Generating quantizing pseudomagnetic fields by bending graphene ribbons (2009)
Guinea, F., Geim, A. K., Katsnelson, M. I., Novoselov, K. S.
We analyze the mechanical deformations that are required to create uniform pseudomagnetic fields in graphene. It is shown that, if a ribbon is bent in-plane into a circular arc, this can lead to...
Making Graphene Luminescent (2009)
Gokus, T., Nair, R. R., Bonetti, A., Bohmler, M., Lombardo, A., Novoselov, K. S., ...
We show that strong photoluminescence (PL) can be induced in single-layer graphene on using an oxygen plasma treatment. PL characteristics are spatially uniform across the flakes and connected to...
Kuzmenko, A. B., Crassee, I., Blake, P., Novoselov, K. S.
We present a compelling evidence for the opening of a bandgap in exfoliated bottom-gated bilayer graphene by fitting the gate-voltage modulated infrared reflectivity spectra in a large range of...
Scaling of the quantum-Hall plateau-plateau transition in graphene (2009)
Giesbers, A. J. M., Zeitler, U., Ponomarenko, L. A., Yang, R., Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K., ...
The temperature dependence of the magneto-conductivity in graphene shows that the widths of the longitudinal conductivity peaks, for the N=1 Landau level of electrons and holes, display a power-law...
Gate tunable charged-phonon effect in bilayer graphene (2009)
Kuzmenko, A. B., Benfatto, L., Cappelluti, E., Crassee, I., Blake, P., ...
We observe a giant increase of the infrared intensity and a softening of the in-plane antisymmetric phonon mode Eu (~0.2 eV) in bilayer graphene as a function of the gate-induced doping. The phonon...
Gap opening in the zeroth Landau level of graphene (2009)
Giesbers, A. J. M., Ponomarenko, L. A., Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K., Katsnelson, M. I., Maan, J. C., ...
We have measured a strong increase of the low-temperature resistivity $\rho_{xx}$ and a zero-value plateau in the Hall conductivity $\sigma_{xy}$ at the charge neutrality point in graphene subjected...
The electronic properties of graphene (2009)
Neto, A. H. Castro, Guinea, Francisco, Peres, N. M. R., Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K.
54 pages, 38 figures.-- PACS nrs.: 81.05.Uw; 73.20.-r; 03.65.Pm; 82.45.Mp.-- ArXiv pre-print available at: http://arxiv.org/abs/0709.1163
Mohiuddin, T. M. G., Lombardo, A., Nair, R. R., Bonetti, A., Savini, G., Jalil, R., ...
Graphene is the two-dimensional building block for carbon allotropes of every other dimensionality. Since its experimental discovery, graphene continues to attract enormous interest, in particular as...
Blake, P., Yang, R., Morozov, S. V., Schedin, F., Ponomarenko, L. A., Zhukov, A. A., ...
There is an increasing amount of literature concerning electronic properties of graphene close to the neutrality point. Many experiments continue using the two-probe geometry or invasive contacts or...
Raman Spectroscopy of Graphene Edges (2008)
Casiraghi, C., Hartschuh, A., Qian, H., Piscanec, S., Georgi, C., Novoselov, K. S., ...
Graphene edges are of particular interest, since their chirality determines the electronic properties. Here we present a detailed Raman investigation of graphene flakes with well defined edges...
Control of graphene's properties by reversible hydrogenation (2008)
Elias, D. C., Nair, R. R., Mohiuddin, T. M. G., Morozov, S. V., Blake, P., Halsall, M. P., ...
Graphene - a monolayer of carbon atoms densely packed into a hexagonal lattice - has one of the strongest possible atomic bonds and can be viewed as a robust atomic-scale scaffold, to which other...
Quantum resistance metrology in graphene (2008)
Giesbers, A. J. M., Rietveld, G., Houtzager, E., Zeitler, U., Yang, R., Novoselov, K. S., ...
We have performed a metrological characterization of the quantum Hall resistance in a 1 $\mu$m wide graphene Hall-bar. The longitudinal resistivity in the center of the $\nu=\pm 2$ quantum Hall...
Infrared spectroscopy of electronic bands in bilayer graphene (2008)
Kuzmenko, A. B., Van Heumen, E., Lerch, P., Blake, P., Novoselov, K. S., ...
We present infrared spectra (0.1-1 eV) of electrostatically gated bilayer graphene as a function of doping and compare it with tight binding calculations. All major spectral features corresponding to...
Effect of high-k environment on charge carrier mobility in graphene (2008)
Mohiuddin, T. M., Ponomarenko, L. A., Yang, R., Morozov, S. M., Zhukov, A. A., Schedin, F., ...
It is widely assumed that the dominant source of scattering in graphene is charged impurities in a substrate. We have tested this conjecture by studying graphene placed on various substrates and in...
Electronic properties of a biased graphene bilayer (2008)
Castro, Eduardo V., Novoselov, K. S., Morozov, S. V., Peres, N. M. R., Nilsson, Johan, ...
We study, within the tight-binding approximation, the electronic properties of a graphene bilayer in the presence of an external electric field applied perpendicular to the system -- \emph{biased...
Nanolithography and manipulation of graphene using an atomic force microscope (2008)
Giesbers, A. J. M., Zeitler, U., Neubeck, S., Freitag, F., Novoselov, K. S., Maan, J. C.
We use an atomic force microscope (AFM) to manipulate graphene films on a nanoscopic length scale. By means of local anodic oxidation with an AFM we are able to structure isolating trenches into...
Macroscopic graphene membranes and their extraordinary stiffness (2008)
Booth, T. J., Blake, P., Nair, R. R., Jiang, D., Hill, E. W., Bangert, U., ...
The properties of suspended graphene are currently attracting enormous interest, but the small size of available samples and the difficulties in making them severely restrict the number of...
Monitoring dopants by Raman scattering in an electrochemically top-gated graphene transistor (2008)
Das, Anindya, Pisana, S, Chakraborty, B, Piscanec, S, Saha, S. K., Waghmare, U. V., ...
The recent discovery of graphene(1-3) has led to many advances in two-dimensional physics and devices(4,5). The graphene devices fabricated so far have relied on SiO2 back gating(1-3)....
Universal Dynamic Conductivity and Quantized Visible Opacity of Suspended Graphene (2008)
Nair, R. R., Blake, P., Grigorenko, A. N., Novoselov, K. S., Booth, T. J., Stauber, T., ...
We show that the optical transparency of suspended graphene is defined by the fine structure constant, alpha, the parameter that describes coupling between light and relativistic electrons and is...
Graphene-Based Liquid Crystal Device (2008)
Blake, P., Brimicombe, P. D., Nair, R. R., Booth, T. J., Jiang, D., Schedin, F., ...
Graphene is only one atom thick, optically transparent, chemically inert and an excellent conductor. These properties seem to make this material an excellent candidate for applications in various...
Chaotic Dirac billiard in graphene quantum dots (2007)
Ponomarenko, L. A., Schedin, F., Katsnelson, M. I., Yang, R., Hill, E. H., Novoselov, K. S., ...
We report on transport characteristics of quantum dot devices etched entirely in graphene. At large sizes, they behave as conventional single-electron transistors, exhibiting periodic Coulomb...
Giant Intrinsic Carrier Mobilities in Graphene and Its Bilayer (2007)
Morozov, S. V., Novoselov, K. S., Katsnelson, M. I., Schedin, F., Elias, D. C., Jaszczak, J. A., ...
We have studied temperature dependences of electron transport in graphene and its bilayer and found extremely low electron-phonon scattering rates that set the fundamental limit on possible charge...
Raman Fingerprint of Charged Impurities in Graphene (2007)
Casiraghi, C., Pisana, S., Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K., Ferrari, A. C.
We report strong variations in the Raman spectra for different single-layer graphene samples obtained by micromechanical cleavage, which reveals the presence of excess charges, even in the absence of...
The electronic properties of graphene (2007)
Neto, A. H. Castro, Guinea, F., Peres, N. M. R., Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K.
This article reviews the basic theoretical aspects of graphene, a one atom thick allotrope of carbon, with unusual two-dimensional Dirac-like electronic excitations. The Dirac electrons can be...
Rayleigh Imaging of Graphene and Graphene Layers (2007)
Casiraghi, C., Hartschuh, A., Lidorikis, E., Qian, H., Harutyunyan, H., Gokus, T., ...
We investigate graphene and graphene layers on different substrates by monochromatic and white-light confocal Rayleigh scattering microscopy. The image contrast depends sensitively on the dielectric...
Making graphene visible (2007)
Blake, P., Novoselov, K. S., Neto, A. H. Castro, Jiang, D., Yang, R., Booth, T. J., ...
Microfabrication of graphene devices used in many experimental studies currently relies on the fact that graphene crystallites can be visualized using optical microscopy if prepared on top of silicon...
Cyclotron Resonance study of the electron and hole velocity in graphene monolayers (2007)
Deacon, R. S., Chuang, K-C., Nicholas, R. J., Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K.
We report studies of cyclotron resonance in monolayer graphene. Cyclotron resonance is detected using the photoconductive response of the sample for several different Landau level occupancies. The...
Molecular Doping of Graphene (2007)
Wehling, T. O., Novoselov, K. S., Morozov, S. V., Vdovin, E. E., Katsnelson, M. I., Geim, A. K., ...
Graphene, a one-atom thick zero gap semiconductor [1, 2], has been attracting an increasing interest due to its remarkable physical properties ranging from an electron spectrum resembling...
Graphene: new bridge between condensed matter physics and quantum electrodynamics (2007)
Katsnelson, M. I., Novoselov, K. S.
Graphene is the first example of truly two-dimensional crystals - it's just one layer of carbon atoms. It turns out to be a gapless semiconductor with unique electronic properties resulting from the...
On the roughness of single- and bi-layer graphene membranes (2007)
Meyer, J. C., Geim, A. K., Katsnelson, M. I., Novoselov, K. S., Obergfell, D., Roth, S., ...
We present a detailed transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction study of the thinnest possible membrane, a single layer of carbon atoms suspended in vacuum and attached only at its...
Graphene is a rapidly rising star on the horizon of materials science and condensed matter physics. This strictly two-dimensional material exhibits exceptionally high crystal and electronic quality...
Room-Temperature Quantum Hall Effect in Graphene (2007)
Novoselov, K. S., Jiang, Z., Zhang, Y., Morozov, S. V., Stormer, H. L., Zeitler, U., ...
The quantum Hall effect (QHE), one example of a quantum phenomenon that occur on a truly macroscopic scale, has been attracting intense interest since its discovery in 1980 and has helped elucidate...
Raman spectrum of graphene and graphene layers. (2007)
Ferrari, A. C., Meyer, J. C., Scardaci, V., Casiraghi, C., Lazzeri, Michele, Mauri, Francesco, ...
Graphene is the two-dimensional (2d) building block for carbon allotropes of every other dimensionality. It can be stacked into 3d graphite, rolled into 1d nanotubes, or wrapped into 0d fullerenes....
The structure of suspended graphene sheets (2007)
Meyer, Jannik C., Geim, A. K., Katsnelson, M. I., Novoselov, K. S., Booth, T. J., Roth, S.
The recent discovery of graphene has sparked significant interest, which has so far been focused on the peculiar electronic structure of this material, in which charge carriers mimic massless...
Room temperature tunneling anisotropic and collinear magnetoresistance (2006)
Grigorenko, A. N., Novoselov, K. S., Mapps, D. J.
We report a room temperature tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance in Co/Al2O3/NiFe junctions containing magnetic electrodes oxidized prior to forming the Al2O3 layer. A significant change in a...
Biased bilayer graphene: semiconductor with a gap tunable by electric field effect (2006)
Castro, Eduardo V., Novoselov, K. S., Morozov, S. V., Peres, N. M. R., Nilsson, Johan, ...
We demonstrate that the electronic gap of a graphene bilayer can be controlled externally by applying a gate bias. From the magneto-transport data (Shubnikov-de Haas measurements of the cyclotron...
Detection of Individual Gas Molecules Absorbed on Graphene (2006)
Schedin, F., Geim, A. K., Morozov, S. V., Jiang, D., Hill, E. H., Blake, P., ...
The ultimate aspiration of any detection method is to achieve such a level of sensitivity that individual quanta of a measured value can be resolved. In the case of chemical sensors, the quantum is...
The Raman Fingerprint of Graphene (2006)
Ferrari, A. C., Meyer, J. C., Scardaci, V., Casiraghi, C., Lazzeri, Michele, Mauri, Francesco, ...
Graphene is the two-dimensional (2d) building block for carbon allotropes of every other dimensionality. It can be stacked into 3d graphite, rolled into 1d nanotubes, or wrapped into 0d fullerenes....
Chiral tunneling and the Klein paradox in graphene (2006)
Katsnelson, M. I., Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K.
The so-called Klein paradox - unimpeded penetration of relativistic particles through high and wide potential barriers - is one of the most exotic and counterintuitive consequences of quantum...
Strong suppression of weak (anti)localization in graphene (2006)
Morozov, S. V., Novoselov, K. S., Katsnelson, M. I., Schedin, F., Ponomarenko, L. A., Jiang, D., ...
Low-field magnetoresistance is ubiquitous in low-dimensional metallic systems with high resistivity and well understood as arising due to quantum interference on self-intersecting diffusive...
Unconventional quantum Hall effect and Berry's phase 2? in bilayer graphene. (2006)
McCann, Edward, Falko, V. I., Morozov , S. Z., Novoselov , K. S.
There are two known distinct types of the integer quantum Hall effect. One is the conventional quantum Hall effect, characteristic of two-dimensional semiconductor systems1, 2, and the other is its...
Unconventional quantum Hall effect and Berry's phase of 2pi in bilayer graphene (2006)
Novoselov, K. S., McCann, E., Morozov, S. V., Falko, V. I., Katsnelson, M. I., Zeitler, U., ...
There are known two distinct types of the integer quantum Hall effect. One is the conventional quantum Hall effect, characteristic of two-dimensional semiconductor systems, and the other is its...
Raman spectrum of graphene and graphene layers (2006)
Ferrari, A. C., Meyer, J. C., Scardaci, V., Casiraghi, C., Lazzeri, M., Mauri, F., ...
Graphene is the two-dimensional building block for carbon allotropes of every other dimensionality. We show that its electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that clearly evolves with...
Two-Dimensional Gas of Massless Dirac Fermions in Graphene (2005)
Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K., Morozov, S. V., Jiang, D., Katsnelson, M. I., Grigorieva, I. V., ...
Electronic properties of materials are commonly described by quasiparticles that behave as non-relativistic electrons with a finite mass and obey the Schroedinger equation. Here we report a condensed...
Two Dimensional Electron and Hole Gases at the Surface of Graphite (2005)
Morozov, S. V., Novoselov, K. S., Jiang, D., Firsov, A. A., Dubonos, S. V., Geim, A. K.
We report high-quality two-dimensional (2D) electron and hole gases induced at the surface of graphite by the electric field effect. The 2D carriers reside within a few near-surface atomic layers and...
Two Dimensional Atomic Crystals (2005)
Novoselov, K. S., Jiang, D., Booth, T., Khotkevich, V. V., Morozov, S. M., Geim, A. K.
We report free-standing atomic crystals that are strictly 2D and can be viewed as individual atomic planes pulled out of bulk crystals or as unrolled single-wall nanotubes. By using micromechanical...
Room-temperature electric field effect and carrier-type inversion in graphene films (2004)
Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K., Morozov, S. V., Dubonos, S. V., Zhang, Y., Jiang, D.
The ability to control electronic properties of a material by externally applied voltage is at the heart of modern electronics. In many cases, it is the so-called electric field effect that allows...
Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films (2004)
Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K., Morozov, S. V., Jiang, D., Zhang, Y., Dubonos, S. V., ...
We report a naturally-occurring two-dimensional material (graphene that can be viewed as a gigantic flat fullerene molecule, describe its electronic properties and demonstrate all-metallic...
Long-range nonlocal flow of vortices in narrow superconducting channels (2004)
Grigorieva, I. V., Geim, A. K., Dubonos, S. V., Novoselov, K. S., Vodolazov, D. Y., Peeters, F. M., ...
We report a new nonlocal effect in vortex matter, where an electric current confined to a small region of a long and sufficiently narrow superconducting wire causes vortex flow at distances hundreds...
Subatomic movements of a domain wall in the Peierls potential (2003)
Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K., Dubonos, S. V., Hill, E. W., Grigorieva, I. V.
Movements of individual domain walls in a ferromagnetic garnet were studied with angstrom resolution. The measurements reveal that domain walls can be locked between adjacent crystallographic planes...
Resonant Tunneling Through GaAs Quantum Well with Embedded InAs Quantum Dots (2002)
Vdovin, E. E., Khanin, Y. N., Novoselov, K. S., Ivanov, D. Y., Dubrovskii, Y. V.
This article investigated the electron resonant tunneling through the GaAs quantum wells with embedded InAs quantum dots. It was found that the localised perturbation generated by the inAs quantum...
Non-Quantized Penetration of Magnetic Field in the Vortex State of Superconductors (2000)
Geim, A. K., Dubonos, S. V., Grigorieva, I. V., Novoselov, K. S., Peeters, F. M., Schweigert, V. A.
As first pointed out by Bardeen and Ginzburg in the early sixties, the amount of magnetic flux carried by vortices depends on their distance to the sample edge and can be smaller than one flux...
Nonlinear electron transport in normally pinched-off quantum wire (2000)
Novoselov, K. S., Dubrovskii, Yu. V., Sablikov, V. A., Ivanov, D. Yu., Vdovin, E. E., Khanin, Yu. N., ...
Nonlinear electron transport in normally pinched-off quantum wires was studied. The wires were fabricated from AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures with high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas by electron...
Two-dimensional atomic crystals
Novoselov, K. S., Jiang, D., Schedin, F., Booth, T. J., Khotkevich, V. V., Morozov, S. V., ...
We report free-standing atomic crystals that are strictly 2D and can be viewed as individual atomic planes pulled out of bulk crystals or as unrolled single-wall nanotubes. By using micromechanical...
Two-dimensional atomic crystals
Novoselov, K. S., Jiang, D., Schedin, F., Booth, T. J., Khotkevich, V. V., Morozov, S. V., ...
We report free-standing atomic crystals that are strictly 2D and can be viewed as individual atomic planes pulled out of bulk crystals or as unrolled single-wall nanotubes. By using micromechanical...