Indirect Network Effects and Adoption Externalities (2008)
Church, Jeffrey, Gandal, Neil, Krause, David
Can indirect network effects lead to adoption externalities? If so, when? We show that in markets where consumption benefits arise from hardware/software systems, adoption externalities will occur...
Indirect Network Effects and Adoption Externalities (2008)
Church, Jeffrey, Gandal, Neil, Krause, David
Can indirect network effects lead to adoption externalities? If so, when? We show that in markets where consumption benefits arise from hardware/software systems, adoption externalities will occur...
Indirect Network Effects and Adoption Externalities (2008)
Church, Jeffrey, Gandal, Neil, Krause, David
Can indirect network effects lead to adoption externalities? If so, when? We show that in markets where consumption benefits arise from hardware/software systems, adoption externalities will occur...
Indirect Network Effects and Adoption Externalities (2008)
Church, Jeffrey, Gandal, Neil, Krause, David
Can indirect network effects lead to adoption externalities? If so, when? We show that in markets where consumption benefits arise from hardware/software systems, adoption externalities will occur...
This paper considers learning in an imperfectly competitive setting. By allowing an opponent a "head start, " unsuccessful unilateral experimentation may jeopardize future sales and...
Compatibility, Standardization, and Network Effects: Some Policy Implications (2002)
Given the dramatic growth of the Internet and information‐technology industries in general, and the importance of interconnection in these networks, the economics of compatibility and...
Standardization versus Coverage in Wireless Telephone Networks (2001)
Gandal, Neil, Salant, David, Waverman, Leonard
The issue of market-based versus mandated standards has been addressed in many settings. In most settings in which network effects are present, compatibility across platforms has been a key...
The Effect of Native Language on Internet Usage (2001)
Our goal is to distinguish between the following two hypotheses: (A) The Internet will remain disproportionately in English and will, over time, cause more people to learn English as second language...
The Dynamics of Competition in the Internet Search Engine Market (2001)
Search engines hold the key to helping consumers access the wealth of information on the web. In this paper I examine the evolution of and competition in the internet search engine market. The goal...
The DVD vs. DIVX Standard War: Empirical Evidence of Vaporware (2000)
In this paper, we empirically measure the effect of the DIVX preannouncement in the DVD market. We do this by measuring the effect of potential (incompatible) competition on a network undergoing...
The DVD vs. DIVX Standard War: Empirical Evidence of Vaporware (2000)
In this paper, we empirically measure the effect of the DIVX preannouncement in the DVD market. We do this by measuring the effect of potential (incompatible) competition on a network undergoing...
The Dynamics of Competition in the Internet Search Engine Market (2000)
Search engines hold the key to helping consumers access the wealth of information on the web. In this paper I examine the evolution of and competition in the internet search engine market. The goal...
Adoptions and Orphans in the Early Microcomputer Market (1995)
Neil Gandal, Shane Greenstein, David Salant
In this paper we develop a model with (1) differentiated consumers, (2) endogenous adoption times, (3) technical uncertainty, and (4) alternative technologies sponsored by competing vendors. We...
Equilibrium Foreclosure and Complementary Products (1993)
In this paper we address the possibility of horizontal foreclosure in markets for complementary services (software) where the consumption value of durables (hardware) depends on the availability of...
In this paper we address the possibility of horizontal foreclosure in markets for complementary services (software) where the consumption value of durables (hardware) depends on the availability of...
Internet Security, Vulnerability Disclosure and Software Provision
Choi, Jay-Pil, Fershtman, Chaim, Gandal, Neil
In this paper, we examine how software vulnerabilities affect firms that license software and consumers that purchase software. In particular, we model three decisions of the firm: (i) an upfront...
Intellectual Property and Standardization Committee Participation in the US Modem Industry
Gandal, Neil, Gantman, Nataly, Genesove, David
The authors take a preliminary look at the interaction between patenting and standardization committee participation in the US modem industry. Both involve a much wider set of firms than the...
Platform Competition in Telecommunications
In this Paper we consider the economics of platform competition in telecommunications. Platform competition occurs when different, sometimes incompatible, technologies compete to provide...
Network Security: Vulnerabilities and Disclosure Policy
Choi, Jay-Pil, Fershtman, Chaim, Gandal, Neil
Software security is a major concern for vendors, consumers, and regulators since attackers that exploit vulnerabilities can cause substantial damages. When vulnerabilities are discovered after the...
A Consistent Weighted Ranking Scheme with an Application to NCAA College Football Rankings
Fainmesser, Itay, Fershtman, Chaim, Gandal, Neil
The NCAA college football ratings, in which the "so-called" national champion is determined, has been plagued by controversies the last few years. The difficulty arises because there is a need to...
Information Technology Use and Productivity at the Individual Level
Gandal, Neil, King III, Charles, Van Alstyne, Marshall W.
We employ a unique data set on white-collar workers that combines direct observations of individual use of information technology as well as objective information on individual performance. The main...
Adoptions and Orphans in the Early Microcomputer Market
Neil Gandal, Shane GreenStein, David Salant
In this paper we examine the development of the micro-computer market in the early 1980's. CP/M, a widely adopted operating system, was orphaned by the user and development communities. A new...
The Dynamics of Technological Adoption in Hardware/Software Systems
Neil Gandal, Michael Kende, Rafael Rob
In this paper we examine the dyamic resolution of technological adoption in "hardware/software" systems. We are interested in determining to what extent software availability affects hardware sales...
Planned Obsolescence as an Engine of Technological Progress.
Fishman, Arthur, Gandal, Neil, Shy, Oz
Critics of capitalism contend that many products are designed to have uneconomically short lives, with the intention of forcing consumers to repurchase too frequently. This phenomenon is commonly...
Asymmetric Information and Commodity Money: Tickling the Tolerance in Medieval France.
An important development in Europe was the emergence of nationally circulating commodity money. Asymmetric information between coin producers and users provided rulers with an opportunity to supply a...
Adoptions and Orphans in the Early Microcomputer Market.
Gandal, Neil, Greenstein, Shane, Salant, David
In this paper, the authors examine the development of the microcomputer market in the early 1980s. CP/M, a widely-adopted operating system, was orphaned by the user and the development communities. A...
Sequential Auctions of Interdependent Objects: Israeli Cable Television Licenses.
In Israel, area cable television licenses were auctioned sequentially. This paper provides evidence that there were interdependencies among many of the franchises and that subscriber fees for the...
Network Effects, Software Provision, and Standardization.
In this paper, the authors examine the software provision decision of software firms. The provision decision by software firms determines the value and, hence, the market share of competing hardware...
The Dvd-vs.-Divx Standard War: Empirical Evidence of Network Effects and Preannouncement Effects
We test empirically for network effects and preannouncement effects in the DVD market. We do this by measuring the effect of potential (incompatible) competition on a network undergoing growth. We...
Systems Competition, Vertical Merger, and Foreclosure
We address the possibility of foreclosure in markets where the final good consists of a system composed of a hardware good and complementary software and the value of the system depends on the...
Microstructure of Collaboration: The 'Social Network' of Open Source Software
Fershtman, Chaim, Gandal, Neil
The open source model is a form of software development with source code that is typically made available to all interested parties. At the core of this process is a decentralized production process:...
Experimentation and Learning with Network Effects
Abtract: This paper considers learning in an imperfectly competitive setting. By allowing an opponent a ``head start," unsuccessful unilateral experimentation may jeopardize future sales and profits....
Hedonic price indexes for spreadsheets and an empirical test of the network externalities hypothesis
In this paper, I first estimate hedonic price equations for computer spreadsheet programs, and then use the analysis to empirically test whether network externalities exist in this industry. The...
Equilibrium Foreclosure and Complementary Products
In this paper we address the possibility of horizontal foreclosure in markets for complementary services (software) where the consumption value of durables (hardware) depends on the availability of...
Sequential Auctions of Israeli Cable Television Licenses: The Morning Effect
(In Israel, area cable television (CATV) licenses were auctioned sequentially. This paper empirically finds a ``morning" effect, that is, greater competition in later rounds of the auction. While...
Adoptions and Orphans in the Early Microcomputer Market
Neil Gandal, Shane Greenstein, David Salant
In this paper we develop a model with (1) differentiated consumers, (2) endogenous adoption times, (3) technical uncertainty, and (4) alternative technologies sponsored by competing vendors. We...
Open source software: Motivation and restrictive licensing
Open source software, Intrinsic motivation, Professional status, Signaling, Restrictive licenses, D20, L86,
The DVD vs. DIVX Standard War: Empirical Evidence of Vaporware
In this paper, we empirically measure the effect of the DIVX preannouncement in the DVD market. We do this by measuring the effect of potential (incompatible) competition on a network undergoing...
Indirect Network Effects and Adoption Externalities
Church, Jeffrey, Gandal, Neil, Krause, David
The conventional wisdom is that indirect network effects, unlike direct network effects, do not give rise to externalities. In this Paper we show that under very general conditions, indirect network...
The Effect of the Arab Boycott on Israel: The Automobile Market
Recent progress towards a comprehensive peace in the Middle East has led to a relaxation of the enforcement of the Arab economic boycott of Israel. This in turn has led to the entry of all the major...
The DVD vs. DIVX Standard War: Empirical Evidence of Vaporware
In this paper, we empirically measure the effect of the DIVX preannouncement in the DVD market. We do this by measuring the effect of potential (incompatible) competition on a network undergoing...
The Dynamics of Competition in the Internet Search Engine Market
Search engines hold the key to helping consumers access the wealth of information on the web. In this paper I examine the evolution of and competition in the internet search engine market. The goal...
Indirect Network Effects and Adoption Externalities
Jeffrey Church, Neil Gandal, David Krause
The conventional wisdom is that indirect network effects, unlike direct network effects, do not give rise to externalities. In this paper we show that under very general conditions, indirect network...
Neil Gandal, Michael Kende, Rafael Rob
We examine the diffusion of a hardware/software system. For such systems there is interdependence between the hardware-adoption decisions of consumers and the supply decisions of software...
The Effect of the Arab Boycott on Israel: The Automobile Market
Recent progress toward a comprehensive peace in the Middle East has led to a relaxation of the enforcement of the Arab economic boycott of Israel. This in turn has led to the entry of all the major...
Hedonic Price Indexes for Spreadsheets and an Empirical Test for Network Externalities
In this article, I first estimate hedonic price equations for computer spreadsheet programs, and then use the analysis to empirically test whether network externalities exist in this industry. The...
The Dynamics of Competition in the Internet Search Engine Market
Search engines hold the key to helping consumers access the wealth of information on the web. In this paper I examine the evolution of and competition in the internet search engine market. The goal...
The DVD vs. DIVX Standard War: Empirical Evidence of Vaporware
In this paper, we empirically measure the effect of the DIVX preannouncement in the DVD market. We do this by measuring the effect of potential (incompatible) competition on a network undergoing...
The Dynamics of Competition in the Internet Search Engine Market
Search engines hold the key to helping consumers access the wealth of information on the web. In this paper I examine the evolution of and competition in the internet search engine market. The goal...
Gandal, Neil, Kirkwood MP, Archy, Rob, Rafael
In this paper we examine the diffusion of a hardware/software system. For such systems there is interdependence between the hardware adoption decisions of consumers and the supply decisions of...
Estimating the Effects of Tax Reform in Differentiated Product Oligopolistic Markets
Fershtman, Chaim, Gandal, Neil, Markovich, Sarit
The incidence of taxation and the design of an optimal tax system have been extensively discussed in the public finance literature but mainly within a competitive market setting or within a...
Two important welfare implications of network effects are that (1) market forces often result in suboptimal standardization, that is, left alone the market may fail to achieve standardization when it...
The Effect of Native Language on Internet Usage
In this Paper, I explore the relationship between native language and use of the Internet and examine whether English is likely to retain its first-mover advantage of a large installed base of...
The DVD Versus DIVX Standard War: Empirical Evidence of Network Effects and Preannouncement Effects
In this Paper, we empirically test for network effects and preannouncement effects in the DVD market. We do this by measuring the effect of potential (incompatible) competition on a network...
Good Neighbours / Bad Citizens: Personal Value Priorities of Economists
Several recent studies found that the behaviour of economists was less cooperative than the behaviour of non-economists. Other studies found, however, that economists behaved no differently than...
Surviving a Standards War: Lessons Learned from the Life and Death of DIVX
In April 1997, a consortium of hardware manufacturers and movie studios launched the DVD format. By that fall, electronics retailing giant Circuit City announced its intentions to launch a partially...
The Determinants of Output Per Contributor in Open Source Projects: An Empirical Examination
Fershtman, Chaim, Gandal, Neil
Using a unique dataset we examine empirically which factors explain output per contributor in open source projects. We find that the output per contributor of open source programmes is much higher...
Personal Value Priorities of Economists
Gandal, Neil, Roccas, Sonia, Sagiv, Lilach, Wrzesniewski, Amy
Economists often play crucial roles in designing and implementing public policies; thus it is of importance to better understand the values that underlie their decisions. We explore the value...
Competing Compatibility Standards and Network Externalities in the PC Software Market.
This paper is an empirical study of the value of four file compatibility standards for transferring data in the personal computer software market. The results are that only the LOTUS file...
Compatibility, Standardization, and Network Effects: Some Policy Implications
Given the dramatic growth of the Internet and information-technology industries in general, and the importance of interconnection in these networks, the economics of compatibility and standardization...
Indirect Network Effects and Adoption Externalities
Jeffrey Church, Neil Gandal, David Krause
Can indirect network effects lead to adoption externalities? If so, when? We show that in markets where consumption benefits arise from hardware/software systems, adoption externalities will occur...
Technology, Trade, and Adjustment to Immigration in Israel
Neil Gandal, Gordon H. Hanson, Matthew J. Slaughter
In the early 1990s Israel experienced a large and concentrated surge of immigration from the former Soviet Union. Most Russian immigrants had high education levels relative to the average Israeli....
Microstructure of Collaboration: The Network of Open Source Software
The open source model is a form of software development with source code that is typically made available to all interested parties. At the core of this process is a decentralized production process:...
Obesity and Price Sensitivity at the Supermarket
Gandal, Neil, Shabelansky, Anastasia
In this paper, we employ a rich data set at the individual level in order to examine which factors are most highly correlated with obesity. Our main result is that, even after controlling for income...