K. Nakayama

Publication List Details

Period

1987 - 2009

Number

174

Co-Authors

On the interaction current in $p p \to p p \gamma$ (2009)

Nakayama, K., Haberzettl, H.

The nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung reaction is investigated based on a fully gauge-invariant relativistic meson-exchange model approach. In order to account consistently for the complicated part of...

On the cross section ratio sigma_n/sigma_p in eta photoproduction (2009)

Döring, M., Nakayama, K.

The recently discovered enhancement of eta photoproduction on the quasi-free neutron at energies around sqrt(s)~1.67 GeV is addressed within a SU(3) coupled channel model. The quasi-free cross...

Observation of Dirac Cone Electronic Dispersion in BaFe2As2 (2009)

Richard, P., Nakayama, K., Sato, T., Neupane, M., Bowen, J. H., ...

We performed an angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of BaFe2As2, which is the parent compound of the so-called 122 phase of the iron-pnictide high-temperature superconductors. We reveal...

Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy of Iron-Chalcogenide Superconductor Fe1.03Te0.7Se0.3 : Strong-Coupling Superconductivity and Universality of Inter-Band Scattering (2009)

Nakayama, K., Sato, T., Richard, P., Kawahara, T., Sekiba, Y., Qian, T., ...

We have performed high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of iron-chalcogenide superconductor Fe1.03Te0.7Se0.3 (Tc = 13 K) to investigate the electronic structure relevant to...

The phase and pole structure of the N*(1535) in piN-->piN and gammaN-->piN (2009)

Doring, M., Nakayama, K.

The nature of some baryonic resonances is still an unresolved issue. The case of the N*(1535) is particularly interesting in this respect due to the nearby etaN threshold and interference with the...

Fermi surface dichotomy of superconducting gap and pseudogap in underdoped pnictides (2009)

Richard, P., Nakayama, K., Kawahara, T., Sekiba, Y., Qian, T., ...

The recent discovery of high temperature superconductivity in many iron-arsenic (pnictides) materials has brought new excitement to the field of condensed matter physics. A flurry of research...

Evolution of a pairing-induced pseudogap from the superconducting gap of (Bi,Pb)2Sr2CuO6 (2009)

Nakayama, K., Sato, T., Sekiba, Y., Terashima, K., Richard, P., Takahashi, T., ...

We have performed an ultrahigh-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of slightly-overdoped (Bi,Pb)2Sr2CuO6 to elucidate the origin of pseudogap. By using a newly developed...

Combined analysis of eta and eta-prime hadro- and photo-production off nucleons (2009)

Nakayama, K., Oh, Yongseok, Haberzettl, H.

The production of $\eta$ and $\eta^\prime$ mesons in photon- and hadron-induced reactions are studied in a combined analysis based on an effective Lagrangian approach in order to learn about the...

Electronic structure of heavily electron-doped BaFe$_{1.7}$Co$_{0.3}$As$_2$ studied by angle-resolved photoemission (2008)

Sekiba, Y., Sato, T., Nakayama, K., Terashima, K., Richard, P., Bowen, J. H., ...

We have performed high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on heavily electron-doped non-superconducting (SC) BaFe$_{1.7}$Co$_{0.3}$As$_2$. We find that the two hole Fermi surface...

Fermi surface nesting induced strong pairing in iron-based superconductors (2008)

Terashima, K., Sekiba, Y., Bowen, J. H., Nakayama, K., Kawahara, T., Sato, T., ...

The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in iron pnictides raised the possibility of an unconventional superconducting mechanism in multiband materials. The observation of...

Superconducting gap symmetry of Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (2008)

Nakayama, K., Sato, T., Richard, P., Sekiba, Y., Souma, S., ...

We have performed high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on the optimally-doped Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ compound and determined the accurate momentum dependence of the...

Electronic structure of optimally doped pnictide Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$Fe$_2$As$_2$: a comprehensive ARPES investigation (2008)

Ding, H., Nakayama, K., Richard, P., Souma, S., Sato, T., Takahashi, T., ...

We have conducted a comprehensive angle-resolved photoemission study on the normal state electronic structure of the Fe-based superconductor Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$Fe$_2$As$_2$. We have identified four...

Band Structure and Fermi Surface of an Extremely Overdoped Iron-Based Superconductor KFe2As2 (2008)

Sato, T., Nakayama, K., Sekiba, Y., Richard, P., Souma, S., ...

We have performed high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on heavily overdoped KFe_2As_2 (transition temperature (Tc = 3 K). We observed several renormalized bands near the Fermi...

Observation of an Orbital Selective Electron-Mode Coupling in Fe-Based High-$T_c$ Superconductors (2008)

Richard, P., Sato, T., Nakayama, K., Souma, S., Takahashi, T., ...

We have performed an angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of the new superconductor Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ in the low energy range. We report the observation of an anomaly around...

Coexistence of competing orders with two energy gaps in real and momentum space in high-Tc superconductor Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+delta (2008)

Niestemski, F. C., Neupane, M., Richard, P., ...

The superconducting phase of the high-Tc cuprates has been thought to be described by a single d-wave pairing order parameter. Recently, there has been growing evidence suggesting that another form...

Observation of Fermi-surface-dependent nodeless superconducting gaps in Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 (2008)

Ding, H., Richard, P., Nakayama, K., Sugawara, T., Arakane, T., Sekiba, Y., ...

The recent discovery of superconductivity in iron-arsenic compounds below a transition temperature (Tc) as high as 55K ended the monopoly of copper oxides (cuprates) in the family of high-Tc...

Superconducting Gap and Pseudogap in Iron-Based Layered Superconductor La(O$_{1-x}$F$_x$)FeAs (2008)

Sato, T., Souma, S., Nakayama, K., Terashima, K., Sugawara, K., Takahashi, T., ...

We report high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy of newly-discovered iron-based layered superconductor La(O$_{0.93}$F$_{0.07}$)FeAs (Tc = 24 K). We found that the superconducting gap shows a...

Combined analysis of eta meson hadro- and photo-production off nucleons (2008)

Nakayama, K., Oh, Yongseok, Haberzettl, H.

The $\eta$-meson production in photon- and hadron-induced reactions, namely, $\gamma p \to p \eta$, $\pi^- p \to n\eta$, $pp \to pp\eta$, and $pn \to pn\eta$, are investigated in a combined analysis...

Face detection in normal and prosopagnosic individuals (2008)

Garrido, L., Duchaine, B., Nakayama, K.

Face detection, the process of finding a face in a visual scene, is a critical step in face processing, yet it has received relatively little attention compared with other face processes. The present...

Nucleon and Delta resonances in K Sigma(1385) photoproduction from nucleons (2007)

Oh, Yongseok, Ko, Che Ming, Nakayama, K.

The reaction mechanisms for $K\Sigma(1385)$ photoproduction from the reaction $\gamma p \to K^+\Sigma^{0}(1385)$ in the resonance energy region are investigated in a hadronic model. Both...

Family resemblance: ten family members with prosopagnosia and within-class object agnosia (2007)

Duchaine, B., Germine, L., Nakayama, K.

We report on neuropsychological testing done with a family in which many members report severe face recognition impairments. These ten individuals are high functioning in everyday life and performed...

No global processing deficit in the Navon task in 14 developmental prosopagnosics (2007)

Duchaine, B., Yovel, G., Nakayama, K.

Faces are represented in a more configural or holistic manner than other objects. Substantial evidence indicates that this representation results from face-specific mechanisms, but some have argued...

No global processing deficit in the Navon task in 14 developmental prosopagnosics (2007)

Duchaine, B.C., Yovel, G., Nakayama, K.

Faces are represented in a more configural or holistic manner than other objects. Substantial evidence indicates that this representation results from face-specific mechanisms, but some have argued...

On the sign of the pi-rho-omega coupling constant (2006)

Nakayama, K., Oh, Yongseok, Haidenbauer, J., Lee, T. -S. H.

It is shown that the relative sign between the $NN\omega$ and $\pi\rho\omega$ coupling constants can be determined most sensitively from $\omega$ production processes in $NN$ collisions. Recent data...

Bulk and surface low-energy excitations in YBa2Cu3O7-d studied by high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (2006)

Nakayama, K., Sato, T., Terashima, K., Matsui, H., Takahashi, T., Kubota, M., ...

We have performed high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on YBa2Cu3O7-delta (Y123; delta = 0.06; Tc = 92 K). By accurately determining the Fermi surface and energy band dispersion,...

Shadow bands in single-layered Bi_2Sr_2CuO_6 studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (2006)

Nakayama, K., Sato, T., Dobashi, T., Terashima, K., Souma, S., Matsui, H., ...

We have performed systematic angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) on single-layered cuprate superconductor Bi2Sr2CuO6 to elucidate the origin of shadow band. We found that the shadow...

Prosopagnosia as an impairment to face-specific mechanisms: elimination of the alternative hypotheses in a developmental case (2006)

Duchaine, B., Yovel, G., Butterworth, E., Nakayama, K.

For more than 35 years, researchers have debated whether face recognition is carried out by face-specific mechanisms or whether it involves more general mechanisms that are also used for objects....

Gauge-invariant approach to meson photoproduction including the final-state interaction (2006)

Haberzettl, H., Nakayama, K., Krewald, S.

A fully gauge-invariant (pseudoscalar) meson photoproduction amplitude off a nucleon including the final-state interaction is derived. The approach based on a comprehensive field-theoretical...

Photoproduction of Xi off nucleons (2006)

Nakayama, K., Oh, Yongseok, Haberzettl, H.

The photoproduction reaction $\gamma N \to K K \Xi$ is investigated based on a relativistic meson-exchange model of hadronic interactions. The production amplitude is calculated in the tree-level...

Developmental prosopagnosia: a window to content-specific face processing (2006)

Duchaine, B., Nakayama, K.

Developmental prosopagnosia is characterized by severely impaired face recognition. Individuals with this disorder, which often runs in families, have no history of brain damage and intact early...

The Cambridge Face Memory Test: results for neurologically intact individuals and an investigation of its validity using inverted face stimuli and prosopagnosic participants. (2006)

Duchaine, B., Nakayama, K.

The two standardized tests of face recognition that are widely used suffer from serious shortcomings [Duchaine, B. & Weidenfeld, A. (2003). An evaluation of two commonly used tests of unfamiliar face...

Gauge-Invariant Approach to Meson Photoproduction Including the Final-State Interaction (2005)

Haberzettl, H., Nakayama, K., Krewald, S.

A gauge-invariant formalism is presented for the practical treatment of photo- and electroproduction of pseudoscalar mesons off nucleons that allows an explicit incorporation of hadronic final-state...

Analyzing $\eta'$ Photoproduction Data on the Proton at Energies of 1.5--2.3 GeV (2005)

Nakayama, K., Haberzettl, H.

A combined analysis of the existing data on the reactions $\gamma p \to p \eta^\prime $ and $pp \to pp\eta^\prime $, based on a relativistic meson exchange model of hadronic interactions, is...

Photo-excitation of hyperons and exotic baryon in gamma N --> K Anti-K N (2005)

Oh, Yongseok, Nakayama, K., Lee, T. -S. H.

We investigate the reaction of $\gamma N \to K \bar{K} N$ focusing on the photoproduction of $\Lambda(1520)$ and putative exotic $\Theta(1540)$. We consider various background production mechanisms...

Analyzing eta' photoproduction data on the proton at energies of 1.5--2.3 GeV (2005)

Nakayama, K., Haberzettl, H.

The recent high-precision data for the reaction $\gamma p\to p\eta'$ at photon energies in the range 1.5--2.3 GeV obtained by the CLAS collaboration at the Jefferson Laboratory have been analyzed...

Dissociations of face and object recognition in developmental prosopagnosia (2005)

Duchaine, B.C., Nakayama, K.

Neuropsychological studies with patients suffering from prosopagnosia have provided the main evidence for the hypothesis that the recognition of faces and objects rely on distinct mechanisms. Yet...

Normal and abnormal face selectivity of the M170 response in developmental prosopagnosics (2005)

Harris, A., Duchaine, B., Nakayama, K.

Developmental prosopagnosia is a lifelong impairment in face recognition despite normal low-level visual processing. Here we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to examine the M170 response, a...

Pentaquark Theta^+(1540) production in gamma N --> K Anti-K N (2004)

Oh, Yongseok, Nakayama, K., Lee, T. -S. H.

The recent developments in the search of exotic pentaquark hadrons are briefly reviewed. We then focus on investigating how the exotic pentaquark $\Theta(1540)$ baryon production can be identified in...

Cooperative regulation of the cell division cycle by the protein kinases RAF and AKT (2004)

Mirza, A M, Gysin, S, Malek, N, Nakayama, K, Roberts, J M, McMahon, Martin

The RAS-activated RAF-->MEK-->extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3'-kinase)-->PDK1-->AKT signaling pathways are believed to cooperate to promote the...

Some aspects of $\Theta^+$ parity determination in the reaction $\gamma N\to \Theta^+ \bar{K}\to N K \bar{K}$ (2004)

Titov, A. I., Ejiri, H., Haberzettl, H., Nakayama, K.

We analyze the problem of how to determine the parity of the $\Theta^+$ pentaquark in the reaction $\gamma N\to K\Theta\to NK\bar{K}$, where $N=n,p$. Our model calculations indicate that the...

Remarks on the parity determination of narrow resonances (2004)

Hanhart, C., Haidenbauer, J., Nakayama, K.

Recently several proposals were put forward to determine the parity of narrow baryonic resonances, in particular the $\Theta^+$. In these proceedings we will briefly comment on the general problems...

Normal Greeble learning in a severe case of developmental prosopagnosia (2004)

Duchaine, B.C., Dingle, K., Butterworth, E., Nakayama, K.

A central question in cognitive neuroscience is whether mechanisms exist that are specialized for particular domains. One of the most commonly cited examples of a domain-specific competence is the...

On the determination of the parity of the $\Theta^+$ (2004)

Hanhart, C., Haidenbauer, J., Nakayama, K.

We critically examine the possibility of determining the parity of the $\Theta^+(1540)$ from the reactions $NN\to \Theta^+Y$ ($Y$ = $\Lambda$, $\Sigma$) recently discussed in the literature....

Spin structure of spin-1/2 baryon and spinless meson production amplitudes in photo and hadronic reactions (2004)

Nakayama, K., Love, W. G.

The most general spin structures of the spin-1/2 baryon and spinless meson production operator for both photon and nucleon induced reactions are derived from the partial-wave expansions of these...

Developmental prosopagnosia and the Benton facial recognition test (2004)

Duchaine, B.C., Nakayama, K.

The Benton Facial Recognition Test is used for clinical and research purposes, but evidence suggests that it is possible to pass the test with impaired face discrimination abilities. The authors...

Spin observables and the determination of the parity of $\Theta^+$ in photoproduction reactions (2004)

Nakayama, K., Love, W. G.

Spin observables in the photoproduction of the $\Theta^+$ are explored for the purpose of determining the parity of the $\Theta^+$. Based on reflection symmetry in the scattering plane, we show that...

Consistent analysis of the reaction $\gamma p \to p \eta^\prime$ and $pp \to pp\eta^\prime$ (2004)

Nakayama, K., Haberzettl, H.

The production of $\eta'$ mesons in the reactions $\gamma p\to p\eta'$ and $pp\to pp\eta'$ is described consistently within a relativistic meson exchange model of hadronic interactions. The...

Determination of the $\Theta^+$ parity from $\gamma n \to K^- K^+ n$ (2003)

Nakayama, K., Tsushima, K.

It is demonstrated that measurements of photon asymmetry in the $\gamma n \to K^- K^+ n$ reaction, can most likely determine the parity of the newly discovered $\Theta^+$ pentaquark. We predict that...

Experimental study of pp eta dynamics in the pp --> ppeta reaction (2003)

Moskal, P., Budzanowski, A., Czyzykiewicz, R., Grzonka, D., Janusz, M., ...

A high statistics measurement of the pp --> ppeta reaction at an excess energy of Q = 15.5 MeV has been performed at the internal beam facility COSY-11. The stochastically cooled proton beam and the...

Near-threshold $\omega$ and $\phi$ meson productions in $pp$ collisions (2003)

Tsushima, K., Nakayama, K.

Using a relativistic effective Lagrangian at the hadronic level, near-threshold $\omega$ and $\phi$ meson productions in proton proton ($pp$) collisions, $p p \to p p \omega/\phi$, are studied within...

An analysis of the reaction pp --> pp\eta near threshold (2003)

Nakayama, K., Haidenbauer, J., Hanhart, C., Speth, J.

It is shown that most of the available data on the $pp\to pp\eta$ reaction, including the invariant mass distributions in the $pp\to pp\eta$ reaction recently measured at COSY, can be understood in...

Analysis of the reaction pp to pp eta near threshold (2003)

Nakayama, K., Haidenbauer, J., Hanhart, C., Speth, J.

This version is available at the following Publisher URL: http://prc.aps.org

Normal recognition of emotion in a prosopagnosic (2003)

Duchaine, B.C., Parker, H., Nakayama, K.

In the leading model of face perception, facial identity and facial expressions of emotion are recognized by separate mechanisms. In this report, we provide evidence supporting the independence of...

Near-threshold $\omega$-meson production in proton-proton collisions: With or without resonance excitations ? (2002)

Tsushima, K., Nakayama, K.

We present results for the $p p \to p p \omega$ reaction studied by considering two different scenarios: with and without the inclusion of nucleon resonance excitations. The recently measured angular...

The attentional blink in space and time (2002)

Kritjansson, A., Nakayama, K.

We report the results of two experiments addressing spatiotemporal variations in the “attentional blink” (AB). In the first experiment, six streams of letters were presented simultaneously around...

The role of priming in conjunctive visual search (2002)

Kristjansson, A., Wang, D., Nakayama, K.

To assess the role of priming in conjunctive visual search tasks, we systematically varied the consistency of the target and distractor identity between different conditions. Search was fastest in...

Eta Meson Production in NN Collisions (2002)

Nakayama, K., Speth, J., Lee, T. -S. H.

Eta meson production in both proton-proton and proton-neutron collisions is investigated within a relativistic meson exchange model of hadronic interactions. It is found that the available cross...

The Origin of Brain Potentials Associated with Selective Visual Attention. (2002)

Nakayama,K., Mackeben,M.

This study is designed to find the origins of electrical signals generated by the brain in association with selective visual attention. A series of behavioral and electro-physiological tests on...

Less attention is more in the preparation of antisaccades, but not prosaccades (2001)

Kristjansson, A., Chen, Y., Nakayama, K.

To make a saccadic eye movement to a target we must first attend to it. It is therefore not surprising that diverting attention increases saccade latency, but is latency increased in all cases? We...

Pseudoscalar and vector meson production in NN collisions (2001)

Nakayama, K.

Heavy meson production in nucleon-nucleon collisions is discussed within a meson exchange model of hadronic interactions, paying special attention to the basic dynamics that determine the behavior of...

The reactions pn -> d omega and pn -> d phi near threshold (2001)

Nakayama, K., Haidenbauer, J., Speth, J.

This version is available at the following Publisher URL: http://prc.aps.org

Rapid, object based learning in the deployment of transient attention (2001)

Kristjansson, A., Mackeben, M., Nakayama, K.

We show that transient attention summoned by an exogenous cue shows rapid learning of the relationship between the cue and a subsequent target in a discrimination task. In experiment 1, performance...

Fossil trees in ancient fluvial channel deposits: evidence of seasonal and longer-term climatic variability (2001)

Fielding, Christopher R., Nakayama, K., Alexander, Jan

It has been established that large numbers of certain trees can survive in the beds of rivers of northeastern Australia where a strongly seasonal distribution of precipitation causes extreme...

Fossil trees in ancient fluvial channel deposits: evidence of seasonal and longer-term climatic variability (2001)

Fielding, Christopher R., Nakayama, K., Alexander, Jan

It has been established that large numbers of certain trees can survive in the beds of rivers of northeastern Australia where a strongly seasonal distribution of precipitation causes extreme...

The reactions p + n --> d + omega and p + n --> d + phi near threshold (2000)

Nakayama, K., Haidenbauer, J., Speth, J.

The reactions p+n-->d+omega and p+n-->d+phi are studied within a relativistic meson-exchange model of hadronic interactions. Predictions for the total cross sections and for the angular distributions...

eta' meson production in proton-proton collisions (1999)

Nakayama, K., Arellano, H. F., Durso, J. W., Speth, J.

The pp -> pp eta' reaction is investigated within a relativistic meson-exchange model of hadronic interactions. We explore the role of nucleonic and mesonic, as well as the N* resonance currents, in...

$\phi$-meson production in proton-proton collisions (1999)

Nakayama, K., Durso, J. W., Haidenbauer, J., Hanhart, C., Speth, J.

The production of $\phi$-mesons in proton-proton collisions is investigated within a relativistic meson-exchange model of hadronic interactions. The experimental prerequisites for extracting the...

The Semi-Regenerative Method of Simulation Output Analysis (1999)

James M. Calvin, Peter W. Glynn, Marvin K. Nakayama, K. Nakayama

We develop a class of techniques for analyzing the output of simulations of a semi-regenerative process. Called the semi-regenerative method, the approach can be used in virtually all situations in...

The Reaction $pp \to pp\phi$ and the Validity of the OZI Rule (1998)

Haidenbauer, J., Nakayama, K., Durso, J. W., Hanhart, C., Speth, J.

The reaction $pp \to pp \phi$ is investigated within a relativistic meson-exchange model of hadronic interactions. The possibility of extracting the $NN\phi$ coupling constant from a study of this...

On the treatment of $NN$ interaction effects in meson production in $NN$ collisions (1998)

Hanhart, C., Nakayama, K.

We clarify under what circumstances the nucleon--nucleon final state interaction fixes the energy dependence of the total cross--section for the reaction $NN \to NNx$ close to production threshold,...

Production of $\omega$-mesons in proton-proton collisions (1998)

Nakayama, K., Szczurek, A., Hanhart, C., Haidenbauer, J., Speth, J.

The production of $\omega$-mesons in proton-proton collisions for proton incident energies up to 2.2 GeV is investigated within a meson-exchange model of hadronic interactions. We find a large...

The influence of negative-energy states on proton-proton bremsstrahlung (1996)

De Jong, F., Nakayama, K.

We investigate the effect of negative-energy states on proton-proton bremsstrahlung using a manifestly covariant amplitude based on a T-matrix constructed in a spectator model. We show that there is...

Comparing Stories - Commentary on `Experiencing and perceiving visual surfaces,' by K. Nakayama and S. Shimojo (1995)

Visual Surfaces, K. Nakayama, S. Shimojo, Allan D. Jepson

1 Against the generic view principle The principle of generic views does not, by itself, explain the preferences for the interpretations of several stereo displays in the target article. There is a...

Proton-proton bremsstrahlung below and above pion-threshold: the influence of the $\Delta$-isobar (1994)

De Jong, F., Nakayama, K., Lee, T. -S. H.

The proton-proton bremsstrahlung is investigated within a coupled-channel model with the $\Delta$ degree of freedom. The model is consistent with the $NN$ scattering up to 1 GeV and the $\gamma...

Projected Linear Response Theory for Charge-Exchange Excitations and Double Beta Decay (1993)

Krmpotić, F., Mariano, A., Kuo, T. T. S., Nakayama, K.

The projected random phase approximation (PRPA) for charge-exchange excitations is derived from the time-dependent variational principle. Explicit results for the unperturbed energies (including the...

Proprotein Processing Activity And Cleavage Site Selectivity of The Kex2-Like Endoprotease Pace4 (1993)

Groot Kormelink, P J, Nakayama, K, Van De Ven, Willem; U0029925

Proprotein processing activity of the Kex2-like mammalian endoprotease PACE4 and its cleavage selectivity for sites with basic amino acid residues were determined. Using a recombinant vaccinia...

OFF-SHELL EFFECTS OF NUCLEON-NUCLEON POTENTIAL MODELS ON PROTON-NUCLEUS ELASTIC SCATTERING OBSERVABLES (1990)

Arellano, H., Love, W., Nakayama, K., Brieva, F.

Spin observables and cross sections are calculated for p+40Ca elastic scattering in a full-folding model using nucleon-nucleon (NN) free t-matrices based on the Paris and Bonn (OBE) potentials. The...

OFF-SHELL EFFECTS OF NUCLEON-NUCLEON POTENTIAL MODELS ON PROTON-NUCLEUS ELASTIC SCATTERING OBSERVABLES (1990)

Arellano, H., Love, W., Nakayama, K., Brieva, F.

Spin observables and cross sections are calculated for p+40Ca elastic scattering in a full-folding model using nucleon-nucleon (NN) free t-matrices based on the Paris and Bonn (OBE) potentials. The...

OFF-SHELL EFFECTS OF NUCLEON-NUCLEON POTENTIAL MODELS ON PROTON-NUCLEUS ELASTIC SCATTERING OBSERVABLES (1990)

Arellano, H., Love, W., Nakayama, K., Brieva, F.

Spin observables and cross sections are calculated for p+40Ca elastic scattering in a full-folding model using nucleon-nucleon (NN) free t-matrices based on the Paris and Bonn (OBE) potentials. The...

Binocular visual surface perception.

Nakayama, K

Binocular disparity, the differential angular separation between pairs of image points in the two eyes, is the well-recognized basis for binocular distance perception. Without denying disparity's...

Visual attention to surfaces in three-dimensional space.

He, Z J, Nakayama, K

Although attention plays a significant role in vision, its spatial deployment and spread in the third dimension is not well understood. In visual search experiments we show that we cannot easily...

Targeted disruption of Bcl-2 alpha beta in mice: occurrence of gray hair, polycystic kidney disease, and lymphocytopenia.

Nakayama, K, Nakayama, K, Negishi, I, Kuida, K, Sawa, H, Loh, D Y

Mice carrying ablated coding regions of the bcl-2 alpha and bcl-2 beta transcripts have been made. bcl-2-/- mutants are smaller but viable, although about half of them die by 6 weeks of age. As shown...

Cellular and peptide requirements for in vitro clonal deletion of immature thymocytes.

Iwabuchi, K, Nakayama, K, McCoy, R L, Wang, F, Nishimura, T, Habu, S, ...

Thymocytes from DO10 T-cell-receptor transgenic mice undergo apoptosis, or programmed cell death, when chicken ovalbumin-(323-339) peptide is administered in vivo. Using DO10 mice thymocytes, we have...

Escherichia coli RecQ protein is a DNA helicase.

Umezu, K, Nakayama, K, Nakayama, H

The Escherichia coli recQ gene, a member of the RecF recombination gene family, was set in an overexpression plasmid, and its product was purified to near-homogeneity. The purified RecQ protein...

Effects of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine, a new antiherpesvirus compound, on synthesis of macromolecules in herpes simplex virus-infected cells.

Cheng, Y C, Grill, S P, Dutschman, G E, Frank, K B, Chiou, J F, Bastow, K F, ...

We examined the effect of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (DHPG) on viral DNA, RNA, protein, and enzyme synthesis in HeLa cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2. DHPG...

Involvement of arginine-specific cysteine proteinase (Arg-gingipain) in fimbriation of Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Nakayama, K, Yoshimura, F, Kadowaki, T, Yamamoto, K

Arginine-specific cysteine proteinase (Arg-gingipain [RGP], a major proteinase secreted from the oral anaerobic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis, is encoded by two separate genes (rgpA and rgpB) on...

Rapid viability loss on exposure to air in a superoxide dismutase-deficient mutant of Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Nakayama, K

Porphyromonas gingivalis, an obligate anaerobe, exhibits a relatively high degree of aerotolerance and possesses superoxide dismutase (SOD) which is induced by exposure to air. To clarify roles for...

Nucleotide sequence of Streptococcus mutans superoxide dismutase gene and isolation of insertion mutants.

Nakayama, K

A gene (sod) encoding superoxide dismutase (SOD) was cloned from Streptococcus mutans in Escherichia coli, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The presumptive amino acid sequence of its...

A furin-defective cell line is able to process correctly the gp160 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Ohnishi, Y, Shioda, T, Nakayama, K, Iwata, S, Gotoh, B, Hamaguchi, M, ...

Furin, a subtilisin-like mammalian endoprotease, is thought to be responsible for the processing of many proprotein precursors of cellular and viral origin, including gp160 of human immunodeficiency...

Proprotein-processing endoproteases PC6 and furin both activate hemagglutinin of virulent avian influenza viruses.

Horimoto, T, Nakayama, K, Smeekens, S P, Kawaoka, Y

Among the proprotein-processing subtilisin-related endoproteases, furin has been a leading candidate for the enzyme that activates the hemagglutinin (HA) of virulent avian influenza viruses. In the...

Metabolism of T-2 toxin in Curtobacterium sp. strain 114-2.

Ueno, Y, Nakayama, K, Ishii, K, Tashiro, F, Minoda, Y, Omori, T, ...

The metabolic pathway of T-2 toxin in Curtobacterium sp. strain 114, one of the T-2 toxin-assimilating soil bacteria, was investigated by thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatographic analyses. T-2 toxin...

Mammalian subtilisin-related proteinases in cleavage activation of the paramyxovirus fusion glycoprotein: superiority of furin/PACE to PC2 or PC1/PC3.

Gotoh, B, Ohnishi, Y, Inocencio, N M, Esaki, E, Nakayama, K, Barr, P J, ...

The fusion glycoprotein precursor of Newcastle disease virus is ubiquitously cleaved in the constitutive secretory pathway if it possesses an oligobasic cleavage motif (RRQR/KR), whereas the...

Differential effect of nucleoside analog triphosphates on ribonucleotide reductases from uninfected and herpes simplex virus-infected HeLa cells.

Nakayama, K, Ruth, J L, Cheng, Y C

Effects of the triphosphates of eight pyrimidine nucleoside analogs (5-substituted, 2'-fluoroara-, and acyclonucleosides) and acycloguanosine were examined on the ribonucleotide reductases prepared...

Structural similarity of bovine lung prostaglandin F synthase to lens epsilon-crystallin of the European common frog.

Watanabe, K, Fujii, Y, Nakayama, K, Ohkubo, H, Kuramitsu, S, Kagamiyama, H, ...

Cloned cDNA sequences specific for prostaglandin F (PGF) synthase have been isolated from a cDNA library of bovine lung mRNA sequences. Nucleotide-sequence analyses of cloned cDNA inserts have...

Molecular analysis of patient and carrier genes with congenital steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency by using polymerase chain reaction and single strand conformation polymorphism.

Tajima, T, Fujieda, K, Nakayama, K, Fujii-Kuriyama, Y

Steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency is a major cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and is caused by genetic impairment of this enzyme. Since approximately 80% of cases are caused by point mutations...

DNA polymerase alpha mutants from a Drosophila melanogaster cell line.

Sugino, A, Nakayama, K

Aphidicolin, a tetracyclic diterpenoid antibiotic, is a specific inhibitor of DNA synthesis in vivo and DNA polymerase (deoxynucleosidetriphosphate:DNA deoxynucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.7) alpha...

A lymphoid cell-specific nuclear factor containing c-Rel-like proteins preferentially interacts with interleukin-6 kappa B-related motifs whose activities are repressed in lymphoid cells.

Nakayama, K, Shimizu, H, Mitomo, K, Watanabe, T, Okamoto, S, Yamamoto, K

The proto-oncoprotein c-Rel is a member of the nuclear factor kappa B transcription factor family, which includes the p50 and p65 subunits of nuclear factor kappa B. We show here that c-Rel binds to...

Identification of the 5'-flanking regulatory region responsible for the difference in transcriptional control between mouse complement C4 and Slp genes.

Nonaka, M, Kimura, H, Yeul, Y D, Yokoyama, S, Nakayama, K, Takahashi, M

To elucidate the molecular basis underlying the difference in the mode of gene expression between mouse complement C4 (constitutive) and sex-limited protein (Slp) (testosterone-regulated), we...

OCH1 encodes a novel membrane bound mannosyltransferase: outer chain elongation of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides.

Nakayama, K, Nagasu, T, Shimma, Y, Kuromitsu, J, Jigami, Y

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae och1 mutant shows a deficiency in the mannose outer chain elongation at the non-permissive temperature. We have cloned the OCH1 gene by complementation of temperature...

An F-box protein, FWD1, mediates ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of beta-catenin.

Kitagawa, M, Hatakeyama, S, Shirane, M, Matsumoto, M, Ishida, N, Hattori, K, ...

beta-catenin plays an essential role in the Wingless/Wnt signaling cascade and is a component of the cadherin cell adhesion complex. Deregulation of beta-catenin accumulation as a result of mutations...

Furin: a mammalian subtilisin/Kex2p-like endoprotease involved in processing of a wide variety of precursor proteins.

Nakayama, K

Limited endoproteolysis of inactive precursor proteins at sites marked by paired or multiple basic amino acids is a widespread process by which biologically active peptides and proteins are produced...

A change of the metal-specific activity of a cambialistic superoxide dismutase from Porphyromonas gingivalis by a double mutation of Gln-70 to Gly and Ala-142 to Gln.

Hiraoka, B Y, Yamakura, F, Sugio, S, Nakayama, K

Gln-70, which is located near the active-site metal, is conserved in aligned amino acid sequences of iron-containing superoxide dimutases (Fe-SODs) and cambialistic SOD from Porphyromonas gingivalis,...

A novel peroxiredoxin of the plant Sedum lineare is a homologue of Escherichia coli bacterioferritin co-migratory protein (Bcp).

Kong, W, Shiota, S, Shi, Y, Nakayama, H, Nakayama, K

We cloned a gene encoding a 17-kDa protein from a cDNA library of the plant Sedum lineare and found that its deduced amino acid sequence showed similarities to those of Escherichia coli...

Co-operative regulation of the transcription of human dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DD)4/aldo-keto reductase (AKR)1C4 gene by hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4alpha/gamma and HNF-1alpha.

Ozeki, T, Takahashi, Y, Kume, T, Nakayama, K, Yokoi, T, Nunoya, K, ...

Human dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DD) 4/aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C4 is a major isoform of hepatic DD that oxidizes trans-dihydrodiols of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to reactive and redox-active...

Multiple actions of pinacidil on adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes.

Fan, Z, Nakayama, K, Hiraoka, M

1. The patch-clamp method was used to study the effects of pinacidil on the adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive K+ channel current in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. 2. In the inside-out...

Binocular visual surface perception.

Nakayama, K

Binocular disparity, the differential angular separation between pairs of image points in the two eyes, is the well-recognized basis for binocular distance perception. Without denying disparity's...

Visual attention to surfaces in three-dimensional space.

He, Z J, Nakayama, K

Although attention plays a significant role in vision, its spatial deployment and spread in the third dimension is not well understood. In visual search experiments we show that we cannot easily...

Targeted disruption of Bcl-2 alpha beta in mice: occurrence of gray hair, polycystic kidney disease, and lymphocytopenia.

Nakayama, K, Nakayama, K, Negishi, I, Kuida, K, Sawa, H, Loh, D Y

Mice carrying ablated coding regions of the bcl-2 alpha and bcl-2 beta transcripts have been made. bcl-2-/- mutants are smaller but viable, although about half of them die by 6 weeks of age. As shown...

Cellular and peptide requirements for in vitro clonal deletion of immature thymocytes.

Iwabuchi, K, Nakayama, K, McCoy, R L, Wang, F, Nishimura, T, Habu, S, ...

Thymocytes from DO10 T-cell-receptor transgenic mice undergo apoptosis, or programmed cell death, when chicken ovalbumin-(323-339) peptide is administered in vivo. Using DO10 mice thymocytes, we have...

Escherichia coli RecQ protein is a DNA helicase.

Umezu, K, Nakayama, K, Nakayama, H

The Escherichia coli recQ gene, a member of the RecF recombination gene family, was set in an overexpression plasmid, and its product was purified to near-homogeneity. The purified RecQ protein...

Effects of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine, a new antiherpesvirus compound, on synthesis of macromolecules in herpes simplex virus-infected cells.

Cheng, Y C, Grill, S P, Dutschman, G E, Frank, K B, Chiou, J F, Bastow, K F, ...

We examined the effect of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (DHPG) on viral DNA, RNA, protein, and enzyme synthesis in HeLa cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2. DHPG...

Involvement of arginine-specific cysteine proteinase (Arg-gingipain) in fimbriation of Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Nakayama, K, Yoshimura, F, Kadowaki, T, Yamamoto, K

Arginine-specific cysteine proteinase (Arg-gingipain [RGP], a major proteinase secreted from the oral anaerobic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis, is encoded by two separate genes (rgpA and rgpB) on...

Rapid viability loss on exposure to air in a superoxide dismutase-deficient mutant of Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Nakayama, K

Porphyromonas gingivalis, an obligate anaerobe, exhibits a relatively high degree of aerotolerance and possesses superoxide dismutase (SOD) which is induced by exposure to air. To clarify roles for...

Nucleotide sequence of Streptococcus mutans superoxide dismutase gene and isolation of insertion mutants.

Nakayama, K

A gene (sod) encoding superoxide dismutase (SOD) was cloned from Streptococcus mutans in Escherichia coli, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The presumptive amino acid sequence of its...

A furin-defective cell line is able to process correctly the gp160 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Ohnishi, Y, Shioda, T, Nakayama, K, Iwata, S, Gotoh, B, Hamaguchi, M, ...

Furin, a subtilisin-like mammalian endoprotease, is thought to be responsible for the processing of many proprotein precursors of cellular and viral origin, including gp160 of human immunodeficiency...

Proprotein-processing endoproteases PC6 and furin both activate hemagglutinin of virulent avian influenza viruses.

Horimoto, T, Nakayama, K, Smeekens, S P, Kawaoka, Y

Among the proprotein-processing subtilisin-related endoproteases, furin has been a leading candidate for the enzyme that activates the hemagglutinin (HA) of virulent avian influenza viruses. In the...

Metabolism of T-2 toxin in Curtobacterium sp. strain 114-2.

Ueno, Y, Nakayama, K, Ishii, K, Tashiro, F, Minoda, Y, Omori, T, ...

The metabolic pathway of T-2 toxin in Curtobacterium sp. strain 114, one of the T-2 toxin-assimilating soil bacteria, was investigated by thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatographic analyses. T-2 toxin...

Mammalian subtilisin-related proteinases in cleavage activation of the paramyxovirus fusion glycoprotein: superiority of furin/PACE to PC2 or PC1/PC3.

Gotoh, B, Ohnishi, Y, Inocencio, N M, Esaki, E, Nakayama, K, Barr, P J, ...

The fusion glycoprotein precursor of Newcastle disease virus is ubiquitously cleaved in the constitutive secretory pathway if it possesses an oligobasic cleavage motif (RRQR/KR), whereas the...

Differential effect of nucleoside analog triphosphates on ribonucleotide reductases from uninfected and herpes simplex virus-infected HeLa cells.

Nakayama, K, Ruth, J L, Cheng, Y C

Effects of the triphosphates of eight pyrimidine nucleoside analogs (5-substituted, 2'-fluoroara-, and acyclonucleosides) and acycloguanosine were examined on the ribonucleotide reductases prepared...

Structural similarity of bovine lung prostaglandin F synthase to lens epsilon-crystallin of the European common frog.

Watanabe, K, Fujii, Y, Nakayama, K, Ohkubo, H, Kuramitsu, S, Kagamiyama, H, ...

Cloned cDNA sequences specific for prostaglandin F (PGF) synthase have been isolated from a cDNA library of bovine lung mRNA sequences. Nucleotide-sequence analyses of cloned cDNA inserts have...

Molecular analysis of patient and carrier genes with congenital steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency by using polymerase chain reaction and single strand conformation polymorphism.

Tajima, T, Fujieda, K, Nakayama, K, Fujii-Kuriyama, Y

Steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency is a major cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and is caused by genetic impairment of this enzyme. Since approximately 80% of cases are caused by point mutations...

DNA polymerase alpha mutants from a Drosophila melanogaster cell line.

Sugino, A, Nakayama, K

Aphidicolin, a tetracyclic diterpenoid antibiotic, is a specific inhibitor of DNA synthesis in vivo and DNA polymerase (deoxynucleosidetriphosphate:DNA deoxynucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.7) alpha...

A lymphoid cell-specific nuclear factor containing c-Rel-like proteins preferentially interacts with interleukin-6 kappa B-related motifs whose activities are repressed in lymphoid cells.

Nakayama, K, Shimizu, H, Mitomo, K, Watanabe, T, Okamoto, S, Yamamoto, K

The proto-oncoprotein c-Rel is a member of the nuclear factor kappa B transcription factor family, which includes the p50 and p65 subunits of nuclear factor kappa B. We show here that c-Rel binds to...

Identification of the 5'-flanking regulatory region responsible for the difference in transcriptional control between mouse complement C4 and Slp genes.

Nonaka, M, Kimura, H, Yeul, Y D, Yokoyama, S, Nakayama, K, Takahashi, M

To elucidate the molecular basis underlying the difference in the mode of gene expression between mouse complement C4 (constitutive) and sex-limited protein (Slp) (testosterone-regulated), we...

OCH1 encodes a novel membrane bound mannosyltransferase: outer chain elongation of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides.

Nakayama, K, Nagasu, T, Shimma, Y, Kuromitsu, J, Jigami, Y

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae och1 mutant shows a deficiency in the mannose outer chain elongation at the non-permissive temperature. We have cloned the OCH1 gene by complementation of temperature...

An F-box protein, FWD1, mediates ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of beta-catenin.

Kitagawa, M, Hatakeyama, S, Shirane, M, Matsumoto, M, Ishida, N, Hattori, K, ...

beta-catenin plays an essential role in the Wingless/Wnt signaling cascade and is a component of the cadherin cell adhesion complex. Deregulation of beta-catenin accumulation as a result of mutations...

Multiple actions of pinacidil on adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes.

Fan, Z, Nakayama, K, Hiraoka, M

1. The patch-clamp method was used to study the effects of pinacidil on the adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive K+ channel current in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. 2. In the inside-out...

Furin: a mammalian subtilisin/Kex2p-like endoprotease involved in processing of a wide variety of precursor proteins.

Nakayama, K

Limited endoproteolysis of inactive precursor proteins at sites marked by paired or multiple basic amino acids is a widespread process by which biologically active peptides and proteins are produced...

A change of the metal-specific activity of a cambialistic superoxide dismutase from Porphyromonas gingivalis by a double mutation of Gln-70 to Gly and Ala-142 to Gln.

Hiraoka, B Y, Yamakura, F, Sugio, S, Nakayama, K

Gln-70, which is located near the active-site metal, is conserved in aligned amino acid sequences of iron-containing superoxide dimutases (Fe-SODs) and cambialistic SOD from Porphyromonas gingivalis,...

A novel peroxiredoxin of the plant Sedum lineare is a homologue of Escherichia coli bacterioferritin co-migratory protein (Bcp).

Kong, W, Shiota, S, Shi, Y, Nakayama, H, Nakayama, K

We cloned a gene encoding a 17-kDa protein from a cDNA library of the plant Sedum lineare and found that its deduced amino acid sequence showed similarities to those of Escherichia coli...

Co-operative regulation of the transcription of human dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DD)4/aldo-keto reductase (AKR)1C4 gene by hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4alpha/gamma and HNF-1alpha.

Ozeki, T, Takahashi, Y, Kume, T, Nakayama, K, Yokoi, T, Nunoya, K, ...

Human dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DD) 4/aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C4 is a major isoform of hepatic DD that oxidizes trans-dihydrodiols of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to reactive and redox-active...

Effects of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor on the development and differentiation of CD5-positive macrophages and their potential derivation from a CD5-positive B-cell lineage in mice.

Takahashi, K., Miyakawa, K., Wynn, A. A., Nakayama, K., Myint, Y. Y., Naito, M., ...

In co-cultures of either the murine pre-B cell line J13, fetal liver cells, or adult peritoneal or bone marrow cells with ST2 mouse bone marrow stromal cells in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage...

Apoptosis during an early stage of nephrogenesis induces renal hypoplasia in bcl-2-deficient mice.

Nagata, M., Nakauchi, H., Nakayama, K., Nakayama, K., Loh, D., Watanabe, T.

Renal development in bcl-2-deficient mice was monitored to examine the temporal and spatial function of this gene during nephrogenesis in vivo. Extensive apoptosis occurred during abnormal...

Effects of cardiac sympathetic innervation on regional wall motion abnormality in patients with long QT syndrome

Yamanari, H, Nakayama, K, Morita, H, Miyazi, K, Fukushima, K, Matsubara, H, ...

AIM—To assess the spatial relation between regional cardiac sympathetic innervation and regional ventricular repolarisation indicated by ventricular wall motion abnormality in patients with...

Dispersion of regional wall motion abnormality in patients with long QT syndrome

Nakayama, K, Yamanari, H, Otsuka, F, Fukushima, K, Saito, H, Fujimoto, Y, ...

Objective—To examine the left ventricular regional wall motion abnormality and to evaluate dispersion of this abnormality in patients with long QT syndrome.
Design—Left ventricular short axis...

Action of nicorandil on ATP-sensitive K+ channel in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes.

Nakayama, K., Fan, Z., Marumo, F., Sawanobori, T., Hiraoka, M.

1. Patch-clamp techniques were used to study the effects of nicorandil (2-nicotinamiodethyl nitrate) on the adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive K+ channel current (IK.ATP) in guinea-pig...

Potentiation by endothelin-1 of 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced contraction in coronary artery of the pig.

Nakayama, K., Ishigai, Y., Uchida, H., Tanaka, Y.

1. In order to elucidate the physiological and potential pathological roles of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in coronary artery contraction and relaxation, we undertook the present study to examine the action...

Tuberculin responses and risk of pneumonia in immobile elderly patients

Nakayama, K., Monma, M., Fukushima, T., Ohrui, T., Sasaki, H.

BACKGROUND—Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to tuberculin is an important marker of T helper 1 (Th1) mediated acquired immunity against tuberculosis. Depressed DTH responses to...

Fermi surface nesting induced strong pairing in iron-based superconductors

Terashima, K., Sekiba, Y., Bowen, J. H., Nakayama, K., Kawahara, T., Sato, T., ...

The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in iron pnictides raised the possibility of an unconventional superconducting mechanism in multiband materials. The observation of Fermi-surface...

BRAF mutations and phosphorylation status of mitogen-activated protein kinases in the development of flat and depressed-type colorectal neoplasias

Konishi, K, Takimoto, M, Kaneko, K, Makino, R, Hirayama, Y, Nozawa, H, ...

Although some molecular differences between flat-depressed neoplasias (FDNs) and protruding neoplasias (PNs) have been reported, it is uncertain if the BRAF mutations or the status of phosphorylated...