Rhee, H., Guo, F., Lee, J. G., Chen, Katherine C., Subramanian, K. N.
Mechanical incorporation of metallic particles in the Sn-Ag-based solder resulted in various intermetallic compound (IMC) morphologies around these particles during reflow. Unlike with the Ni...
Damage Accumulation Under Repeated Reverse Stressing of Sn-Ag Solder Joints (2002)
Chen, Katherine C., Telang, A., Lee, J. G., Subramanian, K. N.
To better understand the effect of repeated reverse stress in solder joints, a new testing method was developed. Tin-silver solder joints were fabricated, constrained between Cu blocks, and then...
Surface Modification of Ti3Al for Improved Oxidation Resistance. (1998)
Vaidya, Rajendra U., Sin, Y. W., Subramanian, K. N., Zurek, Anna K., Castro, Richard
This paper concerned metals in some important way and contained information about, utilized, or discussed these subjects: basic topics: experimental materials and material types: al3ti, ti3al...
Effect of Cold Rolling on the Tensile Properties of (Al2O3)p/Al Composites. (1998)
Lee, J. C., Subramanian, K. N.
Cold rolling of extruded 6061 al alloy composite reinforced with 10% of al2o3 particulates along the transverse direction results in more uniform distribution of the particulates. this rolling is...
Effect of Cold Rolling on the Elastic Properties of (Al2O3)p-Al Composite. (1998)
Lee, J. C., Subramanian, K. N.
Mechanical shaping of an aluminium alloy reinforced with al2o3 particulates, (al2o3)p-al, was carried out by a cold roling operation. rolling was performed unidirectionally in a direction...
Lee, J. C., Subramanian, K. N., Kim, Y.
The interface characterization of the aluminium alloy reinforced with al2o3 particulates ((al2o3)/al composite) was performed using x-ray diffractometry and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. a...
Young's Modulus of Cold- and Hot-Rolled (Al2O3)p-Al Composite. (1998)
Lee, J. C., Subramanian, K. N.
The young's modulus of hot-rolled al alloy reinforced with al2o3 particulates, (al2o3)p-al composite, is measured using the dynamic sonic resonance test method. the variation in the moduli of cold-...
Surface Modification of Ti3Al for Improved Oxidation Resistance. (1998)
Vaidya, Rajendra U., Sin, Y. W., Subramanian, K. N., Zurek, Anna K., Castro, Richard
Ti3al has very attractive properties like low density and high temperature mechanical strength for elevated temperature structural applications. its major drawback however, is its poor oxidation...
Vaidya, R. U., Subramanian, K. N.
The fracture toughness of a commercially available amorphous metal ribbon incorporated into a glass-ceramic matrix was assessed. The ribbon orientation relative to the opening crack significantly...
Vaidya, R. U., Subramanian, K. N.
Effect of temperature on the modulus of rupture of glass matrix composites reinforced with very small volume fractions (1%) of continuous metallic glass ribbons was studied. The failure modes in such...
Discontinuous Metallic-Glass Ribbon Reinforced Glass-Ceramic Matrix Composites. (1998)
Vaidya, R. U., Subramanian, K. N.
Discontinuous metallic-glass ribbons of varying lengths and widths were used to reinforce a brittle glass-ceramic matrix. The fracture strength and toughness of such composites as a function of...
Lee, T. K., Subramanian, K. N.
Fracture toughness of brittle ceramic matrix composites with brittle reinforcements can be enhanced by mechanically weak interface due to frictional sliding between matrix and reinforcement during...
Toughening in Metallic-Glass Ribbon Reinforced Glass-Ceramic Matrix Composites. (1998)
Vaidya, Rajendra U., Subramanian, K. N.
The toughening mechanism in a metallic-glass ribbon reinforced glass-ceramic matrix composite was investigated. Significant toughening and resistance to brittle failure was obtained by incorporating...
Use of External, Biosynthetic, and Organellar Arginine by Neurospora
Subramanian, K. N., Weiss, Richard L., Davis, Rowland H.
The fate of very low amounts of 14C-arginine derived from the medium or from biosynthesis was studied in Neurospora cells grown in minimal medium. In both cases, the label enters the cytoplasm, where...
Regulation of Nitrate Reductase in Neurospora crassa: Stability In Vivo
Subramanian, K. N., Sorger, G. J.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form (NADPH)-nitrate reductase and its related enzyme activities, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and reduced benzyl viologen-nitrate reductase, are...
Regulation of Nitrate Reductase in Neurospora crassa: Regulation of Transcription and Translation
Subramanian, K. N., Sorger, G. J.
A technique employing cycloheximide and actinomycin D has been used for the separation of transcription and translation during the induction of nitrate reductase in Neurospora crassa. Nitrate...
Chandrasekharappa, S C, Subramanian, K N
A number of recent studies have reported that in papovaviruses such as simian virus 40 (SV40) and polyomavirus, the replication of the viral DNA in vivo is activated by the viral transcriptional...
Molecular cloning of two fast myosin heavy chain cDNAs from chicken embryo skeletal muscle.
Umeda, P K, Sinha, A M, Jakovcic, S, Merten, S, Hsu, H J, Subramanian, K N, ...
Recombinant DNA clones containing sequences for two different types of myosin heavy chain (HC) genes from chicken embryonic skeletal muscle were constructed and analyzed. Specificity of the clones...
The effect of in vitro methylation at the HpaII sites in polyoma DNA on viral gene expression and the maintenance of the methyl groups upon replication in vivo were examined. Most of the methylatable...
Kumar, R, Firak, T A, Schroll, C T, Subramanian, K N
We have cloned multiple copies of 72-base-pair (bp) repeat transcriptional enhancer element from simian virus 40 in plasmid vectors upstream from the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene...
Hartzell, S W, Yamaguchi, J, Subramanian, K N
We have constructed deletion mutants of simian virus 40 (SV40) lacking the two tandemly repeated copies or all three copies of the 21-bp repeated sequence located in the origin region. The mutants...
Definition of the boundaries of the origin of DNA replication in simian virus 40.
We have determined by use of DNA sequencing techniques the exact location of the deletion in d1 892, a viable deletion mutant of Simian virus 40 (SV40) reported to map very near the unique...
The mapping and ordering of fragments of SV40 DNA produced by restriction endonucleases
Subramanian, K.N., Pan, J., Zain, S., Weissman, S.M.
SV40 DNA is cleaved by the Eco RII and Hae restriction endonucleases to give rise to two different sets of 16 fragments each. These fragments have been ordered by analysis of the products of...
Mapping of the late promoter of simian virus 40.
Hartzell, S W, Byrne, B J, Subramanian, K N
Mapping of the simian virus 40 (SV40) late promoter was carried out in the absence of the viral early protein, large tumor (T) antigen, and replication of the viral DNA template. SV40 late control...
Territorial limits and functional anatomy of the simian virus 40 replication origin.
Bergsma, D J, Olive, D M, Hartzell, S W, Subramanian, K N
The region at and near the simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA replication origin contains a series of palindromes, a 17-base pair (bp) A + T-rich sequence, three copies of a 21-bp repeat, and two copies of a...
Dhruva, B R, Shenk, T, Subramanian, K N
The isolation and characterization of a viable mutant of simian virus 40 (SV40) called "in1449" are described. the mutant DNA is found to have a 157-nucleotide-long insertion at map position 0.649...
Mapping and ordering of fragments of BK virus DNA produced by restriction endonucleases.
Freund, J, Di Mayorca, G, Subramanian, K N
A total of 51 restriction sites were recognized within the BK virus genome by the combination of 10 different restriction endonucleases. These sites were mapped and oriented relative to one another...
Kumar, R, Yoon, K P, Subramanian, K N
In a previous study in our laboratory, the effect of the reiteration frequency of the simian virus 40 (SV40) 72-base-pair (bp) repeat enhancer on transcription from the proximal SV40 early promoter...
We have assayed the ability of segments of the simian virus 40 (SV40) 72-base-pair (bp) repeat enhancer region to activate gene expression under the control of the SV40 early promoter and to compete...
A highly specific procedure for the isolation of deletion mutants is described. The size and location of the deletions can be predetermined. By this method a series of deletion mutants mapping within...
Hartzell, S W, Byrne, B J, Subramanian, K N
We have studied the temporal regulation of simian virus 40 (SV40) late gene expression by construction and transient expression analysis of plasmids containing the transposon Tn9 chloramphenicol...
Byrne, B J, Davis, M S, Yamaguchi, J, Bergsma, D J, Subramanian, K N
The simian virus 40 (SV40) origin region includes the viral replication origin and the early and late promoters and consists of a few palindromes, a 17-base-pair (bp) A + T-rich sequence, three...
Structure of a large segment of the genome of simian virus 40 that does not encode known proteins.
Dhar, R, Subramanian, K N, Pan, J, Weissman, S M
The nucleotide sequence of the region of DNA of simian virus 40 extending from 0.595 to 0.790 map unit has been derived. The sequence includes the DNA complementary to the 5' end of early mRNA and to...
Raghu, G, Tevosian, S, Anant, S, Subramanian, K N, George, D L, Mirkin, S M
The mouse c-Ki-ras protooncogene promoter contains an unusual DNA element consisting of a 27 bp-long homopurine-homopyrimidine mirror repeat (H-motif) adjacent to a d(C-G)5 repeat. We have previously...
Use of External, Biosynthetic, and Organellar Arginine by Neurospora
Subramanian, K. N., Weiss, Richard L., Davis, Rowland H.
The fate of very low amounts of 14C-arginine derived from the medium or from biosynthesis was studied in Neurospora cells grown in minimal medium. In both cases, the label enters the cytoplasm, where...
Regulation of Nitrate Reductase in Neurospora crassa: Stability In Vivo
Subramanian, K. N., Sorger, G. J.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form (NADPH)-nitrate reductase and its related enzyme activities, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and reduced benzyl viologen-nitrate reductase, are...
Regulation of Nitrate Reductase in Neurospora crassa: Regulation of Transcription and Translation
Subramanian, K. N., Sorger, G. J.
A technique employing cycloheximide and actinomycin D has been used for the separation of transcription and translation during the induction of nitrate reductase in Neurospora crassa. Nitrate...
Chandrasekharappa, S C, Subramanian, K N
A number of recent studies have reported that in papovaviruses such as simian virus 40 (SV40) and polyomavirus, the replication of the viral DNA in vivo is activated by the viral transcriptional...
Molecular cloning of two fast myosin heavy chain cDNAs from chicken embryo skeletal muscle.
Umeda, P K, Sinha, A M, Jakovcic, S, Merten, S, Hsu, H J, Subramanian, K N, ...
Recombinant DNA clones containing sequences for two different types of myosin heavy chain (HC) genes from chicken embryonic skeletal muscle were constructed and analyzed. Specificity of the clones...
The effect of in vitro methylation at the HpaII sites in polyoma DNA on viral gene expression and the maintenance of the methyl groups upon replication in vivo were examined. Most of the methylatable...
Kumar, R, Firak, T A, Schroll, C T, Subramanian, K N
We have cloned multiple copies of 72-base-pair (bp) repeat transcriptional enhancer element from simian virus 40 in plasmid vectors upstream from the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene...
Hartzell, S W, Yamaguchi, J, Subramanian, K N
We have constructed deletion mutants of simian virus 40 (SV40) lacking the two tandemly repeated copies or all three copies of the 21-bp repeated sequence located in the origin region. The mutants...
Definition of the boundaries of the origin of DNA replication in simian virus 40.
We have determined by use of DNA sequencing techniques the exact location of the deletion in d1 892, a viable deletion mutant of Simian virus 40 (SV40) reported to map very near the unique...
The mapping and ordering of fragments of SV40 DNA produced by restriction endonucleases
Subramanian, K.N., Pan, J., Zain, S., Weissman, S.M.
SV40 DNA is cleaved by the Eco RII and Hae restriction endonucleases to give rise to two different sets of 16 fragments each. These fragments have been ordered by analysis of the products of...
Mapping of the late promoter of simian virus 40.
Hartzell, S W, Byrne, B J, Subramanian, K N
Mapping of the simian virus 40 (SV40) late promoter was carried out in the absence of the viral early protein, large tumor (T) antigen, and replication of the viral DNA template. SV40 late control...
Territorial limits and functional anatomy of the simian virus 40 replication origin.
Bergsma, D J, Olive, D M, Hartzell, S W, Subramanian, K N
The region at and near the simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA replication origin contains a series of palindromes, a 17-base pair (bp) A + T-rich sequence, three copies of a 21-bp repeat, and two copies of a...
Dhruva, B R, Shenk, T, Subramanian, K N
The isolation and characterization of a viable mutant of simian virus 40 (SV40) called "in1449" are described. the mutant DNA is found to have a 157-nucleotide-long insertion at map position 0.649...
Mapping and ordering of fragments of BK virus DNA produced by restriction endonucleases.
Freund, J, Di Mayorca, G, Subramanian, K N
A total of 51 restriction sites were recognized within the BK virus genome by the combination of 10 different restriction endonucleases. These sites were mapped and oriented relative to one another...
Kumar, R, Yoon, K P, Subramanian, K N
In a previous study in our laboratory, the effect of the reiteration frequency of the simian virus 40 (SV40) 72-base-pair (bp) repeat enhancer on transcription from the proximal SV40 early promoter...
We have assayed the ability of segments of the simian virus 40 (SV40) 72-base-pair (bp) repeat enhancer region to activate gene expression under the control of the SV40 early promoter and to compete...
A highly specific procedure for the isolation of deletion mutants is described. The size and location of the deletions can be predetermined. By this method a series of deletion mutants mapping within...
Hartzell, S W, Byrne, B J, Subramanian, K N
We have studied the temporal regulation of simian virus 40 (SV40) late gene expression by construction and transient expression analysis of plasmids containing the transposon Tn9 chloramphenicol...
Byrne, B J, Davis, M S, Yamaguchi, J, Bergsma, D J, Subramanian, K N
The simian virus 40 (SV40) origin region includes the viral replication origin and the early and late promoters and consists of a few palindromes, a 17-base-pair (bp) A + T-rich sequence, three...
Structure of a large segment of the genome of simian virus 40 that does not encode known proteins.
Dhar, R, Subramanian, K N, Pan, J, Weissman, S M
The nucleotide sequence of the region of DNA of simian virus 40 extending from 0.595 to 0.790 map unit has been derived. The sequence includes the DNA complementary to the 5' end of early mRNA and to...
Raghu, G, Tevosian, S, Anant, S, Subramanian, K N, George, D L, Mirkin, S M
The mouse c-Ki-ras protooncogene promoter contains an unusual DNA element consisting of a 27 bp-long homopurine-homopyrimidine mirror repeat (H-motif) adjacent to a d(C-G)5 repeat. We have previously...