M. John Albert

The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and carriage of virulence genes in Staphylococcus aureusisolated from food handlers in Kuwait City restaurants (2009)

Udo, Edet E, Al-Mufti, Siham, Albert, M John

Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of food poisoning due to their ability to produce enterotoxins which if ingested in sufficient amounts results in sickness. Food handlers...

Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coliare not a significant cause of diarrhoea in hospitalised children in Kuwait (2009)

Albert, M John, Rotimi, Vincent O, Dhar, Rita, Silpikurian, Susan, Pacsa, Alexander S, Molla, A Majid, ...

Abstract Background The importance of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) infections in the Arabian Gulf including Kuwait is not known. The prevalence of DEC (enterotoxigenic [ETEC],...

Clonal groups of enteropathogenic escherichia coli isolated in case-control studies on diarrhoea in Bangladesh (2007)

Nahar, S., Byun, R., Katouli, M., Kuhn, I., Ansaruzzaman, M., Albert, M. John, ...

Objective: Investigate the clonal status of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) strains isolated from case-control studies in Bangladesh. Methodology: Eighty EPEC isolates from children with...

Molecular Analysis of Shigella dysenteriae Type 1 Strains by Using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (2007)

Talukder, K.A ., Albert, M. John

Objective: Determine the use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) in molecu [ar typing of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 strains from sporadic outbreaks and epidemic periods from different...

Molecular analysis of toxigenic vibrio cholerae strains isolated in Bangladesh during 1961-1996: relationship between continual emergence of new toxigenic clones and epidemics of cholera (2007)

Faruque, Shah M., Siddique, A.K., Mekalanos, John, Albert, M.John

Objective: Analyze virulence-associated genes, and study clonal relationships among toxigenic Vibrio cholerae strains isolated in Bangladesh during 1961-1996 to establish whether seasonal epidemics...

Production, characterization and immunodiagnostic application of a monoclonal antibody to shiga toxin (2007)

Qadri, Firdausi, Mohi, M. Golam, Azim, Tasnim, Faruque, Shah M., Albert, M. John

A mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb ICT7) that is specific for Shiga toxin was produced. The MAb neutralises the cytotoxic effects of both purified Shiga toxin and culture extracts of Shigella...

Campylobacter jejuni bacteraemia in children with diarrhoea in Bangladesh: report of six cases (2007)

Hossain, Muhammad Anowar, Kabir, Iqbal, Albert, M. John, Kibriya, AKMG, Alam, Khorshed, Alam, A.N.

Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from blood cultures bom 6 of 6»27S diarrhoea! children seeking treatment at the Clinical Research Centre of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease...

Epithelial cell invasiveness of non-enteropathogenic serotypes of escherichia coli (2007)

Albert, M. John, Ansaruzzaman, M., Bhuiya, N.A.

Current evidence suggests that cntcropathogcnic Escherichia coli (EPEC) of traditional serotypes possess a three-stage pathogcnesis: localised adherence (LA) to, attachment-ef-facement (AE) of, and...

Evaluation of a DNA probe to identify enteroaggregative escherichia coli from children with diarrhoea in Bangladesh (2007)

Faruque, Shah M., Haider, Khaleda, Rahman, M. Monzur, Baqui, Abdullah H., Ahmad, Qazi S., ...

Six hundred and seventy-five Escherichia coti isolates obtained from 225 diarrhoeal children less than five years of age were tested for adherence to HeLa cells and for hybridisation with DNA probes...

Aetiology of diarrhoea in a birth cohort of children aged 0-2 Year(s) in rural Mirzapur, Bangladesh (2007)

Hasan, Khundkar Z., Pathela, Preeti, Alam, Korshed, Podder, Goutam, Faruque, Shah M., Roy, Eliza, ...

The incidence of aetiology-specific diarrhoea and the pathogenicity of infectious agents in a birth cohort (n=252) in rural Bangladesh were determined. Stool specimens or rectal swabs were collected...

Survival of Shigella dysenteriae Type 1 on Fomites (2007)

Islam, Md. Sirajul, Hossain, M.A, Khan, S.I., Khan, M.N.H., Sack, R.B., Albert, M.John, ...

Studies have shown that various objects, such as utensils, toys,a nd clothes, can serve as vehicles for transmission of Shigella spp. Shigellae can become viable but non-culturable (VBNC)when exposed...

Differentiation of vibrio cholerae O1 isolates with biochemical fingerprinting and comparison with ribotyping (2007)

Ansaruzzaman, M., Albert, M. John, Kuhn, I., Faruque, S.M., Siddique, A.K., Mollby, R.

The Phene Plate (PhP) system is a commercially available typing system based on the measurements of kinetics of selected biochemical reactions of bacteria grown in liquid medium in 96-well...

Aetiology of Diarrhoea in a Birth Cohort of Children Aged 0-2 Year(s) in Rural Mirzapur, Bangladesh (2006)

Khundkar Z. Hasan, Preeti Pathela, Korshed Alam, Goutam Podder, Shah M. Faruque, Eliza Roy, ...

The incidence of aetiology-specific diarrhoea and the pathogenicity of infectious agents in a birth cohort (n=252) in rural Bangladesh were determined. Stool specimens or rectal swabs were collected...

Prevalence of enterotoxin genes in Aeromonas spp. isolated from children with diarrhea, healthy controls, and the environment (2000)

Albert, M. John, Ansaruzzaman, M., Talukder, Kaisar A., Chopra, Ashok K., Kuhn, Inger, Rahman, Motiur, ...

Aeromonads are causative agents of a number of human infections. Even though aeromonads have been isolated from patients suffering from diarrhea, their etiological role in gastroenteritis is unclear....

Investigation of the role of type IV Aeromonas pilus (Tap) in the pathogenesis of Aeromonas gastrointestinal infection (2000)

Kirov, Sylvia M., Barnett, Timothy C., Pepe, Cynthia M., Strom, Mark S., Albert, M. John

Although there is substantial evidence that type IV pili purified from diarrhea-associated Aeromonas species (designated Bfp for bundle-forming pilus) are intestinal colonization factors (S. M....

Identification of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli harboring longus type IV pilus gene by DNA amplification (2000)

Gutierrez-Cazarez, Zita, Qadri, Firdausi, Albert, M. John, Giron, Jorge A.

DNA amplification of lngA, the structural gene of longus type IV pilus produced by human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was achieved by the use of specific oligonucleotide primers designed...

Susceptibility of Vibrio cholerae O139 to antibody-dependent, complement-mediated bacteriolysis (2000)

Attridge, Stephen R., Qadri, Firdause, Albert, M. John, Manning, Paul A.

Volunteer studies with Vibrio cholerae O1 have shown that the best correlate of a vaccine's protective efficacy is its propensity to elicit serum bactericidal responses in its recipients. Attempts to...

Pandemic spread of an O3:K6 clone of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and emergence of related strains evidenced by arbitrarily primed PCR and toxRS sequence analyses (2000)

Matsumoto, Chiho, Okuda, Jun, Ishibashi, Masanori, Iwanaga, Masaaki, Garg, Pallavi, Rammamurthy, Thandavarayn, ...

Vibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 strains responsible for the increase in the number of cases of diarrhea in Calcutta, India, beginning in February 1996 and those isolated from Southeast Asian travelers...

PCR detection, characterization, and distribution of virulence genes in Aeromonas spp (1999)

Kingombe, Cesar Isigidi Bin, Huys, Geert, Tonolla, Mauro, Albert, M. John, Swings, Jean, Peduzzi, Raffaele, ...

We found 73.1 to 96.9% similarity by aligning the cytolytic enterotoxin gene of Aeromonas hydrophila SSU (AHCYTOEN; GenBank accession no. M84709) against aerolysin genes of Aeromonas spp., suggesting...

Case-control study of enteropathogens associated with childhood diarrhea in Dhaka, Bangladesh (1999)

Albert, M. John, Faruque, A.S.G., Faruque, S.M., Sack, RB, Mahalanabis, Dilip

The International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, is a major center for research into diarrheal diseases. The center treats more than 100,000 patients a year. To obtain useful...

Lipopolysaccharide- and cholera toxin-specific subclass distribution of B-cell responses in cholera (1999)

Qadri, Firdausi, Ahmed, Firoz, Karim, M. Manjurul, Wenneras, Christine, Begum, Yasmin Ara, Abdus, Salam Mohammad, ...

The immunoglobulin subclass responses to homologous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to cholera toxin (CT) in adult patients infected with Vibrio cholerae O1 and V. cholerae O139 were studied....

Immune response of children who develop persistent diarrhea following rotavirus infection (1999)

Azim, Tasnim, Ahmad, S. Meshabahuddin, Sarker, M. Safiullah, Unicomb, Leanne E., De, Soma, ...

A prospective study was conducted with Bangladeshi children with rotavirus (RV) diarrhea to assess whether nutritional and clinical parameters, RV serotypes, levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor...

Short-chain fatty acids inhibit fluid and electrolyte loss induced by cholera toxin in proximal colon of rabbit in vivo (1999)

Rabbani, G.H., Albert, M. John, Rahman, Hamidur, Chowdhury, Asis Kumar

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), acetate, propionate, and butyrate, are produced by bacterial fermentation in the colon and stimulate Na+ and Cl- absorption. We have studied the effects of SCFA on...

Evidence of high-frequency genomic reassortment of group A rotavirus strains in Bangladesh: emergence of type G9 in 1995 (1999)

Unicomb, Leanne E., Podder, Goutam, Gentsch, Jon R., Woods, Patricia A., Hasan, K. Zahid, Faruque, A.S.G., ...

We characterized 1,534 rotavirus (RV) strains collected in Bangladesh from 1992 to 1997 to assess temporal changes in G type and to study the most common G and P types using reverse...

Molecular characterization of a new ribotype of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal associated with an outbreak of cholera in Bangladesh (1999)

Faruque, Shah M., Siddique, A.K., Saha, MN, Rahman, M. Mostafizur, Zaman, K., ...

Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal initially appeared in the southern coastal region of Bangladesh and spread northward, causing explosive epidemics during 1992 and 1993. The resurgence of V. cholerae O139...

Antimicrobial susceptibilities and plasmid contents of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from commercial sex workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh: emergence of high-level resistance to ciprofloxacin (1999)

Bhuiyan, Bahar Uddin, Rahman, Motiur, Miah, Mohammed Ruhul, Nahar, Shamsun, Islam, Nazrul, Ahmed, Monira, ...

Commercial sex workers (CSWs) serve as the most important reservoir of sexually transmitted diseases (STD), including gonorrhea. Periodic monitoring of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of...

Phagocytosis of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (1999)

Albert, M. John, Qadri, Fiedausi, Bhuiyan, Nurul A., Ahmad, Shaikh M., Ansaruzzaman, M., Weintraub, Andrej

Capsulated bacteria exhibit serum (complement) resistance and resistance to phagocytosis, which result in disseminated infections. Vibrio cholerae O139 strains possess a thin capsule and have been...

Evaluation of serology, 13C-urea breath test, and polymerase chain reaction of stool samples to detect Helicobacter pylori in Bangladeshi children (1999)

Casswall, Thomas H., Nilsson, Hans-Olof, Bergstrom, Mats, Aleljung, Par, Wadstrom, Torkel, Dahlstrom, Anders K., ...

Serologic methods to detect Helicobacter pylori in infants, especially in developing countries, may be limited because of decreased immune response caused by malnutrition. The true prevalence may...

Analysis of clinical and environmental strains of nontoxigenic Vibrio cholerae for susceptibility to CTXPhi: molecular basis for origination of new strains with epidemic potential (1998)

Faruque, Shah M., Saha, Manujendra N., Albert, M. John, Islam, K.M. Nasirul, ...

Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae strains are lysogens of CTXPhi, a filamentous phage which encodes cholera toxin. The receptor for CTXPhi for invading V. cholerae cells is the toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP),...

Epidemiology, genetics, and ecology of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae (1998)

Faruque, Shah M., Albert, M. John, Mekalanos, John J.

Cholera caused by toxigenic Vibrio cholerae is a major public health problem confronting developing countries, where outbreaks occur in a regular seasonal pattern and are particularly associated with...

Successful treatment of rotavirus diarrhea in children with immunoglobulin from immunized bovine colostrum (1998)

Sarker, Shafiqul A., Casswall, Thomas H., Mahalanabis, Dilip, Alam, Nur H., Albert, M. John, Brüssow, Harald, ...

Oral ingestion of immunoglobulins in humans has been shown to be effective as prophylaxis against enteric infections. However, its therapeutic effect in children with infectious diarrhea has hitherto...

Induction of the lysogenic phage encoding cholera toxin in naturally occurring strains of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 (1998)

Faruque, Shah M., Albert, M. John, Islam, K.M. Nasirul, Mekalanos, John J.

In toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, the CTX genetic element which carries the genes for cholera toxin (CT) is the genome of a lysogenic bacteriophage (CTXPhi). Clinical and environmental strains of V....

Astrovirus infection in association with acute, persistent and nosocomial diarrhea in Bangladesh (1998)

Unicomb, Leanne E., Banu, Nurun Nahar, Azim, Tasnim, Islam, Asma, Bardhan, P.K., Faruque, A.S.G., ...

Diarrhea is an important public health concern in developing countries such as Bangladesh. Diarrhea in children that persists for 14 days or more occurs in 7% of patients in Bangladesh and frequently...

Enteric infections in an endemic area induce a circulating antibody-secreting cell response with homing potentials to both mucosal and systemic tissues (1998)

Qadri, Firdausi, Mäkelä, P. Helena, Holmgren, Jan, Albert, M. John, Mannoor, Kaiissar, Kantele, Anu, ...

Enteric infections induce a response of circulating pathogen-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASC). The expression of homing receptors (HRs) on these cells was studied in patients with diarrhea...

Increasing frequency of mecillinam-resistant shigella isolates in urban Dhaka and rural Matlab, Bangladesh: a 6 year observation (1998)

Hossain, M. Anowar, Rahman, M., Ahmed, Q.S., Malek, M.A., Sack, R. B., Albert, M. John

A total of 14,915 shigella isolates obtained in 1991-1996 from patients attending the Dhaka (urban) and Matlab (rural) treatment centres of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research,...

Association of Providencia alcalifaciens with diarrhea in children (1998)

Albert, M. John, Faruque, A.S.G., Mahalanabis, Dilip

It has been demonstrated in previous studies that Providencia alcalifaciens can produce diarrhea by an invasive mechanism. In the present study, P. alcalifaciens was isolated from the stool specimens...

Characterization of the roles of hemolysin and other toxins in enteropathy caused by alpha-hemolytic Escherichia coli linked to human diarrhea (1998)

Elliott, Simon J., Srinivas, S., Albert, M. John, Alam, Khorshed, Robins-Browne, Roy M., Gunzburg, Stuart T., ...

Escherichia coli strains producing alpha-hemolysin have been associated with diarrhea in several studies, but it has not been clearly demonstrated that these strains are enteropathogens or that...

Subclinical vitamin a deficiency in pre-school children living in urban slums of Dhaka City (1998)

Wahed, M.A., Haque, Rashidul, Talukder, Sadiqur R, Albert, M.John, Alvarez, J.O.

Objective: Assess the biochemical evidence of vitamin A deficiency in pre-school children living in the urban slums of Dhaka Methodology: To examine the separate and combined effects of low-dose...

Induction of fimbriated Vibrio cholerae O139 (1998)

Ehara, Masahiko, Iwami, Mamoru, Ichinose, Yoshio, Hirayama, Toshiya, Albert, M. John, Sack, R. Bradley, ...

Several fimbriated phases of Vibrio cholerae O139 strains were selectively induced and compared immunologically and biochemically with those of V. cholerae O1. Fimbrial antigens were detected on the...

Small bowel and fecal microbiology in children suffering from persistent diarrhea in Bangladesh (1998)

Bardhan, Pradip K., Albert, M. John, Alam, Nur H., Faruque, Shah M., Neogi, Prodyot K.B., Mahalanabis, Dilip

The etiology of persistent diarrhea in children is multifactorial. The objective of the current study was to ascertain the role of microorganisms in the etiology and pathogenesis of persistent...

Anticipating rotavirus vaccines: hospital-based surveillance for rotavirus diarrhea and estimates of disease burden in Bangladesh (1997)

Unicomb, Leanne E., Kilgore, Paul E., Faruque, A.S.G., Hamadani, Jena D., Fuchs, George J., Albert, M. John, ...

Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children worldwide, and a vaccine may soon be licensed and available for use in immunization programs. To assess the need for a rotavirus...

Phenotypic and genotypic changes in Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal (1997)

Albert, M. John, Bhuiyan, Nurul A., Talukder, Kaisar A., Faruque, A. S. G., Nahar, Shamsun, Faruque, Shah M., ...

To find reasons for the recent decline of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal cholera in Bangladesh, phenotypic and genotypic changes in O139 isolates obtained from patients with cholera from 1993 to 1996...

Comparison of immune responses in patients infected with Vibrio cholerae O139 and O1 (1997)

Qadri, Firdausi, Wennerås, Christine, Albert, M. John, Hossain, Jaber, Mannoor, Kahssar, Begum, Yasmin Ara, ...

Vibrio cholerae O139 has recently emerged as the second etiologic agent of cholera in Asia. A study was carried out to evaluate the induction of specific immune responses to the organism in V....

Molecular analysis of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal strains isolated in Bangladesh between 1993 and 1996: evidence for emergence of a new clone of the Bengal vibrios (1997)

Faruque, Shah M., Ahmed, Kazi Mokim, Siddique, A.K., Zaman, K., Albert, M. John

Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal emerged in 1992 and rapidly spread in an epidemic form, in which it replaced existing strains of V. cholerae O1 in Bangladesh during 1992 and 1993. The subsequent...

Immune response to the mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin in patients with cholera due to Vibrio cholerae O1 and O0139 (1997)

Qadri, Firdausi, Jonson, Gunhild, Begum, Yasmin Ara, Wennerås, Christine, Albert, M. John, Salam, M. Abdus, ...

The mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (MSHA) is a type 4 pilus present in Vibrio cholerae O1 strains of the El Tor biotype, as well as in strains of serogroup O139. It has been shown to be a...

Emergence of a new clone of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor displacing V. cholerae O139 Bengal in Bangladesh (1997)

Faruque, Shah M., Ahmed, Kazi Mokim, Qadri, Firdausi, Siddique, A.K., Albert, M. John

The emergence of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal in 1993, its rapid spread in an epidemic form, in which it replaced existing strains of V. cholerae O1 during 1992 and 1993, and the subsequent...

Characterization of Aeromonas spp. isolated from humans with diarrhea, from healthy controls, and from surface water in Bangladesh (1997)

Kühn, Inger, Albert, M. John, Ansaruzzaman, M., Bhuiyan, N.A., Alabi, S.A., Islam, M.S., ...

Aeromonas isolates from patients with diarrhea in Bangladesh (n = 69), from healthy controls (n = 11), and from surface water (n = 40) were analyzed with respect to their hybridization groups (HGs)...

The role of food in the epidemiology of cholera (1997)

Albert, M. John, Neira, Maria, Motarjemi, Yasmine

Cholera is an acute dehydrating diarrhoeal disease, traditionally caused by vibrio cholerae O1, and also more recently by V. cholerae O139 (Bengal). Traditionally, water was recognized as the primary...

Sociodemographic, hygienic and nutritional correlates of Helicobacter pylori infection of young Bangladeshi children (1996)

Clemens, John, Albert, M. John, Rao, Malla, Huda, Shamsul, Qadri, Firdausi, ...

By the age of 10 years most children in developing countries have been infected by Helicobacter pylori Identification of clues to modes of transmission of this organism to children, as well as...

Lipopolysaccharide-specific antibodies in plasma and stools of children with Shigella-associated leukemoid reaction and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (1996)

Azim, Tasnim, Qadri, Fiedausi, Ahmed, Sharmeen, Sarker, M. Safiullah, Halder, Ramesh C., Hamadani, Jena, ...

Antibody responses to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of shigellae were compared between children with uncomplicated and complicated Shigella dysenteriae 1 infection. One hundred fifteen children...

Monoclonal antibodies to the enterotoxin of Bacteroides fragilis: production, characterization, and immunodiagnostic application (1996)

Qadri, Firdausi, Mohi, M. Golam, Chowdhury, Ashrafuzzamn, Alam, Khorshid, Azim, Tasnim, Sears, Cynthia, ...

A monoclonal antibody, ICT11, specific for the toxin of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) neutralized the cytotoxic effect of the toxin on human colonic cell line HT-29/C1. In an evaluation...

Neonatal rotavirus infection in Bangladesh: strain characterization and risk factors for nosocomial infection (1996)

Kilgore, Paul E., Unicomb, Leanne E., Gentsch, Jon R., Albert, M. John, McElroy, Charles A., Glass, Roger I.

Rotavirus (RV) diarrhea is an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh and is responsible for 24% of hospital admissions for diarrhea in children from 3 months to 2 years of...

Serum antibacterial and antitoxin responses in clinical cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal and evaluation of their importance in protection (1996)

Nandy, R.K., Albert, M. John, Ghose, A.C.

Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal strain was the causative agent of the recent epidemics of cholera in India and Bangladesh. We studied antibacterial and antitoxin immune responses in acute and...

Clinical features, antimicrobial susceptibility and toxin production in Vibrio cholerae O139 infection: comparison with V. cholerae O1 infection (1996)

Dhar, Ujjwal, Bennish, Michael L., Khan, Wasif Ali, Seas, Carllos, Huq, Eradul Khan, Albert, M. John, ...

We prospectively compared the clinical features of cholera due to Vibrio cholerae O1 and V. cholerae O139 in 242 men 18-60 years of age, with a history of diarrhoea of 24 h or less, and moderate or...

Epidemiology & molecular biology of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal (1996)

Albert, M. John

The emergence of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal as the second aetiologic agent of epidemic cholera in October 1992 in the south Indian coastal city of Madras has shattered the long-held notion that only...

Demonstration of a lack of synergistic effect of rotavirus with other diarrheal pathogens on severity of diarrhea in children (1996)

Unicomb, Leanne E., Faruque, Shah M., Malek, M.A., Faruque, A.S.G., Albert, M.John

The severity of group A rotavirus (RV) diarrhea was compared with that of mixed infections of RV with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae O1, and Shigella species by a scoring system. The...

Simple differentiation of Vibrio cholerae O139 from V. cholerae O1 and non-O1, non-O139 by modified CAMP test (1996)

Lesmana, Murad, Albert, M. John, Subekti, Decy, Richie, Emily, Tjaniadi, Periska, Walz, Stephen E., ...

Strong positive CAMP reactions were demonstrated by 121 Vibrio cholerae O139 and 504 El Tor isolates, and weak positive CAMP reactions were shown by 235 non-O1, non O139 isolates when these isolates...

Alterations in lymphocyte phenotype and function in children with shigellosis who develop complications (1996)

Azim, Tasnim, Sarker, Mohammed S., Hamadani, Jena, Khanum, Nargis, Halder, Ramesh C., Salam, Mohammed A., ...

This study was designed to see whether alterations occur in peripheral blood mononuclear cell phenotype and function in children with Shigella dysenteriae 1 infection with complications (leukemoid...

Changing epidemiology of cholera due to Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 Bengal in Dhaka, Bangladesh (1996)

Faruque, A.S.G., Fuchs, G.J., Albert, M. John

At the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B) Dhaka we studied the trends in cholera for the period January 1992 to May 1995. Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal emerged...

Characterization of Aeromonas trota strains that cross-react with Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal (1995)

Albert, M.John, Ansaruzzaman, M., Shimada, T., Rahman, A., Bhuiyan, N.A., Nahar, S., ...

It has previously been shown that Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal shares antigens with V. cholerae serogroups O22 and O155. We detected six surface water isolates of Aeromonas trota that agglutinated in...

Comparison of the vibriocidal antibody response in cholera due to Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal with the response in cholera due to Vibrio cholerae O1 (1995)

Qadri, Firdausi, Mohi, Golam, Hossain, Jaber, Azim, Tasnim, Khan, A.M., Salam, M.A., ...

Vibrio cholerae serogroup O139, now considered to be the second organism capable of causing epidemic severe dehydrating cholera, contains a capsular polysaccharide which makes it difficult for it to...

Development of an improved animal model of shigellosis in the adult rabbit by colonic infection with Shigella flexneri 2a (1995)

Rabbani, G.H., Albert, M. John, Rahman, Hamidur, Islam, Moyenul, Mahalanabis, Dilip, Kabir, I., ...

Rabbits are not usually susceptible to intestinal Shigella infection without extensive pretreatment, including starvation and administration of antimicrobial, antimotility, and toxic agents (carbon...

Characterization of Vibrio cgolerae non-O1 serogroups obtained from an outbreak of diarrhea in Lima, Peru (1995)

Dalsgaard, A., Albert, M. John, Taylor, D.N., Shimada, T., Meza, R., Serichantalergs, O., ...

In February 1994, an outbreak of diarrhea caused by non-O1 Vibrio cholerae occurred among volunteers in a vaccine trial study area in Lima, Peru. Clinically, 95% of the patients presented with liquid...

Characterization of Hafnia alvei by biochemical tests, random amplified polymorphic DNA PCR, and partial sequencing of 16S rRNA gene (1995)

Ridell, Jouko, Siitonen, Anja, Paulin, Lars, Lindroos, Outi, Korkeala, Hannu, Albert, M. John

Hafnia alvei strains which possess the attachment-effacement gene (eaeA) may have clinical importance as new diarrhea-causing pathogens and should therefore be differentiated from other H. alvei...

Peripheral blood neutrophil responses in children with shigellosis (1995)

Azim, Tasnim, Islam, Laila N., Halder, Ramesh C., Hamadani, Jena, Khanum, Nargis, Sarker, M. Safiullah, ...

Alterations in peripheral blood neutrophil function are known to occur in patients with colitis and may have a role in precipitating nonspecific tissue injury. It is not known whether neutrophil...

Cytokines in the stools of children with complicated shigellosis (1995)

Azim, Tasnim, Halder, R. Chandra, Sarker, M. Safiullah, Ahmed, Sharmeen, Hamadani, Jena, Chowdhury, Akhtaruzzaman, ...

The pathogenesis of the systemic complications, leukemoid reaction and hemolytic uremic syndrome, associated with Shigella dysenteriae type 1 infection is not well understood. The excessive...

Impact of infection by Helicobacter pylori on the risk and severity of endemic cholera (1995)

Clemens, John, Albert, M. John, Rao, Malla, Qadri, Firdsusi, Huda, Shamsul, Kay, Bradford, ...

To evaluate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and the subsequent risk and severity of endemic Vibrio cholerae O1 diarrhea among rural Bangladeshis, 285 children and adults with...

Detection of provisional serovars of Shigella dysenteriae and designation as S. dysenteriae serotypes 14 and 15 (1995)

Ansaruzzaman, M., Rahman, A., Neogi, P.K.B., Faruque, A.S.G., Rowe, B., ...

In initial studies of slide and tube agglutination tests of shigella-like isolates from diarrheal stools from Bangladesh, 10 and 8 strains of Shigella dysenteriae were identified as provisional...

Isolation of sucrose late-fermenting and nonfermenting variants of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal: implications for diagnosis of cholera (1995)

Ansaruzzaman, M., Rahman, M., Bhuiyan, N.A., Islam, M.S., Albert, M. John

The sucrose-containing selective medium thiosulfate-citrate-bile salt-sucrose agar missed a sucrose nonfermenting and four sucrose late-fermenting variant strains of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal from...

Controlled study of Escherichia coli diarrheal infections in Bangladeshi children (1995)

Albert, M. John, Faruque, S.M., Faruque, A.S., Neogi, P.K.B., Ansaruzzaman, M., Bhuiyan, N.A., ...

Diarrheal diseases are highly prevalent in Bangladesh. However, the relative contribution of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli organisms--those that are enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enteropathogenic (EPEC),...

Moraxella septicemia in children with diarrheal disease (1995)

Hoque, Syed Samiul, Alam, Ahmed N., Albert, M. John

We report 10 cases of Moraxella septicemia associated with diarrheal disease. Their clinical presentations and outcomes are discussed. Recognition of the pathogenicity of these microorganisms in...

Bacterial translocation in the rat model of lectin induced diarrhoea (1995)

Shoda, R., Mahalanabis, Dilip, Wahed, M.A., Albert, M. John

Red kidney beans were fed to weanling Long-Evans rats to cause diarrhoea (mean (SD) faecal wet weight: 2.66 (0.73) g/day in six rats fed beans v 1.12 (0.47) g/day in six control rats, p < 0.01) and...

Evaluation of the monoclonal antibody-based kit Bengal SMART for rapid detection of Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym Bengal in stool samples (1995)

Qadri, Firdausi, Hasan, Jafrul A., Hossain, Jaber, Chowdhury, Ashrafuzzaman, Begum, Yasmin Ara, Azim, Tasnim, ...

A monoclonal antibody-based test, Bengal SMART, was developed for rapid detection of Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym Bengal directly from stool specimens. The test, which takes about 15 min to complete,...

Controlled study of cytolethal distending toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections in Bangladeshi children (1995)

Albert, M. John, Faruque, Shah M., Faruque, A.S.G., Bettelheim, Karl A., Neogi, P.K.b., Bhuiyan, N.A., ...

The role of cytolethal distending toxin (CDT)-producing Escherichia coli, a newly described category of E. coli, in the causation of diarrhea was studied by screening E. coli isolates from 546...

Molecular subtyping of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O139 causing epidemic cholera in India and Bangladesh, 1992-1993 (1995)

Popovic, Tanja, Fields, Patricia I., Olsvik, Orjan, Wells, Joy G., Evins, Gracia M., Cameron, Daniel N., ...

Since October 1992, > 150,000 cases of cholera have been reported from India and Bangladesh; the great majority of Vibrio cholerae isolates belong to the newly established serogroup O139. To better...

Neonatal diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae 0139 Bengal (1995)

Khan, A. Miraj, Bhattacharya, Mihir K., Albert, M. John

Cholera rarely occurs in children under 2 years of age. We describe diarrhea due to Vibrio cholerae 0139 Bengal, the newly described etiologic agent of cholera in a 4-day-old breast-fed baby....

Multiple-drug-resistant Salmonella gloucester infections in Bangladesh (1994)

Hoque, Syed Samiul, Salam, Mohammed Abdus, Faruque, Abu S.G., Albert, M. John

We describe three different cases of extraintestinal infections caused by multidrug-resistant Salmonella gloucester from Bangladesh that were associated with bad prognoses. These clinical...

Distribution of Zonula occludens toxin (zot) gene among clinical isolates of Vibrio cholerae O1 from Bangladesh and Africa (1994)

Faruque, Shah M., Comstock, Laurie, Kaper, James B., Albert, M. John

Seventy-two clinical isolates of Vibrio cholerae O1 from Bangladesh, and 12 and 9 isolates respectively from Tanzania and Nigeria were screened for sequences homologous to zonula occludens toxin...

Hafnia alvei in stool specimens from patients with diarrhea and healthy controls[note] (1994)

Ridell, Jouko, Siitonen, Anja, Paulin, Lars, Mattila, Leena, Korkeala, Hannu, Albert, M. John

We found an epidemiological association of Hafnia alvei with diarrhea, because the organism was isolated from 12 of 77 (16%) adult Finnish tourists to Morocco who developed diarrhea and from 0 of 321...

Development and evaluation of rapid monoclonal antibody-based coagglutination test for direct detection of Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym Bengal in stool samples (1994)

Qadri, Firdausi, Chowdhury, Ashrafuzzaman, Hossain, Jaber, Chowdhury, Khaleda, Azim, Tasnim, Shimada, Toshio, ...

A monoclonal antibody-based coagglutination test directly detected Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym Bengal in 83 of 120 watery diarrheal stool specimens; on culture, 90 samples were positive. Thus, with...

Diarrhea associated with Cyclospora Sp. in Bangladesh (1994)

Albert, M. John, Kabir, Iqbal, Azim, Tasnim, Hossain, Anowar, Ansaruzzaman, Mohammed, Unicomb, Leanne

A spherical acid-fast organism measuring approximately 10 microns in diameter (Cyclospora sp.) has recently been implicated in diarrheal diseases in many parts of the world. We detected this organism...

Isolation of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis from Bangladeshi children with diarrhea: a controlled study. (1994)

Sack, R. Bradley, Albert, M. John, Alam, K., Neogi, P.K.B., Akbar, MS, Akbar, M.S.

We undertook a controlled study of children younger than 5 years in Bangladesh to determine whether enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) was associated with diarrhea in this population. ETBF...

Molecular analysis of rRNA and cholera toxin genes carried by the new epidemic strain of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym Bengal. (1994)

Faruque, Shah M., Roy, Sanjit K., Khan, Ferdousi, Nair, G. Balakrish, Sack, R. Bradley, ...

Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym Bengal recently caused large epidemics of cholera-like disease in Bangladesh and India. We compared the restriction fragment length polymorphisms of ctxA and rRNA genes...

Monoclonal antibodies specific for Shigella dysenteriae serotype 13. Production, characterization, and diagnostic application (1994)

Qadri, Firdausi, Azim, Tasnim, Hossain, Anwar, Chowdhury, Ashrafuzzaman, Albert, M. John

Three mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) (ICL3, ICL4, and ICL5) were produced that specifically recognized the lipopolysaccharide antigen of the newly recognized Shigella dysenteriae serotype-13...

Vibrio mimicus with multiple toxin types isolated from human and environmental sources (1994)

Ramamurthy, T., Albert, M. John, Huq, Anwarul, Colwell, Rita R., Takeda, Yosifumi, Shimada, Tae, ...

A collection of 13 strains of Vibrio mimicus, including both clinical and environmental isolates from different geographic regions, was examined for various toxins. One strain of environmental origin...

Hemagglutinating properties of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (1994)

Qadri, Firdausi, Haque, Azizul, Faruque, Shah M., Bettelheim, Karl A., Robins-Browne, Roy, Albert, M. John

Many intestinal bacterial pathogens possess hemagglutinating properties, which are indicative of their adhesive properties to the intestinal mucosal surface. To understand the bacteria-mucosa...

Pili of a Vibrio cholerae O139 (1994)

Nakasone, Noboru, Yamashiro, Tetsu, Albert, M. John, Iwanaga, Masaaki

The pili of a strain of Vibrio cholerae O139 were purified and characterized. They were morphologically, electrophoretically and immunologically indistinguishable from the pili with 16 kDa subunit...

Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal possesses a capsular polysaccharide which may confer increased virulence (1994)

Weintraub, Andrej, Widmalm, Goran, Jansson, Per-Erik, Jansson, Monica, Hultenby, Kjell, Albert, M. John

A newly described Vibrio cholerae serogroup--O139 Bengal, the causative agent of the recent large epidemics of cholera-like disease in the Indian subcontinent and neighbouring countries--possesses a...

Characterization of Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym Bengal isolated from patients with cholera-like disease in Bangladesh (1993)

Higa, Naomi, Honma, Yasuko, Albert, M. John, Iwanaga, Masaaki

Vibrio cholerae O139 (synonym Bengal), a novel serovar of V. cholerae, is the causative agent of large outbreaks of cholera-like illness currently sweeping India and Bangladesh. Eight randomly...

Molecular Characterization of a New Ribotype of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal Associated with an Outbreak of Cholera in Bangladesh

Faruque, Shah M., Siddique, A. K., Saha, Manujendra N., Rahman, M. Mostafizur, Zaman, K., ...

Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal initially appeared in the southern coastal region of Bangladesh and spread northward, causing explosive epidemics during 1992 and 1993. The resurgence of V. cholerae O139...

Evidence of High-Frequency Genomic Reassortment of Group A Rotavirus Strains in Bangladesh: Emergence of Type G9 in 1995

Unicomb, Leanne E., Podder, Goutam, Gentsch, Jon R., Woods, Patricia A., Hasan, K. Zahid, Faruque, A. S. G., ...

We characterized 1,534 rotavirus (RV) strains collected in Bangladesh from 1992 to 1997 to assess temporal changes in G type and to study the most common G and P types using reverse...

Prototypal Diarrheagenic Strains of Hafnia alvei Are Actually Members of the Genus Escherichia

Janda, J. Michael, Abbott, Sharon L., Albert, M. John

We analyzed five bacterial strains, designated 19982, 9194, 10457, 10790, and 12502, that were isolated from stool specimens of individuals with diarrheal illness by the International Centre for...

Case-Control Study of Enteropathogens Associated with Childhood Diarrhea in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Albert, M. John, Faruque, A. S. G., Faruque, S. M., Sack, R. B., Mahalanabis, D.

The International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, is a major center for research into diarrheal diseases. The center treats more than 100,000 patients a year. To obtain useful...

Prevalence of Toxin Types and Colonization Factors in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Isolated during a 2-Year Period from Diarrheal Patients in Bangladesh

Qadri, Firdausi, Das, Swadesh Kumar, Faruque, A. S. G., Fuchs, George J., Albert, M. John, Sack, R. Bradley, ...

The prevalence of toxin types and colonization factors (CFs) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was prospectively studied with fresh samples (n = 4,662) obtained from a 2% routine...

Pandemic Spread of an O3:K6 Clone of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Emergence of Related Strains Evidenced by Arbitrarily Primed PCR and toxRS Sequence Analyses

Matsumoto, Chiho, Okuda, Jun, Ishibashi, Masanori, Iwanaga, Masaaki, Garg, Pallavi, Rammamurthy, Thandavarayan, ...

Vibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 strains responsible for the increase in the number of cases of diarrhea in Calcutta, India, beginning in February 1996 and those isolated from Southeast Asian travelers...

Etiology of Sexually Transmitted Infections among Street-Based Female Sex Workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Rahman, Motiur, Alam, Ashraful, Nessa, Khairun, Hossain, Anowar, Nahar, Shamsun, Datta, Dilip, ...

An etiological study of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) was conducted among female sex workers (FSWs) in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Endocervical swab and blood samples from 269 street-based FSWs were...

Identification of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Harboring Longus Type IV Pilus Gene by DNA Amplification

Gutiérrez-Cázarez, Zita, Qadri, Firdausi, Albert, M. John, Girón, Jorge A.

DNA amplification of lngA, the structural gene of longus type IV pilus produced by human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was achieved by the use of specific oligonucleotide primers designed...

Prevalence of Enterotoxin Genes in Aeromonas spp. Isolated From Children with Diarrhea, Healthy Controls, and the Environment

Albert, M. John, Ansaruzzaman, M., Talukder, Kaisar A., Chopra, Ashok K., Kuhn, Inger, Rahman, Motiur, ...

Aeromonads are causative agents of a number of human infections. Even though aeromonads have been isolated from patients suffering from diarrhea, their etiological role in gastroenteritis is unclear....

Antimicrobial Susceptibilities and Plasmid Contents of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates from Commercial Sex Workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh: Emergence of High-Level Resistance to Ciprofloxacin

Bhuiyan, Bahar Uddin, Rahman, Motiur, Miah, Mohammed Ruhul Amin, Nahar, Shamsun, Islam, Nazrul, Ahmed, Monira, ...

Commercial sex workers (CSWs) serve as the most important reservoir of sexually transmitted diseases (STD), including gonorrhea. Periodic monitoring of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of...

PCR Detection, Characterization, and Distribution of Virulence Genes in Aeromonas spp.

Kingombe, Cesar Isigidi Bin, Huys, Geert, Tonolla, Mauro, Albert, M. John, Swings, Jean, Peduzzi, Raffaele, ...

We found 73.1 to 96.9% similarity by aligning the cytolytic enterotoxin gene of Aeromonas hydrophila SSU (AHCYTOEN; GenBank accession no. M84709) against aerolysin genes of Aeromonas spp., suggesting...

Phagocytosis of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal by Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

Albert, M. John, Qadri, Firdausi, Bhuiyan, Nurul A., Ahmad, Shaikh M., Ansaruzzaman, M., Weintraub, Andrej

Capsulated bacteria exhibit serum (complement) resistance and resistance to phagocytosis, which result in disseminated infections. Vibrio cholerae O139 strains possess a thin capsule and have been...

Immune Response of Children Who Develop Persistent Diarrhea following Rotavirus Infection

Azim, Tasnim, Ahmad, S. Meshbahuddin, Sarker, M. Safiullah, Unicomb, Leanne E., De, Soma, ...

A prospective study was conducted with Bangladeshi children with rotavirus (RV) diarrhea to assess whether nutritional and clinical parameters, RV serotypes, levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor...

Lipopolysaccharide- and Cholera Toxin-Specific Subclass Distribution of B-Cell Responses in Cholera

Qadri, Firdausi, Ahmed, Firoz, Karim, M. Manjurul, Wenneras, Christine, Begum, Yasmin Ara, Salam, Mohammad Abdus, ...

The immunoglobulin subclass responses to homologous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to cholera toxin (CT) in adult patients infected with Vibrio cholerae O1 and V. cholerae O139 were studied....

Susceptibility of Vibrio cholerae O139 to Antibody-Dependent, Complement-Mediated Bacteriolysis

Attridge, Stephen R., Qadri, Firdausi, Albert, M. John, Manning, Paul A.

Volunteer studies with Vibrio cholerae O1 have shown that the best correlate of a vaccine's protective efficacy is its propensity to elicit serum bactericidal responses in its recipients. Attempts to...

Epidemiology, Genetics, and Ecology of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae

Faruque, Shah M., Albert, M. John, Mekalanos, John J.

Cholera caused by toxigenic Vibrio cholerae is a major public health problem confronting developing countries, where outbreaks occur in a regular seasonal pattern and are particularly associated with...

Enterotoxin-Specific Immunoglobulin E Responses in Humans after Infection or Vaccination with Diarrhea-Causing Enteropathogens

Qadri, Firdausi, Asaduzzaman, Muhammad, Wennerås, Christine, Mohi, Golam, Albert, M. John, Abdus Salam, Mohammad, ...

Cholera toxin (CT)-specific antibody responses of the immunoglobulin E (IgE) isotype in the sera of adult patients suffering from infection with either Vibrio cholerae O1, V. cholerae O139, or...

Investigation of the Role of Type IV Aeromonas Pilus (Tap) in the Pathogenesis of Aeromonas Gastrointestinal Infection

Kirov, Sylvia M., Barnett, Timothy C., Pepe, Cynthia M., Strom, Mark S., Albert, M. John

Although there is substantial evidence that type IV pili purified from diarrhea-associated Aeromonas species (designated Bfp for bundle-forming pilus) are intestinal colonization factors (S. M....

Association of Providencia alcalifaciens with Diarrhea in Children

Albert, M. John, Faruque, A. S. G., Mahalanabis, D.

It has been demonstrated in previous studies that Providencia alcalifaciens can produce diarrhea by an invasive mechanism. In the present study, P. alcalifaciens was isolated from the stool specimens...

Characterization of the Roles of Hemolysin and Other Toxins in Enteropathy Caused by Alpha-Hemolytic Escherichia coli Linked to Human Diarrhea

Elliott, Simon J., Srinivas, S., Albert, M. John, Alam, Khorshed, Robins-Browne, Roy M., Gunzburg, Stuart T., ...

Escherichia coli strains producing alpha-hemolysin have been associated with diarrhea in several studies, but it has not been clearly demonstrated that these strains are enteropathogens or that...

Induction of the Lysogenic Phage Encoding Cholera Toxin in Naturally Occurring Strains of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139

Faruque, Shah M., Albert, M. John, Nasirul Islam, K. M., Mekalanos, John J.

In toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, the CTX genetic element which carries the genes for cholera toxin (CT) is the genome of a lysogenic bacteriophage (CTXΦ). Clinical and environmental strains of V....

Analysis of Clinical and Environmental Strains of Nontoxigenic Vibrio cholerae for Susceptibility to CTXΦ: Molecular Basis for Origination of New Strains with Epidemic Potential

Faruque, Shah M., Saha, Manujendra N., Albert, M. John, Islam, K. M. Nasirul, ...

Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae strains are lysogens of CTXΦ, a filamentous phage which encodes cholera toxin. The receptor for CTXΦ for invading V. cholerae cells is the toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP),...

Induction of Fimbriated Vibrio cholerae O139

Ehara, Masahiko, Iwami, Mamoru, Ichinose, Yoshio, Hirayama, Toshiya, Albert, M. John, Sack, R. Bradley, ...

Several fimbriated phases of Vibrio cholerae O139 strains were selectively induced and compared immunologically and biochemically with those of V. cholerae O1. Fimbrial antigens were detected on the...

DNA-Level Characterization of Helicobacter pylori Strains from Patients with Overt Disease and with Benign Infections in Bangladesh

Rahman, Motiur, Mukhopadhyay, Asish K., Nahar, Shamsun, Datta, Simanti, Mashhud Ahmad, Milan, Sarker, Safique, ...

The complex relation between the genotype of Helicobacter pylori and its association with clinical outcome is not well understood. Studies in the West have showed that strains expressing certain...

Epidemiology of Rotavirus Diarrhea in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, as Revealed by Electrophoresis of Genome RNA

Albert, M. John, Soenarto, Yati, Bishop, Ruth F.

Nine different electropherotypes of rotaviruses occurred among 85 children with rotavirus diarrhea in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Eighty percent of the electropherotypes had a “long” RNA pattern...

Critical Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Vibrio cholerae in the Environment of Bangladesh

Huq, Anwar, Sack, R. Bradley, Nizam, Azhar, Longini, Ira M., Nair, G. Balakrish, Ali, Afsar, ...

The occurrence of outbreaks of cholera in Africa in 1970 and in Latin America in 1991, mainly in coastal communities, and the appearance of the new serotype Vibrio cholerae O139 in India and...

Molecular Characterization of a New Ribotype of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal Associated with an Outbreak of Cholera in Bangladesh

Faruque, Shah M., Siddique, A. K., Saha, Manujendra N., Rahman, M. Mostafizur, Zaman, K., ...

Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal initially appeared in the southern coastal region of Bangladesh and spread northward, causing explosive epidemics during 1992 and 1993. The resurgence of V. cholerae O139...

Evidence of High-Frequency Genomic Reassortment of Group A Rotavirus Strains in Bangladesh: Emergence of Type G9 in 1995

Unicomb, Leanne E., Podder, Goutam, Gentsch, Jon R., Woods, Patricia A., Hasan, K. Zahid, Faruque, A. S. G., ...

We characterized 1,534 rotavirus (RV) strains collected in Bangladesh from 1992 to 1997 to assess temporal changes in G type and to study the most common G and P types using reverse...

Prototypal Diarrheagenic Strains of Hafnia alvei Are Actually Members of the Genus Escherichia

Janda, J. Michael, Abbott, Sharon L., Albert, M. John

We analyzed five bacterial strains, designated 19982, 9194, 10457, 10790, and 12502, that were isolated from stool specimens of individuals with diarrheal illness by the International Centre for...

Case-Control Study of Enteropathogens Associated with Childhood Diarrhea in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Albert, M. John, Faruque, A. S. G., Faruque, S. M., Sack, R. B., Mahalanabis, D.

The International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, is a major center for research into diarrheal diseases. The center treats more than 100,000 patients a year. To obtain useful...

Prevalence of Toxin Types and Colonization Factors in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Isolated during a 2-Year Period from Diarrheal Patients in Bangladesh

Qadri, Firdausi, Das, Swadesh Kumar, Faruque, A. S. G., Fuchs, George J., Albert, M. John, Sack, R. Bradley, ...

The prevalence of toxin types and colonization factors (CFs) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was prospectively studied with fresh samples (n = 4,662) obtained from a 2% routine...

Pandemic Spread of an O3:K6 Clone of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Emergence of Related Strains Evidenced by Arbitrarily Primed PCR and toxRS Sequence Analyses

Matsumoto, Chiho, Okuda, Jun, Ishibashi, Masanori, Iwanaga, Masaaki, Garg, Pallavi, Rammamurthy, Thandavarayan, ...

Vibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 strains responsible for the increase in the number of cases of diarrhea in Calcutta, India, beginning in February 1996 and those isolated from Southeast Asian travelers...

Etiology of Sexually Transmitted Infections among Street-Based Female Sex Workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Rahman, Motiur, Alam, Ashraful, Nessa, Khairun, Hossain, Anowar, Nahar, Shamsun, Datta, Dilip, ...

An etiological study of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) was conducted among female sex workers (FSWs) in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Endocervical swab and blood samples from 269 street-based FSWs were...

Identification of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Harboring Longus Type IV Pilus Gene by DNA Amplification

Gutiérrez-Cázarez, Zita, Qadri, Firdausi, Albert, M. John, Girón, Jorge A.

DNA amplification of lngA, the structural gene of longus type IV pilus produced by human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was achieved by the use of specific oligonucleotide primers designed...

Prevalence of Enterotoxin Genes in Aeromonas spp. Isolated From Children with Diarrhea, Healthy Controls, and the Environment

Albert, M. John, Ansaruzzaman, M., Talukder, Kaisar A., Chopra, Ashok K., Kuhn, Inger, Rahman, Motiur, ...

Aeromonads are causative agents of a number of human infections. Even though aeromonads have been isolated from patients suffering from diarrhea, their etiological role in gastroenteritis is unclear....

Antimicrobial Susceptibilities and Plasmid Contents of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates from Commercial Sex Workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh: Emergence of High-Level Resistance to Ciprofloxacin

Bhuiyan, Bahar Uddin, Rahman, Motiur, Miah, Mohammed Ruhul Amin, Nahar, Shamsun, Islam, Nazrul, Ahmed, Monira, ...

Commercial sex workers (CSWs) serve as the most important reservoir of sexually transmitted diseases (STD), including gonorrhea. Periodic monitoring of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of...

PCR Detection, Characterization, and Distribution of Virulence Genes in Aeromonas spp.

Kingombe, Cesar Isigidi Bin, Huys, Geert, Tonolla, Mauro, Albert, M. John, Swings, Jean, Peduzzi, Raffaele, ...

We found 73.1 to 96.9% similarity by aligning the cytolytic enterotoxin gene of Aeromonas hydrophila SSU (AHCYTOEN; GenBank accession no. M84709) against aerolysin genes of Aeromonas spp., suggesting...

Phagocytosis of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal by Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

Albert, M. John, Qadri, Firdausi, Bhuiyan, Nurul A., Ahmad, Shaikh M., Ansaruzzaman, M., Weintraub, Andrej

Capsulated bacteria exhibit serum (complement) resistance and resistance to phagocytosis, which result in disseminated infections. Vibrio cholerae O139 strains possess a thin capsule and have been...

Immune Response of Children Who Develop Persistent Diarrhea following Rotavirus Infection

Azim, Tasnim, Ahmad, S. Meshbahuddin, Sarker, M. Safiullah, Unicomb, Leanne E., De, Soma, ...

A prospective study was conducted with Bangladeshi children with rotavirus (RV) diarrhea to assess whether nutritional and clinical parameters, RV serotypes, levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor...

Lipopolysaccharide- and Cholera Toxin-Specific Subclass Distribution of B-Cell Responses in Cholera

Qadri, Firdausi, Ahmed, Firoz, Karim, M. Manjurul, Wenneras, Christine, Begum, Yasmin Ara, Salam, Mohammad Abdus, ...

The immunoglobulin subclass responses to homologous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to cholera toxin (CT) in adult patients infected with Vibrio cholerae O1 and V. cholerae O139 were studied....

Susceptibility of Vibrio cholerae O139 to Antibody-Dependent, Complement-Mediated Bacteriolysis

Attridge, Stephen R., Qadri, Firdausi, Albert, M. John, Manning, Paul A.

Volunteer studies with Vibrio cholerae O1 have shown that the best correlate of a vaccine's protective efficacy is its propensity to elicit serum bactericidal responses in its recipients. Attempts to...

Epidemiology, Genetics, and Ecology of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae

Faruque, Shah M., Albert, M. John, Mekalanos, John J.

Cholera caused by toxigenic Vibrio cholerae is a major public health problem confronting developing countries, where outbreaks occur in a regular seasonal pattern and are particularly associated with...

Enterotoxin-Specific Immunoglobulin E Responses in Humans after Infection or Vaccination with Diarrhea-Causing Enteropathogens

Qadri, Firdausi, Asaduzzaman, Muhammad, Wennerås, Christine, Mohi, Golam, Albert, M. John, Abdus Salam, Mohammad, ...

Cholera toxin (CT)-specific antibody responses of the immunoglobulin E (IgE) isotype in the sera of adult patients suffering from infection with either Vibrio cholerae O1, V. cholerae O139, or...

Investigation of the Role of Type IV Aeromonas Pilus (Tap) in the Pathogenesis of Aeromonas Gastrointestinal Infection

Kirov, Sylvia M., Barnett, Timothy C., Pepe, Cynthia M., Strom, Mark S., Albert, M. John

Although there is substantial evidence that type IV pili purified from diarrhea-associated Aeromonas species (designated Bfp for bundle-forming pilus) are intestinal colonization factors (S. M....

Association of Providencia alcalifaciens with Diarrhea in Children

Albert, M. John, Faruque, A. S. G., Mahalanabis, D.

It has been demonstrated in previous studies that Providencia alcalifaciens can produce diarrhea by an invasive mechanism. In the present study, P. alcalifaciens was isolated from the stool specimens...

Characterization of the Roles of Hemolysin and Other Toxins in Enteropathy Caused by Alpha-Hemolytic Escherichia coli Linked to Human Diarrhea

Elliott, Simon J., Srinivas, S., Albert, M. John, Alam, Khorshed, Robins-Browne, Roy M., Gunzburg, Stuart T., ...

Escherichia coli strains producing alpha-hemolysin have been associated with diarrhea in several studies, but it has not been clearly demonstrated that these strains are enteropathogens or that...

Induction of the Lysogenic Phage Encoding Cholera Toxin in Naturally Occurring Strains of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139

Faruque, Shah M., Albert, M. John, Nasirul Islam, K. M., Mekalanos, John J.

In toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, the CTX genetic element which carries the genes for cholera toxin (CT) is the genome of a lysogenic bacteriophage (CTXΦ). Clinical and environmental strains of V....

Analysis of Clinical and Environmental Strains of Nontoxigenic Vibrio cholerae for Susceptibility to CTXΦ: Molecular Basis for Origination of New Strains with Epidemic Potential

Faruque, Shah M., Saha, Manujendra N., Albert, M. John, Islam, K. M. Nasirul, ...

Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae strains are lysogens of CTXΦ, a filamentous phage which encodes cholera toxin. The receptor for CTXΦ for invading V. cholerae cells is the toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP),...

Induction of Fimbriated Vibrio cholerae O139

Ehara, Masahiko, Iwami, Mamoru, Ichinose, Yoshio, Hirayama, Toshiya, Albert, M. John, Sack, R. Bradley, ...

Several fimbriated phases of Vibrio cholerae O139 strains were selectively induced and compared immunologically and biochemically with those of V. cholerae O1. Fimbrial antigens were detected on the...

DNA-Level Characterization of Helicobacter pylori Strains from Patients with Overt Disease and with Benign Infections in Bangladesh

Rahman, Motiur, Mukhopadhyay, Asish K., Nahar, Shamsun, Datta, Simanti, Mashhud Ahmad, Milan, Sarker, Safique, ...

The complex relation between the genotype of Helicobacter pylori and its association with clinical outcome is not well understood. Studies in the West have showed that strains expressing certain...

Epidemiology of Rotavirus Diarrhea in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, as Revealed by Electrophoresis of Genome RNA

Albert, M. John, Soenarto, Yati, Bishop, Ruth F.

Nine different electropherotypes of rotaviruses occurred among 85 children with rotavirus diarrhea in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Eighty percent of the electropherotypes had a “long” RNA pattern...

Critical Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Vibrio cholerae in the Environment of Bangladesh

Huq, Anwar, Sack, R. Bradley, Nizam, Azhar, Longini, Ira M., Nair, G. Balakrish, Ali, Afsar, ...

The occurrence of outbreaks of cholera in Africa in 1970 and in Latin America in 1991, mainly in coastal communities, and the appearance of the new serotype Vibrio cholerae O139 in India and...

Persistence, Transmission, and Virulence Characteristics of Aeromonas Strains in a Duckweed Aquaculture-Based Hospital Sewage Water Recycling Plant in Bangladesh▿

Rahman, Mokhlasur, Huys, Geert, Rahman, Motiur, Albert, M. John, Kühn, Inger, Möllby, Roland

The persistence and transmission of Aeromonas in a duckweed aquaculture-based hospital sewage water treatment plant in Bangladesh was studied. A total of 670 samples from different sites of the...

Identification of a Campylobacter jejuni Protein That Cross-Reacts with Cholera Toxin▿

Albert, M. John, Haridas, Shilpa, Steer, David, Dhaunsi, Gursev S., Smith, A. Ian, Adler, Ben

The question of whether Campylobacter jejuni produces a cholera toxin-like toxin (CTLT) has been controversial. The objective of this study was to identify the factor that cross-reacts with CT from...

Cystitis Caused by Aeromonas caviae▿

Al-Benwan, Khalifa, Abbott, Sharon, Janda, J. Michael, Huys, Geert, Albert, M. John

Aeromonas sp. organisms rarely cause urinary tract infection. We report for the first time a case of urinary tract infection caused by A. caviae in an adult patient with a history of increased...

Antimicrobial Drug Resistance of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi in Asia and Molecular Mechanism of Reduced Susceptibility to the Fluoroquinolones▿

Chau, Tran Thuy, Campbell, James Ian, Galindo, Claudia M., Van Minh Hoang, Nguyen, Diep, To Song, Nga, Tran Thu Thi, ...

This study describes the pattern and extent of drug resistance in 1,774 strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolated across Asia between 1993 and 2005 and characterizes the molecular...

Implications of Streptococcus pneumoniae Penicillin Resistance and Serotype Distribution in Kuwait for Disease Treatment and Prevention▿

Mokaddas, Eiman M., Rotimi, Vincent O., Albert, M. John

Streptococcus pneumoniae causes serious infections. Treatment is difficult because of the emergence of penicillin resistance in S. pneumoniae. Pneumococcal vaccines offer the promise of control and...

Major Outer Membrane Proteins from Many Campylobacter Species Cross-React with Cholera Toxin▿

Albert, M. John, Haridas, Shilpa, Adler, Ben

We have previously shown that Campylobacter jejuni strains do not produce a functional cholera toxin-like toxin (CTLT) detectable in a Chinese hamster ovary cell assay. Instead, the 53-kDa major...

Correlation of Proinflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Levels with Histopathological Changes in an Adult Mouse Lung Model of Campylobacter jejuni Infection▿

Al-Banna, Nadia, Raghupathy, Raj, Albert, M. John

Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of diarrhea in humans. A mouse lung model of infection was previously established for C. jejuni. We used this model to study cytokine production in the lungs and...

Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi from Kuwait with Novel Mutations in gyrA and parC Genes ▿

Dimitrov, Tzonyo, Dashti, Ali A., Albaksami, Ossama, Udo, Edet E., Jadaon, Mehrez M., Albert, M. John

Blood isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi from two recently returned Bangladeshi patients in Kuwait were ciprofloxacin resistant, with ciprofloxacin MICs of 12 mg/liter for both isolates....