Guido Silvestri

Conservation of Nef function across highly diverse lineages of SIVsmm (2009)

Schmökel, Jan, Li, Hui, Bailes, Elizabeth, Schindler, Michael, Silvestri, Guido, Hahn, Beatrice H, ...

Abstract Background SIVsmm is a simian immunodeficiency virus that persists efficiently without causing disease in naturally infected sooty mangabeys (SMs) but induces AIDS upon cross-species...

Understanding the benign nature of SIV infection in natural hosts. (2007)

Silvestri, Guido, Paiardini, Mirko, Pandrea, Ivona, Lederman, Michael M., Sodora, Donald L.

In striking contrast to HIV infection, natural SIV infection of African nonhuman primates is asymptomatic and usually does not induce significant CD4+ T cell depletion despite high levels of virus...

Exogenous Interleukin-2 Administration Corrects the Cell Cycle Perturbation of Lymphocytes from Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals

Paiardini, Mirko, Galati, Domenico, Cervasi, Barbara, Cannavo, Giuseppe, Galluzzi, Luca, Montroni, Maria, ...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced immunodeficiency is characterized by progressive loss of CD4+ T cells associated with functional abnormalities of the surviving lymphocytes. Increased...

Turnover of lymphocytes and conceptual paradigms in HIV infection

Silvestri, Guido, Feinberg, Mark B.

Prevailing views concerning the pathogenic mechanisms of AIDS have shifted from models that focus primarily on direct HIV-mediated killing of CD4+ T cells to models that emphasize the pathogenic role...

Blockade of T cell costimulation reveals interrelated actions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in control of SIV replication

Garber, David A., Silvestri, Guido, Barry, Ashley P., Fedanov, Andrew, Kozyr, Natalia, McClure, Harold, ...

In vivo blockade of CD28 and CD40 T cell costimulation pathways during acute simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of rhesus macaques was performed to assess the relative contributions of...

Roles of Target Cells and Virus-Specific Cellular Immunity in Primary Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Regoes, Roland R., Antia, Rustom, Garber, David A., Silvestri, Guido, Feinberg, Mark B., Staprans, Silvija I.

There is an ongoing debate on whether acute human immunodeficiency virus infection is controlled by target cell limitation or by virus-specific cellular immunity. To resolve this question, we...

Enhanced SIV replication and accelerated progression to AIDS in macaques primed to mount a CD4 T cell response to the SIV envelope protein

Staprans, Silvija I., Barry, Ashley P., Silvestri, Guido, Safrit, Jeffrey T., Kozyr, Natalia, Sumpter, Beth, ...

Given the dual role of CD4 T cells as both immune effectors and targets for HIV infection, the balance of CD4 versus CD8 T cell-mediated responses induced by candidate AIDS vaccines may be critical...

Divergent Host Responses during Primary Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVsm Infection of Natural Sooty Mangabey and Nonnatural Rhesus Macaque Hosts

Silvestri, Guido, Fedanov, Andrew, Germon, Stephanie, Kozyr, Natalia, Kaiser, William J., Garber, David A., ...

To understand how natural sooty mangabey hosts avoid AIDS despite high levels of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) SIVsm replication, we inoculated mangabeys and nonnatural rhesus macaque hosts...

Vaccinia Virus Tropism for Primary Hematolymphoid Cells Is Determined by Restricted Expression of a Unique Virus Receptor

Chahroudi, Ann, Chavan, Rahul, Koyzr, Natalia, Waller, Edmund K., Silvestri, Guido, Feinberg, Mark B.

The presumed broad tropism of poxviruses has stymied attempts to identify both the cellular receptor(s) and the viral determinant(s) for binding. Detailed studies of poxvirus binding to and infection...

Exogenous Interleukin-2 Administration Corrects the Cell Cycle Perturbation of Lymphocytes from Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals

Paiardini, Mirko, Galati, Domenico, Cervasi, Barbara, Cannavo, Giuseppe, Galluzzi, Luca, Montroni, Maria, ...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced immunodeficiency is characterized by progressive loss of CD4+ T cells associated with functional abnormalities of the surviving lymphocytes. Increased...

Turnover of lymphocytes and conceptual paradigms in HIV infection

Silvestri, Guido, Feinberg, Mark B.

Prevailing views concerning the pathogenic mechanisms of AIDS have shifted from models that focus primarily on direct HIV-mediated killing of CD4+ T cells to models that emphasize the pathogenic role...

Blockade of T cell costimulation reveals interrelated actions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in control of SIV replication

Garber, David A., Silvestri, Guido, Barry, Ashley P., Fedanov, Andrew, Kozyr, Natalia, McClure, Harold, ...

In vivo blockade of CD28 and CD40 T cell costimulation pathways during acute simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of rhesus macaques was performed to assess the relative contributions of...

Roles of Target Cells and Virus-Specific Cellular Immunity in Primary Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Regoes, Roland R., Antia, Rustom, Garber, David A., Silvestri, Guido, Feinberg, Mark B., Staprans, Silvija I.

There is an ongoing debate on whether acute human immunodeficiency virus infection is controlled by target cell limitation or by virus-specific cellular immunity. To resolve this question, we...

Enhanced SIV replication and accelerated progression to AIDS in macaques primed to mount a CD4 T cell response to the SIV envelope protein

Staprans, Silvija I., Barry, Ashley P., Silvestri, Guido, Safrit, Jeffrey T., Kozyr, Natalia, Sumpter, Beth, ...

Given the dual role of CD4 T cells as both immune effectors and targets for HIV infection, the balance of CD4 versus CD8 T cell-mediated responses induced by candidate AIDS vaccines may be critical...

Divergent Host Responses during Primary Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVsm Infection of Natural Sooty Mangabey and Nonnatural Rhesus Macaque Hosts

Silvestri, Guido, Fedanov, Andrew, Germon, Stephanie, Kozyr, Natalia, Kaiser, William J., Garber, David A., ...

To understand how natural sooty mangabey hosts avoid AIDS despite high levels of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) SIVsm replication, we inoculated mangabeys and nonnatural rhesus macaque hosts...

Vaccinia Virus Tropism for Primary Hematolymphoid Cells Is Determined by Restricted Expression of a Unique Virus Receptor

Chahroudi, Ann, Chavan, Rahul, Koyzr, Natalia, Waller, Edmund K., Silvestri, Guido, Feinberg, Mark B.

The presumed broad tropism of poxviruses has stymied attempts to identify both the cellular receptor(s) and the viral determinant(s) for binding. Detailed studies of poxvirus binding to and infection...

Timely triggering of homeostatic mechanisms involved in the regulation of T-cell levels in SIVsm-infected sooty mangabeys

Muthukumar, Alagarraju, Zhou, Dejiang, Paiardini, Mirko, Barry, Ashley P., Cole, Kelly S., McClure, Harold M., ...

Sooty mangabeys, the natural host of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVsm), generally avoid progressive depletion of CD4+ T cells and opportunistic infections associated with infection of humans...

The AIDS resistance of naturally SIV-infected sooty mangabeys is independent of cellular immunity to the virus

Dunham, Richard, Pagliardini, Paola, Gordon, Shari, Sumpter, Beth, Engram, Jessica, Moanna, Abeer, ...

In contrast to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected humans, natural hosts for simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) very rarely progress to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). While the...

Understanding the benign nature of SIV infection in natural hosts

Silvestri, Guido, Paiardini, Mirko, Pandrea, Ivona, Lederman, Michael M., Sodora, Donald L.

In striking contrast to HIV infection, natural SIV infection of African nonhuman primates is asymptomatic and usually does not induce significant CD4+ T cell depletion despite high levels of virus...

Virus Subtype-Specific Features of Natural Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVsmm Infection in Sooty Mangabeys▿

Apetrei, Cristian, Gautam, Rajeev, Sumpter, Beth, Carter, Anders C., Gaufin, Thaidra, Staprans, Silvija I., ...

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) SIVsmm naturally infects sooty mangabeys (SMs) and is the source virus of pathogenic infections with human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and SIVmac of...

Paucity of CD4+CCR5+ T cells is a typical feature of natural SIV hosts

Pandrea, Ivona, Apetrei, Cristian, Gordon, Shari, Barbercheck, Joseph, Dufour, Jason, Bohm, Rudolf, ...

In contrast to lentiviral infections of humans and macaques, simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of natural hosts is nonpathogenic despite high levels of viral replication. However, the...

Is Nef the elusive cause of HIV-associated hematopoietic dysfunction?

Kirchhoff, Frank, Silvestri, Guido

HIV-associated hematological abnormalities involve all lineages of blood cells, thus implying that the virus impairs the function of early HSCs. However, the underlying mechanisms of this defect are...

Gamma/Delta T-Cell Functional Responses Differ after Pathogenic Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Nonpathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infections▿

Kosub, David A., Lehrman, Ginger, Milush, Jeffrey M., Zhou, Dejiang, Chacko, Elizabeth, Leone, Amanda, ...

The objective of this study was to functionally assess gamma/delta (γδ) T cells following pathogenic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of humans and nonpathogenic simian immunodeficiency...

Availability of activated CD4+ T cells dictates the level of viremia in naturally SIV-infected sooty mangabeys

Klatt, Nichole R., Villinger, Francois, Bostik, Pavel, Gordon, Shari N., Pereira, Lara, Engram, Jessica C., ...

Naturally SIV-infected sooty mangabeys (SMs) remain asymptomatic despite high virus replication. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying AIDS resistance of SIV-infected SMs may provide crucial...

Inefficient Nef-Mediated Downmodulation of CD3 and MHC-I Correlates with Loss of CD4+ T Cells in Natural SIV Infection

Schindler, Michael, Schmökel, Jan, Specht, Anke, Li, Hui, Münch, Jan, Khalid, Mohammad, ...

Recent data suggest that Nef-mediated downmodulation of TCR-CD3 may protect SIVsmm-infected sooty mangabeys (SMs) against the loss of CD4+ T cells. However, the mechanisms underlying this protective...

Short-Lived Infected Cells Support Virus Replication in Sooty Mangabeys Naturally Infected with Simian Immunodeficiency Virus: Implications for AIDS Pathogenesis▿

Gordon, Shari N., Dunham, Richard M., Engram, Jessica C., Estes, Jacob, Wang, Zichun, Klatt, Nichole R., ...

Sooty mangabeys (SMs) naturally infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) do not develop AIDS despite high levels of virus replication. At present, the mechanisms underlying this disease...

Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVagm Dynamics in African Green Monkeys▿

Pandrea, Ivona, Ribeiro, Ruy M., Gautam, Rajeev, Gaufin, Thaidra, Pattison, Melissa, Barnes, Mary, ...

The mechanisms underlying the lack of disease progression in natural simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) hosts are still poorly understood. To test the hypothesis that SIV-infected African green...

Paucity of CD4+ CCR5+ T Cells May Prevent Transmission of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus in Natural Nonhuman Primate Hosts by Breast-Feeding▿

Pandrea, Ivona, Onanga, Richard, Souquiere, Sandrine, Mouinga-Ondéme, Augustin, Bourry, Olivier, Makuwa, Maria, ...

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) persistence in wild populations of African nonhuman primates (NHPs) may occur through horizontal and vertical transmission. However, the mechanism(s) and timing of...

Differential Th17 CD4 T-cell depletion in pathogenic and nonpathogenic lentiviral infections

Brenchley, Jason M., Paiardini, Mirko, Knox, Kenneth S., Asher, Ava I., Cervasi, Barbara, Asher, Tedi E., ...

Acute HIV infection is characterized by massive loss of CD4 T cells from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Th17 cells are critical in the defense against microbes, particularly at mucosal surfaces....

Mode of Transmission Affects the Sensitivity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 to Restriction by Rhesus TRIM5α ▿

Richardson, Max W., Carroll, Richard G., Stremlau, Matthew, Korokhov, Nikolay, Humeau, Laurent M., Silvestri, Guido, ...

Rhesus TRIM5α (rhTRIM5α), but not human TRIM5α (huTRIM5α), potently inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and is thus a potentially valuable therapeutic tool. Primary human CD4 T...

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef Induces Programmed Death 1 Expression through a p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Dependent Mechanism▿

Muthumani, Karuppiah, Choo, Andrew Y., Shedlock, Devon J., Laddy, Dominick J., Sundaram, Senthil G., Hirao, Lauren, ...

Chronic viral infection is characterized by the functional impairment of virus-specific T-cell responses. Recent evidence has suggested that the inhibitory receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1) is...