Marco, F., Lockhart, S. R., Pfaller, M. A., Pujol, C., Rangel-Frausto, M. S., Wiblin, T., ...
Computer-assisted DNA fingerprinting with the complex probe Ca3 has been used to analyze the relatedness of isolates collected from individuals with nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSIs) and...
Bilateral Pulmonary Aspergilloma Caused by an Atypical Isolate of Aspergillus terreus
Khan, Z. U., Kortom, M., Marouf, R., Chandy, R., Rinaldi, M. G., Sutton, D. A.
A case of bilateral pulmonary aspergilloma caused by an atypical isolate of Aspergillus terreus is described. The diagnosis was established by the presence of septate, dichotomously branched fungal...
Quality Control Limits for Broth Microdilution Susceptibility Tests of Ten Antifungal Agents
Barry, A. L., Pfaller, M. A., Brown, S. D., Espinel-Ingroff, A., Ghannoum, M. A., Knapp, C., ...
Broth microdilution susceptibility tests of Candida species have now been standardized by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). An eight-laboratory collaborative study was...
Al-Mohsen, I. Z., Sutton, D. A., Sigler, L., Almodovar, E., Mahgoub, N., Frayha, H., ...
A 12-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was referred to King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center. The diagnosis without central nervous system (CNS) involvement was confirmed...
Richter, S., Cormican, M. G., Pfaller, M. A., Lee, C. K., Gingrich, R., Rinaldi, M. G., ...
Trichoderma longibrachiatum was recovered from stool surveillance cultures and a perirectal ulcer biopsy specimen from a 29-year-old male who had received an allogeneic bone marrow transplant for...
In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Nikkomycin Z in Combination with Fluconazole or Itraconazole
Nikkomycins are nucleoside-peptide antibiotics produced by Streptomyces species with antifungal activities through the inhibition of chitin synthesis. We investigated the antifungal activities of...
Odds, F. C., Van Gerven, F., Espinel-Ingroff, A., Bartlett, M. S., Ghannoum, M. A., Lancaster, M. V., ...
Nine isolates of filamentous fungi previously tested in 11 different laboratories for their susceptibilities to amphotericin B and itraconazole in vitro were injected intravenously into mice and...
Espinel-Ingroff, A., Fothergill, A., Peter, J., Rinaldi, M. G., Walsh, T. J.
Standard conditions are not available for evaluating the minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) of antifungal agents. This multicenter collaborative study investigated the reproducibility in three...
Espinel-Ingroff, A., Chaturvedi, V., Fothergill, A., Rinaldi, M. G.
This collaborative three-center study evaluated NCCLS M38-A document testing conditions and other testing conditions for the antifungal susceptibility testing of 35 isolates of Aspergillus nidulans,...
Evaluation of SCH51048 in an experimental model of pulmonary aspergillosis.
Allendoerfer, R, Loebenberg, D, Rinaldi, M G, Graybill, J R
The efficacy of a novel triazole, SCH51048, was assessed with a murine model of pulmonary aspergillosis and was compared with those of SCH39304 and itraconazole. A wide range of doses of SCH51048 (5...
Walsh, T J, Peter, J, McGough, D A, Fothergill, A W, Rinaldi, M G, Pizzo, P A
In order to develop new approaches to treatment of infections due to Pseudallescheria boydii, the in vitro antifungal activity of amphotericin B alone and in combination with miconazole,...
Nguyen, M H, Barchiesi, F, McGough, D A, Yu, V L, Rinaldi, M G
Amphotericin B and fluconazole are current acceptable therapies for cryptococcal meningitis; however, their effect remains suboptimal. The combination of fluconazole and flucytosine has yielded...
Bleomycin therapy of experimental disseminated candidiasis in mice.
Graybill, J R, Bocanegra, R, Fothergill, A, Rinaldi, M G
Bleomycin, an antineoplastic agent, was found to be very effective in vitro against a variety of fungi, including Candida albicans. Mice were infected with C. albicans intravenously and then treated...
Barchiesi, F, Najvar, L K, Luther, M F, Scalise, G, Rinaldi, M G, Graybill, J R
Four strains of Candida albicans, isolated from two patients with AIDS who had undergone prolonged fluconazole therapy for oral candidiasis, were studied in a model of disseminated murine...
Effect of fluconazole on fungicidal activity of flucytosine in murine cryptococcal meningitis.
Larsen, R A, Bauer, M, Weiner, J M, Diamond, D M, Leal, M E, Ding, J C, ...
Both animal and in vitro studies have demonstrated that combinations of flucytosine with amphotericin B and with fluconazole have significantly improved activity against cryptococcal meningitis...
Systemic availability of itraconazole in lung transplantation.
Patterson, T F, Peters, J, Levine, S M, Anzueto, A, Bryan, C L, Sako, E Y, ...
Systemic availability of itraconazole in lung transplantation was evaluated by serially measuring the bioactivity of itraconazole in lung transplant patients who received itraconazole for prophylaxis...
Anaissie, E J, Paetznick, V L, Ensign, L G, Espinel-Ingroff, A, Galgiani, J N, Hitchcock, C A, ...
The growth patterns observed in the trailing wells when fluconazole is being tested may give rise to readings that suggest resistance or increased MICs for known susceptible strains. We conducted a...
Fluconazole tolerance in clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans.
Venkateswarlu, K, Taylor, M, Manning, N J, Rinaldi, M G, Kelly, S L
Eleven isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans were investigated to determine the biochemical basis of their tolerance to fluconazole. The MICs of fluconazole for three isolates with low-level resistance...
In vitro evaluation of voriconazole against some clinically important fungi.
McGinnis, M R, Pasarell, L, Sutton, D A, Fothergill, A W, Cooper, C R, Rinaldi, M G
Voriconazole was compared to amphotericin B, fluconazole, and itraconazole by using an in vitro macrobroth dilution test based upon current National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards...
Kobayashi, G S, Travis, S J, Rinaldi, M G, Medoff, G
The antifungal activities of amphotericin B and two triazoles, Sch 39304 and fluconazole, were tested against Histoplasma capsulatum. In this study Sch 39304 compared favorably with amphotericin B in...
Penetration of SCH-39304, a new antifungal triazole, into cerebrospinal fluid of primates.
Walsh, T J, Lester-McCully, C, Rinaldi, M G, Wallace, J E, Balis, F M, Lee, J W, ...
We characterized the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) penetration and pharmacokinetics of SCH-39304 in adult rhesus monkeys receiving a single oral dose of SCH-39304 (2.0 mg/kg of body weight). The mean...
Collaborative investigation of variables in susceptibility testing of yeasts.
Pfaller, M A, Rinaldi, M G, Galgiani, J N, Bartlett, M S, Body, B A, Espinel-Ingroff, A, ...
A multicenter study was performed to evaluate the effect of medium, incubation time (24 and 48 h), and temperature (30 and 35 degrees C) on intra- and interlaboratory variations in MICs of...
Harris, S C, Wallace, J E, Foulds, G, Rinaldi, M G
A megabore column gas-liquid chromatographic method which uses nitrogen-phosphorus detection was developed for the analysis of fluconazole in plasma, serum, cerebrospinal fluid, or urine. The assay...
Pharmacokinetics of itraconazole following oral administration to normal volunteers.
Hardin, T C, Graybill, J R, Fetchick, R, Woestenborghs, R, Rinaldi, M G, Kuhn, J G
The pharmacokinetics of itraconazole, an orally effective, broad-spectrum, systemic antifungal agent, were evaluated in five healthy male volunteers. Each subject was studied on days 1 and 15 at the...
Identification of Exophiala mesophila Isolated from Treated Dental Unit Waterlines
Porteous, N. B., Grooters, A. M., Redding, S. W., Thompson, E. H., Rinaldi, M. G., De Hoog, G. S., ...
Members of the genus Exophiala are often difficult to identify to the species level because of their variable morphological appearances. This paper describes the methods used to identify Exophiala...
Casadevall, A, Spitzer, E D, Webb, D, Rinaldi, M G
Amphotericin B and fluconazole susceptibilities of 13 Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from five patients with recurrent cryptococcal meningitis were determined. For each patient, serial isolates...
Wingard, J R, Merz, W G, Rinaldi, M G, Miller, C B, Karp, J E, Saral, R
Because the use of fluconazole prophylaxis had been associated with an increased rate of Candida krusei infections at The John Hopkins Oncology Center, early empiric amphotericin B plus flucytosine...
Berenguer, J, Ali, N M, Allende, M C, Lee, J, Garrett, K, Battaglia, S, ...
Itraconazole and amphotericin B were compared by using a newly developed model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in rabbits immunosuppressed with methylprednisolone and cyclosporin A (CsA). Both...
Barchiesi, F, Colombo, A L, McGough, D A, Fothergill, A W, Rinaldi, M G
We investigated the in vitro activity of a new antifungal triazole, D0870, against 100 Candida albicans isolates from the oral cavities of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus by using...
Allendoerfer, R, Yates, R R, Marquis, A J, Loebenberg, D, Rinaldi, M G, Graybill, J R
SCH 39304 (304) and its isomers, SCH 42426 (426) and SCH 42427 (427), are new orally administered antifungal azole derivatives. In this study, we compared the efficacy of 304 with that of 426 and 427...
Assay of fluconazole by high-performance liquid chromatography with a mixed-phase column.
Wallace, J E, Harris, S C, Gallegos, J, Foulds, G, Chen, T J, Rinaldi, M G
A mixed-phase liquid chromatographic column was used to assay fluconazole in plasma, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid. The assay was linear from 0.2 to 20 micrograms/ml, with an average coefficient of...
Use of high-dose fluconazole as salvage therapy for cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS.
Berry, A J, Rinaldi, M G, Graybill, J R
Eight patients with AIDS were treated orally with 800 mg of fluconazole daily for cryptococcal meningitis for a mean duration of 4.5 months. Previous antifungal treatment had failed for all of the...
Standardized susceptibility testing of fluconazole: an international collaborative study.
Pfaller, M A, Dupont, B, Kobayashi, G S, Müller, J, Rinaldi, M G, Espinel-Ingroff, A, ...
An international collaborative study of broth dilution (MIC) and disk diffusion susceptibility testing of fluconazole was conducted by using a chemically defined medium (High-Resolution Antifungal...
Efficacy of itraconazole solution in a rabbit model of invasive aspergillosis.
Patterson, T F, Fothergill, A W, Rinaldi, M G
The efficacy of an itraconazole-cyclodextrin solution against Aspergillus fumigatus was assessed in an immunosuppressed, temporarily leukopenic rabbit model of invasive aspergillosis and compared...
Colombo, A L, Barchiesi, F, McGough, D A, Rinaldi, M G
The use of Etest strips for antimicrobial susceptibility testing is a new and promising method with broad applications in microbiology. Since these strips contain a predefined continuous gradient of...
Disseminated Microascus cirrosus infection in pediatric bone marrow transplant recipient.
Krisher, K K, Holdridge, N B, Mustafa, M M, Rinaldi, M G, McGough, D A
Microascus cirrosus Curzi and its associated anamorphic state, Scopulariopsis, were recovered from the cutaneous lesion of a 12-year-old male who had undergone an autologous bone marrow...
Pfaller, M A, Bale, M, Buschelman, B, Lancaster, M, Espinel-Ingroff, A, Rex, J H, ...
Amphotericin B, fluconazole, and flucytosine (5FC) were tested in a multilaboratory study to establish quality control (QC) guidelines for yeast antifungal susceptibility testing. Ten candidate QC...
Three distinct genotypes within Candida parapsilosis from clinical sources.
Lin, D, Wu, L C, Rinaldi, M G, Lehmann, P F
Three genetically distinct groups of Candida parapsilosis were detected among clinical isolates. These were distinguishable on the basis of isoenzyme profiles and DNA sequences of internally...
To, W K, Fothergill, A W, Rinaldi, M G
A comparative evaluation of the macrodilution method and the Alamar colorimetric method for the susceptibility testing of amphotericin B, fluconazole, and flucytosine was conducted with 134...
Fatal cerebral mycoses caused by the ascomycete Chaetomium strumarium.
Abbott, S P, Sigler, L, McAleer, R, McGough, D A, Rinaldi, M G, Mizell, G
Three cases of fatal cerebral mycosis in males with prior histories of intravenous drug use from the United States and Australia are reported. Infection in each case was limited to brain abscess; no...
Primary invasive cutaneous Microsporum canis infections in immunocompromised patients.
King, D, Cheever, L W, Hood, A, Horn, T D, Rinaldi, M G, Merz, W G
Two cases of primary invasive cutaneous infections caused by the zoophilic dermatophytic species Microsporum canis are presented. The first case occurred in a liver transplant recipient who was...
Rex, J H, Pfaller, M A, Lancaster, M, Odds, F C, Bolmström, A, Rinaldi, M G
Ketoconazole and itraconazole were tested in a multilaboratory study to establish quality control (QC) guidelines for yeast antifungal susceptibility testing. Two isolates that had been previously...
Dib, J C, Dube, M, Kelly, C, Rinaldi, M G, Patterson, J E
Nosocomial infections with Candida species have emerged as an increasingly important cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care units. Ten Candida rugosa isolates from a previously documented...
DNA fingerprinting of Candida rugosa via repetitive sequence-based PCR.
Redkar, R J, Dubé, M P, McCleskey, F K, Rinaldi, M G, Del Vecchio, V G
A repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) technique was developed to characterize the genotypic relatedness among Candida rugosa isolates. Two repetitive sequences, viz., Care-2 and Com29 from...
Simple method for detecting fluconazole-resistant yeasts with chromogenic agar.
Patterson, T F, Revankar, S G, Kirkpatrick, W R, Dib, O, Fothergill, A W, Redding, S W, ...
A method for detecting fluconazole-resistant yeasts was developed that uses chromogenic agar containing fluconazole. Yeasts were plated on media with fluconazole at 0, 8, and 16 micrograms/ml. On...
Cokeromyces recurvatus isolated from pleural and peritoneal fluid: case report.
Munipalli, B, Rinaldi, M G, Greenberg, S B
The zygomycetous mold Cokeromyces recurvatus was isolated from the pleural and peritoneal fluids of a 64-year-old man with a history of peptic ulcer disease and alcohol abuse. The patient presented...
Patterson, T F, Kirkpatrick, W R, Revankar, S G, McAtee, R K, Fothergill, A W, McCarthy, D I, ...
A simple screening method for fluconazole susceptibility using CHROMagar Candida with fluconazole was compared with the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) macrobroth method....
Espinel-Ingroff, A, Bartlett, M, Bowden, R, Chin, N X, Cooper, C, Fothergill, A, ...
A multicenter study was conducted to expand the generation and analysis of data that supports the proposal of a reference method for the antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi. Broth...
Odds, F C, Rinaldi, M G, Cooper, C R, Fothergill, A, Pasarell, L, McGinnis, M R
Seventy yeast isolates representing species in the genera Candida and Torulopsis but excluding Candida albicans were examined in three laboratories for production of pseudohyphae in Dalmau cultures....
Sigler, L, Summerbell, R C, Poole, L, Wieden, M, Sutton, D A, Rinaldi, M G, ...
We report on a case of subcutaneous infection of the arm caused by the coelomycetous fungus Nattrassia mangiferae (formerly Hendersonula toruloidea) in a steroid-dependent diabetic man with chronic...
Trichoderma longibrachiatum infection in a pediatric patient with aplastic anemia.
Munoz, F M, Demmler, G J, Travis, W R, Ogden, A K, Rossmann, S N, Rinaldi, M G
Trichoderma longibrachiatum infection of the skin in an 11-year-old child with severe aplastic anemia and prolonged neutropenia is reported. The patient received systemic antifungal therapy and...
An aberrant variant of Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum.
Sutton, D A, Padhye, A A, Standard, P G, Rinaldi, M G
We studied an aberrant culture of Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum isolated from synovial fluid collected from the right elbow of a patient from Kansas. Colonies on Sabouraud glucose agar and...
Redding, S W, Pfaller, M A, Messer, S A, Smith, J A, Prows, J, Bradley, L L, ...
Five Candida albicans colonies from each infection in AIDS patients receiving fluconazole therapy for oropharyngeal candidiasis over a 2-year period were evaluated by antifungal susceptibility...
High-dose itraconazole in the treatment of severe mycoses.
Sharkey, P K, Rinaldi, M G, Dunn, J F, Hardin, T C, Fetchick, R J, Graybill, J R
Eight patients with systemic mycoses and with prior treatment failures were treated with itraconazole (600 mg/day) for a mean duration of 5.5 months. All six patients without AIDS experienced...
Combined therapy with fluconazole and flucytosine in murine cryptococcal meningitis.
Allendoerfer, R, Marquis, A J, Rinaldi, M G, Graybill, J R
To assess the possible beneficial effects of combined therapy (fluconazole and flucytosine) in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in the immunocompromised host, we compared therapy with...
Treatment of murine cryptococcal meningitis with an SCH 39304-amphotericin B combination.
Albert, M M, Graybill, J R, Rinaldi, M G
Cryptococcal meningitis was induced in BALB/c mice by intracerebral infection with Cryptococcus neoformans. Drug therapy was initiated 1 day later, with mice receiving amphotericin B (AMB), SCH...
Hardin, T C, Sharkey, P K, Lam, Y F, Wallace, J E, Rinaldi, M G, Graybill, J R
The pharmacokinetics of SCH-39304, an investigational, orally active, broad-spectrum antifungal agent, were evaluated in 17 adult, human immunodeficiency virus-positive males. Patients were studied...
Exophiala oligosperma Causing Olecranon Bursitis
Bossler, A. D., Richter, S. S., Chavez, A. J., Vogelgesang, S. A., Sutton, D. A., Grooters, A. M., ...
A 62-year-old male with a history of Wegener's granulomatosis and immunosuppressive therapy presented with chronic olecranon bursitis. A black velvety mould with brown septate hyphae and tapered...
Pfaller, M A, Rhine-Chalberg, J, Redding, S W, Smith, J, Farinacci, G, Fothergill, A W, ...
DNA subtyping by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and in vitro susceptibility testing were used to study strain variation and fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans isolates from patients with...