J. W. Schrama

Effects of oxygen concentration and body weight on maximum feed intake, growth and hematological parameters of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (2008)

Tran Duy, A., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

Feed intake and satiation in fish are regulated by a number of factors, of which dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) is important. Since fish take up oxygen through the limited gill surface area, all...

Effects of dietary starch and energy levels on maximum feed intake, growth and metabolism of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (2008)

Tran Duy, A., Smit, B., Schrama, J.W.

The aim of this study was to gain insight into how Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) regulate feed and energy intake in response to diets low and high in starch and cellulose. It was hypothesized...

A brief note on the relationship between residual feed intake and aggression behaviour in juveniles of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (2008)

Martins, C.I., Hillen, B., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

Individual differences in maintenance levels have been related with energetically expensive processes such as aggression. This relationship is not fully understood as on one hand individuals with...

Adiposity killed the catfish' appetite (2008)

Heinsbroek, L.T.N., Rutjes, G.M., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

Fish require relatively high dietary protein levels when compared with other farm animals. Because of the high price of protein and the environmental effects of nitrogen discharge, the protein...

Digesta characteristiscs and performance of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed cereal grains that differ in viscosity (2007)

Leenhouwers, J.I., Verreth, J.A.J., Schrama, J.W.

Inclusion of cereal grains in fish diets may induce changes in digesta characteristics with possible consequences for fish performance. Especially viscosity characteristics of the dietary ingredients...

Effects of feed composition on life history developments in feed intake, metabolism, growth and body composition of European eel, Anguilla anguilla (2007)

Heinsbroek, L.T.N., Hooff, P.L.A., Swinkels, W., Tanck, M.W.T., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

To examine the effect of feed composition on changes in feed intake and subsequent feed utilization with age, five populations of European eel, with an average initial body weight of 5 g each fed a...

Soybean meal-induced enteritis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) at different temperatures (2007)

Urán Carmona, P.A., Schrama, J.W., Obach, A., Jensen, L., Koppe, W., ...

This study evaluates the effect of temperature on the development of intestinal disorders when Atlantic salmon are fed soybean meal (SBM). In this study 20% of the dietary fishmeal was replaced by...

Digesta characteristics in relation to nutrient digestibility and mineral absorption in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fed cereal grains of increasing viscosity (2007)

Leenhouwers, J.I., Ortega, R.C., Verreth, J.A.J., Schrama, J.W.

Soluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) present in cereal grains may affect performance of Nile tilapia through changes in digesta characteristics. The objective of this study was to investigate...

The effect of carbohydrate addition on water quality and the nitrogen budget in extensive shrimp culture systems (2006)

Hari, B., Kurup, B.M., Varghese, J.T., Schrama, J.W., Verdegem, M.C.J.

Water quality and shrimp production were monitored in extensively managed ponds which were fed a 25% (P25) or 40% (P40) dietary protein, each diet complemented with or without carbohydrate (CH)...

Presence of lactobacilli in the intestinal content of freshwater fish from a river and from a farm with a recirculation system (2006)

Bucio Galindo, A., Hartemink, R., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J., Rombouts, F.M.

Lactobacilli are Gram-positive and catalase negative rods commonly found in lactic acid fermented foods and in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals and birds. Few studies have described lactobacilli...

Effects of rearing and housing environment on behaviour and performance of pigs with different coping characteristics (2006)

Bolhuis, J.E., Schouten, W.G.P., Schrama, J.W., Wiegant, V.M.

The availability of a rooting substrate may profoundly affect behaviour and welfare of pigs. Apart from their actual housing environment, also the conditions present in early life and individual...

Reviewing the low efficiency of protein utilization in heavy preruminant calves - a reductionist approach (2006)

Schrama, J.W., Gerrits, W.J.J.

The efficiency of protein utilization for growth in preruminant calves is decreasing with increasing body weight. In contrast to calves weighing less than 100 kg of body weight, heavy preruminant...

Temperature and body weight affect fouling of pig pens (2006)

Aarnink, A.J.A., Schrama, J.W., Heetkamp, M.J.W., Stefanowska, J., Huynh, T.T.T.

Fouling of the solid lying area in pig housing is undesirable for reasons of animal welfare, animal health, environmental pollution, and labor costs. In this study the influence of temperature on the...

The effect of group composition on the welfare of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) (2006)

Martins, C.I., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

Within fish farming grading, i.e. the process of sorting to approximate size, changes the group composition from heterogeneous to homogeneous. Although this procedure is considered an acute stressor,...

Effect of gelatinization degree and inclusion level of dietary starch on the characteristics of digesta and faeces in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus (L.)) (2006)

Amirkolaie, A.K., Verreth, J.A.J., Schrama, J.W.

Higher faeces removal efficiency can help and reduce the negative impact of faecal waste on water quality and on the environment. Physicochemical properties of feed ingredients/nutrients may change...

The relationship between individual differences in feed efficiency and stress response in African catfish Clarias gariepinus (2006)

Martins, C.I., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

Despite the importance of feed efficiency and stress response in fish production, the number of studies focusing on the relationship of their individual differences has never been investigated. This...

Digesta viscosity, nutrient digestibility and organ weights in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed diets supplemented with different levels of a soluble non-starch polysaccharide (2006)

Leenhouwers, J.I., Adjei_Boateng, D., Verreth, J.A.J., Schrama, J.W.

The objective of the present study was to investigate if dietary soluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) increase digesta viscosity, reduce nutrient digestibility and increase organ weights in...

Comparison of feed intake behaviour and stress response in isolated and non-isolated African catfish (2006)

Martins, C.I., Trenovski, M., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

This study shows that in African catfish Clarias gariepinus feed intake (IF) is stimulated by the presence of conspecifics resulting in higher IF and growth rate. The feeding duration and the...

The effect of initial weight composition and heterogeneity on growth and behaviour of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) (2005)

Aanyu, M., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

It is generally accepted that disrupting social hierarchy by size grading allow the smaller to grow better. However, many studies have shown a negative or no effect at all. This raises the question...

Inherent variation in growth efficiency of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) juveniles (2005)

Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

Understanding the major causes of growth variation is crucial for the success of fish farming since its reduction contributes to maximize production efficiency, reduce food waste and improve water...

Comparison of faecal collection method with high and low quality diets regarding digestibility and faeces characteristics measurements in Nile tilapia (2005)

Amirkolaie, A.K., Eding, E.H., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

The need for unbiased digestibility estimation has led to the development of a number of faeces collection methods. However, there is still a large variation in apparent digestibility coefficient...

Type of dietary fibre (soluble versus insoluble) influences digestion, faeces characteristics and faecal waste production in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) (2005)

Amirkolaie, A.K., Leenhouwers, J.I., Verreth, J.A.J., Schrama, J.W.

The physico-chemical properties of nutrients influence the physical characteristics of faeces and thus may affect waste removal efficiency. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of type of...

Individual coping characteristics, aggressiveness and fighting strategies in pigs (2005)

Bolhuis, J.E., Schouten, W.G.P., Schrama, J.W., Wiegant, V.M.

Individual pigs, Sus scrofa, differ considerably in how aggressive they are during encounters with unfamiliar conspecifics. We examined whether individual coping characteristics of pigs were...

Behavioural development of pigs with different coping characteristics in barren and substrate-enriched housing conditions (2005)

Bolhuis, J.E., Schouten, W.G.P., Schrama, J.W., Wiegant, V.M.

Characterization of piglets based on the degree of resistance they display in a so-called Backtest is, to a certain extent, predictive of their coping responses to several challenges in later life....

Photoperiod affects growth, behaviour and stress variables in Clarias gariepinus (2005)

Almazán Rueda, P., Verreth, J.A.J., Schrama, J.W.

Short periods of light or no light (18D : 06L and 24D : 00L) resulted in an increased growth compared to extended periods of light (06D : 18L and 12D : 12L) in African catfish Clarias gariepinus....

Mineral absorption and excretion as affected by microbial phytase and their effect on energy metabolism in young piglets (2005)

Kies, A.K., Gerrits, W.J.J., Schrama, J.W., Heetkamp, M.J.W., Zandstra, T., ...

Positive effects of dietary phytase supplementation on pig performance are observed not only when phosphorus is limiting. Improved energy utilization might be one explanation. Using indirect...

Survival of Lactobacillus plantarum 44a after spraying and drying in feed and during exposure to gastrointestinal tract fluids in vitro (2005)

Bucio Galindo, A., Hartemink, R., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J., Rombouts, F.M.

A good probiotic strain should be able to survive the conditions of handling and storage to be delivered in high concentration to the host. That is especially important when stressful conditions are...

Size distribution in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) affects feeding behaviour but not growth (2005)

Aanyu, M., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of size distribution on growth performance and feeding behaviour in juveniles of African catfish. Two thousand sibling fish were grown for 8 weeks...

The consistency of individual differences in growth, feed efficiency and feeding behaviour in African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) housed individually (2005)

Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

Individual variation in growth, feed intake and feeding behaviour has been previously recognized in several fish species. However, there is a lack of information regarding the consistency of such...

Energievoorziening en -benutting. Varkensvoeding: nieuwe ontwikkelingen en praktijk (2005)

Schrama, J.W.

De basisprincipes van de energetische benutting van nutriënten worden behandeld. Hiermee worden de achtergronden van het huidige netto-energiewaarderingssysteem voor varkens toegelicht, alsmede...

Effects of carbohydrate addition on production in extensive shrimp culture systems (2004)

Hari, B., Kurup, B.M., Varghese, J.T., Schrama, J.W., Verdegem, M.C.J.

One indoor and one on-farm trial were conducted to evaluate the effect of control of carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) by addition of carbohydrate to the water column in extensive types of shrimp...

Individual coping characteristics, rearing conditions and behavioural flexibility in pigs (2004)

Bolhuis, J.E., Schouten, W.G.P., Schrama, J.W., Wiegant, V.M.

Several studies suggest that classification of piglets early in life based on the degree of resistance they display in a so-called Backtest may be indicative of their coping style at a later age. In...

Behavioural responses under different feeding methods and light regimes of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) juveniles (2004)

Almazán Rueda, P., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

Little is known about the behaviour of fish under culture conditions. Several factors may have a direct effect on fish behaviour and its variations during the day. This study assessed the effect of...

Apparent digestibility coefficient of duckweed (Lemna minor), fresh and dry for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) (2004)

El-Gohary, F., Verreth, J.A.J., Schrama, J.W., Gijzen, H.J.

Dry matter (DMD), protein (PD), ash (AD), fat (FD), gross energy (ED) and phosphorus (PhD) digestibility coefficients were determined for five different iso-N fish diets fed to Nile tilapia...

Backtest type and housing condition of pigs influence energy metabolism (2004)

Geverink, N.A., Heetkamp, M.J.W., Schouten, W.G.P., Wiegant, V.M., Schrama, J.W.

The behavioral response of piglets in a backtest early in life seems indicative of their coping strategy at a later age. Coping characteristics may depend on the interaction between backtest...

Digestibility, faeces recovery, and related carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus balances of five feed ingredients evaluated as fishmeal alternatives in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L. (2004)

Schneider, O., Amirkolaie, A.K., Vera-Cartas, J., Eding, E.H., Schrama, J.W., Verreth, J.A.J.

This study shows that alternatives for fishmeal in a fish diet affect not only fish growth but also faeces stability and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) waste production. Wheat gluten diet (WGD),...