Liam Smeeth

The effect on cardiovascular risk factors of migration from rural to urban areas in Peru: PERU MIGRANT Study (2009)

Miranda, J Jaime, Gilman, Robert H, García, Héctor H, Smeeth, Liam

Abstract Background Mass-migration observed in Peru from the 1970s occurred because of the need to escape from politically motivated violence and work related reasons. The majority of the migrant...

Smoking Patterns in Ghanaian Civil Servants: Changes Over Three Decades (2009)

Juliet Addo, Liam Smeeth, David A. Leon

The number of smokers in developing countries is expected to increase as markets in high income countries begin to decline and multinational tobacco companies shift their marketing efforts to lower...

Integrated associations of genotypes with multiple blood biomarkers linked to coronary heart disease risk (2009)

Drenos, Fotios, Talmud, Philippa J., Casas, Juan P., Smeeth, Liam, Palmen, Jutta, Humphries, Steve E., ...

Individuals at risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) show multiple correlations across blood biomarkers. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) indexing biomarker differences could help distinguish...

Critical appraisal of CRP measurement for the prediction of coronary heart disease events: new data and systematic review of 31 prospective cohorts (2009)

Shah, Tina, Casas, Juan P, Cooper, Jackie A, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Sofat, Reecha, McCormack, Valerie, ...

Background Non-uniform reporting of relevant relationships and metrics hampers critical appraisal of the clinical utility of C-reactive protein (CRP) measurement for prediction of later coronary...

Are Individuals With an Autoimmune Disease at Higher Risk of a Second Autoimmune Disorder? (2009)

Somers, Emily C., Thomas, Sara L., Smeeth, Liam, Hall, Andrew J.

Limited evidence suggests that autoimmune diseases tend to co-occur, although data are needed to determine whether individuals with an existing autoimmune disorder are at increased risk of a second...

Chronic kidney disease and hip fracture-related mortality in older people in the UK (2009)

Nitsch, Dorothea, Mylne, Adrian, Roderick, Paul J., Smeeth, Liam, Hubbard, Richard, Fletcher, Astrid

Background. Dialysis patients have increased hip fracture rates when compared to the general population of the same age and sex. There have been few studies of the association of earlier stages of...

Biomarkers of inflammation predict both vascular and non-vascular mortality in older men (2008)

Clarke, Robert, Emberson, Jonathan R., Breeze, Elizabeth, Casas, Juan P., Parish, Sarah, Hingorani, Aroon D., ...

Aims To compare the predictive value of inflammatory biomarkers and lipids for vascular and non-vascular mortality in older men. Methods and results The relevance of inflammatory biomarkers and...

Detecting chronic kidney disease in older people; what are the implications? (2008)

Roderick, Paul J., Atkins, Richard J., Smeeth, Liam, Nitsch, Dorothea M., Hubbard, Richard B., Flectcher, Astrid E., ...

Background: national policy is focused on early identification, referral and management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to prevent both progression to endstage renal failure and cardiovascular...

Contribution of changes in incidence and mortality to trends in the prevalence of coronary heart disease in the UK: 1996 2005 (2007)

Davies, Alisha Ruth, Smeeth, Liam, Grundy, Emily Marjatta Dorothea

Aims To assess how trends in the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and mortality rates among people with CHD have affected the prevalence of CHD in the UK. Methods and results A time trend...

Incidence of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the United Kingdom, 1990-1999 (2007)

Somers, Emily C., Thomas, Sara L., Smeeth, Liam, Schoonen, W. Marieke, Hall, Andrew J.

Objective. To estimate the annual incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) over a 10-year period in the UK, and to examine age-, sex-, and region-specific rates. Methods. The study was based...

Autoimmune diseases co-occurring within individuals and within families: a systematic review (2006)

Somers, Emily C., Thomas, Sara L., Smeeth, Liam, Hall, Andrew J.

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune diseases have been observed to coexist both within individuals and within families. It is unclear whether clinical reports of comorbid autoimmune diseases represent chance...

Hormone replacement therapy and acute myocardial infarction: a large observational study exploring the influence of age (2006)

Kim, Joseph, Evans, Stephen, Smeeth, Liam, Pocock, Stuart

Background We examined whether the discrepancy between observational studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on myocardial infarction (MI)...

Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Polymorphisms and Cardiovascular Disease: A HuGE Review (2006)

Casas, Juan P., Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Bautista, Leonelo E., Smeeth, Liam, Humphries, Steve E., Hingorani, Aroon D.

This review examines the association of a subset of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene (NOS3) polymorphisms (Glu298Asp, intron 4, and -786T>C) with cardiovascular disease. The Glu298Asp...

The use of primary care databases: case-control and case-only designs (2006)

Smeeth, Liam, Donnan, Peter T, Cook, Derek G

Study designs based on the identification of cases are frequently utilized when undertaking epidemiological research. Traditionally these have been mainly based on identification of cases from...

Limits to Causal Inference based on Mendelian Randomization: A Comparison with Randomized Controlled Trials (2006)

Nitsch, Dorothea, Molokhia, Mariam, Smeeth, Liam, DeStavola, Bianca L., Whittaker, John C., Leon, David A.

“Mendelian randomization” refers to the random assortment of genes transferred from parent to offspring at the time of gamete formation. This process has been compared to a randomized controlled...

Hormone replacement therapy and acute myocardial infarction: a large observational study exploring the influence of age (2006)

Kim, Joseph, Evans, Stephen, Smeeth, Liam, Pocock, Stuart

Background We examined whether the discrepancy between observational studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on myocardial infarction (MI)...

The use of primary care databases: case-control and case-only designs (2006)

Smeeth, Liam, Donnan, Peter T, Cook, Derek G

Study designs based on the identification of cases are frequently utilized when undertaking epidemiological research. Traditionally these have been mainly based on identification of cases from...

The use of primary care databases: case-control and case-only designs (2006)

Smeeth, Liam, Donnan, Peter T, Cook, Derek G

Study designs based on the identification of cases are frequently utilized when undertaking epidemiological research. Traditionally these have been mainly based on identification of cases from...

Prevalence of cognitive impairment: results from the MRC trial of assessment and management of older people in the community (2005)

Rait, Greta, Fletcher, Astrid, Smeeth, Liam, Brayne, Carol, Stirling, Susan, Nunes, Maria, ...

Background: cognitive impairment is an important part of the diagnostic criteria for dementia. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is recommended to test for cognitive impairment and to monitor...

Validation of the diagnosis of autism in general practitioner records (2004)

Fombonne, Eric, Heavey, Lisa, Smeeth, Liam, Rodrigues, Laura, Cook, Claire, Smith, Peter, ...

BACKGROUND:We report on the validity of the computerized diagnoses of autism in a large case-control study investigating the possible association between autism and the measles, mumps and rubella...

Rate of first recorded diagnosis of autism and other pervasive developmental disorders in United Kingdom general practice, 1988 to 2001 (2004)

Smeeth, Liam, Cook, Claire, Fombonne, Professor, Heavey, Lisa, Rodrigues, Laura, Smith, Peter, ...

BACKGROUND:There has been concern that the incidence of autism and other pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) is increasing. Previous studies have been smaller, restricted to autism (excluding...

Validity of the Clock-Drawing Test as a Screening Tool for Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly (2004)

Nishiwaki, Yuji, Breeze, Elizabeth, Smeeth, Liam, Bulpitt, Christopher J., Peters, Ruth, Fletcher, Astrid E.

The authors studied the validity of the Clock-Drawing Test (CDT) in comparison with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the association between the CDT and mortality in a large general...

Performance of a single screening question for depression in a representative sample of 13 670 people aged 75 and over in the UK: results from the MRC trial of assessment and management of older people in the community (2003)

Osborn, David PJ, Fletcher, Astrid E, Smeeth, Liam, Stirling, Susan, Bulpitt, Christopher J, Nunes, Maria, ...

Background. A concise, accurate screening question for depression would be an important contribution to the Single Assessment Process for Older People.Objective. To examine the performance of a...

Exposure to Tricyclic and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Antidepressants and the Risk of Hip Fracture (2003)

Hubbard, Richard, Farrington, Paddy, Smith, Chris, Smeeth, Liam, Tattersfield, Anne

The use of tricyclic antidepressants is associated with an increased risk of hip fracture. Despite a better side effect profile, this adverse effect has also been reported for selective serotonin...

Performance of a single screening question for depression in a representative sample of 13 670 people aged 75 and over in the UK: results from the MRC trial of assessment and management of older people in the community (2003)

Osborn, David PJ, Fletcher, Astrid E, Smeeth, Liam, Stirling, Susan, Bulpitt, Christopher J, Nunes, Maria, ...

Background. A concise, accurate screening question for depression would be an important contribution to the Single Assessment Process for Older People. Objective. To examine the performance of a...

Bayesian Meta-Analysis of Genetic Association Studies with Different Sets of Markers

Verzilli, Claudio, Shah, Tina, Casas, Juan P., Chapman, Juliet, Sandhu, Manjinder, Debenham, Sally L., ...

Robust assessment of genetic effects on quantitative traits or complex-disease risk requires synthesis of evidence from multiple studies. Frequently, studies have genotyped partially overlapping sets...

Smoking Patterns in Ghanaian Civil Servants: Changes Over Three Decades

Addo, Juliet, Smeeth, Liam, Leon, David A.

The number of smokers in developing countries is expected to increase as markets in high income countries begin to decline and multinational tobacco companies shift their marketing efforts to lower...

Integrated associations of genotypes with multiple blood biomarkers linked to coronary heart disease risk

Drenos, Fotios, Talmud, Philippa J., Casas, Juan P., Smeeth, Liam, Palmen, Jutta, Humphries, Steve E., ...

Individuals at risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) show multiple correlations across blood biomarkers. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) indexing biomarker differences could help distinguish...

The Risk of Fractures Associated with Thiazolidinediones: A Self-controlled Case-Series Study

Douglas, Ian J., Evans, Stephen J., Pocock, Stuart, Smeeth, Liam

Ian Douglas and colleagues analyze records from the UK General Practice Research Database, and find that among individuals prescribed thiazolidinediones who develop a fracture, fractures are more...

Post-marketing assessment of the safety of strontium ranelate; a novel case-only approach to the early detection of adverse drug reactions

Grosso, Anthony, Douglas, Ian, Hingorani, Aroon, MacAllister, Raymond, Smeeth, Liam

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECTRandomized controlled trials are the gold standard of drug efficacy assessment, but have limited power to assess adverse drug reactions.Observational data...

Multilocus Bayesian Meta-Analysis of Gene-Disease Associations

Newcombe, Paul J., Verzilli, Claudio, Casas, Juan P., Hingorani, Aroon D., Smeeth, Liam, Whittaker, John C.

Meta-analysis is a vital tool in genetic epidemiology. However, meta-analyses to identify gene-disease associations are compromised when contributing studies have typed partially overlapping sets of...