Heinz Schwarz

Proteomic analysis of secreted membrane vesicles of archaeal Sulfolobus species reveals the presence of endosome sorting complex components (2009)

Boekema, Egbert J., Schouten, Stefan, Folea, Mihaela, Schwarz, Heinz, Hobel, Cedric F.V., Pitcher, Angela, ...

The crenarchaea Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, S. solfataricus and S. tokodaii, release membrane vesicles into the medium. These membrane vesicles consist of tetraether lipids and are coated with an...

Cryo-section immunolabelling of difficult to preserve specimens: advantages of cryofixation, freeze-substitution and rehydration. (2008)

Ripper, D., Schwarz, Heinz, Stierhof, York-Dieter

BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Electron microscopic immunolabelling of ultrathin thawed cryo-sections, according to the method of Tokuyasu, is widely used as a very sensitive high-resolution localization...

Post-translational Tyrosine Nitration of Eosinophil Granule Toxins Mediated by Eosinophil Peroxidase (2008)

Ulrich, Martina, Petre, Alina, Youhnovski, Nikolay, Prömm, Franziska, Schirle, Markus, Schumm, Michael, ...

Nitration of tyrosine residues has been observed during various acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanism of tyrosine nitration and the nature of the proteins that become...

Assembly of the Drosophila larval exoskeleton requires controlled secretion and shaping of the apical plasma membrane. (2007)

Moussian, Bernard, Veerkamp, Justus, Müller, Ursula, Schwarz, Heinz

The apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells plays a central role in producing and shaping the apical extracellular matrix (aECM) that eventually adopts a stereotypic architecture required for the...

Plant cytokinesis requires de novo secretory trafficking but not endocytosis. (2007)

Reichardt, I., Stierhof, York-Dieter, Mayer, U., Richter, S., Schwarz, Heinz, Schumacher, K., ...

During plant cytokinesis membrane vesicles are efficiently delivered to the cell-division plane, where they fuse with one another to form a laterally expanding cell plate. These membrane vesicles...

Asterless is a centriolar protein required for centrosome function and embryo development in Drosophila. (2007)

Varmark, H, Llamazares, S, Rebollo, E, Lange, B., Reina, J., Schwarz, Heinz, ...

BACKGROUND: Centrosomes, the major organizers of the microtubule network in most animal cells, are composed of centrioles embedded in a web of pericentriolar material (PCM). Recruitment and...

Correlative light and electron microscopy using immunolabeled resin sections. (2007)

Schwarz, Heinz, Humbel, Bruno

In correlative microscopy, light microscopy provides the overview and orientation in the complex cells and tissue, whereas electron microscopy offers the detailed localization and correlation to...

A comprehensive model for the cellular uptake of cationic cell-penetrating peptides. (2007)

Duchardt, F, Fotin-Mleczek, M., Schwarz, Heinz, Fischer, R, Brock, R.

The plasma membrane represents an impermeable barrier for most macromolecules. Still some proteins and so-called cell-penetrating peptides enter cells efficiently. It has been shown that endocytosis...

The tubulin homologue FtsZ contributes to cell elongation by guiding cell wall precursor synthesis in Caulobacter crescentus. (2007)

Aaron, M., Charbon, G., Lam, H., Schwarz, Heinz, Vollmer, Waldemar, Jacobs-Wagner, C.

The tubulin homologue FtsZ is well known for its essential function in bacterial cell division. Here, we show that in Caulobacter crescentus, FtsZ also plays a major role in cell elongation by...

Drosophila MICAL regulates myofilament organization and synaptic structure. (2007)

Beuchle, Dirk, Schwarz, Heinz, Langegger, Maria, Koch, Iris, Aberle, Hermann

The overall size and structure of a synaptic terminal is an important determinant of its function. In a large-scale mutagenesis screen, designed to identify Drosophila mutants with abnormally...

The vacuolar transporter chaperone (VTC) complex is required for microautophagy. (2007)

Uttenweiler, A., Schwarz, Heinz, Neumann, H., Mayer, A.

Microautophagy involves direct invagination and fission of the vacuolar/lysosomal membrane under nutrient limitation. This occurs by an autophagic tube, a specialized vacuolar membrane invagination...

Asterless is a centriolar protein required for centrosome function and embryo development in Drosophila (2007)

Varmark, Hanne, Llamazares, Salud, Rebollo, Elena, Lange, Bodo, Reina, Jose, Schwarz, Heinz, ...

Background Centrosomes, the major organizers of the microtubule network in most animal cells, are composed of centrioles embedded in a web of pericentriolar material (PCM). Recruitment and...

Hormonal regulation of mummy is needed for apical extracellular matrix formation and epithelial morphogenesis in Drosophila (2006)

Tonning, A, Helms, Sigrun, Schwarz, Heinz, Uv, AE, Moussian, Bernard

Many epithelia produce apical extracellular matrices (aECM) that are crucial for organ morphogenesis or physiology. Apical ECM formation relies on coordinated synthesis and modification of...

Drosophila Knickkopf and Retroactive are needed for epithelial tube growth and cuticle differentiation through their specific requirement for chitin filament organization. (2006)

Moussian, Bernard, Tang, E., Tonning, A., Helms, Sigrun, Schwarz, Heinz, Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane, ...

Precise epithelial tube diameters rely on coordinated cell shape changes and apical membrane enlargement during tube growth. Uniform tube expansion in the developing Drosophila trachea requires the...

The gammaTuRC components Grip75 and Grip128 have an essential microtubule-anchoring function in the Drosophila germline. (2006)

Vogt, Nina, Koch, Iris, Schwarz, Heinz, Schnorrer, Frank, Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane

The gamma-tubulin ring complex (gammaTuRC) forms an essential template for microtubule nucleation in animal cells. The molecular composition of the gammaTuRC has been described; however, the...

Material structure, stiffness, and adhesion: why attachment pads of the grasshopper (Tettigonia viridissima) adhere more strongly than those of the locust (Locusta migratoria) (Insecta: Orthoptera). (2006)

Perez Godwyn, P., Peredassadko, A., Schwarz, Heinz, Kastner, Victoria, Gorb, S.

The morphology, ultrastructure, effective elastic modulus, and adhesive properties of two different smooth-type attachment pads were studied in two orthopteran species. Tettigonia viridissima...

Characterization of a conduit system containing laminin-5 in the human thymus: a potential transport system for small molecules. (2006)

Drumea-Mirancea, M., Wessels, J. T., Müller, C. A., Essl, M., Eble, J. A., Tolosa, E., ...

T cells develop in the thymus in a highly specialized cellular and extracellular microenvironment. The basement membrane molecule, laminin-5 (LN-5), is predominantly found in the medulla of the human...

The proneural gene ascl1a is required for endocrine differentiation and cell survival in the zebrafish adenohypophysis. (2006)

Pogoda, Hans-Martin, Von Der Hardt, Sonja, Herzog, Wiebke, Kramer, C., Schwarz, Heinz, Hammerschmidt, Matthias

Mammalian basic helix-loop-helix proteins of the achaete-scute family are proneural factors that, in addition to the central nervous system, are required for the differentiation of peripheral neurons...

Rapana thomasiana hemocyanin (RtH): comparison of the two isoforms, RtH1 and RtH2, at 19A and 16A resolution. (2006)

Cheng, K., Koeck, P. J. B., Elmlund, H., Idakieva, K., Parvanova, K., Schwarz, Heinz, ...

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of the two 8.4 MDa Rapana thomasiana hemocyanin isoforms, RtH1 and RtH2, have been obtained by cryoelectron microscopy of molecules embedded in vitreous ice and...

Eya1 is required for lineage-specific differentiation, but not for cell survival in the zebrafish adenohypophysis. (2006)

Nica, Gabriella, Herzog, Wiebke, Sonntag, C., Nowak, M., Schwarz, Heinz, Zapata, A. G., ...

The homeodomain transcription factor Six1 and its modulator, the protein phosphatase Eya1, cooperate to promote cell differentiation and survival during mouse organ development. Here, we studied the...

The genome of the novel phage Rtp, with a rosette-like tail tip, is homologous to the genome of phage T1. (2006)

Wietzorrek, A., Schwarz, Heinz, Herrmann, C., Braun, Volkmar

A new Escherichia coli phage, named Rtp, was isolated and shown to be closely related to phage T1. Electron microscopy revealed that phage Rtp has a morphologically unique tail tip consisting of four...

Sjl2p is specifically involved in early steps of endocytosis intimately linked to actin dynamics via the Ark1p/Prk1p kinases. (2006)

Böttcher, C., Wicky, S., Schwarz, Heinz, Singer-Krüger, B.

Sjl2p is one of three yeast phosphoinositide 5'-phosphatases that belong to the conserved family of synaptojanins. Here, we show that Sjl2p is specifically associated with cortical actin patches...

Cytotoxicity of single-wall carbon nanotubes on human fibroblasts. (2006)

Tian, F., Cui, D., Schwarz, Heinz, Gomez Estrada, G., Kobayashi, H.

We present a toxicological assessment of five carbon nanomaterials on human fibroblast cells in vitro. We correlate the physico-chemical characteristics of these nanomaterials to their toxic effect...

Involvement of chitin in exoskeleton morphogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. (2005)

Moussian, Bernard, Schwarz, Heinz, Bartoszewski, S., Nusslein-Volhard, Christiane

Exoskeletons stabilize cell, tissue, and body morphology in many living organisms including fungi, plants, and arthropods. In insects, the exoskeleton, the cuticle, is produced by epidermal cells as...

Retroactive, a membrane-anchored extracellular protein related to vertebrate snake neurotoxin-like proteins, is required for cuticle organization in the larva of Drosophila melanogaster. (2005)

Moussian, Bernard, Soding, Johannes, Schwarz, Heinz, Nusslein-Volhard, Christiane

Mutations in the rtv gene cause disarrangement of chitin fibers in the cuticle of the Drosophila larva, and occasionally the cuticle detaches from the epidermis. We have identified the rtv gene, and...

RhoGEF2 and the formin Dia control the formation of the furrow canal by directed actin assembly during Drosophila cellularisation. (2005)

Grosshans, J., Wenzl, C., Herz, H.M., Bartoszewski, S., Schnorrer, Frank, Vogt, Nina, ...

The physical interaction of the plasma membrane with the associated cortical cytoskeleton is important in many morphogenetic processes during development. At the end of the syncytial blastoderm of...

Duplicated genes with split functions: independent roles of protocadherin15 orthologues in zebrafish hearing and vision. (2005)

Seiler, C., Finger-Baier, K.C., Rinner, O., Makhankov, Y.V., Schwarz, Heinz, Neuhauss, S.C., ...

In the sensory receptors of both the eye and the ear, specialized apical structures have evolved to detect environmental stimuli such as light and sound. Despite the morphological divergence of these...

Abstract E-cadherin is essential for in vivo epidermal barrier function by regulating tight junctions. (2005)

Tunggal, J.A., Helfrich, I., Schmitz, A., Schwarz, Heinz, Gunzel, D., Fromm, M., ...

Cadherin adhesion molecules are key determinants of morphogenesis and tissue architecture. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the morphogenetic contributions of cadherins remain...

Neuronal migration in the murine rostral migratory stream requires serum response factor. (2005)

Alberti, S., Krause, S.M., Kretz, O., Philippar, U., Lemberger, T., Casanova, E., ...

The central nervous system is fundamentally dependent on guided cell migration, both during development and in adulthood. We report an absolute requirement of the transcription factor serum response...

Zebrafish penner/lethal giant larvae 2 functions in hemidesmosome formation, maintenance of cellular morphology and growth regulation in the developing basal epidermis. (2005)

Sonawane, Mahendra, Carpio, Y., Geisler, Robert, Schwarz, Heinz, Maischein, Hansmartin, Nuesslein-Volhard, Christiane

Epithelial cells are equipped with junctional complexes that are involved in maintaining tissue architecture, providing mechanical integrity and suppressing tumour formation as well as invasiveness....

A mutation in the silver gene leads to defects in melanosome biogenesis and alterations in the visual system in the zebrafish mutant fading vision. (2005)

Schoenthaler, Helia Berit, Lampert, JM, Von Lintig, J, Schwarz, Heinz, Geisler, Robert, Neuhauss, Stephan

Forward genetic screens have been instrumental in defining molecular components of visual function. The zebrafish mutant fading vision (fdv) has been identified in such a screen due to defects in...

Microautophagic vacuole invagination requires calmodulin in a Ca2+-independent function. (2005)

Uttenweiler, A, Schwarz, Heinz, Mayer, A

Microautophagy is the uptake of cytosolic compounds by direct invagination of the vacuolar/lysosomal membrane. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae microautophagic uptake of soluble cytosolic proteins occurs...

Septin-dependent compartmentalization of the endoplasmic reticulum during yeast polarized growth. (2005)

Luedeke, C, Frei, SB, Sbalzarini, I, Schwarz, Heinz, Spang, Anne, Barral, Y

Polarized cells frequently use diffusion barriers to separate plasma membrane domains. It is unknown whether diffusion barriers also compartmentalize intracellular organelles. We used photobleaching...

Serratia marcescens internalization and replication in human bladder epithelial cells. (2004)

Hertle, R., Schwarz, Heinz

BACKGROUND: Serratia marcescens, a frequent agent of catheterization-associated bacteriuria, strongly adheres to human bladder epithelial cells in culture. The epithelium normally provides a barrier...

Restricted Mobility of Cell Surface Proteins in the Polar Regions of Escherichia coli. (2004)

DePedro, Miguel, Grunfelder, C. G., Schwarz, Heinz

The polar regions of the Escherichia coli murein sacculus are metabolically inert and stable in time. Because the sacculus and the outer membrane are tightly associated, we investigated whether polar...

Binding to pyruvylated compounds as an ancestral mechanism to anchor the outer envelope in primitive bacteria. (2004)

Cava, F., DePedro, Miguel, Schwarz, Heinz, Henne, A., Berenguer, J.

Electron microscopy of isolated cell walls of the ancient bacterium Thermus thermophilus revealed that most of the peptidoglycan (PG) surface, apart from the septal region, was shielded against...

SRF regulates Bcl-2 expression and promotes cell survival during murine embryonic development. (2004)

Schratt, G., Philippar, U., Hockemeyer, D., Schwarz, Heinz, Alberti, S., Nordheim, A.

The transcription factor serum response factor (SRF) controls the expression of genes involved in cellular proliferation and differentiation. Interestingly, SRF also promotes cell survival by...

Kinetics of endocytosis and recycling of the GPI-anchored variant surface glycoprotein in Trypanosoma brucei. (2004)

Engstler, M., Thilo, L., Weise, F., Grunfelder, C. G., Schwarz, Heinz, Boshard, M., ...

The dense coat of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) covering parasitic African trypanosomes is essential for survival in mammalian hosts. VSG is...

Determination of four sequential stages during microautophagy in vitro. (2004)

Kunz, J. B., Schwarz, Heinz, Mayer, A.

Microautophagy is the transfer of cytosolic components into the lysosome by direct invagination of the lysosomal membrane and subsequent budding of vesicles into the lysosomal lumen. This process is...

Mutated otopetrin 1 affects the genesis of otoliths and the localization of Starmaker in zebrafish. (2004)

Söllner, C., Schwarz, Heinz, Geisler, Robert, Nicolson, Teresa

Otoliths in bony fishes and otoconia in mammals are composite crystals consisting of calcium carbonate and proteins. These biominerals are part of the gravity and linear acceleration detection system...

Free in PMC Molecular interactions of yeast Neo1p, an essential member of the Drs2 family of aminophospholipid translocases, and its role in membrane trafficking within the endomembrane system. (2004)

Wicky, S., Schwarz, Heinz, Singer-Kruger, B.

Neo1p is an essential yeast member of the highly conserved Drs2 family of P-type ATPases with proposed aminophospholipid translocase activity. Here we present evidence that Neo1p localizes to...

Control of crystal size and lattice formation by starmaker in otolith biomineralization (2003)

Söllner, Christian, Burghammer, M., Busch-Nentwich, Elisabeth, Berger, Juergen, Schwarz, Heinz, Riekel, C., ...

The stone-like otoliths from the ears of teleost fishes are involved in balance and hearing and consist of calcium carbonate crystallites embedded in a protein framework. We report that a previously...

Efflux-dependent auxin gradients establish the apical-basal axis of Arabidopsis (2003)

Friml, J., Vieten, A., Sauer, M., Weijers, D., Schwarz, Heinz, Hamann, T., ...

Axis formation occurs in plants, as in animals, during early embryogenesis. However, the underlying mechanism is not known. Here we show that the first manifestation of the apical-basal axis in...

Endocytosis of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein via clathrin-coated vesicles, sorting by default in endosomes, and exocytosis via RAB11-positive carriers. (2003)

Grünfelder, C. G., Engstler, M., Weise, F., Schwarz, Heinz, Stierhof, York Dieter, Morgan, G. W., ...

Recently, proteins linked to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) residues have received considerable attention both for their association with lipid microdomains and for their specific transport...

Regulation of cell expansion by the DISTORTED genes in Arabidopsis thaliana: actin controls the spatial organization of microtubules (2003)

Schwab, B., Mathur, J., Saedler, R., Schwarz, Heinz, Frey, B., Scheidegger, C., ...

The control of the directionality of cell expansion was investigated using a class of eight genes, the so-called DISTORTED (DIS) genes, that are required for proper expansion of leaf trichomes in...

Patchiness of murein insertion into the sidewall of Escherichia coli. (2003)

De Pedro, Miguel Angel, Schwarz, Heinz, Koch, A. L.

This paper extends, with computer techniques, the authors' previous work on the kinetics of pole wall and sidewall synthesis in Escherichia coli. These findings extend the conclusion that the nascent...

Suppression of coatomer mutants by a new protein family with COPI and COPII binding motifs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (2003)

Sandmann, T., Herrmann, J. M., Dengjel, J., Schwarz, Heinz, Spang, Anne

Protein trafficking is achieved by a bidirectional vesicle flow between the various compartments of the eukaryotic cell. COPII coated vesicles mediate anterograde protein transport from the...

Autophagic tubes : vacuolar invaginations involved inlateral membrane sorting and inverse vesicle budding (2000)

Müller, Oliver, Sattler, Tanja, Flötenmeyer, Matthias, Schwarz, Heinz, Plattner, Helmut, Mayer, Andreas

Many intracellular compartments of eukaryotic cells do not adopt a spherical shape, which would be expected in the absence of mechanisms organizing their structure. However, little is known about the...

A nonstructural polypeptide encoded by immediate-early transcription unit 1 of murine cytomegalovirus is recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes (1987)

Koszinowski, Ulrich H., Keil, Günther M., Schwarz, Heinz, Schickedanz, Jörg, Reddehase, Matthias J.

We have constructed target cells by cotransfection of the MHC gene Ld and fragments of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) DNA coding for nonstructural immediate-early (IE) proteins. Transfectants were...

Stützmomente kreuzweise durchlaufender Rechteckplatten. (1965)

Schwarz, Heinz.

Aus: Dt. Ausschuss f. Stahlbeton. [Veröffentlichungen.] H. 191. - Ursprünglich eingereicht u. d. T.: Berechnung und Konstruktion von Stahlbetonbauten

Serum Response Factor Is Required for Immediate-Early Gene Activation yet Is Dispensable for Proliferation of Embryonic Stem Cells

Schratt, Gerhard, Weinhold, Birgit, Lundberg, Ante S., Schuck, Sebastian, Berger, Jürgen, Schwarz, Heinz, ...

Addition of serum to mitogen-starved cells activates the cellular immediate-early gene (IEG) response. Serum response factor (SRF) contributes to such mitogen-stimulated transcriptional induction of...

Characterization of a Novel, Antifungal, Chitin-Binding Protein from Streptomyces tendae Tü901 That Interferes with Growth Polarity

Bormann, Christiane, Baier, Daniel, Hörr, Ingmar, Raps, Claudia, Berger, Jürgen, Jung, Günther, ...

The afp1 gene, which encodes the antifungal protein AFP1, was cloned from nikkomycin-producing Streptomyces tendae Tü901, using a nikkomycin-negative mutant as a host and screening transformants for...

Multiple Regulatory Mechanisms Act on the 5′ Untranslated Region of the S-Layer Gene from Thermus thermophilus HB8

Castán, Pablo, De Pedro, Miguel A., Risco, Cristina, Vallés, Cristina, Fernández, Luis A., Schwarz, Heinz, ...

The role of the 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) of the S-layer gene from Thermus thermophilus was analyzed through the isolation of Δ5′UTR mutants. In these mutants the half-life of splA mRNA...

Constitutive Septal Murein Synthesis in Escherichia coli with Impaired Activity of the Morphogenetic Proteins RodA and Penicillin-Binding Protein 2†

De Pedro, Miguel A., Donachie, William D., Höltje, Joachim-Volker, Schwarz, Heinz

The pattern of peptidoglycan (murein) segregation in cells of Escherichia coli with impaired activity of the morphogenetic proteins penicillin-binding protein 2 and RodA has been investigated by the...

Specific Entry of Helicobacter pylori into Cultured Gastric Epithelial Cells via a Zipper-Like Mechanism

Kwok, Terry, Backert, Steffen, Schwarz, Heinz, Berger, Jürgen, Meyer, Thomas F.

Although Helicobacter pylori has generally been considered an extracellular pathogen, a number of in vitro infection experiments and biopsy examinations have shown that it is capable of occasionally...

Yeast Ysl2p, Homologous to Sec7 Domain Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, Functions in Endocytosis and Maintenance of Vacuole Integrity and Interacts with the Arf-Like Small GTPase Arl1p

Jochum, Alexandra, Jackson, David, Schwarz, Heinz, Pipkorn, Rüdiger, Singer-Krüger, Birgit

We previously described the isolation of ysl2-1 due to its genetic interaction with Δypt51/vps21, a mutant with a deletion of the coding sequence for the yeast Rab5 homolog, which regulates...

Branching of Escherichia coli Cells Arises from Multiple Sites of Inert Peptidoglycan†

De Pedro, Miguel A., Young, Kevin D., Höltje, Joachim-Volker, Schwarz, Heinz

Some strains of Escherichia coli defective for dacA, the gene coding for penicillin-binding protein 5, exhibit a strong branching phenotype when cell division is blocked. Since such branch formation...

Effects of Multiple Deletions of Murein Hydrolases on Viability, Septum Cleavage, and Sensitivity to Large Toxic Molecules in Escherichia coli

Heidrich, Christoph, Ursinus, Astrid, Berger, Jürgen, Schwarz, Heinz, Höltje, Joachim-Volker

The multiplicity of murein hydrolases found in most bacteria presents an obstacle to demonstrating the necessity of these potentially autolytic enzymes. Therefore, Escherichia coli mutants with...

The Arabidopsis PILZ group genes encode tubulin-folding cofactor orthologs required for cell division but not cell growth

Steinborn, Katharina, Maulbetsch, Christoph, Priester, Bianca, Trautmann, Susanne, Pacher, Tobias, Geiges, Bernd, ...

Plant microtubules are organized into specific cell cycle-dependent arrays that have been implicated in diverse cellular processes, including cell division and organized cell expansion. Mutations in...

Endocytosis of a Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored Protein via Clathrin-coated Vesicles, Sorting by Default in Endosomes, and Exocytosis via RAB11-positive CarriersV⃞

Grünfelder, Christoph G., Engstler, Markus, Weise, Frank, Schwarz, Heinz, Stierhof, York-Dieter, Morgan, Gareth W., ...

Recently, proteins linked to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) residues have received considerable attention both for their association with lipid microdomains and for their specific transport...

Suppression of Coatomer Mutants by a New Protein Family with COPI and COPII Binding Motifs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Sandmann, Thomas, Herrmann, Johannes M., Dengjel, Jörn, Schwarz, Heinz, Spang, Anne

Protein trafficking is achieved by a bidirectional vesicle flow between the various compartments of the eukaryotic cell. COPII coated vesicles mediate anterograde protein transport from the...

Srf–/– ES cells display non-cell-autonomous impairment in mesodermal differentiation

Weinhold, Birgit, Schratt, Gerhard, Arsenian, Sergei, Berger, Jürgen, Kamino, Kenji, Schwarz, Heinz, ...

The serum response factor (SRF) transcription factor is essential for murine embryogenesis. Srf–/– embryos stop developing at the onset of gastrulation, lacking detectable mesoderm. This...

Restricted Mobility of Cell Surface Proteins in the Polar Regions of Escherichia coli

De Pedro, Miguel A., Grünfelder, Christoph G., Schwarz, Heinz

The polar regions of the Escherichia coli murein sacculus are metabolically inert and stable in time. Because the sacculus and the outer membrane are tightly associated, we investigated whether polar...

SRF regulates Bcl-2 expression and promotes cell survival during murine embryonic development

Schratt, Gerhard, Philippar, Ulrike, Hockemeyer, Dirk, Schwarz, Heinz, Alberti, Siegfried, Nordheim, Alfred

The transcription factor serum response factor (SRF) controls the expression of genes involved in cellular proliferation and differentiation. Interestingly, SRF also promotes cell survival by...

Molecular Interactions of Yeast Neo1p, an Essential Member of the Drs2 Family of Aminophospholipid Translocases, and Its Role in Membrane Trafficking within the Endomembrane System

Wicky, Sidonie, Schwarz, Heinz, Singer-Krüger, Birgit

Neo1p is an essential yeast member of the highly conserved Drs2 family of P-type ATPases with proposed aminophospholipid translocase activity. Here we present evidence that Neo1p localizes to...

E-cadherin is essential for in vivo epidermal barrier function by regulating tight junctions

Tunggal, Judith A, Helfrich, Iris, Schmitz, Annika, Schwarz, Heinz, Günzel, Dorothee, Fromm, Michael, ...

Cadherin adhesion molecules are key determinants of morphogenesis and tissue architecture. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the morphogenetic contributions of cadherins remain...

Neuronal migration in the murine rostral migratory stream requires serum response factor

Alberti, Siegfried, Krause, Sven M., Kretz, Oliver, Philippar, Ulrike, Lemberger, Thomas, Casanova, Emilio, ...

The central nervous system is fundamentally dependent on guided cell migration, both during development and in adulthood. We report an absolute requirement of the transcription factor serum response...

The Genome of the Novel Phage Rtp, with a Rosette-Like Tail Tip, Is Homologous to the Genome of Phage T1

Wietzorrek, Andreas, Schwarz, Heinz, Herrmann, Christina, Braun, Volkmar

Anew Escherichia coli phage, named Rtp, was isolated and shown to be closely related to phage T1. Electron microscopy revealed that phage Rtp has a morphologically unique tail tip consisting of four...

The Vacuolar Transporter Chaperone (VTC) Complex Is Required for Microautophagy

Uttenweiler, Andreas, Schwarz, Heinz, Neumann, Heinz, Mayer, Andreas

Microautophagy involves direct invagination and fission of the vacuolar/lysosomal membrane under nutrient limitation. This occurs by an autophagic tube, a specialized vacuolar membrane invagination...

Septin-dependent compartmentalization of the endoplasmic reticulum during yeast polarized growth

Luedeke, Cosima, Frei, Stéphanie Buvelot, Sbalzarini, Ivo, Schwarz, Heinz, Spang, Anne, Barral, Yves

Polarized cells frequently use diffusion barriers to separate plasma membrane domains. It is unknown whether diffusion barriers also compartmentalize intracellular organelles. We used photobleaching...

The Arabidopsis KNOLLE Protein Is a Cytokinesis-specific Syntaxin

Lauber, Martina H., Waizenegger, Irene, Steinmann, Thomas, Schwarz, Heinz, Mayer, Ulrike, Hwang, Inwhan, ...

In higher plant cytokinesis, plasma membrane and cell wall originate by vesicle fusion in the plane of cell division. The Arabidopsis KNOLLE gene, which is required for cytokinesis, encodes a protein...

A Sponge-like Structure Involved in the Association and Transport of Maternal Products during Drosophila Oogenesis

Wilsch-Bräuninger, Michaela, Schwarz, Heinz, Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane

Localization of maternally provided RNAs during oogenesis is required for formation of the antero–posterior axis of the Drosophila embryo. Here we describe a subcellular structure in nurse cells...

Analysis of Cd44-Containing Lipid Rafts: Recruitment of Annexin II and Stabilization by the Actin Cytoskeleton

Oliferenko, Snezhana, Paiha, Karin, Harder, Thomas, Gerke, Volker, Schwärzler, Christoph, Schwarz, Heinz, ...

CD44, the major cell surface receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA), was shown to localize to detergent-resistant cholesterol-rich microdomains, called lipid rafts, in fibroblasts and blood cells. Here,...

Serum response factor is crucial for actin cytoskeletal organization and focal adhesion assembly in embryonic stem cells

Schratt, Gerhard, Philippar, Ulrike, Berger, Jürgen, Schwarz, Heinz, Heidenreich, Olaf, Nordheim, Alfred

The activity of serum response factor (SRF), an essential transcription factor in mouse gastrulation, is regulated by changes in actin dynamics. Using Srf(−/−) embryonic stem (ES) cells, we...

Zebrafish vasa RNA but Not Its Protein Is a Component of the Germ Plasm and Segregates Asymmetrically before Germline Specification

Knaut, Holger, Pelegri, Francisco, Bohmann, Kerstin, Schwarz, Heinz, Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane

Work in different organisms revealed that the vasa gene product is essential for germline specification. Here, we describe the asymmetric segregation of zebrafish vasa RNA, which distinguishes germ...

Autophagic Tubes: Vacuolar Invaginations Involved in Lateral Membrane Sorting and Inverse Vesicle Budding

Müller, Oliver, Sattler, Tanja, Flötenmeyer, Matthias, Schwarz, Heinz, Plattner, Helmut, Mayer, Andreas

Many intracellular compartments of eukaryotic cells do not adopt a spherical shape, which would be expected in the absence of mechanisms organizing their structure. However, little is known about the...

Structure of the Head of the Bartonella Adhesin BadA

Szczesny, Pawel, Linke, Dirk, Ursinus, Astrid, Bär, Kerstin, Schwarz, Heinz, Riess, Tanja M., ...

Trimeric autotransporter adhesins (TAAs) are a major class of proteins by which pathogenic proteobacteria adhere to their hosts. Prominent examples include Yersinia YadA, Haemophilus Hia and Hsf,...

Zebrafish eda and edar Mutants Reveal Conserved and Ancestral Roles of Ectodysplasin Signaling in Vertebrates

Harris, Matthew P., Rohner, Nicolas, Schwarz, Heinz, Perathoner, Simon, Konstantinidis, Peter, Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane

The genetic basis of the development and variation of adult form of vertebrates is not well understood. To address this problem, we performed a mutant screen to identify genes essential for the...

Organotypical tissue cultures from adult murine colon as an in vitro model of intestinal mucosa

Bareiss, Petra M., Metzger, Marco, Sohn, Kai, Rupp, Steffen, Frick, Julia S., Autenrieth, Ingo B., ...

Together with animal experiments, organotypical cell cultures are important models for analyzing cellular interactions of the mucosal epithelium and pathogenic mechanisms in the gastrointestinal...

Analysis of a Novel Insect Cell Culture Medium-Based Growth Medium for Bartonella Species▿

Riess, Tanja, Dietrich, Florian, Schmidt, Katja V., Kaiser, Patrick O., Schwarz, Heinz, Schäfer, Andrea, ...

Human- and animal-pathogenic Bartonella species are fastidious and slow-growing bacteria difficult to isolate and cultivate. We describe a novel, easy-to-prepare liquid medium for the fast and...

The Peptidoglycan Sacculus of Myxococcus xanthus Has Unusual Structural Features and Is Degraded during Glycerol-Induced Myxospore Development▿

Bui, Nhat Khai, Gray, Joe, Schwarz, Heinz, Schumann, Peter, Blanot, Didier, Vollmer, Waldemar

Upon nutrient limitation cells of the swarming soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus form a multicellular fruiting body in which a fraction of the cells develop into myxospores. Spore development...

The Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule EpCAM Is Required for Epithelial Morphogenesis and Integrity during Zebrafish Epiboly and Skin Development

Slanchev, Krasimir, Carney, Thomas J., Stemmler, Marc P., Koschorz, Birgit, Amsterdam, Adam, Schwarz, Heinz, ...

The aberrant expression of the transmembrane protein EpCAM is associated with tumor progression, affecting different cellular processes such as cell–cell adhesion, migration, proliferation,...

Cuticle differentiation in the embryo of the amphipod crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis

Havemann, Johanna, Müller, Ursula, Berger, Jürgen, Schwarz, Heinz, Gerberding, Matthias, Moussian, Bernard

The arthropod cuticle is a multilayered extracellular matrix produced by the epidermis during embryogenesis and moulting. Molecularly and histologically, cuticle differentiation has been extensively...

Post-translational Tyrosine Nitration of Eosinophil Granule Toxins Mediated by Eosinophil Peroxidase*

Ulrich, Martina, Petre, Alina, Youhnovski, Nikolay, Prömm, Franziska, Schirle, Markus, Schumm, Michael, ...

Nitration of tyrosine residues has been observed during various acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanism of tyrosine nitration and the nature of the proteins that become...