A comparative study of spectinomycin and erythromycin in the treatment of chancroid (1990)
Ballard, R. C., Da L'Exposto, F., Dangor, Y., Fehler, H. G., Miller, S. D., Koornhof, H. J.
In a randomized, controlled study, 55 patients with genital ulcerations, culture-positive for Haemophilus ducreyi, were treated with a single intramuscular injection of 2 g spectinomycin. A further...
Intra- and inter-specific transformation of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin resistance (1990)
Chalkley, L. J., Koornhof, H. J.
Transformation studies were carried out with a penicillin susceptible (MIC 0.006 mg/l) laboratory strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae as recipient. Donor DNA was prepared from two clinical...
Trimethoprim resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated in South Africa (1989)
Resistance to trimethoprim was surveyed in 2914 Gram-negative bacteria isolated in three hospitals in South Africa. Bacteria were collected from November 1986 to January 1987 and the minimum...
Wylie, B. A., Amyes, S. G. B., Koornhof, H. J.
A Proteus mirabilis strain, isolated in South Africa, carried a 79kb transferable plasmid (pUK672) which encoded high-level resistance to trimethoprim (minimum inhibitory concentration >2048...
Penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae (1988)
Chalkley, L. J., Koornhof, H. J.
Penicillin-binding protein (PBP) patterns of penicillin-resistant laboratory-constructed transformants were compared with the PBP profiles of 26 clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. For...
Pneumococcal Bacteraemia in Adults in a Low Socio-economic Urban Population (1988)
FELDMAN, C., SACHO, H., LEVY, H., KALLENBACH, J. M., KOORNHOF, H. J.
Between January 1984 and December 1985, 183 adult patients, subsequently shown to have pneumococcal bacteraemia, were admitted. Of these infections, nine were caused by penicillin-resistant strains,...
Jacobs, M. R., Gaspar, M. N., Robins-Browne, R. M., Koornhof, H. J.
Detection of decreased penicillin susceptibility of pneumococci has become increasingly important in view of the emergence of significant resistance. This study investigated the value of various...
Antibiotic susceptibility testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (1979)
Robins-Browne, R. M., Gaillard, M. C., Koornhof, H. J.
The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of penicillin G, ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline and spectinomycin were determined for a number of clinical isolates of Neisserla gonorrhoeae, and...
Van Nierop, W. H., Duse, A. G., Stewart, R. G., Bilgeri, Y. R., Koornhof, H. J.
An outbreak of Enterobacter cloacae in the neonatal intensive care unit of a provincial hospital in Gauteng, South Africa, resulting in nine deaths was investigated. Macrorestriction analysis using...
In vitro selection of bacteria resistant to LY146032, a new cyclic lipopeptide.
Liebowitz, L D, Saunders, J, Chalkley, L J, Koornhof, H J
Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, and coagulase-positive and -negative staphylococci were investigated for their abilities, in vitro, to develop...
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of southern African isolates of Haemophilus ducreyi.
Dangor, Y, Miller, S D, Exposto, F Da L, Koornhof, H J
We determined the antimicrobial susceptibilities of 122 recent clinical isolates of Haemophilus ducreyi to 24 antimicrobial agents. All isolates produced beta-lactamase and were resistant to...
A derivative of quinolinecarboxylic acid, ciprofloxacin (BAY o 9867) was found to be an effective bactericidal agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. A bactericidal effect was...
Liebowitz, L D, Saunders, J, Fehler, G, Ballard, R C, Koornhof, H J
The in vitro activities of two new carboxyquinolones, A-56619 (difloxacin) and A-56620, were compared with those of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin against genital tract pathogens. All the...
Liebowitz, L D, Ballard, R C, Koornhof, H J
One hundred isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae obtained from patients attending clinics in Johannesburg, South Africa, were tested by a broth dilution technique for their minimal inhibitory...
Antimicrobial susceptibility of 103 strains of Haemophilus ducreyi isolated in Johannesburg.
Bilgeri, Y R, Ballard, R C, Duncan, M O, Mauff, A C, Koornhof, H J
Of 103 strains of Haemophilus ducreyi isolated in Johannesburg, 96 produced beta-lactamase and were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin. Most strains showed resistance to tetracycline,...
Ras, G J, Anderson, R, Taylor, G W, Savage, J E, Van Niekerk, E, Joone, G, ...
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived phenazine pigments pyocyanin and 1-hydroxyphenazine (1-hp) prime human neutrophils for enhanced, stimulus-activated release of superoxide and myeloperoxidase (MPO),...
Wound colonization by Ewingella americana.
Bear, N, Klugman, K P, Tobiansky, L, Koornhof, H J
Ewingella americana was recovered from a wound on the left leg of a 46-year-old male after a compound fracture of the tibia and fibula. Compared with the reported characteristics of 44 American...
Cohen, S L, Wylie, B A, Sooka, A, Koornhof, H J
A female patient suffered a typical attack of typhoid fever due to a lactose-negative, fully susceptible Salmonella typhi strain. During convalescence she became febrile, and a lactose-fermenting S....
Turnbull, P C, Lee, J V, Miliotis, M D, Koornhof, H J, Jeffery, L, ...
A total of 19 of 20 (95%) strains of Aeromonas hydrophila biovar hydrophila and 16 of 17 (94%) strains of Aeromonas sobria isolated from a variety of clinical and environmental sources were found to...
Detection of enteric campylobacteriosis in children.
Bokkenheuser, V D, Richardson, N J, Bryner, J H, Roux, D J, Schutte, A B, Koornhof, H J, ...
Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni was recovered as the sole bacterial pathogen from 31% of 0- to 8-month-old children with acute gastroenteritis and from 5% of asymptomatic children (P less than...
Long-term infections with Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni.
Richardson, N J, Koornhof, H J, Bokkenheuser, V D
Seventy-three apparently healthy, rural South African schoolchildren 6 to 8 or 13 to 16 years of age were examined five times over a 16-month period for fecal pathogens. Nine were positive for...
Miliotis, M D, Koornhof, H J, Phillips, J I
The invasive capacity of 13 enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains was assessed in vitro in Henle 407 cell culture. Both fluorescent microscopy of infected monolayers stained with acridine orange...
Resistance Mechanisms of Multiply Resistant Pneumococci: Antibiotic Degradation Studies
Robins-Brown, R. M., Gaspar, M. N., Ward, J. I., Wachsmuth, I. K., Koornhof, H. J., Jacobs, M. R., ...
Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae resistant to penicillin have been reported from several countries around the world. Many South African isolates, in addition, exhibit resistance to tetracycline,...
Jacobs, M. R., Mithal, Y., Robins-Browne, R. M., Gaspar, M. N., Koornhof, H. J.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of pneumococci is now essential to monitor for the presence of resistance to agents such as the penicillins, macrolides, lincomycins, chloramphenicol, and...
Mechanism of action of Yersinia enterocolitica enterotoxin.
Robins-Browne, R M, Still, C S, Miliotis, M D, Koornhof, H J
Enterotoxin derived from three clinical isolates of Yersinia enterocolitica was compared with the heat-stable enterotoxin of Escherichia coli. Both toxins were biologically active in infant mice...
T and CR+ lymphocyte profile in leprosy and the effect of treatment.
Sher, R, Holm, G, Kok, S H, Koornhof, H J, Glover, A
Thymus-derived lymphocytes (T lymphocytes) and complement receptor-bearing lymphocytes (CR+ lymphocytes) were estimated by using erythrocyte rosettes and erythrocyte-antibody-complement rosettes as...
Hepatitis B antigen, hepatitis B antibody, and subtypes in leprosy.
Sher, R, Mackay, M E, Macnab, G M, Kok, S H, Koornhof, H J
The prevalence of hepatitis B antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B antibody (HBsAb), and subtypes in 242 cases of leprosy is reported. Patients were divided into three subgroups, lepromatous (174),...
Robins-Browne, R M, Still, C S, Isaäcson, M, Koornhof, H J, Appelbaum, P C, Scragg, J N
A non-agglutinable Vibrio cholerae strain isolated from the blood of a child with kwashiorkor and fever was shown to have the potential to invade as well as to produce a toxin resembling cholera...
Peritoneal Transfer of Thiamphenicol During Peritoneal Dialysis
Furman, K. I., Koornhof, H. J., Kilroe-Smith, T. A., Landless, R., Robinson, R. G.
The pharmacokinetics of thiamphenicol (TAP) was studied in 17 functionally anephric patients during peritoneal dialysis. Eleven patients were given single intramuscular injections of TAP in doses of...
Meningitis and pneumonia due to novel multiply resistant pneumococci.
Klugman, K P, Koornhof, H J, Kuhnle, V, Miller, S D, Ginsburg, P J, Mauff, A C
Epidemiology of rheumatic heart disease in black shcoolchildren of Soweto, Johannesburg.
McLaren, M J, Hawkins, D M, Koornhof, H J, Bloom, K R, Bramwell-Jones, D M, Cohen, E, ...
A survey to determine the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease (R.H.D.) in Black children was conducted in the creeches and primary schools of the South Western Townships of Johannesburg (Soweto). A...
Outbreake of Marburg virus disease in Johannesburg.
Gear, J S, Cassel, G A, Gear, A J, Trappler, B, Clausen, L, Meyers, A M, ...
The first recognised outbreak of Marburg virus disease in Africa, and the first since the original epidemic in West Germany and Yugoslavia in 1967, occurred in South Africa in February 1975. The...
Van Nierop, W. H., Duse, A. G., Stewart, R. G., Bilgeri, Y. R., Koornhof, H. J.
An outbreak of Enterobacter cloacae in the neonatal intensive care unit of a provincial hospital in Gauteng, South Africa, resulting in nine deaths was investigated. Macrorestriction analysis using...
In vitro selection of bacteria resistant to LY146032, a new cyclic lipopeptide.
Liebowitz, L D, Saunders, J, Chalkley, L J, Koornhof, H J
Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, and coagulase-positive and -negative staphylococci were investigated for their abilities, in vitro, to develop...
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of southern African isolates of Haemophilus ducreyi.
Dangor, Y, Miller, S D, Exposto, F Da L, Koornhof, H J
We determined the antimicrobial susceptibilities of 122 recent clinical isolates of Haemophilus ducreyi to 24 antimicrobial agents. All isolates produced beta-lactamase and were resistant to...
A derivative of quinolinecarboxylic acid, ciprofloxacin (BAY o 9867) was found to be an effective bactericidal agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. A bactericidal effect was...
Liebowitz, L D, Saunders, J, Fehler, G, Ballard, R C, Koornhof, H J
The in vitro activities of two new carboxyquinolones, A-56619 (difloxacin) and A-56620, were compared with those of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin against genital tract pathogens. All the...
Liebowitz, L D, Ballard, R C, Koornhof, H J
One hundred isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae obtained from patients attending clinics in Johannesburg, South Africa, were tested by a broth dilution technique for their minimal inhibitory...
Antimicrobial susceptibility of 103 strains of Haemophilus ducreyi isolated in Johannesburg.
Bilgeri, Y R, Ballard, R C, Duncan, M O, Mauff, A C, Koornhof, H J
Of 103 strains of Haemophilus ducreyi isolated in Johannesburg, 96 produced beta-lactamase and were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin. Most strains showed resistance to tetracycline,...
Ras, G J, Anderson, R, Taylor, G W, Savage, J E, Van Niekerk, E, Joone, G, ...
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived phenazine pigments pyocyanin and 1-hydroxyphenazine (1-hp) prime human neutrophils for enhanced, stimulus-activated release of superoxide and myeloperoxidase (MPO),...
Wound colonization by Ewingella americana.
Bear, N, Klugman, K P, Tobiansky, L, Koornhof, H J
Ewingella americana was recovered from a wound on the left leg of a 46-year-old male after a compound fracture of the tibia and fibula. Compared with the reported characteristics of 44 American...
Cohen, S L, Wylie, B A, Sooka, A, Koornhof, H J
A female patient suffered a typical attack of typhoid fever due to a lactose-negative, fully susceptible Salmonella typhi strain. During convalescence she became febrile, and a lactose-fermenting S....
Turnbull, P C, Lee, J V, Miliotis, M D, Koornhof, H J, Jeffery, L, ...
A total of 19 of 20 (95%) strains of Aeromonas hydrophila biovar hydrophila and 16 of 17 (94%) strains of Aeromonas sobria isolated from a variety of clinical and environmental sources were found to...
Detection of enteric campylobacteriosis in children.
Bokkenheuser, V D, Richardson, N J, Bryner, J H, Roux, D J, Schutte, A B, Koornhof, H J, ...
Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni was recovered as the sole bacterial pathogen from 31% of 0- to 8-month-old children with acute gastroenteritis and from 5% of asymptomatic children (P less than...
Long-term infections with Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni.
Richardson, N J, Koornhof, H J, Bokkenheuser, V D
Seventy-three apparently healthy, rural South African schoolchildren 6 to 8 or 13 to 16 years of age were examined five times over a 16-month period for fecal pathogens. Nine were positive for...
Miliotis, M D, Koornhof, H J, Phillips, J I
The invasive capacity of 13 enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains was assessed in vitro in Henle 407 cell culture. Both fluorescent microscopy of infected monolayers stained with acridine orange...
Resistance Mechanisms of Multiply Resistant Pneumococci: Antibiotic Degradation Studies
Robins-Brown, R. M., Gaspar, M. N., Ward, J. I., Wachsmuth, I. K., Koornhof, H. J., Jacobs, M. R., ...
Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae resistant to penicillin have been reported from several countries around the world. Many South African isolates, in addition, exhibit resistance to tetracycline,...
Jacobs, M. R., Mithal, Y., Robins-Browne, R. M., Gaspar, M. N., Koornhof, H. J.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of pneumococci is now essential to monitor for the presence of resistance to agents such as the penicillins, macrolides, lincomycins, chloramphenicol, and...
Mechanism of action of Yersinia enterocolitica enterotoxin.
Robins-Browne, R M, Still, C S, Miliotis, M D, Koornhof, H J
Enterotoxin derived from three clinical isolates of Yersinia enterocolitica was compared with the heat-stable enterotoxin of Escherichia coli. Both toxins were biologically active in infant mice...
T and CR+ lymphocyte profile in leprosy and the effect of treatment.
Sher, R, Holm, G, Kok, S H, Koornhof, H J, Glover, A
Thymus-derived lymphocytes (T lymphocytes) and complement receptor-bearing lymphocytes (CR+ lymphocytes) were estimated by using erythrocyte rosettes and erythrocyte-antibody-complement rosettes as...
Hepatitis B antigen, hepatitis B antibody, and subtypes in leprosy.
Sher, R, Mackay, M E, Macnab, G M, Kok, S H, Koornhof, H J
The prevalence of hepatitis B antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B antibody (HBsAb), and subtypes in 242 cases of leprosy is reported. Patients were divided into three subgroups, lepromatous (174),...
Robins-Browne, R M, Still, C S, Isaäcson, M, Koornhof, H J, Appelbaum, P C, Scragg, J N
A non-agglutinable Vibrio cholerae strain isolated from the blood of a child with kwashiorkor and fever was shown to have the potential to invade as well as to produce a toxin resembling cholera...
Peritoneal Transfer of Thiamphenicol During Peritoneal Dialysis
Furman, K. I., Koornhof, H. J., Kilroe-Smith, T. A., Landless, R., Robinson, R. G.
The pharmacokinetics of thiamphenicol (TAP) was studied in 17 functionally anephric patients during peritoneal dialysis. Eleven patients were given single intramuscular injections of TAP in doses of...
Meningitis and pneumonia due to novel multiply resistant pneumococci.
Klugman, K P, Koornhof, H J, Kuhnle, V, Miller, S D, Ginsburg, P J, Mauff, A C
Epidemiology of rheumatic heart disease in black shcoolchildren of Soweto, Johannesburg.
McLaren, M J, Hawkins, D M, Koornhof, H J, Bloom, K R, Bramwell-Jones, D M, Cohen, E, ...
A survey to determine the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease (R.H.D.) in Black children was conducted in the creeches and primary schools of the South Western Townships of Johannesburg (Soweto). A...
Outbreake of Marburg virus disease in Johannesburg.
Gear, J S, Cassel, G A, Gear, A J, Trappler, B, Clausen, L, Meyers, A M, ...
The first recognised outbreak of Marburg virus disease in Africa, and the first since the original epidemic in West Germany and Yugoslavia in 1967, occurred in South Africa in February 1975. The...
Corneal ulceration at an urban African hospital.
Carmichael, T R, Wolpert, M, Koornhof, H J
During a one-year survey 283 corneal ulcers from 274 patients were seen at St John's Eye Unit of Baragwanath Hospital. Central bacterial ulcers constituted the largest problem, and the commonest...
Supernatants from human mononuclear cells cultured with PHA inhibited the migration of both human polymorphonuclear leucocytes and guinea-pig peritoneal exudate cells, but not human mononuclear...
Lomnitzer, R, Rabson, A R, Koornhof, H J
The effect of drugs known to increase intracellular levels of cyllic AMP were studied in the leucocyte migration ihibition system. It was found that cyclic AMP, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, theophyline, and...
In vitro reversal of cellular unresponsiveness induced by levamisole.
Golding, H, Golding, B, Jacobson, R, Lomnitzer, R, Koornhof, H J, Rabson, A R
Mononuclear cells from twenty-one patients with depressed cellular reactivity were assessed for the ability to produce leucocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) and to transform after PHA stimulation, in the...
Leucocyte capillary migration: an adherence dependent phenomenon.
Lomnitzer, R, Rabson, A R, Koornhof, H J
To determine the mode of action of leucocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) on polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) migration out of capillary tubes, this phenomenon has been compared with PMN adhesion to...
A serological test for granuloma inguinale.
Freinkel, A L, Dangor, Y, Koornhof, H J, Ballard, R C
OBJECTIVES--An indirect immunofluorescence technique applied to paraffin embedded tissue sections of lesions containing Donovan bodies was evaluated as a serological test for the diagnosis of...
Summer diarrhoea in African infants and children.
Robins-Browne, R M, Still, C S, Miliotis, M D, Richardson, N J, Koornhof, H J, Freiman, I, ...
Of 70 black South African infants and children with acute summer diarrhoea, 30 (43%) were infected with enteropathogenic serogroups of Escherichia coli (EPEC), 13 (19%) with enterotoxigenic...
Age related susceptibility to Campylobacter jejuni infection in a high prevalance population.
Richardson, N J, Koornhof, H J, Bokkenheuser, V D, Mayet, Z, Rosen, E U
In a year long prospective study of diarrhoea in children under 2 years of age in Soweto, South Africa, Campylobacter jejuni was isolated in 18 of 60 children under 9 months of age with diarrhoea,...
Carriage of penicillin resistant pneumococci.
Klugman, K P, Koornhof, H J, Wasas, A, Storey, K, Gilbertson, I
A survey of 303 urban and 156 rural children showed nasopharyngeal carriage of relatively resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae organisms in 14.2% and 19.2% of children, respectively. These organisms...
Mthwalo, M., Wasas, A., Huebner, R., Koornhof, H. J., Klugman, K. P.
Villages associated with the Lesotho Highlands Development Agency were randomized with a bias in favour of larger villages, and children < 5 years of age from cluster-randomized households in these...