L. L. Miller

Publication List Details

Period

1869 - 2009

Number

66

Co-Authors

Optically induced softening of the charge-transfer gap in Sr2CuO2Cl2 (2009)

Dodge, J. S., Schumacher, A. B., Miller, L. L., Chemla, D. S.

Energy- and time-resolved spectroscopy reveals a photoinduced softening of the charge-transfer gap in the insulating copper oxide Sr2CuO2Cl2 that indicates rapid and efficient photoproduction of...

be an important problem. Organizations typically have (2008)

L. L. Miller, Xin Yu, Sree Nilakanta

The number of data sources that an organization has to deal with continues to be nontrivial. Integrating this data is a growing problem. A great deal of research has been done to solve the general...

An Infrastructure for Supporting Spatial Data Integration * (2008)

L. L. Miller, Sarah Nusser

The amount of digital data is growing at a rapid rate. In addition to the increase in volume, the number of sites making information available is also increasing. Spatial data is a growing part of...

be an important problem. Organizations typically have (2008)

L. L. Miller, Xin Yu, Sree Nilakanta

The number of data sources that an organization has to deal with continues to be nontrivial. Integrating this data is a growing problem. A great deal of research has been done to solve the general...

Transaction management in a mobile data access system (2008)

K. Segun, A. R. Hurson, V. Desai, A. Spink, L. L. Miller

Advances in wireless networking technology and portable computing devices have led to the emergence of the mobile computing paradigm. As a result, the traditional notion of timely and reliable access...

Angle-resolved photoemission studies of lattice polaron formation in the cuprate Ca2CuO2Cl2 (2007)

Shen, K. M., Ronning, F., Meevasana, W., Lu, D. H., Ingle, N. J. C., Baumberger, F., ...

To elucidate the nature of the single-particle excitations in the undoped parent cuprates, we have performed a detailed study of Ca2CuO2Cl2 using photoemission spectroscopy. The photoemission...

Field dependence of the magnetic spectrum in anisotropic and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya antiferromagnets: II. Raman spectroscopy (2006)

Benfatto, L., Neto, M. B. Silva, Gozar, A., Dennis, B. S., Blumberg, G., Miller, L. L., ...

We compare the theoretical predictions of the previous article [L. Benfatto and M. B. Silva Neto, cond-mat/0602419], with Raman spectroscopy experiments in Sr(2)CuO(2)Cl(2) and untwinned La(2)CuO(4)...

Anomalous high energy dispersion in photoemission spectra from insulating cuprates (2006)

Ronning, F., Shen, K. M., Armitage, N. P., Damascelli, A., Lu, D. H., ...

Angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopic measurements have been performed on an insulating cuprate Ca_2CuO_2Cl_2. High resolution data taken along the \Gamma to (pi,pi) cut show an additional...

Missing Quasiparticles and the Chemical Potential Puzzle in the Doping Evolution of the Cuprate Superconductors (2004)

Shen, K. M., Ronning, F., Lu, D. H., Lee, W. S., Ingle, N. J. C., Meevasana, W., ...

The evolution of Ca$_{2-x}$Na$_{x}$CuO$_{2}$Cl$_{2}$ from Mott insulator to superconductor was studied using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. By measuring both the excitations near the...

Evolution of a Metal to Insulator Transition in Ca$_{2-x}$Na$_{x}$CuO$_{2}$Cl$_{2}$, as seen by ARPES (2003)

Ronning, F., Sasagawa, T., Kohsaka, Y., Shen, K. M., Damascelli, A., Kim, C., ...

We present angle resolved photoemission (ARPES) data on Na-doped Ca$_2$CuO$_2$Cl$_2$. We demonstrate that the chemical potential shifts upon doping the system across the insulator to metal...

Universality of the Electronic Structure from a Half Filled CuO_2 Plane (2002)

Ronning, F., Kim, C., Shen, K. M., Armitage, N. P., Damascelli, A., Lu, D. H., ...

We present angle resolved photoemission (ARPES) data from insulating A_2CuO_2X_2 (A=Sr, Ca; X=Cl, Br), Sr_2Cu_3O_4Cl_2, and Bi_2Sr_2MCu_2O_8 (M=Er, Dy) single crystals which illustrate that the low...

Organic Electrochemistry in Aluminum Chloride Melts. (2002)

Osteryoung,R. A., Miller,L. L.

Organic electrochemistry and chemical studies have been carried out in molten sodium tetrachloroaluminate at 175 C and in an ethylpyridinium bromide-aluminum chloride melt, with benzene as a...

Octahydroanthracene as a Bridging Unit for Juxtaposed Aromatic Rings, (2002)

Christopfel,W. C., Miller,L. L.

The syntheses of two bis-dithioketal derivatives of 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1(2H),8(7H)-anthracenedione are described. The X-ray structure of the compound from 1,2-dimercaptobenzene is reported.

The Military Exercise, A Bibliography of Periodical Articles. (2002)

Miller, L. L.

This bibliography lists military exercises of the US Army and US Marine Corps with empahasis on ground maneuver activities since 1945. Entries are arranged by acronym/codeword. Selection is from the...

Core-hole screening response in two-dimensional cuprates: A high-resolution x-ray photoemission study (2002)

Koitzsch, A., Fink, J., Golden, M. S., Karlsson, K., Jepsen, O., Gunnarsson, O., ...

We have studied the core level photoemission spectra of the two-dimensional cuprates Sr2CuO2Cl2, Sr2CuO2Br2, Ca2CuO2Cl2, Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta, and Nd2CuO4, with particular focus on the screening...

A phase I study of sequential irinotecan and 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (2002)

Goldberg, R. M., Kaufmann, S. H., Atherton, P., Sloan, J. A., Adjei, A. A., Pitot, H. C., ...

Background: Irinotecan (CPT-11) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin are active agents in colorectal cancer. A sequence-dependent synergism of SN-38 followed by 5-FU/leucovorin in vitro led us to...

Parity forbidden excitations of Sr2CuO2Cl2 revealed by optical third-harmonic spectroscopy (2001)

Schumacher, A. B., Dodge, J. S., Carnahan, M. A., Kaindl, R. A., Chemla, D. S., Miller, L. L.

We present the first study of nonlinear optical third harmonic generation in the strongly correlated charge-transfer insulator Sr2CuO2Cl2. For fundamental excitation in the near-infrared, the THG...

Evidence of phonon mediated coupling between charge transfer and ligand field excitons in Sr$_2$CuO$_2$Cl$_2$ (2001)

Lövenich, R., Schumacher, A. B., Dodge, J. S., Chemla, D. S., Miller, L. L.

We present a comparative experimental and theoretical investigation of the two--dimensional charge-transfer gap in the strongly correlated material Sr$_2$CuO$_2$Cl$_2$. We observe an Urbach behaviour...

Electronic Structure of Mott Insulators Studied by Inelastic X-ray Scattering (2001)

Hasan, M. Z., Isaacs, E. D., Shen, Z-X., Miller, L. L., Tsutsui, K., Tohyama, T., ...

The electronic structure of Mott insulators continues to be a major unsolved problem in physics despite more than half-century of intense research efforts. Well-developed momentum-resolved...

Momentum-Resolved Inelastic X-ray Scattering as a Novel Tool to Study Charge Gap in Complex Insulators (2001)

Hasan, M. Z., Isaacs, E. D., Shen, Z-X., Miller, L. L.

We report particle-hole pair excitations in a cuprate insulator in the intermediate regimes of momentum-transfers using high energy inelastic x-ray scattering. The excitation spectra show dispersive...

A phase II study of irinotecan with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in patients with previously untreated gastric adenocarcinoma (2001)

Blanke, C. D., Haller, D. G., Benson, A. B., Rothenberg, M. L., Berlin, J., Mori, M., ...

Background A phase II study testing the safety and efficacy of innotecan (CPT-11), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and leucovorin (LCV) was conducted in patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinomas...

Phase I dose-finding and pharmacokinetic trial of irinotecan (CPT-11) administered every two weeks (2001)

Rothenberg, M. L., Kuhn, J. G., Schaaf, L. J., Rodriguez, G.I., Eckhardt, S. G., Villalona-Calero, M. A., ...

Objectives This trial was performed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), and pharmacokinetic profile of irinotecan (CPT-11) when administered on a...

n(k) Structure and Matrix Elements in Photoemission: Results from Insulating Ca_2CuO_2Cl_2 (2000)

Ronning, F., Kim, C., Shen, K. M., Armitage, N. P., Damascelli, A., Lu, D. H., ...

The photon energy dependence of angle-resolved photoemission data on Ca_2CuO_2Cl_2 is presented, and the role of the matrix element is investigated. It is shown that despite strong variations in the...

No well-defined remnant Fermi surface in Sr2CuO2Cl2 (2000)

Haffner, S., Brammeier, D. M., Olson, C. G., Miller, L. L., Lynch, D. W.

In angle-resolved photoelectron spectra of the antiferromagnetic insulators Ca2CuO2Cl2 and Sr2CuO2Cl2 a sharp drop of the spectral intensity of the lowest-lying band is observed along a line in k...

Magnetic Susceptibilities of Spin-1/2 Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg Ladders and Applications to Ladder Oxide Compounds (2000)

Johnston, D. C., Troyer, M., Miyahara, S., Lidsky, D., Ueda, K., Azuma, M., ...

A comprehensive theoretical and experimental study is presented of the magnetic susceptibility versus temperature \chi(T) of spin S = 1/2 two- and three-leg Heisenberg ladders and ladder oxide...

Selection Rules for Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering from Tetragonal Copper-Oxides (1999)

Abbamonte, P., Burns, C. A., Isaacs, E. D., Platzman, P. M., Miller, L. L., Klein, M. V.

We demonstrate the utility of point group representation theory for symmetry analysis in resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. From its polarization-dependence, we show that a 5 eV inelastic feature...

Spin Liquid State around a Doped Hole in Insulating Cuprates (1999)

Tohyama, T., Shibata, Y., Maekawa, S., Nagaosa, N., Miller, L. L.

The numerically exact diagonalization study on small clusters of the t-J model with the second- and third- neighbor hopping terms shows that a novel spin liquid state is realized around a doped hole...

Photoemission Evidence for a Remnant Fermi Surface and d-Wave-Like Dispersion in Insulating Ca2CuO2Cl2 (1999)

Ronning, F., Kim, C., Feng, D. L., Marshall, D. S., Loeser, A. G., Miller, L. L., ...

An angle resolved photoemission study on Ca2CuO2Cl2, a parent compound of high Tc superconductors is reported. Analysis of the electron occupation probability, n(k) from the spectra shows a steep...

Synthesis, Characterization and Magnetic Susceptibility of the Heavy Fermion Transition Metal Oxide LiV_{2}O_{4} (1998)

Kondo, S., Johnston, D. C., Miller, L. L.

The preparative method, characterization and magnetic susceptibility \chi measurements versus temperature T of the heavy fermion transition metal oxide LiV_{2}O_{4} are reported in detail. The...

Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering from Valence Excitations in Insulating Copper-Oxides (1998)

Abbamonte, P., Burns, C. A., Isaacs, E. D., Platzman, P. M., Miller, L. L., Cheong, S. W., ...

We report resonant inelastic x-ray measurements of insulating La$_2$CuO$_4$ and Sr$_2$CuO$_2$Cl$_2$ taken with the incident energy tuned near the Cu K absorption edge. We show that the spectra are...

Warehousing Structured and Unstructured Data for Data Mining (1997)

Les Miller, L. L. Miller, Vasant Honavar, Tom Barta

More data, especially unstructured data, is available to users than ever. There is so much data available that it is difficult for users to make use of their data in its raw form. To handle the...

Momentum-Dependent Charge Transfer Excitations in Sr2CuO2Cl2 - Angle Resolved Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (1996)

Wang, Y. Y., Zhang, F. C., Dravid, V. P., Ng, K. K., Klein, M. V., Schnatterly, S. E., ...

Electron-hole pair excitations in the insulating cuprates $Sr_2CuO_2Cl_2$ were investigated by angle-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy. The optically allowed and optically forbidden...

Resonant Two-Magnon Raman Scattering in Cuprate Antiferromagnetic Insulators (1995)

Blumberg, G., Abbamonte, P., Klein, M. V., Miller, L. L., Lee, W. C., Ginsberg, D. M.

We present results of low-temperature two-magnon resonance Raman excitation profile measurements for single layer Sr_2CuO_2Cl_2 and bilayer YBa_2Cu_3O_{6 + \delta} antiferromagnets over the...

Nachweis der Dispersion des Valenzbandes in Sr§2CuO§2Cl§2. (1995)

Schmidt, M., Benning, P.J., Olsen, C.G., Lynch, D.W., Miller, L.L.

150 Jahre Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft : 59.Physikertagung gemeinsam mit der Frühjahrstagung DPG des Arbeitskreises Festkörperphysik, Berlin, 20.-24.März 1995

Topological Approach for Testing Equivalence in Heterogenous Relational Databases (1990)

Baik, K. H., Miller, L. L.

The concept of equivalence of heterogeneous relational database schemes is discussed. The use of a topological space defined over the attribute set is shown as a useful intermediate step in the...

Query Translation Based on Hypergraph Models (1988)

Owrang O., M. M., Miller, L. L.

The hypergraph database model is used as the translation model between two relational database designs. Algorithms necessary to do the translation are presented.

Iron-independent induction of ferritin H chain by tumor necrosis factor.

Miller, L L, Miller, S C, Torti, S V, Tsuji, Y, Torti, F M

Iron increases the synthesis of the iron-storage protein, ferritin, largely by promoting translation of preexisting mRNAs for both the H and L ferritin isoforms (H, heavy, heart, acidic; L, light,...

Insulin effects on apolipoprotein B production by normal, diabetic and treated-diabetic rat liver and cultured rat hepatocytes.

Sparks, J D, Sparks, C E, Miller, L L

1. The effect of insulin on apolipoprotein (apo B) secretion was studied in 24 h recirculating liver perfusions of isolated normal, diabetic and insulin-treated diabetic rats. In single perfusions...

Iron-independent induction of ferritin H chain by tumor necrosis factor.

Miller, L L, Miller, S C, Torti, S V, Tsuji, Y, Torti, F M

Iron increases the synthesis of the iron-storage protein, ferritin, largely by promoting translation of preexisting mRNAs for both the H and L ferritin isoforms (H, heavy, heart, acidic; L, light,...

Insulin effects on apolipoprotein B production by normal, diabetic and treated-diabetic rat liver and cultured rat hepatocytes.

Sparks, J D, Sparks, C E, Miller, L L

1. The effect of insulin on apolipoprotein (apo B) secretion was studied in 24 h recirculating liver perfusions of isolated normal, diabetic and insulin-treated diabetic rats. In single perfusions...

Prominence of coronary arterial wall lipids in human heart allografts. Implications for pathogenesis of allograft arteriopathy.

McManus, B. M., Horley, K. J., Wilson, J. E., Malcom, G. T., Kendall, T. J., Miles, R. R., ...

Transplant arteriopathy is a major late complication in human heart allograft recipients and the pathogenesis of such arteriopathy remains uncertain. The degree to which lipids and atheromata are...

Infrequency of cytomegalovirus genome in coronary arteriopathy of human heart allografts.

Gulizia, J. M., Kandolf, R., Kendall, T. J., Thieszen, S. L., Wilson, J. E., Radio, S. J., ...

In heart transplantation, long-term engraftment success is severely limited by the rapid development of obliterative disease of the coronary arteries. Data from various groups have been suggestive of...

CASEIN DIGESTS PARENTERALLY UTILIZED TO FORM BLOOD PLASMA PROTEIN

Madden, S. C., Zeldis, L. J., Hengerer, A. D., Miller, L. L., Rowe, A. P., Turner, A. P., ...

When blood plasma proteins are depleted by bleeding with return of the washed red cells (plasmapheresis) it is possible to bring dogs to a steady state of hypoproteinemia and a uniform plasma protein...

LIVER INJURY, LIVER PROTECTION, AND SULFUR METABOLISM : METHIONINE PROTECTS AGAINST CHLOROFORM LIVER INJURY EVEN WHEN GIVEN AFTER ANESTHESIA

Miller, L. L., Whipple, G. H.

Protein-depleted dogs are very susceptible to injurious agents—in particular, chloroform. Methionine given shortly before chloroform anesthesia will give complete protection against chloroform....

TEN AMINO ACIDS ESSENTIAL FOR PLASMA PROTEIN PRODUCTION EFFECTIVE ORALLY OR INTRAVENOUSLY

Madden, S. C., Carter, J. R., Kattus, A. A., Miller, L. L., Whipple, G. H.

When blood plasma proteins are depleted by bleeding with return of the washed red cells (plasmapheresis) it is possible to bring dogs to a steady state of hypoproteinemia and a constant level of...

HEMOGLOBIN AND PLASMA PROTEIN : SIMULTANEOUS PRODUCTION DURING CONTINUED BLEEDING AS INFLUENCED BY AMINO ACIDS, PLASMA, HEMOGLOBIN, AND DIGESTS OF SERUM, HEMOGLOBIN, AND CASEIN

Robscheit-Robbins, F. S., Miller, L. L., Whipple, G. H.

Given healthy dogs, fed abundant iron and protein-free or low protein diets, with sustained anemia due to bleeding, we can study the capacity of these animals to produce simultaneously new hemoglobin...

PERITONEAL ABSORPTION : RED CELLS LABELED BY RADIO-IRON HEMOGLOBIN MOVE PROMPTLY FROM PERITONEAL CAVITY INTO THE CIRCULATION

Hahn, P. F., Miller, L. L., Robscheit-Robbins, F. S., Bale, W. F., Whipple, G. H.

The absorption of red cells from the normal peritoneum of the dog can be demonstrated by means of red cells labeled with radio-iron incorporated in the hemoglobin of these red cells. Absorption in...

GELATIN—ITS USEFULNESS AND TOXICITY : BLOOD PROTEIN PRODUCTION IMPAIRED BY CONTINUED GELATIN BY VEIN

Robscheit-Robbins, F. S., Miller, L. L., Whipple, G. H.

Gelatin given by vein to doubly depleted dogs (anemic and hypoproteinemic) gives no immediate toxic response, no anaphylactoid reactions, and may contribute something to the building of new...

HEMOGLOBIN AND PLASMA PROTEIN : THEIR RELATION TO INTERNAL BODY PROTEIN METABOLISM

Miller, L. L., Robscheit-Robbins, F. S., Whipple, G. H.

Hemoglobin (presumably its essential protein globin), given intraperitoneally to a protein-fasting dog, will be used effectively to supply the protein requirements of the body. Nitrogen balance may...

PLASMA PROTEIN PRODUCTION AS INFLUENCED BY PARENTERAL PROTEIN DIGESTS, VERY HIGH PROTEIN FEEDING, AND RED BLOOD CELL CATABOLISM

Madden, S. C., Kattus, A. A., Carter, J. R., Miller, L. L., Whipple, G. H.

When blood plasma proteins are depleted by bleeding, with return of the washed red cells (plasmapheresis), it is possible to bring dogs to a steady state of hypoproteinemia and a constant level of...

MAXIMAL HEMOGLOBIN AND PLASMA PROTEIN PRODUCTION UNDER THE STIMULUS OF DEPLETION

Robscheit-Robbins, F. S., Miller, L. L., Whipple, G. H.

The maximal output ceiling for hemoglobin in anemia due to blood loss is about 60 gm. per week—the dog receiving a rich protein diet plus high iron intake. Ferrous and ferric salts are equally...

HEMOGLOBIN AND PLASMA PROTEIN PRODUCTION : VARIOUS PROTEINS, CONCENTRATES, AND DIGESTS INFLUENCE BLOOD PROTEIN PRODUCTION IN ANEMIA AND HYPOPROTEINEMIA

Robscheit-Robbins, F. S., Miller, L. L., Whipple, G. H.

Given healthy dogs, fed abundant iron and protein-free or low protein diets, with sustained anemia and hypoproteinemia due to bleeding, we can study the capacity of these animals to produce...

PLASMA SUBSTITUTES : HUMAN AND ANIMAL GLOBIN RELATED TO THE PRODUCTION OF HEMOGLOBIN AND PLASMA PROTEIN DOG HEMOGLOBIN UTILIZATION IMPROVED BY METHIONINE BUT NOT BY ISOLEUCINE

Robscheit-Robbins, F. S., Miller, L. L., Alling, E. L., Whipple, G. H.

Hemoglobin and globin alone, supplemented, or modified in various ways are seriously considered as plasma substitutes. Human globin given to doubly depleted (anemic and hypoproteinemic) dogs by vein...

RAIDING OF BODY TISSUE PROTEIN TO FORM PLASMA PROTEIN AND HEMOGLOBIN : WHAT IS PREMORTAL RISE OF URINARY NITROGEN?

Whipple, G. H., Miller, L. L., Robscheit-Robbins, F. S.

Dogs with sustained anemia and hypoproteinemia due to bleeding and a continuing low protein or protein-free diet with abundant iron will continue to produce much new hemoglobin and plasma protein for...

ANEMIA AND HYPOPROTEINEMIA : WEIGHT MAINTENANCE EFFECTED BY FOOD PROTEINS BUT NOT BY MIXTURES OF PURE AMINO ACIDS

Miller, L. L., Robscheit-Robbins, F. S., Whipple, G. H.

Dogs with sustained anemia and hypoproteinemia due to bleeding and a continuing low protein or protein-free diet with abundant iron are used to test the value of food proteins as contrasted with...

PLASMA PROTEIN AND HEMOGLOBIN PRODUCTION : DELETION OF INDIVIDUAL AMINO ACIDS FROM GROWTH MIXTURE OF TEN ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS. SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN URINARY NITROGEN

Robscheit-Robbins, F. S., Miller, L. L., Whipple, G. H.

Given healthy dogs fed abundant iron and protein-free or low protein diets with sustained anemia and hypoproteinemia, we can study the capacity of these animals to produce simultaneously new...

THE USE OF RADIOACTIVE LYSINE IN STUDIES OF PROTEIN METABOLISM : SYNTHESIS AND UTILIZATION OF PLASMA PROTEINS

Miller, L. L., Bale, W. F., Yuile, C. L., Masters, R. E., Tishkoff, G. H., Whipple, G. H.

Racemic lysine labeled with C14 in the epsilon carbon position was fed to dogs. The distribution of C14 in blood and tissue fractions is recorded. In normal dogs sacrificed at 24 hours, approximately...

HEMOGLOBIN LABELED BY RADIOACTIVE LYSINE : ERYTHROCYTE LIFE CYCLE

Bale, W. F., Yuile, C. L., DeLaVergne, L., Miller, L. L., Whipple, G. H.

A dog, doubly depleted of blood cells and plasma proteins, was fed dl-lysine labeled with C14 in the epsilon carbon position. In the first 8 hours 28 per cent of the administered C14 was excreted in...

CONVERSION OF PLASMA PROTEIN TO TISSUE PROTEIN WITHOUT EVIDENCE OF PROTEIN BREAKDOWN : RESULTS OF GIVING PLASMA PROTEIN LABELED WITH CARBON14 PARENTERALLY TO DOGS

Yuile, C. L., Lamson, B. G., Miller, L. L., Whipple, G. H.

Labeled plasma proteins obtained from donor dogs, previously fed ε-C14-dl-lysine, have been given intravenously to recipient dogs. The disappearance of labeled globulin from the plasma at a rate...

THE DOMINANT ROLE OF THE LIVER IN PLASMA PROTEIN SYNTHESIS : A DIRECT STUDY OF THE ISOLATED PERFUSED RAT LIVER WITH THE AID OF LYSINE-ε-C14

Miller, L. L., Bly, C. G., Watson, M. L., Bale, W. F.

A direct study of the isolated rat liver perfused with oxygenated blood containing amino acids and lysine-ε-C14 has yielded facts indicating that the liver synthesizes practically all the plasma...

SERUM AND URINARY FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY RELATED TO THE HEMORRHAGIC DIATHESIS IN IRRADIATED DOGS

Colgan, J., Gates, E., Miller, L. L.

The urine and serum fibrinolytic activity were measured in dogs following whole body radiation ranging from 450 to 800 r generated by 1,000 kv. and 250 kv. machines. The fibrinolytic activity of the...