Marie Johnston

RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access (2010)

Heather O Dickinson, Susan Hrisos, Martin P Eccles, Jill Francis, Marie Johnston

Statistical considerations in a systematic review of proxy measures of clinical behaviour

Applying psychological theories to evidence-based clinical practice: identifying factors predictive of placing preventive fissure sealants (2010)

Bonetti, Debbie, Johnston, Marie, Clarkson, Jan E, Grimshaw, Jeremy, Pitts, Nigel B, Eccles, Martin, ...

Abstract Background Psychological models are used to understand and predict behaviour in a wide range of settings, but have not been consistently applied to health professional behaviours, and the...

Statistical considerations in a systematic review of proxy measures of clinical behaviour (2010)

Dickinson, Heather O, Hrisos, Susan, Eccles, Martin P, Francis, Jill, Johnston, Marie

Abstract Background Studies included in a related systematic review used a variety of statistical methods to summarise clinical behaviour and to compare proxy (or indirect) and direct (observed)...

Improving adherence to medication in stroke survivors (IAMSS): a randomised controlled trial: study protocol (2010)

O'Carroll, Ronan, Dennis, Martin, Johnston, Marie, Sudlow, Cathie

Abstract Background Adherence to therapies is a primary determinant of treatment success, yet the World Health Organisation estimate that only 50% of patients who suffer from chronic diseases adhere...

European (2010)

Biomed Central, Susan Hrisos, Martin P Eccles, Jill J Francis, Marije Bosch, Rob Dijkstra, ...

Research article Using psychological theory to understand the clinical management of type 2 diabetes in Primary Care: a comparison across two

Improving Adherence to Medication in Stroke Survivors (IAMSS): a randomised controlled trial: study protocol (2010)

O'Carroll, Ronan E., Dennis, Martin, Johnston, Marie, Sudlow, Cathie

Background: Adherence to therapies is a primary determinant of treatment success, yet the World Health Organisation estimate that only 50% of patients who suffer from chronic diseases adhere to...

Disability (2010)

Dixon, D., Johnston, Marie, Vedhara, K., Weinman, J.

Book chapter on the psychological factors surrounding disability.

Implementation Science BioMed Central (2009)

Martin P Eccles, Jeremy M Grimshaw, Marie Johnston, Nick Steen, Nigel B Pitts, Ruth Thomas, ...

Research article Applying psychological theories to evidence-based clinical practice: Identifying factors predictive of managing upper respiratory tract infections without antibiotics

Using theories of behaviour to understand transfusion prescribing in three clinical contexts in two countries: Development work for an implementation trial (2009)

Francis, Jill J, Tinmouth, Alan, Stanworth, Simon J, Grimshaw, Jeremy M, Johnston, Marie, Hyde, Chris, ...

Abstract Background Blood transfusion is an essential part of healthcare and can improve patient outcomes. However, like most therapies, it is also associated with significant clinical risks. In...

Using psychological theory to understand the clinical management of type 2 diabetes in Primary Care: a comparison across two European countries (2009)

Hrisos, Susan, Eccles, Martin P, Francis, Jill J, Bosch, Marije, Dijkstra, Rob, Johnston, Marie, ...

Abstract Background Long term management of patients with Type 2 diabetes is well established within Primary Care. However, despite extensive efforts to implement high quality care both service...

Are there valid proxy measures of clinical behaviour? a systematic review (2009)

Hrisos, Susan, Eccles, Martin P, Francis, Jill J, Dickinson, Heather O, Kaner, Eileen FS, Beyer, Fiona, ...

Abstract Background Accurate measures of health professionals' clinical practice are critically important to guide health policy decisions, as well as for professional self-evaluation and for...

Measuring the ICF components of impairment, activity limitation and participation restriction: an item analysis using classical test theory and item response theory (2009)

Pollard, Beth, Dixon, Diane, Dieppe, Paul, Johnston, Marie

Abstract Background The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) proposes three main health outcomes, Impairment (I), Activity Limitation (A) and Participation...

Can the collective intentions of individual professionals within healthcare teams predict the team's performance: developing methods and theory (2009)

Eccles, Martin P, Hrisos, Susan, Francis, Jillian J, Steen, Nick, Bosch, Marije, Johnston, Marie

Abstract Background Within implementation research, using theory-based approaches to understanding the behaviours of healthcare professionals and the quality of care that they reflect and designing...

Measuring the ICF components of impairment, activity limitation and participation restriction: an item analysis using classical test theory and item response theory (2009)

Pollard, Beth, Dixon, Diane, Dieppe, Paul, Johnston, Marie

Background: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) proposes three main health outcomes, Impairment (I), Activity Limitation (A) and Participation Restriction...

Measuring the ICF components of impairment, activity limitation and participation restriction: an item analysis using classical test theory and item response theory (2009)

Pollard, Beth, Dixon, D., Dieppe, Paul, Johnston, Marie

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) proposes three main health outcomes, Impairment (I), Activity Limitation (A) and Participation Restriction (P), but good...

Improving the delivery of care for patients with diabetes through understanding optimised team work and organisation in primary care (2009)

Eccles, Martin P, Hawthorne, Gillian, Johnston, Marie, Hunter, Margaret, Steen, Nick, Francis, Jill, ...

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes is an increasingly prevalent chronic illness and is an important cause of avoidable mortality. Patients are managed by the integrated activities of clinical and...

Health screening (2009)

Dixon, D., Powell, R., Johnston, Marie

Health psychologists recognise the importance to behaviour of health screening, and psychological factors applied to medicine.

Physical disability (2009)

Dixon, D., Powell, R., Johnston, Marie

Health psychologists recognise the importance to behaviour of physical disability, and the psychological effects applied to medicine.

Psychological preparation for surgery (2009)

Dixon, D., Powell, R., Johnston, Marie

Examinations of the factors involved in the psychological preparation for surgery.

Cancer (2009)

Dixon, D., Powell, R., Johnston, Marie

Psychological factors involved in the treatment of cancer and cancer patients.

Adherence to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and illness beliefs in older heart failure patients (2009)

Molloy, Gerard J., Gao, Chuan, Johnston, Derek W., Johnston, Marie, Witham, Miles D., Struthers, Allan D., ...

Aims Patient beliefs about heart failure (HF) may be important determinants of adherence. This study assessed levels of adherence to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and examined...

Implementation Science BioMed Central Study protocol (2009)

Martin P Eccles, Gillian Hawthorne, Marie Johnston, Margaret Hunter, Nick Steen, Jill Francis, ...

Improving the delivery of care for patients with diabetes through understanding optimised team work and organisation in primary care

Analysing motivation to do medicine cross-culturally: the international motivation to do medicine scale (2009)

Ángeles Pastor, M., López-Roig, Sofia, Sánchez, Salvador, Hart, Jo, Johnston, Marie, Dixon, D.

Vaglum, Wiers-Jensen & Ekeberg (1999) developed an instrument to assess motivation to study medicine. This instrument has been applied in different countries but it has not been studied...

The disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire (DASH) can measure the impairment, activity limitations and participation restriction constructs from the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) (2009)

Dixon, D., Johnston, Marie, McQueen, Margaret, Court-Brown, Charles

Fracture of the wrist is a common injury and is especially prevalent in older post-menopausal women. Wrist fracture is associated with variable outcome, for example, approximately 50% of cases fail...

Explaining the effects of an intervention designed to promote evidence-based diabetes care: a theory-based process evaluation of a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial (2008)

Francis, Jillian J, Eccles, Martin P, Johnston, Marie, Whitty, Paula, Grimshaw, Jeremy M, Kaner, Eileen FS, ...

Abstract Background The results of randomised controlled trials can be usefully illuminated by studies of the processes by which they achieve their effects. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)...

MOBILE and the provision of total joint replacement (2008)

Dieppe, Paul, Dixon, Diane, Horwood, Jeremy, Pollard, Beth, Johnston, Marie

Modern joint replacements have been available for 45 years, but we still do not have clear indications for these interventions, and we do not know how to optimize the outcome for patients who agree...

Current Issues and New Directions in Psychology and Health: What happened to behaviour in the decade of behaviour? (2008)

Johnston, Marie, Dixon, Diane

This editorial addresses two key aspects of the investigation of behaviour: the science and the application. On the one hand, researchers and policy makers recognise a need for good scientific...

What happened to behaviour in the decade of behaviour? (2008)

Johnston, Marie, Dixon, D.

This editorial addresses two key aspects of the investigation of behaviour: the science and the application. On the one hand, researchers and policy makers recognise a need for good scientific...

Appropriate disclosure of a diagnosis of dementia: identifying the key behaviours of 'best practice' (2008)

Lecouturier, Jan, Bamford, Claire, Hughes, Julian C, Francis, Jillian J, Foy, Robbie, Johnston, Marie, ...

Abstract Background Despite growing evidence that many people with dementia want to know their diagnosis, there is wide variation in attitudes of professionals towards disclosure. The disclosure of...

Using the ICF and Psychological Models of Behavior to Predict Mobility Limitations (2008)

Dixon, Diane, Johnston, Marie, Rowley, David, Pollard, Beth

Objective: To test the ability of a model that integrates the theory of planned behavior (TPB) into the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) to predict walking...

Using the ICF and psychological models of behavior to predict mobility limitations (2008)

Dixon, D., Johnston, Marie, Rowley, David, Pollard, Beth

Aims to test the ability of a model that integrates the theory of planned behavior (TPB) into the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) to predict walking...

Why do people fail to turn good intentions into action? The role of executive control processes in the translation of healthy eating intentions into action in young Scottish adults (2008)

Allan, Julia L, Johnston, Marie, Campbell, Neil

Abstract Background Despite the significant health benefits associated with eating healthily, diet is extremely difficult to change, with the majority of people who intend to eat more healthily...

An intervention modelling experiment to change GPs' intentions to implement evidence-based practice: using theory-based interventions to promote GP management of upper respiratory tract infection without prescribing antibiotics #2 (2008)

Hrisos, Susan, Eccles, Martin, Johnston, Marie, Francis, Jill, Kaner, Eileen FS, Steen, Nick, ...

Abstract Background Psychological theories of behaviour may provide a framework to guide the design of interventions to change professional behaviour. Behaviour change interventions, designed using...

Developing the content of two behavioural interventions:Using theory-based interventions to promote GP management of upper respiratory tract infection without prescribing antibiotics #1 (2008)

Hrisos, Susan, Eccles, Martin, Johnston, Marie, Francis, Jill, Kaner, Eileen FS, Steen, Nick, ...

Abstract Background Evidence shows that antibiotics have limited effectiveness in the management of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) yet GPs continue to prescribe antibiotics. Implementation...

Cognitive Representations Of Disability Behaviours In People With Mobility Limitations: Consistency With Theoretical Constructs (2008)

Dixon, Diane, Johnston, Marie

Purpose: Disability is conceptualised as behaviour by psychological theory and as a result of bodily impairment by medical models. However, how people with disabilities conceptualise those...

Implementation Science BioMed Central (2008)

Jillian J Francis, Martin P Eccles, Marie Johnston, Paula Whitty, Jeremy M Grimshaw, Eileen Fs Kaner, ...

Research article Explaining the effects of an intervention designed to promote evidence-based diabetes care: a theory-based process evaluation of a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial

This article is available from: ht... (2008)

Anne L Langston, Marie Johnston, Jill Francis, Clare Robertson, Marion K Campbell, Vikki A Entwistle, ...

Protocol for stage 2 of the GaP study (genetic testing acceptability for Paget's disease of bone): A questionnaire study to investigate whether relatives of people with Paget's disease...

Cognitive representations of disability behaviours in people with mobility limitations: consistency with theoretical constructs (2008)

Dixon, D., Johnston, Marie

Disability is conceptualised as behaviour by psychological theory and as a result of bodily impairment by medical models. However, how people with disabilities conceptualise those disabilities is...

The development of a theory-based intervention to promote appropriate disclosure of a diagnosis of dementia (2007)

Foy, Robbie, Francis, Jillian J, Johnston, Marie, Eccles, Martin, Lecouturier, Jan, Bamford, Claire, ...

Abstract Background The development and description of interventions to change professional practice are often limited by the lack of an explicit theoretical and empirical basis. We set out to...

Testing a TheoRY-inspired MEssage ('TRY-ME'): a sub-trial within the Ontario Printed Educational Message (OPEM) trial (2007)

Francis, Jillian J, Grimshaw, Jeremy M, Zwarenstein, Merrick, Eccles, Martin P, Shiller, Susan, Godin, Gaston, ...

Abstract Background A challenge for implementation researchers is to develop principles that could generate testable hypotheses that apply across a range of clinical contexts, thus leading to...

Which factors explain variation in intention to disclose a diagnosis of dementia? A theory-based survey of mental health professionals (2007)

Foy, Robbie, Bamford, Claire, Francis, Jillian J, Johnston, Marie, Lecouturier, Jan, Eccles, Martin, ...

Abstract Background For people with dementia, patient-centred care should involve timely explanation of the diagnosis and its implications. However, this is not routine. Theoretical models of...

Translating clinicians' beliefs into implementation interventions (TRACII): A protocol for an intervention modeling experiment to change clinicians' intentions to implement evidence-based practice (2007)

Eccles, Martin P, Johnston, Marie, Hrisos, Susan, Francis, Jill, Grimshaw, Jeremy, Steen, Nick, ...

Abstract Background Biomedical research constantly produces new findings, but these are not routinely incorporated into health care practice. Currently, a range of interventions to promote the uptake...

Applying psychological theories to evidence-based clinical practice: Identifying factors predictive of managing upper respiratory tract infections without antibiotics (2007)

Eccles, Martin P, Grimshaw, Jeremy M, Johnston, Marie, Steen, Nick, Pitts, Nigel B, Thomas, Ruth, ...

Abstract Background Psychological models can be used to understand and predict behaviour in a wide range of settings. However, they have not been consistently applied to health professional...

What does the Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire Measure? (2007)

Dixon, Diane, Pollard, Beth, Johnston, Marie

This study explored the ability of the Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire (CPG) to operationalise the WHO’s model of health outcomes, namely the International Classification of Functioning,...

What does the chronic pain grade questionnaire measure? (2007)

Dixon, D., Pollard, Beth, Johnston, Marie

This study explored the ability of the Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire (CPG) to operationalise the WHO's model of health outcomes, namely the International Classification of Functioning, Disability...

A Pragmatic Randomised, Controlled Trial of Intensive Care follow up programmes in improving Longer-term outcomes from critical illness. The PRACTICAL study (2007)

Cuthbertson, Brian H, Rattray, Janice, Johnston, Marie, Wildsmith, J Anthony, Wilson, Edward, Hernendez, Rodolfo, ...

Abstract Background A number of intensive care (ICU) patients experience significant problems with physical, psychological, and social functioning for some time after discharge from ICU. These...

Difficulties implementing a mental health guideline: an exploratory investigation using psychological theory (2007)

Michie, Susan, Pilling, Stephen, Garety, Philippa, Whitty, Paula, Eccles, Martin P, Johnston, Marie, ...

Abstract Background Evaluations of interventions to improve implementation of guidelines have failed to produce a clear pattern of results favouring a particular method. While implementation depends...

Theoretical framework and methodological development of common subjective health outcome measures in osteoarthritis: a critical review (2007)

Pollard, Beth, Johnston, Marie, Dixon, Diane

Abstract Subjective measures involving clinician ratings or patient self-assessments have become recognised as an important tool for the assessment of health outcome. The value of a health outcome...

Theoretical framework and methodological development of common subjective health outcome measures in osteoarthritis: a critical review (2007)

Pollard, Beth, Johnston, Marie, Dixon, Diane

Background Subjective measures involving clinician ratings or self-assessments have become recognised as an important tool for the assessment of health outcome. The value of a health outcome measure...

Implementation Science BioMed Central (2007)

Robbie Foy, Claire Bamford, Jillian J Francis, Marie Johnston, Jan Lecouturier, Martin Eccles, ...

Research article Which factors explain variation in intention to disclose a diagnosis of dementia? A theory-based survey of mental health professionals

Implementation Science BioMed Central Study protocol (2007)

Martin P Eccles, Marie Johnston, Susan Hrisos, Jill Francis, Jeremy Grimshaw, Nick Steen, ...

Translating clinicians ' beliefs into implementation interventions (TRACII): A protocol for an intervention modeling experiment to change clinicians ' intentions to implement evidence-based...

BMC Health Services Research BioMed Central (2007)

Robbie Foy, Jillian J Francis, Marie Johnston, Martin Eccles, Jan Lecouturier, Claire Bamford, ...

Research article The development of a theory-based intervention to promote appropriate disclosure of a diagnosis of dementia

BMC Health Services Research BioMed Central (2007)

Jan Lecouturier, Claire Bamford, Julian C Hughes, Jillian J Francis, Robbie Foy, Marie Johnston, ...

Research article Appropriate disclosure of a diagnosis of dementia: identifying the key behaviours of 'best practice'

Do self- reported intentions predict clinicians' behaviour: a systematic review (2006)

Eccles, Martin P, Hrisos, Susan, Francis, Jill, Kaner, Eileen F, Dickinson, Heather O, Beyer, Fiona, ...

Abstract Background Implementation research is the scientific study of methods to promote the systematic uptake of clinical research findings into routine clinical practice. Several interventions...

Recovery of hand function through mental practice: A study protocol (2006)

Ietswaart, Magdalena, Johnston, Marie, Dijkerman, H Chris, Scott, Clare L, Joice, Sara A, Hamilton, Steven, ...

Abstract Background The study aims to assess the therapeutic benefits of motor imagery training in stroke patients with persistent motor weakness. There is evidence to suggest that mental rehearsal...

A trial platform to develop a tailored theory-based intervention to improve professional practice in the disclosure of a diagnosis of dementia: Study protocol [ISRCTN15871014] (2006)

Eccles, Martin P, Foy, Robbie, Bamford, Claire H, Hughes, Julian C, Johnston, Marie, Whitty, Paula M, ...

Abstract Background For people with dementia, care should include an explanation of the diagnosis to individuals and their carers, and information about the likely prognosis and possible packages of...

Implementation Science 2006, 1:7 doi:10.1186/1748-5908-1-7 (2006)

Martin P Eccles, Robbie Foy, Claire H Bamford, Julian C Hughes, Marie Johnston, Paula M Whitty, ...

This Provisional PDF corresponds to the article as it appeared upon acceptance. The fully-formatted PDF version will become available shortly after the date of publication, from the URL listed below....

Implementation Science BioMed Central Systematic Review (2006)

Martin P Eccles, Susan Hrisos, Jill Francis, Eileen F Kaner, Heather O Dickinson, Fiona Beyer, ...

Do self- reported intentions predict clinicians ' behaviour: a systematic review

BMC Health Services Research BioMed Central Study protocol (2006)

Anne L Langston, Marie Johnston, Clare Robertson, Marion K Campbell, Vikki A Entwistle, Theresa M Marteau, ...

Protocol for stage 1 of the GaP study (Genetic testing acceptability for Paget's disease of bone): an interview study about genetic testing and preventive treatment: would relatives of people...

A causal modelling approach to the development of theory-based behaviour change programmes for trial evaluation (2005)

Hardeman, Wendy, Sutton, Stephen, Griffin, Simon, Johnston, Marie, White, Anthony, Wareham, Nicholas J., ...

Theory-based intervention programmes to support health-related behaviour change aim to increase health impact and improve understanding of mechanisms of behaviour change. However, the science of...

A causal modelling approach to the development of theory-based behaviour change programmes for trial evaluation (2005)

Hardeman, Wendy, Sutton, Stephen, Griffin, Simon, Johnston, Marie, White, Anthony, Wareham, Nicholas J., ...

Theory-based intervention programmes to support health-related behaviour change aim to increase health impact and improve understanding of mechanisms of behaviour change. However, the science of...

A causal modelling approach to the development of theory-based behaviour change programmes for trial evaluation (2005)

Hardeman, Wendy, Sutton, Stephen, Griffin, Simon, Johnston, Marie, White, Anthony, Wareham, Nicholas J., ...

Theory-based intervention programmes to support health-related behaviour change aim to increase health impact and improve understanding of mechanisms of behaviour change. However, the science of...

PRIME – PRocess modelling in ImpleMEntation research: selecting a theoretical basis for interventions to change clinical practice (2003)

Walker, Anne E, Grimshaw, Jeremy, Johnston, Marie, Pitts, Nigel, Steen, Nick, Eccles, Martin

Abstract Background Biomedical research constantly produces new findings but these are not routinely translated into health care practice. One way to address this problem is to develop effective...

Distress, Expressed Emotion, and Attributions in Relatives of Schizophrenia Patients (1996)

Barrowclough, Christine, Tarrier, Nicholas, Johnston, Marie

This article investigates the level of distress in relatives at the time of an acute episode of illness in the schizophrenia sufferer. Guided by attributional literature on the prediction of distress...

FACILITATING COMPREHENSION OF DISCHARGE MEDICATION IN ELDERLY PATIENTS (1986)

JOHNSTON, MARIE, CLARKE, ALEX, MUNDY, KAREN, CROMARTY, EVELYN, RIDOUT, KATE

Provision of adequate information is well established as an important determinant of patient compliance with taking medication. Elderly patients, who constitute a large proportion of patients...

Changing clinical behaviour by making guidelines specific

Michie, Susan, Johnston, Marie

Efforts to get doctors to follow guidelines have overlooked the importance of clear and concise recommendations

Changing clinical behaviour by making guidelines specific

Michie, Susan, Johnston, Marie

Efforts to get doctors to follow guidelines have overlooked the importance of clear and concise recommendations

Theoretical framework and methodological development of common subjective health outcome measures in osteoarthritis: a critical review

Pollard, Beth, Johnston, Marie, Dixon, Diane

Subjective measures involving clinician ratings or patient self-assessments have become recognised as an important tool for the assessment of health outcome. The value of a health outcome measure is...

The work of a clinical psychologist in primary care

Johnston, Marie

The data presented suggest that general practitioners would be likely to refer a large number of patients with diverse problems to clinical psychologists working in health centres. Compared with a...

Consequences of disease: testing the WHO International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH) model

Johnston, Marie, Pollard, Beth

The International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH) model proposes that there are three consequences of disease, impairment (I), disability (D) and handicap (H) and...

Cognitive representations of illness and functional and affective adjustment following surgery for osteoarthritis

Orbell, Sheina, Johnston, Marie, Rowley, David, Espley, Arthur, Davey, Peter

A prospective investigation is described which sought to test the role of illness cognitions in determining patient responses to a surgical intervention for osteoarthritis. Illness cognitions were...

Applying psychological theory to evidence-based clinical practice: Identifying factors predictive of taking intra-oral radiographs

Bonetti, Debbie, Pitts, Nigel B., Eccles, Martin, Grimshaw, Jeremy, Johnston, Marie, Steen, Nick, ...

This study applies psychological theory to the implementation of evidence-based clinical practice. The first objective was to see if variables from psychological frameworks (developed to understand,...

Problems with the Sickness Impact Profile: a theoretically based analysis and a proposal for a new method of implementation and scoring

Pollard, Beth, Johnston, Marie

The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) is one of the most widely used health status measures, but there are problems with the measure that lead to inconsistent and illogical scores. There are many...

Guiding the design and selection of interventions to influence the implementation of evidence-based practice: an experimental simulation of a complex intervention trial

Bonetti, Debbie, Eccles, Martin, Johnston, Marie, Steen, Nick, Grimshaw, Jeremy, Baker, Rachel, ...

A consistent finding in health services research is the report of uneven uptake of research findings. Implementation trials have a variable record of success in effectively influencing clinicians'...

Theoretical framework and methodological development of common subjective health outcome measures in osteoarthritis: a critical review

Pollard, Beth, Johnston, Marie, Dixon, D.

Subjective measures involving clinician ratings or self-assessments have become recognised as an important tool for the assessment of health outcome. The value of a health outcome measure is usually...