H. D. Flad

Endotoxin activates human vascular smooth muscle cells despite lack of expression of CD14 mRNA or endogenous membrane CD14.

Loppnow, H, Stelter, F, Schönbeck, U, Schlüter, C, Ernst, M, Schütt, C, ...

During infection or inflammation, cells of the blood vessel wall, such as endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC), contribute to the regulation of the immune response by production of...

Binding of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to an 80-kilodalton membrane protein of human cells is mediated by soluble CD14 and LPS-binding protein.

Schletter, J, Brade, H, Brade, L, Krüger, C, Loppnow, H, Kusumoto, S, ...

Activation of cells by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of gram-negative septic shock. The 55-kDa glycoprotein CD14 is known to bind LPS and initiate cell...

Glycosphingolipids from Sphingomonas paucimobilis induce monokine production in human mononuclear cells.

Krziwon, C, Zähringer, U, Kawahara, K, Weidemann, B, Kusumoto, S, Rietschel, E T, ...

Glycosphingolipids (GSL) isolated from the gram-negative lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-free bacterium Sphingomonas paucimobilis have remarkable structural similarities with LPS and its hydrophobic part,...

Apoptosis of monocytes and prolonged survival of granulocytes as a result of phagocytosis of bacteria.

Baran, J, Guzik, K, Hryniewicz, W, Ernst, M, Flad, H D, Pryjma, J

Monocytes and granulocytes were incubated with suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Salmonella enteritidis and, after being washed free of bacteria,...

Effect of in vitro infection of human monocytes with low numbers of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria on monocyte apoptosis.

Dürrbaum-Landmann, I, Gercken, J, Flad, H D, Ernst, M

The effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv on spontaneous apoptosis of human monocytes from healthy donors in vitro was investigated. Infection with low numbers of viable M. tuberculosis bacteria...

Specific binding of soluble peptidoglycan and muramyldipeptide to CD14 on human monocytes.

Weidemann, B, Schletter, J, Dziarski, R, Kusumoto, S, Stelter, F, Rietschel, E T, ...

Previously, we were able to show that soluble peptidoglycan (sPG)-induced monokine production in human peripheral monocytes is inhibited by anti-CD14 monoclonal antibodies and by lipid A partial...

Altered antigen-presenting capacity of human monocytes after phagocytosis of bacteria.

Pryjma, J, Baran, J, Ernst, M, Woloszyn, M, Flad, H D

The antigen-presenting and accessory functions of monocytes were studied after phagocytosis of bacteria. Peripheral blood monocytes isolated from mononuclear cells by counterflow elutriation were...

Biological activity of synthetic phosphonooxyethyl analogs of lipid A and lipid A partial structures.

Ulmer, A J, Heine, H, Feist, W, Kusumoto, S, Kusama, T, Brade, H, ...

We investigated the biological activity of four new synthetic analogs of lipid A, termed PE-1, PE-2, PE-3, and PE-4. All compounds contain an alpha-oxyethyl-linked (-O-CH2-CH2-) phosphoryl group in...

Inhibitory and stimulatory effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyocyanine on human T and B lymphocytes and human monocytes.

Ulmer, A J, Pryjma, J, Tarnok, Z, Ernst, M, Flad, H D

Pyocyanine, a pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, has dual dose-dependent stimulatory as well as inhibitory effects on immune responses in vitro as measured by DNA synthesis of human T and B...

Inhibition of endotoxin-induced interleukin-6 production by synthetic lipid A partial structures in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Wang, M H, Flad, H D, Feist, W, Brade, H, Kusumoto, S, Rietschel, E T, ...

The effect of two synthetic lipid A partial structures, compound 406 (or LA-14-PP, identical in structure to the lipid A precursor, known as Ia or IVa) and compound 401 (lipid X), on the in vitro...

Defective antigen presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected monocytes.

Gercken, J, Pryjma, J, Ernst, M, Flad, H D

In this study we investigated the effect of an in vitro infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis on the ability of human monocytes to present the soluble antigen tetanus toxoid to T cells. We...

Soluble peptidoglycan-induced monokine production can be blocked by anti-CD14 monoclonal antibodies and by lipid A partial structures.

Weidemann, B, Brade, H, Rietschel, E T, Dziarski, R, Bazil, V, Kusumoto, S, ...

We have investigated the interaction of soluble peptidoglycan (sPG), in comparison with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with human mononuclear cells (MNC) by determining the capacity of sPG to induce...

Epitope analysis of antibodies recognising the cell proliferation associated nuclear antigen previously defined by the antibody Ki-67 (Ki-67 protein).

Kubbutat, M H, Key, G, Duchrow, M, Schlüter, C, Flad, H D, Gerdes, J

AIMS--To elucidate the fine specificities of the antibodies MIB 1 and MIB 3 and of additional monoclonal antibodies which also recognise the Ki-67 protein (MIB 5, IND.64, JG-67-2a)....

Endotoxin activates human vascular smooth muscle cells despite lack of expression of CD14 mRNA or endogenous membrane CD14.

Loppnow, H, Stelter, F, Schönbeck, U, Schlüter, C, Ernst, M, Schütt, C, ...

During infection or inflammation, cells of the blood vessel wall, such as endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC), contribute to the regulation of the immune response by production of...

Binding of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to an 80-kilodalton membrane protein of human cells is mediated by soluble CD14 and LPS-binding protein.

Schletter, J, Brade, H, Brade, L, Krüger, C, Loppnow, H, Kusumoto, S, ...

Activation of cells by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of gram-negative septic shock. The 55-kDa glycoprotein CD14 is known to bind LPS and initiate cell...

Glycosphingolipids from Sphingomonas paucimobilis induce monokine production in human mononuclear cells.

Krziwon, C, Zähringer, U, Kawahara, K, Weidemann, B, Kusumoto, S, Rietschel, E T, ...

Glycosphingolipids (GSL) isolated from the gram-negative lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-free bacterium Sphingomonas paucimobilis have remarkable structural similarities with LPS and its hydrophobic part,...

Apoptosis of monocytes and prolonged survival of granulocytes as a result of phagocytosis of bacteria.

Baran, J, Guzik, K, Hryniewicz, W, Ernst, M, Flad, H D, Pryjma, J

Monocytes and granulocytes were incubated with suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Salmonella enteritidis and, after being washed free of bacteria,...

Effect of in vitro infection of human monocytes with low numbers of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria on monocyte apoptosis.

Dürrbaum-Landmann, I, Gercken, J, Flad, H D, Ernst, M

The effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv on spontaneous apoptosis of human monocytes from healthy donors in vitro was investigated. Infection with low numbers of viable M. tuberculosis bacteria...

Specific binding of soluble peptidoglycan and muramyldipeptide to CD14 on human monocytes.

Weidemann, B, Schletter, J, Dziarski, R, Kusumoto, S, Stelter, F, Rietschel, E T, ...

Previously, we were able to show that soluble peptidoglycan (sPG)-induced monokine production in human peripheral monocytes is inhibited by anti-CD14 monoclonal antibodies and by lipid A partial...

Altered antigen-presenting capacity of human monocytes after phagocytosis of bacteria.

Pryjma, J, Baran, J, Ernst, M, Woloszyn, M, Flad, H D

The antigen-presenting and accessory functions of monocytes were studied after phagocytosis of bacteria. Peripheral blood monocytes isolated from mononuclear cells by counterflow elutriation were...

Biological activity of synthetic phosphonooxyethyl analogs of lipid A and lipid A partial structures.

Ulmer, A J, Heine, H, Feist, W, Kusumoto, S, Kusama, T, Brade, H, ...

We investigated the biological activity of four new synthetic analogs of lipid A, termed PE-1, PE-2, PE-3, and PE-4. All compounds contain an alpha-oxyethyl-linked (-O-CH2-CH2-) phosphoryl group in...

Inhibitory and stimulatory effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyocyanine on human T and B lymphocytes and human monocytes.

Ulmer, A J, Pryjma, J, Tarnok, Z, Ernst, M, Flad, H D

Pyocyanine, a pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, has dual dose-dependent stimulatory as well as inhibitory effects on immune responses in vitro as measured by DNA synthesis of human T and B...

Inhibition of endotoxin-induced interleukin-6 production by synthetic lipid A partial structures in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Wang, M H, Flad, H D, Feist, W, Brade, H, Kusumoto, S, Rietschel, E T, ...

The effect of two synthetic lipid A partial structures, compound 406 (or LA-14-PP, identical in structure to the lipid A precursor, known as Ia or IVa) and compound 401 (lipid X), on the in vitro...

Defective antigen presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected monocytes.

Gercken, J, Pryjma, J, Ernst, M, Flad, H D

In this study we investigated the effect of an in vitro infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis on the ability of human monocytes to present the soluble antigen tetanus toxoid to T cells. We...

Soluble peptidoglycan-induced monokine production can be blocked by anti-CD14 monoclonal antibodies and by lipid A partial structures.

Weidemann, B, Brade, H, Rietschel, E T, Dziarski, R, Bazil, V, Kusumoto, S, ...

We have investigated the interaction of soluble peptidoglycan (sPG), in comparison with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with human mononuclear cells (MNC) by determining the capacity of sPG to induce...

Epitope analysis of antibodies recognising the cell proliferation associated nuclear antigen previously defined by the antibody Ki-67 (Ki-67 protein).

Kubbutat, M H, Key, G, Duchrow, M, Schlüter, C, Flad, H D, Gerdes, J

AIMS--To elucidate the fine specificities of the antibodies MIB 1 and MIB 3 and of additional monoclonal antibodies which also recognise the Ki-67 protein (MIB 5, IND.64, JG-67-2a)....

The involvement of CD14 in the activation of human monocytes by peptidoglycan monomers.

Muhvić, D, El-Samalouti, V, Flad, H D, Radosević-Stasić, B, Rukavina, D

BACKGROUND: Cell-wall components of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria induce the production of cytokines in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These cytokines are the main mediators of...

Monocyte-T-cell interactions in pokeweed mitogen-activated cultures.

Pryjma, J, Zembala, M, Pituch-Noworolska, A, Ernst, M, Van Der Bosch, J, Flad, H D

Monocyte-T-cell interactions were studied in pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-activated cell cultures. We addressed the question of monocyte changes in PWM-stimulated cultures of T cells and monocytes and...

FcR+ and FcR- monocytes differentially secrete monokines during pokeweed mitogen-induced T-cell-monocyte interactions.

Pryjma, J, Mytar, B, Loppnow, H, Ernst, M, Zembala, M, Flad, H D

Monocyte subpopulations which differ in the expression of Fc receptor for human IgG (FcRI) differentially regulate the T-cell-dependent, pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-induced, polyclonal B-cell response....

Antibody-induced modulation of CD26 surface expression.

Mattern, T, Reich, C, Duchrow, M, Ansorge, S, Ulmer, A J, Flad, H D

The ability of different anti-CD26 monoclonal antibodies to modulate the expression of CD26 on human T lymphocytes was investigated. By means of a new non-radioactive method using fluorescein...

Pentoxifylline: a potent inhibitor of IL-2 and IFN-gamma biosynthesis and BCG-induced cytotoxicity.

Thanhäuser, A, Reiling, N, Böhle, A, Toellner, K M, Duchrow, M, Scheel, D, ...

In the present study we investigated the influence of pentoxifylline (POF) on bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)- and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-induced DNA synthesis and cytokine release, and...

Immunoglobulin production of human lymphocytes stimulated by Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I and pokeweed mitogen: differential effects of recombinant interleukin-2.

Pryjma, J, Flad, H D, Ernst, M, Brandt, E, Ulmer, A J

The number of immunoglobulin-secreting cells (ISC) upon stimulation with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) or Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC) in recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2)-supplemented cultures of...

Differential expression and function of CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) on human peripheral blood monocytes.

Fleischer, J, Soeth, E, Reiling, N, Grage-Griebenow, E, Flad, H D, Ernst, M

The interaction of CD28 with its ligands is important for T-cell activation. Recent studies demonstrated the existence of at least two ligands on accessory cells, CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2). In this...

One-stage stimulation of human T-lymphocyte colony-forming units (TL-CFU) in a micro agar culture in glass capillaries.

Ulmer, A J, Flad, H D

A one-stage micro-culture assay in glass capillary tubes was developed for colony growth of human T lymphocytes. Colony growth by this method did not depend on the addition of growth factors, human...

Stimulation of colony formation and growth factor production of human T lymphocytes by wheat germ lectin.

Ulmer, A J, Scholz, W, Flad, H D

Wheat germ lectin (WGL) induced proliferation of T-lymphocyte colony-forming units (TL-CFU) from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in a one stage agar culture needing higher cell...

Immunohistologic assessment of cytokine production of infiltrating cells in various forms of leprosy.

Arnoldi, J., Gerdes, J., Flad, H. D.

The aim of this study was to determine cytokines in human leprosy lesions by means of immunohistologic examination. Cryostat sections of skin biopsies from 57 patients with various forms of leprosy...

Immunobiochemical and molecular biologic characterization of the cell proliferation-associated nuclear antigen that is defined by monoclonal antibody Ki-67.

Gerdes, J., Li, L., Schlueter, C., Duchrow, M., Wohlenberg, C., Gerlach, C., ...

The monoclonal antibody Ki-67 detects a human nuclear antigen that is present in proliferating cells, but absent in quiescent cells. The aim of this study was to characterize the Ki-67 antigen by...

Presence of mRNA for interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in blood mononuclear cells is associated with an active stage I sarcoidosis.

Swider, C, Laba, A, Moniewska, A, Gerdes, J, Flad, H D, Lange, A

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells obtained from sarcoidosis patients were investigated for the presence of mRNA for IFN-gamma. RNA was extracted from...

Suppression of Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I-induced immunoglobulin synthesis in vitro: discrimination between the presence of suppressor T cell precursors and effectors.

Pryjma, J, Pituch-Noworolska, A, Flad, H D, Ulmer, A J, Ernst, M

In co-cultures with control cells lymphocytes obtained from some patients with hypogammaglobulinaemia can suppress PWM but not S. aureus Cowan I-induced polyclonal immunoglobulin production. When...

Corticosteroid-interleukin 2 interactions: inhibition of binding of interleukin 2 to interleukin 2 receptors.

Horst, H J, Flad, H D

PHA activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) were incubated with human interleukin 2 (IL-2) in the absence or in the presence of 10(-6)-10(-9) M hydrocortisone (HC). HC suppressed the...

Binding of interleukin 2 to target cells: determination of high and low affinity binding sites on T-lymphoblasts by differential dissociation.

Horst, H J, Flad, H D

A new method for the determination of both low and high affinity binding sites on interleukin 2 (IL-2) target cells is described, which is based on differential dissociation of the ligand receptor...

The repopulation of lymph nodes of dogs after 1200 R whole-body x-irradiation and intravenous administration of mononuclear blood leukocytes.

Nelson, B., Calvo, W., Fliedner, T. M., Herbst, E., Bruch, C., Schnappauf, H. P., ...

Fresh and cryopreserved autologous or allogeneic mononuclear blood cells (MBCs) intravenously injected in 1200 R total-body x-irradiated dogs repopulated lymph nodes within 10 days after tranfusion....