Joseph A. Kovacs

ART Suppresses Plasma HIV-1 RNA to a Stable Set Point Predicted by Pretherapy Viremia (2007)

Frank Maldarelli, Sarah Palmer, Martin S. King, Ann Wiegand, Michael A. Polis, JoAnn Mican, ...

Current antiretroviral therapy is effective in suppressing but not eliminating HIV-1 infection. Understanding the source of viral persistence is essential for developing strategies to eradicate HIV-1...

Impact of HIV-1 infection and highly active antiretroviral therapy on the kinetics of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell turnover in HIV-infected patients

Lempicki, Richard A., Kovacs, Joseph A., Baseler, Michael W., Adelsberger, Joseph W., Dewar, Robin L., Natarajan, Ven, ...

To evaluate the effects of HIV infection on T cell turnover, we examined levels of DNA synthesis in lymph node and peripheral blood mononuclear cell subsets by using ex vivo labeling with BrdUrd....

HIV-1 and T cell dynamics after interruption of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in patients with a history of sustained viral suppression

Davey, Richard T., Bhat, Niranjan, Yoder, Christian, Chun, Tae-Wook, Metcalf, Julia A., Dewar, Robin, ...

Identifying the immunologic and virologic consequences of discontinuing antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients is of major importance in developing long-term treatment strategies for...

Rapid Detection of Mutations in the Human-Derived Pneumocystis carinii Dihydropteroate Synthase Gene Associated with Sulfa Resistance

Ma, Liang, Kovacs, Joseph A.

Recent studies have shown that point mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene of human-derived Pneumocystis carinii are related to exposure to sulfa drugs and possibly represent the...

Genetic Analysis of Multiple Loci Suggests that Mutations in the Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis Dihydropteroate Synthase Gene Arose Independently in Multiple Strains

Ma, Liang, Kovacs, Joseph A.

To determine if mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene of Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis arose in a single strain that was subsequently widely disseminated, we examined four...

Expression and Characterization of Recombinant Human-Derived Pneumocystis carinii Dihydrofolate Reductase

Ma, Liang, Kovacs, Joseph A.

Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is the target of trimethoprim (TMP), which has been widely used in combination with sulfa drugs for treatment and prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. While...

Characterization of Major Surface Glycoprotein Genes of Human Pneumocystis carinii and High-Level Expression of a Conserved Region

Mei, Qin, Turner, Ross E., Sorial, Vivian, Klivington, Diane, Angus, C. William, Kovacs, Joseph A.

To facilitate studies of Pneumocystis carinii infection in humans, we undertook to better characterize and to express the major surface glycoprotein (MSG) of human P. carinii, an important protein in...

Development of a Rapid Real-Time PCR Assay for Quantitation of Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. carinii

Larsen, Hans Henrik, Kovacs, Joseph A., Stock, Frida, Vestereng, Vibeke H., Lundgren, Bettina, Fischer, Steven H., ...

A method for reliable quantification of Pneumocystis carinii in research models of P. carinii pneumonia (PCP) that is more convenient and reproducible than microscopic enumeration of organisms would...

Increased peripheral expansion of naive CD4+ T cells in vivo after IL-2 treatment of patients with HIV infection

Natarajan, Ven, Lempicki, Richard A., Sereti, Irini, Badralmaa, Yunden, Adelsberger, Joseph W., Metcalf, Julia A., ...

Intermittent interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy has been shown to increase the number of CD4+ T cells, preferentially cells with a naive phenotype, in patients with HIV infection. For this report we...

Development of a Yeast Assay for Rapid Screening of Inhibitors of Human-Derived Pneumocystis carinii Dihydrofolate Reductase

Ma, Liang, Jia, Qiuyao, Kovacs, Joseph A.

Human-derived Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) was expressed in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain whose growth depends on complementation by this enzyme. We utilized a quantitative...

A Single-Copy Gene Encodes Kex1, a Serine Endoprotease of Pneumocystis jiroveci

Kutty, Geetha, Kovacs, Joseph A.

We have cloned and characterized the kex1 gene of Pneumocystis jiroveci. Unlike the case for Pneumocystis carinii, in which the homologous PRT-1 genes are multicopy, kex1 is a single-copy gene...

Plasma Pharmacokinetics of Sulfadiazine Administered Twice Daily versus Four Times Daily Are Similar in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients†

Jordan, M. Kelli, Burstein, Aaron H., Rock-Kress, Diane, Alfaro, Raul M., Pau, Alice K., Kovacs, Joseph A., ...

The pharmacokinetics of 2,000 mg of sulfadiazine administered twice daily (BID) versus those of 1,000 mg administered four times a day were compared in eight human immunodeficiency virus-infected...

In vivo expansion of CD4+CD45RO–CD25+ T cells expressing foxP3 in IL-2-treated HIV-infected patients

Sereti, Irini, Imamichi, Hiromi, Natarajan, Ven, Imamichi, Tomozumi, Ramchandani, Meena S., Badralmaa, Yunden, ...

Administration of IL-2 to HIV-infected patients leads to expansion of a unique subset of CD4+CD45RO–CD25+ cells. In this study, the origin, clonality, and function of these cells were investigated....

Induction of prolonged survival of CD4+ T lymphocytes by intermittent IL-2 therapy in HIV-infected patients

Kovacs, Joseph A., Lempicki, Richard A., Sidorov, Igor A., Adelsberger, Joseph W., Sereti, Irini, Sachau, William, ...

HIV infection leads to decreases in the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes and an increased risk for opportunistic infections and neoplasms. The administration of intermittent cycles of IL-2 to...

Naïve T-Cell Dynamics in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection: Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Provide Insights into the Mechanisms of Naïve T-Cell Depletion

Di Mascio, Michele, Sereti, Irini, Matthews, Lynn T., Natarajan, Ven, Adelsberger, Joseph, Lempicki, Richard, ...

Both naïve CD4+ and naïve CD8+ T cells are depleted in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection by unknown mechanisms. Analysis of their dynamics prior to and after...

Impact of HIV-1 infection and highly active antiretroviral therapy on the kinetics of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell turnover in HIV-infected patients

Lempicki, Richard A., Kovacs, Joseph A., Baseler, Michael W., Adelsberger, Joseph W., Dewar, Robin L., Natarajan, Ven, ...

To evaluate the effects of HIV infection on T cell turnover, we examined levels of DNA synthesis in lymph node and peripheral blood mononuclear cell subsets by using ex vivo labeling with BrdUrd....

HIV-1 and T cell dynamics after interruption of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in patients with a history of sustained viral suppression

Davey, Richard T., Bhat, Niranjan, Yoder, Christian, Chun, Tae-Wook, Metcalf, Julia A., Dewar, Robin, ...

Identifying the immunologic and virologic consequences of discontinuing antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients is of major importance in developing long-term treatment strategies for...

Rapid Detection of Mutations in the Human-Derived Pneumocystis carinii Dihydropteroate Synthase Gene Associated with Sulfa Resistance

Ma, Liang, Kovacs, Joseph A.

Recent studies have shown that point mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene of human-derived Pneumocystis carinii are related to exposure to sulfa drugs and possibly represent the...

Genetic Analysis of Multiple Loci Suggests that Mutations in the Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis Dihydropteroate Synthase Gene Arose Independently in Multiple Strains

Ma, Liang, Kovacs, Joseph A.

To determine if mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene of Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis arose in a single strain that was subsequently widely disseminated, we examined four...

Expression and Characterization of Recombinant Human-Derived Pneumocystis carinii Dihydrofolate Reductase

Ma, Liang, Kovacs, Joseph A.

Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is the target of trimethoprim (TMP), which has been widely used in combination with sulfa drugs for treatment and prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. While...

Characterization of Major Surface Glycoprotein Genes of Human Pneumocystis carinii and High-Level Expression of a Conserved Region

Mei, Qin, Turner, Ross E., Sorial, Vivian, Klivington, Diane, Angus, C. William, Kovacs, Joseph A.

To facilitate studies of Pneumocystis carinii infection in humans, we undertook to better characterize and to express the major surface glycoprotein (MSG) of human P. carinii, an important protein in...

Development of a Rapid Real-Time PCR Assay for Quantitation of Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. carinii

Larsen, Hans Henrik, Kovacs, Joseph A., Stock, Frida, Vestereng, Vibeke H., Lundgren, Bettina, Fischer, Steven H., ...

A method for reliable quantification of Pneumocystis carinii in research models of P. carinii pneumonia (PCP) that is more convenient and reproducible than microscopic enumeration of organisms would...

Increased peripheral expansion of naive CD4+ T cells in vivo after IL-2 treatment of patients with HIV infection

Natarajan, Ven, Lempicki, Richard A., Sereti, Irini, Badralmaa, Yunden, Adelsberger, Joseph W., Metcalf, Julia A., ...

Intermittent interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy has been shown to increase the number of CD4+ T cells, preferentially cells with a naive phenotype, in patients with HIV infection. For this report we...

Development of a Yeast Assay for Rapid Screening of Inhibitors of Human-Derived Pneumocystis carinii Dihydrofolate Reductase

Ma, Liang, Jia, Qiuyao, Kovacs, Joseph A.

Human-derived Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) was expressed in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain whose growth depends on complementation by this enzyme. We utilized a quantitative...

A Single-Copy Gene Encodes Kex1, a Serine Endoprotease of Pneumocystis jiroveci

Kutty, Geetha, Kovacs, Joseph A.

We have cloned and characterized the kex1 gene of Pneumocystis jiroveci. Unlike the case for Pneumocystis carinii, in which the homologous PRT-1 genes are multicopy, kex1 is a single-copy gene...

Plasma Pharmacokinetics of Sulfadiazine Administered Twice Daily versus Four Times Daily Are Similar in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients†

Jordan, M. Kelli, Burstein, Aaron H., Rock-Kress, Diane, Alfaro, Raul M., Pau, Alice K., Kovacs, Joseph A., ...

The pharmacokinetics of 2,000 mg of sulfadiazine administered twice daily (BID) versus those of 1,000 mg administered four times a day were compared in eight human immunodeficiency virus-infected...

In vivo expansion of CD4+CD45RO–CD25+ T cells expressing foxP3 in IL-2-treated HIV-infected patients

Sereti, Irini, Imamichi, Hiromi, Natarajan, Ven, Imamichi, Tomozumi, Ramchandani, Meena S., Badralmaa, Yunden, ...

Administration of IL-2 to HIV-infected patients leads to expansion of a unique subset of CD4+CD45RO–CD25+ cells. In this study, the origin, clonality, and function of these cells were investigated....

Induction of prolonged survival of CD4+ T lymphocytes by intermittent IL-2 therapy in HIV-infected patients

Kovacs, Joseph A., Lempicki, Richard A., Sidorov, Igor A., Adelsberger, Joseph W., Sereti, Irini, Sachau, William, ...

HIV infection leads to decreases in the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes and an increased risk for opportunistic infections and neoplasms. The administration of intermittent cycles of IL-2 to...

Naïve T-Cell Dynamics in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection: Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Provide Insights into the Mechanisms of Naïve T-Cell Depletion

Di Mascio, Michele, Sereti, Irini, Matthews, Lynn T., Natarajan, Ven, Adelsberger, Joseph, Lempicki, Richard, ...

Both naïve CD4+ and naïve CD8+ T cells are depleted in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection by unknown mechanisms. Analysis of their dynamics prior to and after...

ART Suppresses Plasma HIV-1 RNA to a Stable Set Point Predicted by Pretherapy Viremia

Maldarelli, Frank, Palmer, Sarah, King, Martin S, Wiegand, Ann, Polis, Michael A, Mican, JoAnn, ...

Current antiretroviral therapy is effective in suppressing but not eliminating HIV-1 infection. Understanding the source of viral persistence is essential for developing strategies to eradicate HIV-1...

Identification of Dynamically Distinct Subpopulations of T Lymphocytes That Are Differentially Affected by HIV

Kovacs, Joseph A., Lempicki, Richard A., Sidorov, Igor A., Adelsberger, Joseph W., Herpin, Betsey, Metcalf, Julia A., ...

We examined the effects of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the turnover of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes in 17 HIV-infected patients by 30 min in vivo pulse labeling with bromodeoxyuridine...

Pneumocystis Encodes a Functional S-Adenosylmethionine Synthetase Gene▿

Kutty, Geetha, Hernandez-Novoa, Beatriz, Czapiga, Meggan, Kovacs, Joseph A.

S-Adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) synthetase (EC 2.5.1.6) is the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of AdoMet, a molecule important for all cellular organisms. We have cloned and characterized an AdoMet...

Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia: natural history and prognostic factors

Zonios, Dimitrios I., Falloon, Judith, Bennett, John E., Shaw, Pamela A., Chaitt, Doreen, Baseler, Michael W., ...

Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare non–HIV-related syndrome with unclear natural history and prognosis. This prospective natural history cohort study describes the clinical course, CD4...

Immune responses to Pneumocystis murina are robust in healthy mice but largely absent in CD40 ligand-deficient mice

Hernandez-Novoa, Beatriz, Bishop, Lisa, Logun, Carolea, Munson, Peter J., Elnekave, Eldad, Rangel, Zoila G., ...

Pneumocystis is a pathogen of immunocompromised hosts but can also infect healthy hosts, in whom infection is rapidly controlled and cleared. Microarray methods were used to examine differential gene...

Four-Antigen Mixture Containing V-Cyclin for Serological Screening of Human Herpesvirus 8 Infection▿

Burbelo, Peter D., Leahy, Hannah P., Groot, Sandra, Bishop, Lisa R., Miley, Wendell, Iadarola, Michael J., ...

Improved diagnostic reagents and testing are currently needed for the serological detection of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infections. We evaluated the luciferase immunoprecipitation systems (LIPS)...

High Sensitivity and Specificity of Acid-Fast Microscopy for Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in an African Population with a High Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus ▿

Shea, Yvonne R., Davis, J. Lucian, Huang, Laurence, Kovacs, Joseph A., Masur, Henry, Mulindwa, Francis, ...

Laboratories in low-income countries report that acid-fast microscopy is insensitive and nonspecific. We demonstrate that for a Ugandan population with high prevalences of tuberculosis and human...