Martin Knapp

Housing services for people with mental disorders in England: patient characteristics, care provision and costs (2009)

Priebe, Stefan, Saidi, Marya, Want, Anna, Mangalore, Roshni, Knapp, Martin

Background and aims: Since de-institutionalisation, housing services have taken a central role in the care of patients with severe mental illness. Yet, little is known about the characteristics of...

Financial incentives to improve adherence to anti-psychotic maintenance medication in non-adherent patients: a cluster randomised controlled trial (FIAT) (2009)

Priebe, Stefan, Burton, Alexandra, Ashby, Deborah, Ashcroft, Richard, Burns, Tom, David, Anthony, ...

Background: Various interventions have been tested to achieve adherence to anti-psychotic maintenance medication in non-adherent patients with psychotic disorders, and there is no consistent evidence...

Financial incentives to improve adherence to anti-psychotic maintenance medication in non-adherent patients - a cluster randomised controlled trial (FIAT) (2009)

Priebe, Stefan, Burton, Alexandra, Ashby, Deborah, Ashcroft, Richard, Burns, Tom, David, Anthony, ...

Abstract Background Various interventions have been tested to achieve adherence to anti-psychotic maintenance medication in non-adherent patients with psychotic disorders, and there is no consistent...

Caring for people with depression or with schizophrenia: are the consequences different? (2009)

Van Wijngaarden, Bob, Koeter, Maarten, Knapp, Martin, Tansella, Michele, Thornicroft, Graham, Vázquez-Barquero, José-Luis, ...

Attention to caregiver consequences has been mainly restricted to caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. The few studies done in depression were conducted on small samples and/or with...

DOMINO-AD protocol: donepezil and memantine in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease: a multicentre RCT (2009)

Jones, Rob, Sheehan, Bart, Phillips, Patrick, Knapp, Martin

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the commonest cause of dementia. Cholinesterase inhibitors, such as donepezil, are the drug class with the best evidence of efficacy, licensed for mild to...

Impact of psychotic relapse definitions in assessing drug efficacy and costs: comparison of quetiapine XR, olanzapine and paliperidone ER (2009)

Knapp, Martin, Locklear, Julie, Jarbrink, Krister

Objective: The objective of this study was to illustrate the implications of using standardised psychotic relapse definitions by comparing published clinical trial relapse and drop-out rates for...

The treatment of challenging behaviour in intellectual disabilities: cost-effectiveness analysis (2009)

Romeo, Renee, Knapp, Martin, Tyrer, P., Crawford, M., Oliver-Africano, P.

Background: Antipsychotic drugs are used in the routine treatment of adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) and challenging behaviour in the UK despite limited evidence of their effectiveness....

Residential services in Europe: findings from the DECLOC study (2009)

Beadle-Brown, Julie, Mansell, Jim, Knapp, Martin, Beecham, Jennifer

Background and aims: This study aimed to collate and summarise statistical information on the number of people with disabilities living in all types of residential care but with a particular focus on...

Balance of care (deinstitutionalisation in Europe): results from the Mental Health Economics European Network (MHEEN) (2009)

Knapp, Martin, McDaid, David, Medeiros, Helena

Introduction: Limited research has been undertaken in Europe examining the shift in the balance of care from psychiatric facilities to community/alternative based facilities (deinstitutionalisation)....

Economic cost of autism in the UK (2009)

Knapp, Martin, Romeo, Renée, Beecham, Jennifer

Autism has lifetime consequences, with potentially a range of impacts on the health, wellbeing, social integration and quality of life of individuals and families. Many of those impacts are economic....

Cost estimation of a health-check intervention for adults with intellectual disabilities in the UK (2009)

Romeo, Renee, Knapp, Martin, Morrison, J., Melville, C., Allan, L., Finlayson, J., ...

Background: High rates of health needs among adults with intellectual disabilities flag the need for information about the economic consequences of strategies to identify and address unmet needs....

Neuroleptics in the treatment of aggressive challenging behaviour for people with intellectual disabilities: a randomised controlled trial (NACHBID) (2009)

Tyrer, Peter, Oliver-Africano, P., Romeo, Renee, Knapp, Martin

Objectives: To assess the effects and cost-effectiveness of haloperidol, risperidone and placebo on aggressive challenging behaviour in adults with intellectual disability. Design: A double-blind...

UK cost-consequence analysis of aripiprazole in schizophrenia: diabetes and coronary heart disease risk projections (STAR study) (2009)

Barnett, Anthony H., Millar, Helen L., Loze, Jean-Yves, L'Italien, Gilbert J., Van Baardewijk, Marc, Knapp, Martin

Patients with schizophrenia experience elevated rates of morbidity and mortality, largely due to an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. There is increasing concern that some...

Health-related quality of life (HRQL) and continuous antipsychotic treatment: 3-year results from the schizophrenia health outcomes (SOHO) study (2009)

Alonso, Jordi, Croudace, Tim, Brown, Jacqueline, Gasquet, Isabelle, Knapp, Martin, Suarez, David, ...

Objectives: We investigated the association between continuous antipsychotic use and health-related quality of life (HRQL) 3-year change in the European Schizophrenia Outpatients Health Outcomes...

Treatment paths and costs for young adults with acquired brain injury in the United Kingdom (2009)

Beecham, Jennifer, Perkins, Margaret, Snell, Tom, Knapp, Martin

Primary objectives: To identify the health and social care services used by young adults aged 18-25 years with acquired brain injury (ABI) and the costs of these supports. Research methods: A review...

Economics and new strategies for funding and financing (2009)

Knapp, Martin, Cabases Hita, Juan

Introduction: Decision makers in care and support systems across Europe are increasingly facing up to new economic realities. Most obvious among the forces that are changing the economic context is...

A comparison of SF-6D and EQ-5D utility scores in a study of patients with schizophrenia (2009)

McCrone, Paul, Patel, Anita, Knapp, Martin, Schene, Aart, Koeter, Maarten, Ammadeo, Francesco, ...

Economic evaluations of healthcare interventions increasingly measure outcomes using quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). The SF-6D and the EQ-5D are alternative ways of generating utility scores for...

Economic impact of early intervention in people at high risk of psychosis (2009)

Valmaggia, L. R., McCrone, P., Knapp, Martin, Woolley, J. B., Broome, M. R., Tabraham, P., ...

Background: Despite the increasing development of early intervention services for psychosis, little is known about their cost-effectiveness. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of Outreach and Support...

Long-term care, organisation and financing (2008)

Knapp, Martin, Somani, Ami

Long-term care is provided for individuals – particularly older people – who have lost self-care capacity because of chronic illness or disability, to improve personal functioning and quality of...

Age discrimination in mental health services (2008)

Beecham, Jennifer, Knapp, Martin, Fernandez, Jose-Luis, Huxley, Peter, Mangalore, Roshni, McCrone, Paul R., ...

The UK government is considering the introduction of legislation to outlaw age discrimination in the provision of public services. The Department of Health commissioned a short piece of research to...

Outcomes and costs of community living: semi-independent living and fully staffed group homes (2008)

Felce, David, Perry, Jonathan, Romeo, Renee, Robertson, Janet, Meek, Andrea, Emerson, Eric, ...

In a matched-groups design, costs and quality of life outcomes for adults with intellectual disabilities with relatively low support needs were compared between those in fully staffed group homes (n...

Prisoners' families: civic virtue and policies of impoverishment (2008)

Smith, Rose, Grimshaw, Roger, Romeo, Renee, Knapp, Martin

This article explores the poverty and disadvantage experienced by prisoners' families living at or below the level officially recognised as 'poor'. Current social policy ignores the priority given to...

Training for change: early days of individual budgets and the implications for social work and care management practice: a qualitative study of the views of trainers (2008)

Manthorpe, Jill, Jacobs, Sally, Rapaport, Joan, Challis, David, Harris, Jess, Netten, Ann, ...

Individual Budgets are central to the implementation of English government policy goals in social care. Like other consumer-directed or self-directed support programmes operating in parts of the...

Mental health and work (2008)

Lelliott, Paul, Boardman, Jed, Harvey, Sam, Henderson, Max, Knapp, Martin, Tulloch, Simon

Produced by the Royal College of Psychiatrists for the cross-government Health, Work and Well-being programme

Cost-benefit analysis of psychological therapy (2007)

Layard, Richard, Clark, David, Knapp, Martin, Mayraz, Guy

At present six million people are suffering from clinical depression or anxiety disorders, but only a quarter of them are in treatment. NICE Guidelines prescribe the offer of evidence-based...

Cost-benefit analysis of psychological therapy (2007)

Layard, Richard, Clark, David, Knapp, Martin, Mayraz, Guy

At present six million people are suffering from clinical depression or anxiety disorders, but only a quarter of them are in treatment. NICE Guidelines prescribe the offer of evidence-based...

Mental health expenditure in England: a spatial panel approach (2007)

Moscone, Francesco, Knapp, Martin, Tosetti, Elisa

We empirically investigate the determinants of local authority mental health expenditure in England. We adopt a reduced form demand and supply model, extended to incorporate possible interaction...

Mental health expenditure in England: a spatial panel approach (2007)

Moscone, Francesco, Knapp, Martin, Tosetti, Elisa

We empirically investigate the determinants of local authority mental health expenditure in England. We adopt a reduced form demand and supply model, extended to incorporate possible interaction...

Donepezil for the treatment of agitation in Alzheimer's disease (2007)

Howard, Robert J., Juszczak, Edmund, Ballard, Clive G., Bentham, Peter, Brown, Richard G., Bullock, Roger, ...

Background: Agitation is a common and distressing symptom in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Cholinesterase inhibitors improve cognitive outcomes in such patients, but the benefits of these drugs...

Resources for mental health: scarcity, inequity, and inefficiency (2007)

Saxena, Shekhar, Thornicroft, Graham, Knapp, Martin, Whiteford, Harvey

Resources for mental health include policy and infrastructure within countries, mental health services, community resources, human resources, and funding. We discuss here the general availability of...

Transition pathways for young people with complex disabilities: exploring the economic consequences (2006)

Knapp, Martin, Perkins, Margaret, Beecham, Jennifer, Dhanasiri, S K

Section five of "The RITE transition the only way forward". The RITE project was a four-year joint venture between the ACE Centre Oxford and the DARE Foundation.

Young families under stress: assessing maternal and child well-being using a mixed methods approach (2006)

McAuley, Colette, McCurry, Nyree, Knapp, Martin, Beecham, Jennifer, Sleed, Michelle

Supporting parents has been reinforced as central to improving children's lives. Assessment of needs, however, is crucial to the provision of effective support. This paper focuses upon the assessment...

Schizophrenia Patients With Cognitive Deficits: Factors Associated With Costs (2006)

Patel, Anita, Everitt, Brian, Knapp, Martin, Reeder, Clare, Grant, Deidre, Ecker, Christine, ...

Cognitive deficits in people with schizophrenia are associated with poor functioning and lower quality of life. Because few studies have examined their relationship with service use or costs, it is...

Schizophrenia Patients With Cognitive Deficits: Factors Associated With Costs (2006)

Patel, Anita, Everitt, Brian, Knapp, Martin, Reeder, Clare, Grant, Deidre, Ecker, Christine, ...

Cognitive deficits in people with schizophrenia are associated with poor functioning and lower quality of life. Because few studies have examined their relationship with service use or costs, it is...

Economic barriers to better mental health practice and policy (2006)

Knapp, Martin, Funk, Michelle, Curran, Claire, Prince, Martin, Grigg, Margaret, McDaid, David

Mental health systems in many countries are seriously under-developed, yet mental health problems not only have huge consequences for quality of life, but – particularly in low- and middle-income...

Financing mental health services in low- and middle-income countries (2006)

Dixon, Anna, McDaid, David, Knapp, Martin, Curran, Claire

Mental disorders account for a significant and growing proportion of the global burden of disease and yet remain a low priority for public financing in health systems globally. In many low-income...

Economic barriers to better mental health practice and policy (2006)

Knapp, Martin, Funk, Michelle, Curran, Claire, Prince, Martin, Grigg, Margaret, Mcdaid, David

Mental health systems in many countries are seriously under-developed, yet mental health problems not only have huge consequences for quality of life, but - particularly in low- and middle-income...

Financing mental health services in low- and middle-income countries (2006)

Dixon, Anna, Mcdaid, David, Knapp, Martin, Curran, Claire

Mental disorders account for a significant and growing proportion of the global burden of disease and yet remain a low priority for public financing in health systems globally. In many low-income...

Economic evaluations of child and adolescent mental health interventions : a systematic review (2005)

Romeo, Renée, Byford, Sarah, Knapp, Martin

BACKGROUND : The need has grown over recent years for economic information on the impacts of child and adolescent mental helath problems and the cost-effectiveness of interventions. METHODS : A range...

Economic evaluations of child and adolescent mental health interventions : a systematic review (2005)

Romeo, Renée, Byford, Sarah, Knapp, Martin

BACKGROUND : The need has grown over recent years for economic information on the impacts of child and adolescent mental helath problems and the cost-effectiveness of interventions. METHODS : A range...

Economic evaluations of child and adolescent mental health interventions : a systematic review (2005)

Romeo, Renée, Byford, Sarah, Knapp, Martin

BACKGROUND : The need has grown over recent years for economic information on the impacts of child and adolescent mental helath problems and the cost-effectiveness of interventions. METHODS : A range...

Intellectual disability, challenging behaviour and cost in care accomodation : what are the links? (2005)

Knapp, Martin, Comas-Herrera, Adelina, Astin, Jack, Beecham, Jennifer, Pendaries, Claude

The paper examines the links between degree of intellectual disability, challenging behaviour, service utilisation and cost for a group of people with intellectual disabilities living in care...

Intellectual disability, challenging behaviour and cost in care accomodation : what are the links? (2005)

Knapp, Martin, Comas-Herrera, Adelina, Astin, Jack, Beecham, Jennifer, Pendaries, Claude

The paper examines the links between degree of intellectual disability, challenging behaviour, service utilisation and cost for a group of people with intellectual disabilities living in care...

Intellectual disability, challenging behaviour and cost in care accommodation: what are the links? (2005)

Knapp, Martin, Comas-Herrera, Adelina, Astin, Jack, Beecham, Jennifer, Pendaries, Claude

The paper examines the links between degree of intellectual disability, challenging behaviour, service utilisation and cost for a group of people with intellectual disabilities living in care...

Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders: recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology (2005)

Baldwin, David S., Anderson, Ian M., Nutt, David J., Bandelow, Borwin, Bond, A., Davidson, Jonathan R.T., ...

These British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines cover the range and aims of treatment for anxiety disorders. They are based explicitly on the available evidence and are presented as...

A comparison of two methods of collecting economic data in primary care (2005)

Patel, Anita, Rendu, Alison, Moran, Paul, Leese, Morven, Mann, Anthony, Knapp, Martin

Background. There have been few attempts to assess alternative methods of collecting resource use data for economic evaluations. Objective. This study aimed to compare two methods of collecting...

The State of Care Management in Learning Disability and Mental Health Services 12 Years into Community Care (2005)

Cambridge, Paul, Forrester-Jones, Rachel, Carpenter, John, Tate, Alison, Knapp, Martin, Beecham, Jennifer, ...

This paper reports on the organization of care management from a longitudinal study of community care for people resettled from long-stay learning disability and psychiatric hospitals. The findings...

The State of Care Management in Learning Disability and Mental Health Services 12 Years into Community Care (2005)

Cambridge, Paul, Carpenter, John, Forrester-Jones, Rachel, Tate, Alison, Knapp, Martin, Beecham, Jennifer, ...

This paper reports on the organization of care management from a longitudinal study of community care for people resettled from long-stay learning disability and psychiatric hospitals. The findings...

A comparison of two methods of collecting economic data in primary care (2005)

Patel, Anita, Rendu, Alison, Moran, Paul, Leese, Morven, Mann, Anthony, Knapp, Martin

Background. There have been few attempts to assess alternative methods of collecting resource use data for economic evaluations. Objective. This study aimed to compare two methods of collecting...

Mental health and employment: some economic evidence (2004)

Curran, Claire, Knapp, Martin, Beecham, Jennifer

Journal title has changed to 'Journal of public mental health: the art, science and politics of creating a mentally healthy society'.

Mental health and employment: some economic evidence (2004)

Curran, Claire, Knapp, Martin, Beecham, Jennifer

Journal title has changed to 'Journal of public mental health: the art, science and politics of creating a mentally healthy society'.

The Global Costs of Schizophrenia (2004)

Knapp, Martin, Mangalore, Roshni, Simon, Judit

Schizophrenia is a chronic disease associated with a significant and long-lasting health, social, and financial burden, not only for patients but also for families, other caregivers, and the wider...

Satisfaction With Mental Health Services Among People With Schizophrenia in Five European Sites: Results From the EPSILON Study (2003)

Ruggeri, Mirella, Lasalvia, Antonio, Bisoffi, Giulia, Thornicroft, Graham, Vàzquez-Barquero, José Luis, Becker, Thomas, ...

Patient satisfaction with services is an important outcome variable that is increasingly used in mental health service evaluation. This study includes 404 people with schizophrenia in five European...

People With Schizophrenia in Five Countries: Conceptual Similarities and Intercultural Differences in Family Caregiving (2003)

Van Wijngaarden, Bob, Schene, Aart, Koeter, Maarten, Becker, Thomas, Knapp, Martin, Knudsen, Helle Charlotte, ...

The European Psychiatric Services: Inputs Linked to Outcomes and Needs (EPSILON) study was a EUBIOMED-2-funded comparative, cross-national, cross-sectional study aimed (1) to produce standardized...

Slicing the health service cake: the Islington study (2002)

Nelson, Tanya, Livingston, Gill, Knapp, Martin, Manela, Monica, Kitchen, Ginnette, Katona, Cornelius

Background: little is known about the factors that are associated with receipt of care in older people. This study aims to describe the pattern and predictors of service usage, by a representative...

The quality and costs of supported living residences and group homes in the United Kingdom. (2001)

Emerson, Eric, Robertson, Janet, Gregory, Nicky, Hatton, Chris, Kessissoglou, Sophia, Hallam, Angela, ...

Information was collected on 63 adults in supported living residences, 55 adults in small group homes, and 152 adults in large group homes. Results indicated that (a) there were no statistically...

The quality and costs of community-based residential supports and residential campuses for people with severe and complex disabilities. (2000)

Emerson, Eric, Robertson, Janet, Gregory, Nicky, Kessissoglou, Sophia, Hatton, Chris, Hallam, Angela, ...

The costs, nature and benefits of residential supports were examined for 20 adults with severe and complex disabilities living in newly built residential campuses and 20 adults living in small...

Measuring the outcomes of voluntary organisation activities : a scoping paper (1999)

Kendall, Jeremy, Knapp, Martin

Voluntary organisations - including charities, self-help groups and other community organisations - make significant contributions to social, economic and political life. Their impact can be local,...

Costs, Needs, and Outcomes (1991)

Beecham, Jennifer, Knapp, Martin, Fenyo, Andrew

There is a tendency in discussions of mental health policy and psychiatric practice to talk of the cost of a treatment, facility, or policy and to ignore variations. These variations can be...

Promoting Intermediate Treatment: A Problem of Excess Demand or Excess Supply? (1987)

ROBERTSON, EILEEN, KNAPP, MARTIN

Intermediate treatment (IT) has been offered and promoted as an alternative to residential care and, particularly, to custody for young people. Implicit in this promotion are two assumptions IT is...

Searching for Efficiency in Long-Term Care: De-Institutionalisation and Privatisation (1987)

KNAPP, MARTIN

This paper starts from the present emphasis on the pursuit of efficiency in public sector provision and spending. Efficiency (or ‘value for money’) has often been stressed to the neglect of other...

The Field Social Work Implications of Residential Child Care (1986)

KNAPP, MARTIN

The workloads of field social work staff vary markedly, and little is known about the ‘burdens’ imposed by different groups of clients or cases. The research study reported here set out to...

Who Leaves Social Work? (1981)

KNAPP, MARTIN, HARISSIS, KOSTAS, MISSIAKOULIS, SPYROS

Turnover and wastage rates among social work staff are high and subject to marked variation between grades, locations and local authorities. Such high rates have a number of deleterious effects on...

Staff Vacancies and Turnover in British Old People' Homes (1981)

Knapp, Martin, Harissis, Kostas

The problems of high rates of staff vacancies and turnover, low rates of recruitment, and shortages of suitably qualified or skilled candidates have long bedevilled British old people's homes. A...

The impact on general practitioners of the changing balance of care for elderly people living in institutions

Kavanagh, Shane, Knapp, Martin

Objectives: To describe utilisation of general practitioners by elderly people resident in communal establishments; to examine variations in general practitioner utilisation and estimate the likely...

Training carers of stroke patients: randomised controlled trial

Kalra, Lalit, Evans, Andrew, Perez, Inigo, Melbourn, Anne, Patel, Anita, Knapp, Martin, ...

Background Informal care givers support disabled stroke patients at home but receive little training for the caregiving role.

Training care givers of stroke patients: economic evaluation

Patel, Anita, Knapp, Martin, Evans, Andrew, Perez, Inigo, Kalra, Lalit

Background Training care givers reduces their burden and improves psychosocial outcomes in care givers and patients at one year. However, the cost effectiveness of this approach has not been...

Cost-Utility Analysis of Treatment with Olanzapine Compared with Other Antipsychotic Treatments in Patients with Schizophrenia in the Pan-European SOHO Study

Martin Knapp, Frank Windmeijer, Jacqueline Brown, Stathis Kontodimas, Spyridon Tzivelekis, Josep Maria Haro, ...

Objective: To determine the cost utility of treating schizophrenic patients with olanzapine compared with other antipsychotics in a naturalistic outpatient setting. Methods: The pan-European SOHO...

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Psychological Therapy

David Clark, Martin Knapp, Richard Layard, Guy Mayraz

At present six million people are suffering from clinical depression or anxiety disorders, but only aquarter of them are in treatment. NICE Guidelines prescribe the offer of...

Sur model with spatial effects: an application to mental health expenditure

Francesco Moscone, Elisa Tosetti, Martin Knapp

This study analyses, through the adoption of a seemingly unrelated regression approach, the temporal evolution of policy interactions among local authorities in England when allocating mental health...

Comparison of alternative methods of collection of service use data for the economic evaluation of health care interventions

Sarah Byford, Morven Leese, Martin Knapp, Helen Seivewright, Susan Cameron, Vanessa Jones, ...

Economic evaluation of health care interventions usually requires the collection of service use data to estimate the total cost of participants in an evaluation. There are a number of methods...

Adult labour market implications of antisocial behaviour in childhood and adolescence: findings from a UK longitudinal study

Andrew Healey, Martin Knapp, David P. Farrington

While antisocial behaviour in younger age groups is largely viewed as a public externality issue, there are also reasons for expecting less favourable life-course outcomes for those individuals who...

Barriers in the mind: promoting an economic case for mental health in low- and middle-income countries

MCDAID, DAVID, KNAPP, MARTIN, RAJA, SHOBA

In recent years, policy makers in high-income countries have placed an increasing emphasis on the value of maintaining good mental health, recognizing the contribution that this makes to quality of...

Multiple Sclerosis in the UK: Service Use, Costs, Quality of Life and Disability

Paul McCrone, Margaret Heslin, Martin Knapp, Paul Bull, Alan Thompson

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic condition that affects quality of life (QOL), leads to disability and requires ongoing care inputs. Few studies have examined the impact of QOL,...

Schizophrenia Patients With Cognitive Deficits: Factors Associated With Costs

Patel, Anita, Everitt, Brian, Knapp, Martin, Reeder, Clare, Grant, Deidre, Ecker, Christine, ...

Cognitive deficits in people with schizophrenia are associated with poor functioning and lower quality of life. Because few studies have examined their relationship with service use or costs, it is...