Patricia A. Conrad

Evaluation of Cruzia americana, Turgida turgida, and Didelphostrongylus hayesi Infection in the Virginia Opossum (Didelphis virginiana) and Risk Factors Along the California Coast (2008)

Amy E. Nichelason, Dan Rejmanek, Haydee A. Dabritz, Ann C. Melli, Melissa Miller, Patricia A. Conrad

Three nematodes, Turgida turgida, Cruzia americana, and Didelphostrongylus hayesi, have been documented to cause morbidity and mortality in the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana). The present...

Bacterial and Protozoal Contamination of Nearshore Marine Environments in California, with Ecologically Sustainable Management (2008)

Atwill, Edward R., Conrad, Patricia A.

This project was developed to apply novel study designs and microbiology techniques to better understand and control fecal pollution flowing from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems in California. The...

Risk Factors for Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Wild Rodents from Central Coastal California and a Review of T. gondii Prevalence in Rodents (2008)

Haydee A. Dabritz, Melissa A. Miller, Ian A. Gardner, Andrea E. Packham, E. Robert Atwill, Patricia A. Conrad

Sera from 523 wild rodents were tested for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using either an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) (rats and mice, with titer ≥80 considered positive) or a latex...

Risk Factors for Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Wild Rodents from Central Coastal California and a Review of T. gondii Prevalence in Rodents (2008)

Haydee A. Dabritz, Melissa A. Miller, Ian A. Gardner, Andrea E. Packham, E. Robert Atwill, Patricia A. Conrad

Sera from 523 wild rodents were tested for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using either an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) (rats and mice, with titer ≥80 considered positive) or a latex...

EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION OF PEROMYSCUS CALIFORNICUS WITH TOXOPLASMA GONDII (2007)

Haydee A. Dabritz, Melissa A. Miller, Andrea E. Packham, Daniel Rejmanek, Christian M. Leutenegger, Ian A. Gardner, ...

Eight female Peromyscus californicus were infected with 102 or 104 Toxoplasma gondii culture-derived tachyzoites (Type II or X) isolated from southern sea otters. All but 2 mice survived infection...

EVALUATION OF TWO TOXOPLASMA GONDII SEROLOGIC TESTS USED IN A SEROSURVEY OF DOMESTIC CATS IN CALIFORNIA (2007)

Haydee A. Dabritz, Ian A. Gardner, Melissa A. Miller, Michael R. Lappin, E. Robert Atwill, Andrea E. Packham, ...

We evaluated the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of an IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and IgG indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for detection of Toxoplasma...

CHEMICAL INACTIVATION OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII OOCYSTS IN WATER (2007)

Katlyn E. Wainwright, Melissa A. Miller, Bradd C. Barr, Ian A. Gardner, Ann C. Melli, Tim Essert, ...

The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii is increasingly recognized as a waterborne pathogen. Infection can be acquired by drinking contaminated water and conventional water treatments may not...

Cryptosporidium in Bivalves as Indicators of Fecal Pollution in the California Coastal Ecosystem (2005)

Conrad, Patricia A., Atwill, Edward R., Gardner, Ian A, Miller, Melissa, Leutenegger, Christian, Arkush, Kristen D, ...

Bivalve molluscs concentrate Cryptosporidium oocysts from fecal-contaminated aquatic environments and are useful for monitoring water quality. A real-time TaqMan polymerase chain reaction (PCR)...

RISK OF TRANSPLACENTAL TRANSMISSION OF SARCOCYSTIS NEURONA AND NEOSPORA HUGHESI IN CALIFORNIA HORSES (2004)

Paulo C. Duarte, Patricia A. Conrad, Bradd C. Barr, W. David Wilson, Gregory L. Ferraro, Andrea E. Packham, ...

The study objective was to assess the risk of transplacental transmission of Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora hughesi in foals from 4 California farms during 3 foaling seasons. Serum of presuckle...

EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF AN INDIRECT FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TEST FOR DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES TO SARCOCYSTIS NEURONA, USING SERUM AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF NATURALLY AND EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED, AND VACCINATED HORSES (2004)

Paulo C. Duarte, Barbara M. Daft, Patricia A. Conrad, Andrea E. Packham, William J. Saville, Robert J. MacKay, ...

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the accuracy of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) using serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of horses naturally and experimentally infected...

Molecular and Bioassay-Based Investigation of Bivalves as Transmission Vectors of Protozoal Encephalitis in Southern Sea Otters (2003)

Conrad, Patricia A.

An epidemiological study was conducted to determine whether Toxoplasma gondii protozoal brain infection and seropositivity in southern sea otters are associated with specific risk factors, including...

CHARACTERIZATION OF NEOSPORA CANINUM PROTEASE, NcSUB1 (NC-p65), WITH RABBIT ANTI-N54 (2002)

Kitland Louie, Robert Nordhausen, Thomas W. Robinson, Bradd C. Barr, Patricia A. Conrad

NcSUB1 (formerly known as NC-p65) is the first molecularly described proteolytic enzyme of the intracellular protozoan parasite Neospora caninum. This report describes the characterization of a...

QUALITATIVE EVALUATION OF SELECTIVE TESTS FOR DETECTION OF NEOSPORA HUGHESI ANTIBODIES IN SERUM AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED HORSES (2002)

Andrea E. Packham, Patricia A. Conrad, W. David Wilson, Lisa V. Jeanes, Karen W. Sverlow, Ian A. Gardner, ...

Neospora hughesi is a newly recognized protozoan pathogen in horses that causes a myeloencephalitis similar to Sarcocystis neurona. There are no validated serologic tests using the gold standard sera...

Isolation and Characterization of Two Parasitic Protozoa from a Pacific Harbor Seal (Phoca Vitulina Richardsi) With Meningoencephalomyelitis (2001)

Melissa A. Miller, Karen Sverlow, Paul R. Crosbie, Bradd C. Barr, Linda J. Lowenstine, Frances M. Gulland, ...

Two species of protozoans were isolated from a harbor seal with fatal meninogoencephalitis. Serologic reactivity was detected to both Sarcocystis neurona and Toxoplasma gondii. Parasites associated...

Babesia leo N. Sp. from Lions in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, and Its Relation to Other Small Piroplasms (2001)

BAREND L. PENZHORN, ANNE M. KJEMTRUP, PATRICIA A. CONRAD

Babesia leo, a small piroplasm isolated from lions in South Africa is described as a distinct species based on a phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rRNA gene. Intraerythrocytic trophozoite and...

DESCRIPTION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF THEILERIA YOUNGI N. SP. FROM A NORTHERN CALIFORNIAN DUSKY-FOOTED WOODRAT (NEOTOMA FUSCIPES) POPULATION (2001)

Anne M. Kjemtrup, Thomas Robinson, Patricia A. Conrad

An epidemiologic study designed to identify the small mammal reservoir for the zoonotic WA1-type babesial parasite resulted in the discovery of a small, intraerythrocytic piroplasm in smeared blood...

ROLE OF T CELLS AND CYTOKINES IN FATAL AND RESOLVING EXPERIMENTAL BABESIOSIS: PROTECTION IN TNFRp55−/− MICE INFECTED WITH THE HUMAN BABESIA WA1 PARASITE (2000)

Ruth M. Hemmer, David A. Ferrick, Patricia A. Conrad

We characterized the cytokine response and T-cell requirements of mice infected with the intraerythrocytic parasites Babesia microti and WA1. WA1 infections were fatal, whereas B. microti infections...

Suicide among the elderly /--Patricia A. Conrad. (1990)

Conrad, Patricia A.

Candelaria Perez Davidson, Chair.

In Vitro Reconstitution of Microtubule Plus End-directed, GTPγS-sensitive Motility of Golgi MembranesV⃞

Fullerton, Aaron T., Bau, Mu-Yeh, Conrad, Patricia A., Bloom, George S.

Purified Golgi membranes were mixed with cytosol and microtubules (MTs) and observed by video enhanced light microscopy. Initially, the membranes appeared as vesicles that moved along MTs. As time...

A Modified Agglutination Test for Neospora caninum: Development, Optimization, and Comparison to the Indirect Fluorescent-Antibody Test and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Packham, Andrea E., Sverlow, Karen W., Conrad, Patricia A., Loomis, Emily F., Rowe, Joan D., Anderson, Mark L., ...

Current serologic tests used to detect antibodies to Neospora caninum require species-specific secondary antibodies, limiting the number of species that can be tested. In order to examine a wide...

Sensitive and Specific Identification of Neospora caninum Infection of Cattle Based on Detection of Serum Antibodies to Recombinant Ncp29

Howe, Daniel K., Tang, Keliang, Conrad, Patricia A., Sverlow, Karen, Dubey, J. P., Sibley, L. David

Neosporosis is an economically important disease of dairy cattle caused by the protozoan Neospora caninum. Diagnostic tests for neosporosis are complicated by the potential for cross-reaction of...

The Effect of 1,4-Dihydropyridines on the Initiation and Development of Gametophore Buds in the Moss Funaria1

Conrad, Patricia A., Hepler, Peter K.

The plant hormone cytokinin stimulates target caulonemata of Funaria to form buds that develop into the leafy gametophyte. Previous reports have shown that increases in intracellular Ca2+ occur...

In Vitro Reconstitution of Microtubule Plus End-directed, GTPγS-sensitive Motility of Golgi MembranesV⃞

Fullerton, Aaron T., Bau, Mu-Yeh, Conrad, Patricia A., Bloom, George S.

Purified Golgi membranes were mixed with cytosol and microtubules (MTs) and observed by video enhanced light microscopy. Initially, the membranes appeared as vesicles that moved along MTs. As time...

A Modified Agglutination Test for Neospora caninum: Development, Optimization, and Comparison to the Indirect Fluorescent-Antibody Test and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Packham, Andrea E., Sverlow, Karen W., Conrad, Patricia A., Loomis, Emily F., Rowe, Joan D., Anderson, Mark L., ...

Current serologic tests used to detect antibodies to Neospora caninum require species-specific secondary antibodies, limiting the number of species that can be tested. In order to examine a wide...

Sensitive and Specific Identification of Neospora caninum Infection of Cattle Based on Detection of Serum Antibodies to Recombinant Ncp29

Howe, Daniel K., Tang, Keliang, Conrad, Patricia A., Sverlow, Karen, Dubey, J. P., Sibley, L. David

Neosporosis is an economically important disease of dairy cattle caused by the protozoan Neospora caninum. Diagnostic tests for neosporosis are complicated by the potential for cross-reaction of...

The Effect of 1,4-Dihydropyridines on the Initiation and Development of Gametophore Buds in the Moss Funaria1

Conrad, Patricia A., Hepler, Peter K.

The plant hormone cytokinin stimulates target caulonemata of Funaria to form buds that develop into the leafy gametophyte. Previous reports have shown that increases in intracellular Ca2+ occur...

Campylobacter insulaenigrae Isolates from Northern Elephant Seals (Mirounga angustirostris) in California▿ †

Stoddard, Robyn A., Miller, William G., Foley, Janet E., Lawrence, Judy, Gulland, Frances M. D., Conrad, Patricia A., ...

There are only two reports in the literature demonstrating the presence of Campylobacter spp. in marine mammals. One report describes the isolation of a new species, Campylobacter insulaenigrae sp....

Physical Inactivation of Toxoplasma gondii Oocysts in Water▿

Wainwright, Katlyn E., Lagunas-Solar, Manuel, Miller, Melissa A., Barr, Bradd C., Gardner, Ian A., Pina, Cecilia, ...

Inactivation of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts occurred with exposure to pulsed and continuous UV radiation, as evidenced by mouse bioassay. Even at doses of ≥500 mJ/cm2, some oocysts retained their...

Climate and On-Farm Risk Factors Associated with Giardia duodenalis Cysts in Storm Runoff from California Coastal Dairies▿

Miller, Woutrina A., Lewis, David J., Lennox, Michael, Pereira, Maria G. C., Tate, Kenneth W., Conrad, Patricia A., ...

Climatic factors and on-farm management practices were evaluated for their association with the concentrations (cyst/liter) and instantaneous loads (cysts/second) of Giardia duodenalis in storm-based...