The Treatment and Analysis of Cyanide Wastewater. (2002)
Clark,D. P., Poulter,L. W., Wilson,O. W., Christenson,W. N.
The report concerns the treatment of industrial wastes containing cyanides, especially wastes from electroplating processes. The prototype system treatment concept is essentially chlorination via...
Solid Propellant Reclamation Study. (1998)
Alternate methods for the disposal of solid propellants were identified and evaluated, including laboratory tests. The methods included (a) alternate use or application, (b) relamation of major...
Poulter, L W, Rook, G A, Steele, J, Condez, A
The effects of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 and gamma interferon on the phenotypic changes associated with monocyte maturation in vitro were investigated. Human monocytes separated from peripheral blood...
Influence of rodent malaria on the course of Leishmania enriettii infection of hamsters.
Belehu, A, Poulter, L W, Turk, J L
Plasmodium yoelii infection was established in hamsters, and the effect of this type of malaria on concurrent Leishmania enriettii infection was examined. It was found that the course of the L....
Development of delayed-type hypersensitivity during Mycobacterium lepraemurium infection in mice.
Various preparations of Mycobacterium lepraemurium were used to elicit delayed-type hypersensitivity in the footpad of mice infected with this organism. With a sonicated preparation of the...
Induction of cell-mediated immunity to Mycobacterium lepraemurium in susceptible mice.
Lefford, M J, Patel, P J, Poulter, L W, Mackaness, G B
A mouse strain (CB6) that is highly susceptible to Mycobacterium lepraemurium was infected with 10(8) bacilli into the hind footpad. These mice developed cell-mediated immunity to M. lepraemurium, as...
The relationship between the level of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and the progression of Mycobacterium lepraemurium infection was examined after inoculation of mice with 10(8) M. lepraemurium...
Selby, W S, Poulter, L W, Hobbs, S, Jewell, D P, Janossy, G
HLA-DR-positive histiocytes in the lamina propria of the human intestine have been characterised using combined histochemical and immunohistological techniques. In the small intestine, 80-90% of the...
Raftery, M J, Poulter, L W, Janossy, G, Sweny, P, Fernando, O N, Moorhead, J F
Biopsies of normal kidneys taken at time of transplantation were studied using a variety of immunofluorescent and cytochemical techniques. A heterogeneous population of HLA-DR+ cells was found,...
Munro, C S, Mitchell, D N, Poulter, L W, Cole, P J
In a detailed controlled study of the cellular response to Kveim suspension in vivo we used immunohistological and histochemical methods to examine cryostat sections of immature Kveim biopsy...
Poulter, L W, Rook, G A, Steele, J, Condez, A
The effects of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 and gamma interferon on the phenotypic changes associated with monocyte maturation in vitro were investigated. Human monocytes separated from peripheral blood...
Influence of rodent malaria on the course of Leishmania enriettii infection of hamsters.
Belehu, A, Poulter, L W, Turk, J L
Plasmodium yoelii infection was established in hamsters, and the effect of this type of malaria on concurrent Leishmania enriettii infection was examined. It was found that the course of the L....
Development of delayed-type hypersensitivity during Mycobacterium lepraemurium infection in mice.
Various preparations of Mycobacterium lepraemurium were used to elicit delayed-type hypersensitivity in the footpad of mice infected with this organism. With a sonicated preparation of the...
Induction of cell-mediated immunity to Mycobacterium lepraemurium in susceptible mice.
Lefford, M J, Patel, P J, Poulter, L W, Mackaness, G B
A mouse strain (CB6) that is highly susceptible to Mycobacterium lepraemurium was infected with 10(8) bacilli into the hind footpad. These mice developed cell-mediated immunity to M. lepraemurium, as...
The relationship between the level of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and the progression of Mycobacterium lepraemurium infection was examined after inoculation of mice with 10(8) M. lepraemurium...
Selby, W S, Poulter, L W, Hobbs, S, Jewell, D P, Janossy, G
HLA-DR-positive histiocytes in the lamina propria of the human intestine have been characterised using combined histochemical and immunohistological techniques. In the small intestine, 80-90% of the...
Raftery, M J, Poulter, L W, Janossy, G, Sweny, P, Fernando, O N, Moorhead, J F
Biopsies of normal kidneys taken at time of transplantation were studied using a variety of immunofluorescent and cytochemical techniques. A heterogeneous population of HLA-DR+ cells was found,...
Munro, C S, Mitchell, D N, Poulter, L W, Cole, P J
In a detailed controlled study of the cellular response to Kveim suspension in vivo we used immunohistological and histochemical methods to examine cryostat sections of immature Kveim biopsy...
Functional aspects of the selective depletion of lymphoid tissue by cyclophosphamide
Turk, J. L., Parker, Darien, Poulter, L. W.
The increased intensity and prolongation of contact hypersensitivity reactions in animals treated 3 days prior to sensitization with 300 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CY) has been investigated. No evidence...
Differential effect of azathioprine on θ-antigenicity of mouse lymphocytes
Poulter, L. W., Bradley, N. J., Turk, J. L.
The effect of a single injection of 300 mg/Kg azathioprine on the lymphoid cells of normal mice has been studied. The proportions of θ-positive cells in the thymus, lymph nodes and spleen were...
T-cell cytokines may control the balance of functionally distinct macrophage populations.
Tormey, V J, Faul, J, Leonard, C, Burke, C M, Dilmec, A, Poulter, L W
As monocytes differentiate into mature macrophages, subsets emerge that exhibit stimulatory, suppressive or phagocytic potential. These functionally distinct subsets can be discriminated using...
Duke, O, Panayi, G S, Janossy, G, Poulter, L W, Tidman, N
In an attempt to define the immunoregulatory mechanisms operating in rheumatoid arthritis we have enumerated T cell subsets in the peripheral blood and synovial fluid of patients with this disease....
Immunocytology of synovial fluid cells may be of diagnostic and prognostic value in arthritis.
Poulter, L W, Al-Shakarchi, H A, Campbell, E D, Goldstein, A J, Richardson, A T
Cells of the synovial fluid (SF) have been examined by immunocytochemical methods. Samples were aspirated from four groups of patients with knee effusions: (a) seropositive inflammatory arthritis (n...
Khakoo, S. I., Soni, P. N., Savage, K., Brown, D., Dhillon, A. P., Poulter, L. W., ...
The pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C and the mechanisms underlying progressive liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection are poorly understood. To demonstrate which inflammatory...
Spiteri, M A, Johnson, M, Epstein, O, Sherlock, S, Clarke, S W, Poulter, L W
To investigate the basis of subclinical alveolitis in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, 10 primary biliary cirrhosis patients were studied by bronchoalveolar lavage. Both bronchoalveolar...
Macrophage heterogeneity in normal colonic mucosa and in inflammatory bowel disease.
Allison, M C, Cornwall, S, Poulter, L W, Dhillon, A P, Pounder, R E
Immunohistological techniques using monoclonal antibodies were employed to study the morphology and phenotypic expression of macrophage like cells in ulcerative colitis, Crohn's colitis and...
Immunohistology of oral lesions from patients with recurrent oral ulcers and Behçet's syndrome.
A qualitative and quantitative immunohistological investigation was performed on biopsies of oral ulcers from patients with Behcet's syndrome (BS) and those with recurrent oral ulcers (ROU). The...
Pneumonitis in bone marrow transplant recipients results from a local immune response.
Milburn, H J, Du Bois, R M, Prentice, H G, Poulter, L W
Eighteen recipients of allogeneic T cell-depleted bone marrow who developed 22 episodes of interstitial pneumonitis were investigated by bronchoalveolar lavage for the cause of pneumonitis. The cells...
Noble, B, Ren, K, Taverne, J, Dipirro, J, Van Liew, J, Dijkstra, C, ...
Immunohistochemical methods were used to investigate the role of macrophages in the progression of proliferative immune complex glomerulonephritis. The mononuclear cell component of glomerular...
Characterization of immune inducer and suppressor macrophages from the normal human lung.
Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) that are able to discriminate between dendritic cells (MoAb RFD1+) and mature macrophages (MoAb RFD7+) in normal tissues were used in combination with density separation...
Corticosteroid can alter antigen expression on alveolar macrophages.
Normal healthy volunteers underwent broncho-alveolar lavage and the cells obtained were cultured for 24 h and 48 h, either alone or in the presence of the corticosteroid, Budesonide. Cell...
Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of much more marked macrophage heterogeneity in colonic mucosa affected by the idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's...
Antigen presenting cells in situ: their identification and involvement in immunopathology.
Macrophages and other dendritic non-lymphoid cells have been shown to be functionally capable of presenting antigen to induce lymphocyte responses. These cells can now be studied in situ and...
Parasitism of antigen presenting cells in hyperbacillary leprosy.
Poulter, L W, Collings, L A, Tung, K S, Waters, M F
Full thickness skin biopsies from four patients with borderline lepromatous leprosy (BL leprosy) have been examined. Immunohistological techniques have been employed to analyse the non-lymphoid...
Mishra, B B, Poulter, L W, Janossy, G, James, D G
Immunohistological observations of lymphoid and non-lymphoid cell subsets in biopsies of sarcoid skin granulomas have been compared with positive Kveim tests and the sites of PPD injection in sarcoid...
Duke, O L, Hobbs, S, Panayi, G S, Poulter, L W, Rasker, J J, Janossy, G
The histochemical demonstration of acid phosphatase (ACP) and adenosine triphosphatase (ATP) has been combined with standard immunofluorescence techniques, using a panel of monoclonal and...
Poulter, L W, Duke, O, Hobbs, S, Janossy, G, Panayi, G
A combination of immunochemical staining for HLA-DR antigens and the histochemical demonstration of enzyme activity has been used to identify specific cell populations in the normal and arthritic...
The course of Leishmania tropica infection in BALB/c and B6D2 mice has been followed after injection of the parasite at different sites. The effect of interruption of lymphatic drainage from the...
Duke, O, Panayi, G S, Janossy, G, Poulter, L W
We have used monoclonal antibodies of the orthoclone (OKT) series to identify T cell subsets in an immunohistological analysis of the synovial membranes obtained from normal individuals and patients...
Poulter, L W, Duke, O, Hobbs, S, Janossy, G, Panayi, G, Seymour, G
Macrophage like cells expressing high concentrations of HLA-DR antigen have been identified in situ within the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The characteristics of these cells have...
The effect of initiating leishmanial infection in guinea-pigs with organisms contained within macrophages has been examined. Infection of animals in this way resulted in the development of metastatic...
The development and decay of systemic resistance has been examined in guinea-pigs with progressive metastatic leishmaniasis. Adoptive cell transfer experiments have revealed that a T cell-mediated...
The kinetics and quality of acquired resistance in self-healing and metastatic leishmaniasis.
Quantitative methods for enumerating viable L. enriettii in tissues have been used to determine the course of cutaneous leishmaniasis in guinea-pigs. The development and kinetics of acquired...
The quantification of viable Leishmania enriettii from infected guinea-pig tissues.
Results are presented demonstrating that in vitro cultivation of Leishmania enrietti can be used to determine the level of viability in suspensions of L. enrietti used for infection and also to...
Methods of adoptive immunization have been employed to analyse the mechanisms of acquired immunity to leishmanial infection in the guinea pig. It was found that resistance developed 2 weeks after...
Rapid quantitation of changes in macrophage volume induced by lymphokine in vitro.
A new machine, the Coulter Channelyzer P128, has been used to measure the mean cell volume of suspensions of normal guinea-pig macrophages. Macrophage volume, expressed in cubic microns, has been...
Modification of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the guinea-pig by cyclophosphamide.
Belehu, A, Poulter, L W, Turk, J L
Pretreatment of guinea-pigs with cyclophosphamide (Cy) (300 mg/kg) 3 days before cutaneous infection with Leishmania enriettii caused an increased intensity of the lesion at the site of infection and...
Noble, B, Du Bois, R M, Poulter, L W
Monoclonal antibodies that identify phenotypically distinct macrophage subsets were used to analyse the macrophages in lung biopsy specimens and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with...
Spiteri, M A, Clarke, S W, Poulter, L W
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed on 10 patients with sarcoidosis and 10 normal volunteers. In each case aliquots of the lavage were used to prepare cytospins on which differential cell...
The effect of intracellular parasitism on cell phenotype.
Human peritoneal macrophages were harvested from 'long dwell' peritoneal dialysis bags. Adherent cells were harvested after 2 h culture on plastic and these were then exposed to M. lepraemurium (MLM)...
Campbell, D A, Du Bois, R M, Butcher, R G, Poulter, L W
The density of HLA-DR antigen expression on alveolar macrophages obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from sarcoidosis patients and normal control subjects was quantified using scanning and integrating...
Alegre, V A, MacDonald, D M, Poulter, L W
Immunohistological studies have been performed on tissues from various dermatological conditions using two monoclonal antibodies, RFD1 and NA1/34. These reagents were used to determine whether...
Monoclonal antibodies distinguish macrophages and epithelioid cells in sarcoidosis and leprosy.
Munro, C S, Campbell, D A, Collings, L A, Poulter, L W
Existing anti-macrophage monoclonal antibodies are unable to differentiate between macrophages and epithelioid cells. In search of more precise reagents, we have applied recently developed antibodies...
Nath, Indira, Poulter, L. W., Turk, J. L.
Sephadex purified PPD and Con A induced mediator rich fractions (MRF) were applied to guinea-pig macrophages cultured in vitro. At varying times after the addition of the MRF, cells were removed from...
Bray, D H, Squire, S B, Kawana, A, Johnson, M A, Poulter, L W
MoAbs and immunoperoxidase methods were used to identify antigen-presenting and phagocytic cells and to assess expression of HLA-DR molecules on cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from 33...
Buckley, C, Ivison, C, Poulter, L W, Rustin, M H
The immunopathology of patch test reactions to aeroallergens in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) has been compared to that of contact sensitivity reactions to nickel in non-atopic individuals....
Mucosal macrophage subsets of the gut in HIV: decrease in antigen-presenting cell phenotype.
Lim, S G, Condez, A, Poulter, L W
The effect of HIV infection on intestinal lamina propria macrophage subsets was investigated in 41 patients at various stages of HIV infection (asymptomatic HIV infection, n = 17; AIDS, n = 24)....
Loss of mucosal CD4 lymphocytes is an early feature of HIV infection.
Lim, S G, Condez, A, Lee, C A, Johnson, M A, Elia, C, Poulter, L W
T cell subsets in the gut mucosa are distinct populations and their imbalance in HIV has specific implications in infection. Alterations in T cell subsets in duodenal biopsies were investigated in 17...
Collings, L A, Tidman, N, Poulter, L W
A method is described which can be used to quantitate class II MHC antigens (HLA-DR) expressed by cells within tissue sections. A mouse anti-human HLA-DR monoclonal antibody is directly conjugated to...
Collings, L A, Waters, M F, Poulter, L W
Full thickness skin biopsies were examined from 12 untreated leprosy patients and included five borderline tuberculoid (BT leprosy), five borderline lepromatous (BL leprosy) and two subpolar...
Selective depletion of lymphoid tissue by cyclophosphamide
Selective depletion of lymphocytes from the lymph follicles and cortico-medullary junction in lymph nodes and equivalent non thymus dependent areas of the spleen can be produced by cyclophosphamide...
GILBODY, J, LIPMAN, M C I, JOHNSON, M A, ATKINS, M, POULTER, L W
The expression of receptors for complement and the Fc region of immunoglobulin by alveolar macrophages (AM) constitutes a valuable aid to effector function of these cells. However, during HIV...
MILBURN, H J, POULTER, L W, DILMEC, A, COCHRANE, G M, KEMENY, D M
In this study, we have investigated the balance between Th1- and Th2-like activity in the lungs in sarcoidosis and have determined the effect of corticosteroid treatment on this. Twenty-one patients...
Changes to the cytokine microenvironment in the genital tract mucosa of HIV+ women
Olaitan, A, Johnson, M A, Reid, W M, Poulter, L W
As previous studies have indicated that genital tract mucosal T cell function may be impaired in HIV infection, we investigated the T cell cytokine mRNA in the genital tract mucosa of HIV-infected...
Fluticasone propionate-induced regulation of the balance within macrophage subpopulations
Tormey, V J, Bernard, S, Ivory, K, Burke, C M, Poulter, L W
In asthma, treatment with inhaled corticosteroids reduces chronic peribronchial inflammation and restores the balance within macrophage subpopulations. This study investigates whether corticosteroids...
The inhibition of cutaneous T cell apoptosis may prevent resolution of inflammation in atopic eczema
Orteu, C H, Rustin, M H A, O'toole, E, Sabin, C, Salmon, M, Poulter, L W, ...
Atopic eczema (AE) is characterized by the persistence of infiltrating T lymphocytes in the dermis. To test the hypothesis that dysregulation of normal T cell apoptosis may contribute to the...
Campbell, D A, Poulter, L W, Janossy, G, Du Bois, R M
Immunohistological analysis using monoclonal antibodies in conjunction with histochemical techniques has been applied to lung biopsy material from patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis....
Campbell, D A, Poulter, L W, Du Bois, R M
Cytospin preparations of mononuclear inflammatory cells were made from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from 15 patients with interstitial lung disease (nine patients with sarcoidosis and six...
Suppression associated lymphocyte markers in lesions of sarcoidosis.
Munro, C S, Campbell, D A, Du Bois, R M, Mitchell, D N, Cole, P J, Poulter, L W
The presence within the epithelioid granulomas of sarcoidosis of lymphocytes of the "helper" (T4 positive) phenotype suggests that, as in granulomatous diseases of known aetiology, active cell...
Pulmonary cell populations in recipients of bone marrow transplants with interstitial pneumonitis.
Milburn, H J, Poulter, L W, Prentice, H G, Du Bois, R M
The immunological basis of the inflammatory response in the lungs of patients with pneumonitis after bone marrow transplantation has been investigated by means of bronchoalveolar lavage. Ten episodes...
The immunological component of the cellular inflammatory infiltrate in bronchiectasis.
Silva, J R, Jones, J A, Cole, P J, Poulter, L W
Immunohistological analysis of bronchial biopsy specimens from nine patients with bronchiectasis and four control subjects was performed with a panel of monoclonal antibodies selected to show...
Power, C, Sreenan, S, Hurson, B, Burke, C, Poulter, L W
BACKGROUND--Nearly all asthmatic subjects show bronchial hyperresponsiveness, in that the provocative concentration of histamine reducing forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) by 20%...
Burke, C. M., Sreenan, S., Pathmakanthan, S., Patterson, J., Schmekel, B., Poulter, L. W.
BACKGROUND: Although corticosteroids are recognised as the most efficacious treatment for bronchial asthma, their mode of action remains unclear. A placebo controlled trial was undertaken of the...
Ainslie, G M, Poulter, L W, Du Bois, R M
This study was designed to determine whether cell populations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid represent a reflection of disease activity in sarcoidosis. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells were...
Poulter, L. W., Norris, A., Power, C., Condez, A., Burnes, H., Schmekel, B., ...
Endobronchial and nasal mucosa biopsies were obtained from 5 patients with clinically-stable, diagnosed asthma (ATS criteria). A comparison was made of the presence and distribution of...
Immune aspects of sarcoidosis.
Although the initiating factor(s) is unknown, it is now accepted that pulmonary sarcoidosis develops as a result of an over-stimulated local cellular immune response. Starting as a lymphocytic...