formation, even in a sina mutant background.

Lai, Z C, Harrison, S D, Karim, F, Li, Y, Rubin, G M

We have screened a collection of transposable-element-induced mutations for those which dominantly modify the extra R7 phenotype of a hypomorphic yan mutation. The members of one of the identified...

Gene disruptions using P transposable elements: an integral component of the Drosophila genome project.

Spradling, A C, Stern, D M, Kiss, I, Roote, J, Laverty, T, Rubin, G M

Biologists require genetic as well as molecular tools to decipher genomic information and ultimately to understand gene function. The Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project is addressing these needs with...

Functional domain analysis of glass, a zinc-finger-containing transcription factor in Drosophila.

O'Neill, E M, Ellis, M C, Rubin, G M, Tjian, R

The glass gene is required for proper photo-receptor differentiation during development of the Drosophila eye glass codes for a DNA-binding protein containing five zinc fingers that we show is a...

Identification of genes that interact with the sina gene in Drosophila eye development.

Carthew, R W, Neufeld, T P, Rubin, G M

The sina gene encodes a nuclear protein that is required for the correct development of R7 photoreceptor cells in the Drosophila eye. We conducted a genetic screen for mutations that reduce the...

Loss of function of the Drosophila zfh-1 gene results in abnormal development of mesodermally derived tissues.

Lai, Z C, Rushton, E, Bate, M, Rubin, G M

The Drosophila zfh-1 gene encodes an unusual protein with nine Cys2His2 type zinc-finger motifs and one homeodomain that shows a complex pattern of expression in the embryonic mesoderm and nervous...

The interaction of bride of sevenless with sevenless is conserved between Drosophila virilis and Drosophila melanogaster.

Hart, A C, Harrison, S D, Van Vactor, D L, Rubin, G M, Zipursky, S L

An inductive interaction between the sevenless (sev) transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor and the bride of sevenless (boss) transmembrane ligand is required for the development of the R7...

Analysis of the enhancer element that controls expression of sevenless in the developing Drosophila eye.

Bowtell, D D, Lila, T, Michael, W M, Hackett, D, Rubin, G M

The sevenless gene encodes a protein-tyrosine kinase receptor expressed in a complex pattern during the development of the Drosophila melanogaster eye. We have previously shown that this pattern is...

Isolation of temperature-sensitive mutations of the tyrosine kinase receptor sevenless (sev) in Drosophila and their use in determining its time of action.

Mullins, M C, Rubin, G M

Loss-of-function mutations in the sevenless (sev) gene in Drosophila result in the failure to differentiate a specific photoreceptor cell type--namely, the R7 cell. The sev gene encodes a...

Evolution of gene position: chromosomal arrangement and sequence comparison of the Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila virilis sina and Rh4 genes.

Neufeld, T P, Carthew, R W, Rubin, G M

The seven in absentia (sina) gene of Drosophila encodes a nuclear protein required for normal eye development. In Drosophila melanogaster, the sina gene is located within an intron of the Rh4 opsin...

Cloning and characterization of a receptor-class phosphotyrosine phosphatase gene expressed on central nervous system axons in Drosophila melanogaster.

Hariharan, I K, Chuang, P T, Rubin, G M

We have cloned and characterized cDNAs coding for a receptor-class phosphotyrosine phosphatase gene from Drosophila melanogaster. The gene maps to the polytene chromosome bands 99A7-8. The cDNA...

Comparison of the sevenless genes of Drosophila virilis and Drosophila melanogaster.

Michael, W M, Bowtell, D D, Rubin, G M

The sevenless gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor required for normal eye development. We report here the isolation and DNA sequence analysis of the...

Structural and functional comparisons of the Drosophila virilis and Drosophila melanogaster rough genes.

Heberlein, U, Rubin, G M

We have isolated the homeobox gene rough (ro) from Drosophila virilis. Comparison of the predicted amino acid sequences of the D. melanogaster and D. virilis rough proteins reveals that domains of...

Drosophila and human RecQ5 exist in different isoforms generated by alternative splicing.

Sekelsky, J J, Brodsky, M H, Rubin, G M, Hawley, R S

Members of the RecQ helicase superfamily have been implicated in DNA repair, recombination and replication. Although the genome of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes only a single...

Identification and purification of a Drosophila protein that binds to the terminal 31-base-pair inverted repeats of the P transposable element.

Rio, D C, Rubin, G M

We have used DNase I footprinting and partially fractionated nuclear extracts from Drosophila Kc tissue culture cells to identify DNA-binding proteins that interact with the terminal repeats of P...

Regulation of the complex pattern of sevenless expression in the developing Drosophila eye.

Bowtell, D D, Kimmel, B E, Simon, M A, Rubin, G M

The sevenless gene encodes a cell surface receptor that has protein-tyrosine kinase activity and is expressed in a highly specific and complex pattern in the developing Drosophila eye. We have...

Construction, stable transformation, and function of an amber suppressor tRNA gene in Drosophila melanogaster.

Laski, F A, Ganguly, S, Sharp, P A, RajBhandary, U L, Rubin, G M

Drosophila melanogaster strains with a stably incorporated amber suppressor tRNA gene have been generated. A tRNATyr gene was site specifically mutated to produce an anticodon sequence that...

Structure and activity of the sevenless protein: a protein tyrosine kinase receptor required for photoreceptor development in Drosophila.

Simon, M A, Bowtell, D D, Rubin, G M

The sevenless gene encodes a putative protein tyrosine kinase receptor that is required for the proper differentiation of the R7 photoreceptor cells of the Drosophila eye. We have expressed the...

Vectors for P element-mediated gene transfer in Drosophila.

Rubin, G M, Spradling, A C

We have constructed and tested several new vectors for P element-mediated gene transfer. These vectors contain restriction sites for cloning a wide variety of DNA fragments within a small,...

The 5' termini of RNAs encoded by the transposable element copia.

Flavell, A J, Levis, R, Simon, M A, Rubin, G M

The 5' termini of copia-specific RNAs in Drosophila melanogaster tissue culture cells were determined by S1 nuclease mapping and cap analysis. Both major copia RNAs share an identical set of...

Physical map of the white locus of Drosophila melanogaster.

Levis, R, Bingham, P M, Rubin, G M

The white locus of Drosophila melanogaster is a genetically well-characterized locus, mutations in which alter the degree of pattern of pigmentation of the eyes. Using a previously cloned DNA segment...

Translation and developmental regulation of RNA encoded by the eukaryotic transposable element copia.

Flavell, A J, Ruby, S W, Toole, J J, Roberts, B E, Rubin, G M

copia-specific RNA was isolated from Drosophila melanogaster tissue culture cells by hybridization of cytoplasmic polyadenylylated RNA to copia DNA immobilized on cellulose. The purified RNA was...

Transformation of cultured Drosophila melanogaster cells with a dominant selectable marker.

Rio, D C, Rubin, G M

We have developed a method for the stable and efficient introduction of foreign DNA into Drosophila melanogaster tissue culture cells. A plasmid vector was constructed that carries the bacterial...

Complete nucleotide sequence of the Drosophila transposable element copia: homology between copia and retroviral proteins.

Mount, S M, Rubin, G M

We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the copia element present at the white-apricot allele of the white locus in Drosophila melanogaster. This transposable element is 5,146...

Isolation and characterization of the disconnected gene of Drosophila melanogaster.

Heilig, J S, Freeman, M, Laverty, T, Lee, K J, Campos, A R, Rubin, G M, ...

Mutations in the disco (disconnected) gene prevent the establishment of stable connections between the larval optic nerves, the Bolwig's nerves, and their target cells in the brain during embryonic...

Separable cis-acting control elements for expression of the white gene of Drosophila.

Levis, R, Hazelrigg, T, Rubin, G M

The white gene of Drosophila is required for the pigmentation of the eyes, ocelli, Malpighian tubules and testis sheath. We have examined the regulation of white expression in germ line transformants...

Partial Revertants of the Transposable Element-Associated Suppressible Allele White-Apricot in Drosophila Melanogaster: Structures and Responsiveness to Genetic Modifiers

Mount, S. M., Green, M. M., Rubin, G. M.

The eye color phenotype of white-apricot (w(a)), a mutant allele of the white locus caused by the insertion of the transposable element copia into a small intron, is suppressed by the extragenic...

P Element Insertions and Rearrangements at the Singed Locus of Drosophila Melanogaster

Roiha, H., Rubin, G. M., O'Hare, K.

DNA from the singed gene of Drosophila melanogaster was isolated using an inversion between a previously cloned P element at cytological location 17C and the hypermutable allele singed-weak. Five out...

Analysis of the Promoter of the Rh2 Opsin Gene in Drosophila Melanogaster

Mismer, D., Michael, W. M., Laverty, T. R., Rubin, G. M.

We have analyzed the cis-acting regulatory sequences of the Drosophila melanogaster Rh2 gene that encodes the protein component of a rhodopsin which is expressed in ocellar photoreceptor cells. DNA...

Definition of Cis-Acting Elements Regulating Expression of the Drosophila Melanogaster Ninae Opsin Gene by Oligonucleotide-Directed Mutagenesis

Mismer, D., Rubin, G. M.

We have analyzed the cis-acting regulatory sequences of the Rh1 (ninaE) gene in Drosophila melanogaster by P-element-mediated germline transformation of indicator genes transcribed from mutant ninaE...

A Genetic Analysis of the 63e-64a Genomic Region of Drosophila Melanogaster: Identification of Mutations in a Replication Factor C Subunit

Harrison, S. D., Solomon, N., Rubin, G. M.

We have performed and F(2) genetic screen to identify lethal mutations within the 63E-64A genomic region. We have isolated 122 mutations in 20 different complementation groups. Of these groups, 16...

A Screen for Genes That Function Downstream of Ras1 during Drosophila Eye Development

Karim, F. D., Chang, H. C., Therrien, M., Wassarman, D. A., Laverty, T., Rubin, G. M.

Cell-fate specification of the R7 photoreceptor cell is controlled by the sevenless receptor tyrosine kinase (SevRTK) and Ras1, the Drosophila homologue of mammalian H-ras, K-ras and N-ras oncogenes....

A genetic screen to identify components of the sina signaling pathway in Drosophila eye development.

Neufeld, T P, Tang, A H, Rubin, G M

Specification of the R7 photoreceptor cell in the developing Drosophila eye requires the seven in absentia (sina) gene. We demonstrate that ectopic expression of sina in all cells behind the...

The Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project gene disruption project: Single P-element insertions mutating 25% of vital Drosophila genes.

Spradling, A C, Stern, D, Beaton, A, Rhem, E J, Laverty, T, Mozden, N, ...

A fundamental goal of genetics and functional genomics is to identify and mutate every gene in model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster. The Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project (BDGP) gene...

A genetic screen for novel components of the Ras/Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway that interact with the yan gene of Drosophila identifies split ends, a new RNA recognition motif-containing protein.

Rebay, I, Chen, F, Hsiao, F, Kolodziej, P A, Kuang, B H, Laverty, T, ...

The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling pathway is used reiteratively during the development of all multicellular organisms. While the core RTK/Ras/MAPK signaling cassette has been studied...

A misexpression screen identifies genes that can modulate RAS1 pathway signaling in Drosophila melanogaster.

Huang, A M, Rubin, G M

Differentiation of the R7 photoreceptor cell is dependent on the Sevenless receptor tyrosine kinase, which activates the RAS1/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascade. Kinase suppressor of...

A genetic screen for modifiers of a kinase suppressor of Ras-dependent rough eye phenotype in Drosophila.

Therrien, M, Morrison, D K, Wong, A M, Rubin, G M

kinase suppressor of Ras (ksr) encodes a putative protein kinase that by genetic criteria appears to function downstream of RAS in multiple receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) pathways. While biochemical...

Loss of tramtrack gene activity results in ectopic R7 cell formation, even in a sina mutant background.

Lai, Z C, Harrison, S D, Karim, F, Li, Y, Rubin, G M

We have screened a collection of transposable-element-induced mutations for those which dominantly modify the extra R7 phenotype of a hypomorphic yan mutation. The members of one of the identified...

Gene disruptions using P transposable elements: an integral component of the Drosophila genome project.

Spradling, A C, Stern, D M, Kiss, I, Roote, J, Laverty, T, Rubin, G M

Biologists require genetic as well as molecular tools to decipher genomic information and ultimately to understand gene function. The Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project is addressing these needs with...

Functional domain analysis of glass, a zinc-finger-containing transcription factor in Drosophila.

O'Neill, E M, Ellis, M C, Rubin, G M, Tjian, R

The glass gene is required for proper photo-receptor differentiation during development of the Drosophila eye glass codes for a DNA-binding protein containing five zinc fingers that we show is a...

Identification of genes that interact with the sina gene in Drosophila eye development.

Carthew, R W, Neufeld, T P, Rubin, G M

The sina gene encodes a nuclear protein that is required for the correct development of R7 photoreceptor cells in the Drosophila eye. We conducted a genetic screen for mutations that reduce the...

Loss of function of the Drosophila zfh-1 gene results in abnormal development of mesodermally derived tissues.

Lai, Z C, Rushton, E, Bate, M, Rubin, G M

The Drosophila zfh-1 gene encodes an unusual protein with nine Cys2His2 type zinc-finger motifs and one homeodomain that shows a complex pattern of expression in the embryonic mesoderm and nervous...

The interaction of bride of sevenless with sevenless is conserved between Drosophila virilis and Drosophila melanogaster.

Hart, A C, Harrison, S D, Van Vactor, D L, Rubin, G M, Zipursky, S L

An inductive interaction between the sevenless (sev) transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor and the bride of sevenless (boss) transmembrane ligand is required for the development of the R7...

Analysis of the enhancer element that controls expression of sevenless in the developing Drosophila eye.

Bowtell, D D, Lila, T, Michael, W M, Hackett, D, Rubin, G M

The sevenless gene encodes a protein-tyrosine kinase receptor expressed in a complex pattern during the development of the Drosophila melanogaster eye. We have previously shown that this pattern is...

Isolation of temperature-sensitive mutations of the tyrosine kinase receptor sevenless (sev) in Drosophila and their use in determining its time of action.

Mullins, M C, Rubin, G M

Loss-of-function mutations in the sevenless (sev) gene in Drosophila result in the failure to differentiate a specific photoreceptor cell type--namely, the R7 cell. The sev gene encodes a...

Evolution of gene position: chromosomal arrangement and sequence comparison of the Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila virilis sina and Rh4 genes.

Neufeld, T P, Carthew, R W, Rubin, G M

The seven in absentia (sina) gene of Drosophila encodes a nuclear protein required for normal eye development. In Drosophila melanogaster, the sina gene is located within an intron of the Rh4 opsin...

Cloning and characterization of a receptor-class phosphotyrosine phosphatase gene expressed on central nervous system axons in Drosophila melanogaster.

Hariharan, I K, Chuang, P T, Rubin, G M

We have cloned and characterized cDNAs coding for a receptor-class phosphotyrosine phosphatase gene from Drosophila melanogaster. The gene maps to the polytene chromosome bands 99A7-8. The cDNA...

Comparison of the sevenless genes of Drosophila virilis and Drosophila melanogaster.

Michael, W M, Bowtell, D D, Rubin, G M

The sevenless gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor required for normal eye development. We report here the isolation and DNA sequence analysis of the...

Structural and functional comparisons of the Drosophila virilis and Drosophila melanogaster rough genes.

Heberlein, U, Rubin, G M

We have isolated the homeobox gene rough (ro) from Drosophila virilis. Comparison of the predicted amino acid sequences of the D. melanogaster and D. virilis rough proteins reveals that domains of...

Drosophila and human RecQ5 exist in different isoforms generated by alternative splicing.

Sekelsky, J J, Brodsky, M H, Rubin, G M, Hawley, R S

Members of the RecQ helicase superfamily have been implicated in DNA repair, recombination and replication. Although the genome of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes only a single...

Identification and purification of a Drosophila protein that binds to the terminal 31-base-pair inverted repeats of the P transposable element.

Rio, D C, Rubin, G M

We have used DNase I footprinting and partially fractionated nuclear extracts from Drosophila Kc tissue culture cells to identify DNA-binding proteins that interact with the terminal repeats of P...

Regulation of the complex pattern of sevenless expression in the developing Drosophila eye.

Bowtell, D D, Kimmel, B E, Simon, M A, Rubin, G M

The sevenless gene encodes a cell surface receptor that has protein-tyrosine kinase activity and is expressed in a highly specific and complex pattern in the developing Drosophila eye. We have...

Construction, stable transformation, and function of an amber suppressor tRNA gene in Drosophila melanogaster.

Laski, F A, Ganguly, S, Sharp, P A, RajBhandary, U L, Rubin, G M

Drosophila melanogaster strains with a stably incorporated amber suppressor tRNA gene have been generated. A tRNATyr gene was site specifically mutated to produce an anticodon sequence that...

Structure and activity of the sevenless protein: a protein tyrosine kinase receptor required for photoreceptor development in Drosophila.

Simon, M A, Bowtell, D D, Rubin, G M

The sevenless gene encodes a putative protein tyrosine kinase receptor that is required for the proper differentiation of the R7 photoreceptor cells of the Drosophila eye. We have expressed the...

Vectors for P element-mediated gene transfer in Drosophila.

Rubin, G M, Spradling, A C

We have constructed and tested several new vectors for P element-mediated gene transfer. These vectors contain restriction sites for cloning a wide variety of DNA fragments within a small,...

The 5' termini of RNAs encoded by the transposable element copia.

Flavell, A J, Levis, R, Simon, M A, Rubin, G M

The 5' termini of copia-specific RNAs in Drosophila melanogaster tissue culture cells were determined by S1 nuclease mapping and cap analysis. Both major copia RNAs share an identical set of...

Physical map of the white locus of Drosophila melanogaster.

Levis, R, Bingham, P M, Rubin, G M

The white locus of Drosophila melanogaster is a genetically well-characterized locus, mutations in which alter the degree of pattern of pigmentation of the eyes. Using a previously cloned DNA segment...

Translation and developmental regulation of RNA encoded by the eukaryotic transposable element copia.

Flavell, A J, Ruby, S W, Toole, J J, Roberts, B E, Rubin, G M

copia-specific RNA was isolated from Drosophila melanogaster tissue culture cells by hybridization of cytoplasmic polyadenylylated RNA to copia DNA immobilized on cellulose. The purified RNA was...

Transformation of cultured Drosophila melanogaster cells with a dominant selectable marker.

Rio, D C, Rubin, G M

We have developed a method for the stable and efficient introduction of foreign DNA into Drosophila melanogaster tissue culture cells. A plasmid vector was constructed that carries the bacterial...

Complete nucleotide sequence of the Drosophila transposable element copia: homology between copia and retroviral proteins.

Mount, S M, Rubin, G M

We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the copia element present at the white-apricot allele of the white locus in Drosophila melanogaster. This transposable element is 5,146...

Isolation and characterization of the disconnected gene of Drosophila melanogaster.

Heilig, J S, Freeman, M, Laverty, T, Lee, K J, Campos, A R, Rubin, G M, ...

Mutations in the disco (disconnected) gene prevent the establishment of stable connections between the larval optic nerves, the Bolwig's nerves, and their target cells in the brain during embryonic...

Separable cis-acting control elements for expression of the white gene of Drosophila.

Levis, R, Hazelrigg, T, Rubin, G M

The white gene of Drosophila is required for the pigmentation of the eyes, ocelli, Malpighian tubules and testis sheath. We have examined the regulation of white expression in germ line transformants...

Partial Revertants of the Transposable Element-Associated Suppressible Allele White-Apricot in Drosophila Melanogaster: Structures and Responsiveness to Genetic Modifiers

Mount, S. M., Green, M. M., Rubin, G. M.

The eye color phenotype of white-apricot (w(a)), a mutant allele of the white locus caused by the insertion of the transposable element copia into a small intron, is suppressed by the extragenic...

P Element Insertions and Rearrangements at the Singed Locus of Drosophila Melanogaster

Roiha, H., Rubin, G. M., O'Hare, K.

DNA from the singed gene of Drosophila melanogaster was isolated using an inversion between a previously cloned P element at cytological location 17C and the hypermutable allele singed-weak. Five out...

Analysis of the Promoter of the Rh2 Opsin Gene in Drosophila Melanogaster

Mismer, D., Michael, W. M., Laverty, T. R., Rubin, G. M.

We have analyzed the cis-acting regulatory sequences of the Drosophila melanogaster Rh2 gene that encodes the protein component of a rhodopsin which is expressed in ocellar photoreceptor cells. DNA...

Definition of Cis-Acting Elements Regulating Expression of the Drosophila Melanogaster Ninae Opsin Gene by Oligonucleotide-Directed Mutagenesis

Mismer, D., Rubin, G. M.

We have analyzed the cis-acting regulatory sequences of the Rh1 (ninaE) gene in Drosophila melanogaster by P-element-mediated germline transformation of indicator genes transcribed from mutant ninaE...

A Genetic Analysis of the 63e-64a Genomic Region of Drosophila Melanogaster: Identification of Mutations in a Replication Factor C Subunit

Harrison, S. D., Solomon, N., Rubin, G. M.

We have performed and F(2) genetic screen to identify lethal mutations within the 63E-64A genomic region. We have isolated 122 mutations in 20 different complementation groups. Of these groups, 16...

A Screen for Genes That Function Downstream of Ras1 during Drosophila Eye Development

Karim, F. D., Chang, H. C., Therrien, M., Wassarman, D. A., Laverty, T., Rubin, G. M.

Cell-fate specification of the R7 photoreceptor cell is controlled by the sevenless receptor tyrosine kinase (SevRTK) and Ras1, the Drosophila homologue of mammalian H-ras, K-ras and N-ras oncogenes....

A genetic screen to identify components of the sina signaling pathway in Drosophila eye development.

Neufeld, T P, Tang, A H, Rubin, G M

Specification of the R7 photoreceptor cell in the developing Drosophila eye requires the seven in absentia (sina) gene. We demonstrate that ectopic expression of sina in all cells behind the...

The Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project gene disruption project: Single P-element insertions mutating 25% of vital Drosophila genes.

Spradling, A C, Stern, D, Beaton, A, Rhem, E J, Laverty, T, Mozden, N, ...

A fundamental goal of genetics and functional genomics is to identify and mutate every gene in model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster. The Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project (BDGP) gene...

A genetic screen for novel components of the Ras/Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway that interact with the yan gene of Drosophila identifies split ends, a new RNA recognition motif-containing protein.

Rebay, I, Chen, F, Hsiao, F, Kolodziej, P A, Kuang, B H, Laverty, T, ...

The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling pathway is used reiteratively during the development of all multicellular organisms. While the core RTK/Ras/MAPK signaling cassette has been studied...

A misexpression screen identifies genes that can modulate RAS1 pathway signaling in Drosophila melanogaster.

Huang, A M, Rubin, G M

Differentiation of the R7 photoreceptor cell is dependent on the Sevenless receptor tyrosine kinase, which activates the RAS1/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascade. Kinase suppressor of...

A genetic screen for modifiers of a kinase suppressor of Ras-dependent rough eye phenotype in Drosophila.

Therrien, M, Morrison, D K, Wong, A M, Rubin, G M

kinase suppressor of Ras (ksr) encodes a putative protein kinase that by genetic criteria appears to function downstream of RAS in multiple receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) pathways. While biochemical...