M. E. Mulligan

Clonal relationships among bloodstream isolates of Escherichia coli.

Maslow, J N, Whittam, T S, Gilks, C F, Wilson, R A, Mulligan, M E, Adams, K S, ...

The clonal relationships among 187 bloodstream isolates of Escherichia coli from 179 patients at Boston, Mass., Long Beach, Calif., and Nairobi, Kenya, were determined by multilocus enzyme...

In vitro susceptibilities of oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to dapsone and sulfamethoxazole alone and in combination with trimethoprim.

Lambertus, M W, Kwok, R Y, Mulligan, M E

The in vitro activity of trimethoprim plus dapsone against oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was comparable to that of trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole. Because of its different...

Alterations in human fecal flora, including ingrowth of Clostridium difficile, related to cefoxitin therapy.

Mulligan, M E, Citron, D, Gabay, E, Kirby, B D, George, W L, Finegold, S M

To evaluate the effects of parenteral cefoxitin therapy on human fecal flora, we cultured fecal specimens obtained from six patients before, during, and after therapy and used standard methods to...

GlbN (cyanoglobin) is a peripheral membrane protein that is restricted to certain Nostoc spp.

Hill, D R, Belbin, T J, Thorsteinsson, M V, Bassam, D, Brass, S, Ernst, A, ...

The glbN gene of Nostoc commune UTEX 584 is juxtaposed to nifU and nifH, and it encodes a 12-kDa monomeric hemoglobin that binds oxygen with high affinity. In N. commune UTEX 584, maximum...

Identification and characterization of a gene encoding a vertebrate-type carbonic anhydrase in cyanobacteria.

Soltes-Rak, E, Mulligan, M E, Coleman, J R

A gene (designated ecaA) encoding a vertebrate-like (alpha-type) carbonic anhydrase (CA) has been isolated from two disparate cyanobacteria, Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 and Synechococcus sp. strain...

Intravenous metronidazole for treatment of infections involving anaerobic bacteria.

George, W L, Kirby, B D, Sutter, V L, Wheeler, L A, Mulligan, M E, Finegold, S M

Intravenous metronidazole was administered, either by continuous or intermittent infusion, to 20 patients with infections involving anaerobic bacteria; 14 of the 20 patients were changed to oral...

Impact of cefoperazone therapy on fecal flora.

Mulligan, M E, Citron, D M, McNamara, B T, Finegold, S M

To evaluate the effects of parenteral cefoperazone therapy upon human fecal flora, fecal specimens obtained from four patients before and during therapy (as well as after therapy for one patient)...

Resistance of gram-negative bacilli as related to hospital use of antimicrobial agents.

Ma, M Y, Goldstein, E J, Friedman, M H, Anderson, M S, Mulligan, M E

The development of resistance of gram-negative bacilli, which are common nosocomial pathogens, is an increasing problem. It is generally accepted that this resistance may directly reflect the...

Randomized double-blinded trial of rifampin with either novobiocin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization: prevention of antimicrobial resistance and effect of host factors on outcome.

Walsh, T J, Standiford, H C, Reboli, A C, John, J F, Mulligan, M E, Ribner, B S, ...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen in hospitals. Current antimicrobial regimens for eradicating colonizing strains are not well defined and are often complicated...

Bacterial-type ferredoxin genes in the nitrogen fixation regions of the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 and Rhizobium meliloti.

Mulligan, M E, Buikema, W J, Haselkorn, R

The nucleotide sequence of a region located downstream of the nifB gene, both in the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 and in Rhizobium meliloti, has been determined. This region contains a...

Deletion of a 55-kilobase-pair DNA element from the chromosome during heterocyst differentiation of Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120.

Golden, J W, Carrasco, C D, Mulligan, M E, Schneider, G J, Haselkorn, R

The filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 produces terminally differentiated heterocysts in response to a lack of combined nitrogen. Heterocysts are found approximately every 10th...

In vivo stability and discriminatory power of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus typing by restriction endonuclease analysis of plasmid DNA compared with those of other molecular methods.

Hartstein, A I, Phelps, C L, Kwok, R Y, Mulligan, M E

We evaluated test discriminatory power and DNA type alterations among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains by testing 199 sequential isolates from 39 patients collected over 30 to 228...

Comparison of arbitrarily primed PCR with restriction endonuclease and immunoblot analyses for typing Clostridium difficile isolates.

Tang, Y J, Houston, S T, Gumerlock, P H, Mulligan, M E, Gerding, D N, Johnson, S, ...

Arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR) was used to genotype 26 clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile previously analyzed by immunoblotting (IB) and 20 isolates typed by restriction endonuclease...

Correlation of immunoblot type, enterotoxin production, and cytotoxin production with clinical manifestations of Clostridium difficile infection in a cohort of hospitalized patients.

McFarland, L V, Elmer, G W, Stamm, W E, Mulligan, M E

To determine whether strain-specific differences in immunoblot type, enterotoxin production, or cytotoxin production correlated with clinical presentation of Clostridium difficile infection, we...

Recurrent Escherichia coli bacteremia.

Maslow, J N, Mulligan, M E, Arbeit, R D

Escherichia coli is the most common gram-negative organism associated with bacteremia. While recurrent E. coli urinary tract infections are well-described, recurrent E. coli bacteremia appears to be...

Recurrent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

Hartstein, A I, Mulligan, M E, Morthland, V H, Kwok, R Y

Sequential blood isolates from eight patients with 10 episodes of recurrent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia were typed by restriction endonuclease analysis of plasmid DNA (REAP DNA fingerprinting)...

Development of a rapid and efficient restriction endonuclease analysis typing system for Clostridium difficile and correlation with other typing systems.

Clabots, C R, Johnson, S, Bettin, K M, Mathie, P A, Mulligan, M E, Schaberg, D R, ...

A HindIII restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) typing system for total genomic Clostridium difficile DNA including a rapid and efficient method of DNA extraction and a scheme for organizing unique...

Impact of prolonged incubation on disk diffusion susceptibility test results for Staphylococcus aureus.

Mulligan, M E, Citron, D M, Kwok, R Y, Wheelock, J P, Farrohi, F K, Hindler, J A, ...

Because strains of Staphylococcus aureus that are resistant to penicillinase-resistant penicillins may be difficult to detect in the clinical laboratory, a variety of changes in methodology have been...

Immunoblots and plasmid fingerprints compared with serotyping and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for typing Clostridium difficile.

Mulligan, M E, Peterson, L R, Kwok, R Y, Clabots, C R, Gerding, D N

Two new methods for typing Clostridium difficile, immunoblotting and plasmid fingerprinting, were compared with serotyping and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Of these methods,...

Immunoblots, antimicrobial resistance, and bacteriophage typing of oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Mulligan, M E, Kwok, R Y, Citron, D M, John, J F, Smith, P B

An immunoblotting system was developed for typing of oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Clinical isolates recovered during a 40-month period at a single institution were evaluated with this...

Bacteroides gracilis, an important anaerobic bacterial pathogen.

Johnson, C C, Reinhardt, J F, Edelstein, M A, Mulligan, M E, George, W L, Finegold, S M

Clinical isolates of agar-pitting, formate-fumarate-requiring, anaerobic gram-negative bacilli were recharacterized in consideration of the species descriptions of Bacteroides ureolyticus and the...

Failure of rapid agglutination methods to detect oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Ruane, P J, Morgan, M A, Citron, D M, Mulligan, M E

Although a latex agglutination test (StaphAurex) and a hemagglutination test (Staphyloslide) correctly identified all strains of Staphylococcus aureus that were susceptible or had intermediate...

Escherichia coli promoter sequences predict in vitro RNA polymerase selectivity.

Mulligan, M E, Hawley, D K, Entriken, R, McClure, W R

We describe a simple algorithm for computing a homology score for Escherichia coli promoters based on DNA sequence alone. The homology score was related to 31 values, measured in vitro, of RNA...

Analysis of the occurrence of promoter-sites in DNA.

Mulligan, M E, McClure, W R

We show that the occurrence and homology score (1) of promoter-sites in DNA depends upon the base composition of the DNA. We used simple probability theory to calculate the mean homology score...

Clonal relationships among bloodstream isolates of Escherichia coli.

Maslow, J N, Whittam, T S, Gilks, C F, Wilson, R A, Mulligan, M E, Adams, K S, ...

The clonal relationships among 187 bloodstream isolates of Escherichia coli from 179 patients at Boston, Mass., Long Beach, Calif., and Nairobi, Kenya, were determined by multilocus enzyme...

In vitro susceptibilities of oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to dapsone and sulfamethoxazole alone and in combination with trimethoprim.

Lambertus, M W, Kwok, R Y, Mulligan, M E

The in vitro activity of trimethoprim plus dapsone against oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was comparable to that of trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole. Because of its different...

Alterations in human fecal flora, including ingrowth of Clostridium difficile, related to cefoxitin therapy.

Mulligan, M E, Citron, D, Gabay, E, Kirby, B D, George, W L, Finegold, S M

To evaluate the effects of parenteral cefoxitin therapy on human fecal flora, we cultured fecal specimens obtained from six patients before, during, and after therapy and used standard methods to...

GlbN (cyanoglobin) is a peripheral membrane protein that is restricted to certain Nostoc spp.

Hill, D R, Belbin, T J, Thorsteinsson, M V, Bassam, D, Brass, S, Ernst, A, ...

The glbN gene of Nostoc commune UTEX 584 is juxtaposed to nifU and nifH, and it encodes a 12-kDa monomeric hemoglobin that binds oxygen with high affinity. In N. commune UTEX 584, maximum...

Identification and characterization of a gene encoding a vertebrate-type carbonic anhydrase in cyanobacteria.

Soltes-Rak, E, Mulligan, M E, Coleman, J R

A gene (designated ecaA) encoding a vertebrate-like (alpha-type) carbonic anhydrase (CA) has been isolated from two disparate cyanobacteria, Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 and Synechococcus sp. strain...

Intravenous metronidazole for treatment of infections involving anaerobic bacteria.

George, W L, Kirby, B D, Sutter, V L, Wheeler, L A, Mulligan, M E, Finegold, S M

Intravenous metronidazole was administered, either by continuous or intermittent infusion, to 20 patients with infections involving anaerobic bacteria; 14 of the 20 patients were changed to oral...

Impact of cefoperazone therapy on fecal flora.

Mulligan, M E, Citron, D M, McNamara, B T, Finegold, S M

To evaluate the effects of parenteral cefoperazone therapy upon human fecal flora, fecal specimens obtained from four patients before and during therapy (as well as after therapy for one patient)...

Resistance of gram-negative bacilli as related to hospital use of antimicrobial agents.

Ma, M Y, Goldstein, E J, Friedman, M H, Anderson, M S, Mulligan, M E

The development of resistance of gram-negative bacilli, which are common nosocomial pathogens, is an increasing problem. It is generally accepted that this resistance may directly reflect the...

Randomized double-blinded trial of rifampin with either novobiocin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization: prevention of antimicrobial resistance and effect of host factors on outcome.

Walsh, T J, Standiford, H C, Reboli, A C, John, J F, Mulligan, M E, Ribner, B S, ...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen in hospitals. Current antimicrobial regimens for eradicating colonizing strains are not well defined and are often complicated...

Bacterial-type ferredoxin genes in the nitrogen fixation regions of the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 and Rhizobium meliloti.

Mulligan, M E, Buikema, W J, Haselkorn, R

The nucleotide sequence of a region located downstream of the nifB gene, both in the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 and in Rhizobium meliloti, has been determined. This region contains a...

Deletion of a 55-kilobase-pair DNA element from the chromosome during heterocyst differentiation of Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120.

Golden, J W, Carrasco, C D, Mulligan, M E, Schneider, G J, Haselkorn, R

The filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 produces terminally differentiated heterocysts in response to a lack of combined nitrogen. Heterocysts are found approximately every 10th...

In vivo stability and discriminatory power of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus typing by restriction endonuclease analysis of plasmid DNA compared with those of other molecular methods.

Hartstein, A I, Phelps, C L, Kwok, R Y, Mulligan, M E

We evaluated test discriminatory power and DNA type alterations among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains by testing 199 sequential isolates from 39 patients collected over 30 to 228...

Comparison of arbitrarily primed PCR with restriction endonuclease and immunoblot analyses for typing Clostridium difficile isolates.

Tang, Y J, Houston, S T, Gumerlock, P H, Mulligan, M E, Gerding, D N, Johnson, S, ...

Arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR) was used to genotype 26 clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile previously analyzed by immunoblotting (IB) and 20 isolates typed by restriction endonuclease...

Correlation of immunoblot type, enterotoxin production, and cytotoxin production with clinical manifestations of Clostridium difficile infection in a cohort of hospitalized patients.

McFarland, L V, Elmer, G W, Stamm, W E, Mulligan, M E

To determine whether strain-specific differences in immunoblot type, enterotoxin production, or cytotoxin production correlated with clinical presentation of Clostridium difficile infection, we...

Recurrent Escherichia coli bacteremia.

Maslow, J N, Mulligan, M E, Arbeit, R D

Escherichia coli is the most common gram-negative organism associated with bacteremia. While recurrent E. coli urinary tract infections are well-described, recurrent E. coli bacteremia appears to be...

Recurrent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

Hartstein, A I, Mulligan, M E, Morthland, V H, Kwok, R Y

Sequential blood isolates from eight patients with 10 episodes of recurrent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia were typed by restriction endonuclease analysis of plasmid DNA (REAP DNA fingerprinting)...

Development of a rapid and efficient restriction endonuclease analysis typing system for Clostridium difficile and correlation with other typing systems.

Clabots, C R, Johnson, S, Bettin, K M, Mathie, P A, Mulligan, M E, Schaberg, D R, ...

A HindIII restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) typing system for total genomic Clostridium difficile DNA including a rapid and efficient method of DNA extraction and a scheme for organizing unique...

Impact of prolonged incubation on disk diffusion susceptibility test results for Staphylococcus aureus.

Mulligan, M E, Citron, D M, Kwok, R Y, Wheelock, J P, Farrohi, F K, Hindler, J A, ...

Because strains of Staphylococcus aureus that are resistant to penicillinase-resistant penicillins may be difficult to detect in the clinical laboratory, a variety of changes in methodology have been...

Immunoblots and plasmid fingerprints compared with serotyping and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for typing Clostridium difficile.

Mulligan, M E, Peterson, L R, Kwok, R Y, Clabots, C R, Gerding, D N

Two new methods for typing Clostridium difficile, immunoblotting and plasmid fingerprinting, were compared with serotyping and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Of these methods,...

Immunoblots, antimicrobial resistance, and bacteriophage typing of oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Mulligan, M E, Kwok, R Y, Citron, D M, John, J F, Smith, P B

An immunoblotting system was developed for typing of oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Clinical isolates recovered during a 40-month period at a single institution were evaluated with this...

Bacteroides gracilis, an important anaerobic bacterial pathogen.

Johnson, C C, Reinhardt, J F, Edelstein, M A, Mulligan, M E, George, W L, Finegold, S M

Clinical isolates of agar-pitting, formate-fumarate-requiring, anaerobic gram-negative bacilli were recharacterized in consideration of the species descriptions of Bacteroides ureolyticus and the...

Failure of rapid agglutination methods to detect oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Ruane, P J, Morgan, M A, Citron, D M, Mulligan, M E

Although a latex agglutination test (StaphAurex) and a hemagglutination test (Staphyloslide) correctly identified all strains of Staphylococcus aureus that were susceptible or had intermediate...

Escherichia coli promoter sequences predict in vitro RNA polymerase selectivity.

Mulligan, M E, Hawley, D K, Entriken, R, McClure, W R

We describe a simple algorithm for computing a homology score for Escherichia coli promoters based on DNA sequence alone. The homology score was related to 31 values, measured in vitro, of RNA...

Analysis of the occurrence of promoter-sites in DNA.

Mulligan, M E, McClure, W R

We show that the occurrence and homology score (1) of promoter-sites in DNA depends upon the base composition of the DNA. We used simple probability theory to calculate the mean homology score...