Nina Smith

The impact of Nordic countries' family friendly policies on employment, wages, and children (2008)

Gupta, Nabanita Datta, Smith, Nina, Verner, Mette

The Nordic countries at the same time exhibit a remarkably high participation rate of mothers and a more moderate decline in fertility rates compared to other Western countries. This has been...

De økonomiske effekter af familievenlig politik i de nordiske lande (2008)

Gupta, Nabanita Datta, Smith, Nina, Verner, Mette

I denne artikel belyser vi den senesteforskning indenfor effekterne af familiepolitikken i de nordiske lande. Vi spørger, hvilke fordele og ulemper familiepolitikken har haft for ligestillingen,for...

Selection and network effects - Migration flows into OECD countries 1990-2000 (2008)

Pedersen, Peder J., Pytlikova, Mariola, Smith, Nina

This paper presents empirical evidence on immigration flows into the OECD countries during the period 1990-2000. Our results indicate that network effects are strong, but vary between different...

Women in Top Management and Firm Performance (2008)

Smith, Nina, Smith, Valdemar, Verner, Mette

nullThe purpose of this study is to present new evidence on the relationship between gender diversity in management and firm performance. According to corporate governance literature, board diversity...

Gender differences in promotion into top-management jobs (2008)

Bell, Linda, Smith, Nina, Smith, Valdemar, Verner, Mette

nullIn this paper the promotion process of top executive officers (CEOs) in Danish private firms is analysed. The main research question to be analysed is whether the lower chances for women to...

Swimming Upstream, Floating Downstream: Comparing Women's Relative Wage Progress in the United States and Denmark (2006)

Datta Gupta, Nabanita, Oaxaca, Ronald L., Smith, Nina

Applying a new decomposition method to U.S. PSID and Danish Longitudinal Sample data, the authors compare how U.S. and Danish gender wage gaps developed between 1983 and 1995. In Denmark, they find,...

Analyzing Trends in the U.S. and Danish Gender Wage Gaps in the 1980s and 1990s (2006)

Smith, Nina, Datta Gupta, Nabanita, Oaxaca, Ronald L.

Trends in US and Danish gender wage gaps in the 1980s and 1990s are analysed within the framework of simple auto-regressive time-series models. Results show a saturation effect in the wage progress...

Selection or network effects? Migration flows into 27 OECD countries, 1990-2000 (2004)

Pedersen, Peder J., Pytlikova, Mariola, Smith, Nina

Recent migration patterns show growing migration pressure and changing composition of immigrants in many Western countries. During the latest decade, an increasing proportion of the OECD immigrants...

Selection or Network Effects? Migration Flows into 27 OECD Countries, 1990-2000 (2004)

Pedersen, P.J., Pytlikova, Mariola, Smith, Nina

Recent migration patterns show growing migration pressure and changing composition of immigrants in many Western countries. During the latest decade, an increasing proportion of the OECD immigrants...

Selection or Network Effects? Migration Flows into 27 OECD Countries, 1990-2000 (2004)

Pedersen, P.J., Pytlikova, Mariola, Smith, Nina

Recent migration patterns show growing migration pressure and changing composition of immigrants in many Western countries. During the latest decade, an increasing proportion of the OECD immigrants...

OECD migration, welfare and skill selectivity (2003)

Pedersen, Peder, Pytlikova, Mariola, Smith, Nina

Recent migration patterns show growing migration pressure and changing composition of immigrants in many Western countries. According to theory, the impact of immigration depends on the skill...

The effects of taxation on married women's labour supply across four countries (2003)

Smith, Nina, Dex, Shirley, Vlasblom, Jan Dirk, Callan, Tim

The labour force participation rate of married women varies considerably between European countries. There may be several explanations for this evidence. In this study, the effect of the different...

Children and Career Interruptions: The Family Gap in Denmark (2002)

Gupta, Nabanita Datta, Smith, Nina

Abstract: The effect of children and career interruptions on the family gap is analysed based on longitudinal data covering the years 1980-1995. The estimated model controls for unobserved...

Unemployment Traps: Do Financial Disincentives Matter? (2002)

Pedersen, Peder J., Smith, Nina

This paper analyses the importance of financial disincentives for workers in Denmark. Based on a panel survey which is merged to a number of administrative registers it is possible to calculate...

Qualifications, Discrimination, or Assimilation? An Extended Framework for Analysing Immigrant Wage Gaps (2001)

Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina, Husted, Leif

In this paper, we analyze immigrant wage gaps and propose an extension of the traditional wage decomposition technique, which is a synthesis from two strains of literature on ethnic/immigrant wage...

Intergenerational Transmission and the School-to-work Transition for 2nd Generation Immigrants (2001)

Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina, Husted, Leif

We analyse the extent of intergenerational transmission through parental capital, ethnic capital and neighbourhood effects on several aspects of the school-to-work transition of 2nd generation...

Intergenerational Transmission and the School-to-work Transition for 2nd Generation Immigrants (2001)

Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina, Husted, Leif

We analyse the extent of intergenerational transmission through parental capital, ethnic capital and neighbourhood effects on several aspects of the school-to-work transition of 2nd generation...

Employment and Wage Assimilation of Male First-generation immigrants in Denmark (2001)

Husted, Leif, Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina

Labour market assimilation of Danish first generation male immigrants is analysed based on two panel data sets covering the population of immigrants and 10% of the Danish population during 1984-1995....

Qualifications, Discrimination, or Assimilation? An Extended Framework for Analysing Immigrant Wage Gaps (2001)

Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina, Husted, Leif

In this paper, we analyze immigrant wage gaps and propose an extension of the traditional wage decomposition technique, which is a synthesis from two strains of literature on ethnic/immigrant wage...

Employment and Wage Assimilation of Male First Generation Immigrants in Denmark (2000)

Husted, Leif, Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina

Labour market assimilation of Danish first generation male immigrants is analysed based on two panel data sets covering the population of immigrants and 10% of the Danish population during 1984-1995....

Employment and Wage Assimilation of Male First Generation Immigrants in Denmark (2000)

Husted, Leif, Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina

Labour market assimilation of Danish first generation male immigrants is analysed based on two panel data sets covering the population of immigrants and 10% of the Danish population during 1984-1995....

Hit Twice? Danish Evidence on the Double-Negative Effect on the Earnings of Immigrant Women (2000)

Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina, Husted, Leif

In this paper, we investigate whether there is a double-negative effect on the wages of immigrant women in Denmark stemming from a negative effect from both gender and foreign country of origin. We...

Hit Twice? Danish Evidence on the Double-Negative Effect on the Earnings of Immigrant Women (2000)

Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina, Husted, Leif

In this paper, we investigate whether there is a double-negative effect on the wages of immigrant women in Denmark stemming from a negative effect from both gender and foreign country of origin. We...

Employment and Wage assimilation of Male First Generation Immigrants in Denmark (2000)

Husted, Leif, Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina

Labour market assimilation of Danish first generation male immigrants is analysed based on two panel data sets covering the population of immigrants and 10% of the Danish population during 1984-1995....

Hit Twice? Danish Evidence on the Double-Negative Effect on the Earnings of Immigrant Women (2000)

Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina, Husted, Leif

In this paper, we investigate whether there is a double-negative effect on the wages of immigrant women in Denmark stemming from a negative effect from both gender and foreign country of origin. We...

Taxation of Spouses: A Cross-Country Study of the Effects on Married Women's Labour Supply (1999)

Callan, Tim, Dex, Shirley, Smith, Nina, Vlasblom, Jan Dirk

The labour force participation rate of married women varies considerably between the European countries. There may be several explanations for this evidence. In this study, the effect of the...

A Double-Negative Effect on the Earnings of Immigrant Women? Evidence from Denmark (1999)

Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Husted, L., Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina

In this paper we investigate whether there exists a double-negative effect on the earnings of immigrant women in Denmark stemming from a combined negative effect of gender and foreign country of...

Wage Dispersion, Public Sector Wages and the Stagnating Danish Gender Wage Gap (1998)

Gupta, Nabanita Datta, Oaxaca, Ronald L., Smith, Nina

The gender wage gap in Denmark has virtually stagnated since the early 70s. This study examines whether this stagnation is mainly due to a changing wage dispersion or to changing prices on observed...

Household Labour Supply in Britain and Denmark: Some Interpretations Using a Model of Pareto Optimal Behaviour (1996)

Barmby, Tim, Smith, Nina

This paper analyses the labour supply behaviour of households in Denmark and Britain. It employs models in which the preferences of individuals within the household are explicitly represented. The...

Cohort Effects on the Gender Wage Gap in Denmark (1996)

Naur, Michèle, Smith, Nina

In this study the gender wage gap within three birth cohorts is analysed on the basis of a panel sample of Danish workers covering the period 1979-1990. During the latest decades there has been a...

The Danish Gender Wage Gap in the 1980s: A Panel Data Study (1996)

Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina

In Denmark the equal pay act was put into force in 1976, but the relative pay of female workers is still considerably below the level of male workers in most occupational and educational groups, and...

THE DANISH GENDER WAGE GAP IN THE 1980s: A PANEL DATA STUDY (1996)

ROSHOLM, MICHAEL, SMITH, NINA

In Denmark the equal pay act was put into force in 1976, but the relative pay of female workers is still considerably below the level of male workers in most occupational and educational groups, and...

Child Care and Parental Leave in the Nordic Countries: A Model to Aspire to?

Nabanita Datta Gupta, Nina Smith, Mette Verner

The Nordic countries have remarkably high participation rates of mothers and a moderate decrease of fertility rates compared to other western countries. This has been attributed to the fact that the...

Tax Systems and Married Women's Labour Force Participation: a seven country comparison

Tim Callan, Ben Dankmeyer, Shirley Dex, S Gustafson, M Lausten, Gunther Schmaus, ...

This paper compares the ways tax and social security systems of seven European countries treat different categories of workers, especially married women in two earner households. We will discuss the...

Analysing trends in US and Danish gender wage gaps in the 1980s and 1990s

Nabanita Datta Gupta, Ronald L. Oaxaca, Nina Smith

Trends in US and Danish gender wage gaps in the 1980s and 1990s are analysed within the framework of simple auto-regressive time-series models. Results show a saturation effect in the wage progress...

The Effect of Marriage on Education of Immigrants: Evidence from a Policy Reform Restricting Spouse Import

Helena Skyt Nielsen, Nina Smith, Aycan Celikaksoy

We investigate the effect of immigrants’ marriage behavior on dropout from education. To identify the causal effect, we exploit a recent Danish policy reform which generated exogenous variation in...

Swimming upstream, floating downstream: Comparing women's relative wage progress in the United States and Denmark

Nabanita Datta Gupta, Ronald L. Oaxaca, Nina Smith

Applying a new decomposition method to U.S. PSID and Danish Longitudinal Sample data, the authors compare how U.S. and Danish gender wage gaps developed between 1983 and 1995. In Denmark, they find,...

PERSPECTIVE ARTICLE: The impact of Nordic countries’ family friendly policies on employment, wages, and children

Nabanita Datta Gupta, Nina Smith, Mette Verner

Family friendly policies, Parental leave, Child care, Female labour force participation, Nordic countries, J1, J2, D1,

Do Women in Top Management Affect Firm Performance? A Panel Study of 2500 Danish Firms

Nina Smith, Valdemar Smith, Mette Verner

Corporate governance literature argues that board diversity is potentially positively related to firm performance. This study examines the relationship in the case of women in top executive jobs and...

Children and Career Interruptions: The Family Gap in Denmark

Datta Gupta, Nabanita, Smith, Nina

The effect of children and career interruptions on the family gap is analysed based on Danish longitudinal data covering the years 1980-1995. The estimated model controls for unobserved time-constant...

Unemployment Traps: Do Financial Dis-incentives Matter?

Pedersen, Peder J., Smith, Nina

This paper analyses the importance of financial dis-incentives for workers in Denmark. Based on a panel survey which is merged to a number of administrative registers it is possible to calculate...

Qualifications, Discrimination, or Assimilation? An Extended Framework for Analysing Immigrant Wage Gaps

Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina, Husted, Leif

In this paper, we analyze immigrant wage gaps and propose an extension of the traditional wage decomposition technique, which is a synthesis from two strains of literature on ethnic/immigrant wage...

The Educational Attainment of the Children of the Danish ‘Guest Worker’ Immigrants

Jakobsen, Vibeke, Smith, Nina

This paper analyses the educational attainment of young first generation immigrants in Denmark who are children of the ‘guest workers’ who immigrated from Turkey, Pakistan and Ex-Yugoslavia in...

The Impact of Family-Friendly Policies in Denmark and Sweden on Mothers’ Career Interruptions Due to Childbirth

Pylkkänen, Elina, Smith, Nina

We analyze the impact of family-friendly policies on women’s career breaks due to childbirth in Denmark and Sweden. In both countries, the labour force attachment of mothers is high, and more than...

Is Marriage Poisonous? Are Relationships Taxing? An Analysis of the Male Marital Wage Differential in Denmark

Nabanita Datta Gupta, Nina Smith, Leslie S. Stratton

The word for ‘married’ in Danish is the same as the word for ‘poison’. The word for 'sweetheart' in Danish is the same as the word for 'tax'. In this paper we expand upon the literature...

Trends in Danish Income Distribution

Peder J. Pedersen, Nina Smith

Most of the available evidence on income distribution in Denmark is based on cross‐section studies for a number of specific years, which are difficult to compare owing to major changes in...

Children and Career Interruptions: The Family Gap in Denmark.

Datta Gupta, Nabanita, Smith, Nina

An analysis of the effect of children and career interruptions on the family gap is based on Danish longitudinal data covering the years 1980-95. The estimated model controls for unobserved...

Swimming upstream, floating downstream: Comparing women's relative wage progress in the United States and Denmark

Nabanita Datta Gupta, Ronald L. Oaxaca, Nina Smith

Applying a new decomposition method to U.S. PSID and Danish Longitudinal Sample data, the authors compare how U.S. and Danish gender wage gaps developed between 1983 and 1995. In Denmark, they find,...

Employment and Wage Assimilation of Male First Generation Immigrants in Denmark

Husted, Leif, Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina

Labour market assimilation of Danish first generation male immigrants is analysed based on two panel data sets covering the population of immigrants and 10% of the Danish population during 1984-1995....

Intergenerational Transmissions and the School-to-Work Transition of 2nd Generation Immigrants

Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina, Husted, Leif

We analyse the extent of intergenerational transmission through parental capital, ethnic capital and neighbourhood effects on several aspects of the school-to-work transition of 2 nd generation...

Overtime Work, Dual Job Holding and Taxation

Frederiksen, Anders, Graversen, Ebbe Krogh, Smith, Nina

Traditionally, labour supply data do not include much information on hours and wages in secondary job or overtime work. In this paper, we estimate labour supply models based on survey information on...

Swimming Upstream, Floating Downstream: Comparing Women's Relative Wage Position in the U.S. and Denmark

Gupta, Nabanita Datta, Oaxaca, Ronald L., Smith, Nina

We compare how U.S. and Danish gender wage gaps have developed between 1983 and 1995 using U.S. PSID and Danish Longitudinal Sample data. Using a new decomposition method, we show that changes in...

Timing and Flexibility of Housework and Men and Women's Wages

Bonke, Jens, Gupta, Nabanita Datta, Smith, Nina

This paper analyses the effect of housework on men and women’s wages in Denmark by estimating quantile regressions on Danish time use survey data from 1987, merged to register information on hourly...

Selection or Network Effects? Migration Flows into 27 OECD Countries, 1990-2000

Pedersen, Peder J., Pytlikova, Mariola, Smith, Nina

Recent migration patterns show growing migration pressure and changing composition of immigrants in many Western countries. During the latest decade, an increasing proportion of the OECD immigrants...

Do Women in Top Management Affect Firm Performance? A Panel Study of 2500 Danish Firms

Nina Smith, Valdemar Smith, Mette Verner

Corporate governance literature argues that board diversity is potentially positively related to firm performance. This study examines the relationship in the case of women in top executive jobs and...

Income Inequality and Income Mobility in the Scandinavian Countries Compared to the United States

Aaberge, Rolf, Björklund, Anders, Jäntti, Markus, Palme, Mårten, Pedersen, Peder, Smith, Nina, ...

This paper compares income inequality and income mobility in the Scandinavian countries and the United States during the 1980s. The results demonstrate that inequality is greater in the United states...

Employment and Wage Assimilation of Male First Generation Immigrants in Denmark

Husted, Leif, Skyt Nielsen, Helena, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina

data sets covering the population of immigrants and 10% of the Danish population during 1984-1995. Wages and employment probabilities are estimated jointly in a random effects model which corrects...

Children and Career Interruptions: The Family Gap in Denmark.

Gubta, Nabanita Datta, Smith, Nina

The effect of children and career interruptions on the family gap is analysed based on longitudinal data covering the years 1980-1995. The estimated model controls for unobserved time-constant...

Hit Twice? Danish Evidence on the Double-Negative Effect on the Wages of Immigrant Women

Husted, Leif, Skyt Nielsen, Helena, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina

In this paper, we investigate whether there is a double-negative effect on the wages of immigrant women in Denmark stemming from a negative effect from both gender and foreign country of origin. We...

Unemployment Traps: Do Financial Dis-incentives matter?

Pedersen, Peder J., Smith, Nina

This paper analyses the importance of financial dis-incentives for workers in Denmark. Based on a panel survey which is merged to a number of administrative registers it is possible to calculate...

Tax Evasion and Work in the Underground Sector

Graversen, Ebbe Krogh, Smith, Nina

A bivariate random effect panel data model is estimated for labour supply in the taxable and the non-taxable sectors in Denmark. The results show that wage rates and non-labour income have...

Intergenerational transmissions and the school-to-work transition of 2. generation immigrants

Nielsen, Helena Skyt, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina, Husted, Leif

We analyse the extent of intergenerational transmission through parental capital, ethnic capital and neighbourhood effects on several aspects of the school-to-work transition of 2. generation...

International Migration and Migration policy in Denmark

Pedersen, Peder J., Smith, Nina

This paper gives an introduction to the persistent problems regarding labour market integration of Non-Western immigrants and refugees in Denmark. We describe changes in the flow of immigrants to...

Swimming Upstream, Floating Downstream: Trends in the U.S. and Danish Gender Wage Gaps

Gubta, Nabanita Datta, Oaxaca, Ronald L., Smith, Nina

While the gender wage gap has reduced considerably in the U.S. since the late 1970s, in Denmark it has virtually stagnated over the same period. Using the U.S. CPS and the Danish Longitudinal Sample...

Overtime work, dual job holding and taxation

Frederiksen, Anders, Graversen, Ebbe Krogh, Smith, Nina

Traditionally, labour supply data do not include much information on hours and wages in secondary job or overtime work. In this paper, we estimate labour supply models based on survey information on...

The educational attainment of the children of the Danish ‘guest worker’ immigrants

Jakobsen, Vibeke, Smith, Nina

This paper analyses the educational attainment of young first generation immigrants in Denmark who are children of the ‘guest workers’ who immigrated from Turkey, Pakistan and Ex-Yugoslavia in...

Career Interruptions due to Parental Leave - A Comparative Study of Denmark and Sweden

Pylkkänen, Elina, Smith, Nina

Parental leave mandates are associated with high female employment rates, but with reductions in relative female wages if leave is of extended duration. We analyze the impact of family policies ...

Hit Twice? Danish Evidence on the Double-Negative Effect on the Wages of Immigrant Women

Nielsen, Helena S, Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina

In this paper, we investigate whether there is a double-negative effect on the wages of immigrant women in Denmark stemming from a negative effect from both gender and foreign country of origin. We...

Household Labour Supply in Britain and Denmark: Some Interpretations Using a Model of Pareto Optimal Behaviour.

Barmby, Tim, Smith, Nina

This paper analyses the labour supply behaviour of households in Denmark and Britain. It employs models in which the preferences of individuals within the household are explicitly represented. The...

The effects of taxation on married women's labour supply across four countries

Nina Smith, Shirley Dex, Jan Dirk Vlasblom, Tim Callan

The labour force participation rate of married women varies considerably between European countries. There may be several explanations for this evidence. In this study, the effect of the different...

The Danish Gender Wage Gap in the 1980s: A Panel Data Study.

Rosholm, Michael, Smith, Nina

In Denmark, the equal pay act was put into force in 1976 but the relative pay of female workers is still considerably below the level of male workers in most occupational and educational groups and...

The Effect of Marriage on Education of Immigrants: Evidence from a Policy Reform Restricting Spouse Import

Helena Skyt Nielsen, Nina Smith, Aycan Celikaksoy

We investigate the effect of immigrants’ marriage behavior on dropout from education. To identify the causal effect, we exploit a recent Danish policy reform which generated exogenous variation in...

The school-to-work transition of 2nd generation immigrants in Denmark

Helena Skyt Nielsen, Michael Rosholm, Nina Smith, Leif Husted

2nd generation immigrants from less developed countries have less education and a lower employment frequency compared to the native Danish youth. We analyse the school-to-work transition of these...

Qualifications, discrimination, or assimilation? An extended framework for analysing immigrant wage gaps

Helena Skyt Nielsen, Michael Rosholm, Nina Smith, Leif Husted

In this paper, we analyze immigrant wage gaps and propose an extension of the traditional wage decomposition technique, which is a synthesis from two strains of literature on ethnic/immigrant wage...

Career Interruptions Due to Parental Leave: A Comparative Study of Denmark and Sweden

Elina Pylkkänen, Nina Smith

Parental leave mandates are associated with high female employment rates, but with reductions in relative female wages if leave is of extended durations. If fathers were given longer periods of...

Is Marriage Poisonous? Are Relationships Taxing? An Analysis of the Male Marital Wage Differential in Denmark

Nabanita Datta Gupta, Nina Smith, Leslie S. Stratton

Differences in the pattern of marriage, cohabitation, childbirth, and intrahousehold specialization between the United States and Denmark, as well as a rich, register-based panel sample of about...

Selection and network effects--Migration flows into OECD countries 1990-2000

Pedersen, Peder J., Pytlikova, Mariola, Smith, Nina

This paper presents empirical evidence on immigration flows into the OECD countries during the period 1990-2000. Our results indicate that network effects are strong, but vary between different...

Gender differences in promotion into top-management jobs

Bell, Linda, Smith, Nina, Smith, Valdemar, Verner, Mette

In this paper the promotion process of top executive officers (CEOs) in Danish private firms is analysed. The main research question to be analysed is whether the lower chances for women to become...

Women in Top Management and Firm Performance

Smith, Nina, Smith, Valdemar, Verner, Mette

The purpose of this study is to present new evidence on the relationship between gender diversity in management and firm performance. According to corporate governance literature, board diversity is...

The Effect of Marriage on Education of Immigrants: Evidence from a Policy Reform Restricting Marriage Migration

Helena Skyt Nielsen, Nina Smith, Aycan Çelikaksoy

We investigate the effect of immigrants' marriage behavior on dropout from education. To identify the causal effect, we exploit a recent Danish policy reform that generated exogenous variation in...