Paul E. M. Fine

Timing and Reconstruction of the Most Recent Common Ancestor of the Subtype C Clade of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (2004)

Travers, Simon A. A., Clewley, Jonathan P., Glynn, Judith R., Fine, Paul E. M., Crampin, Amelia C., Sibande, Felix, ...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype C is responsible for more than 55% of HIV-1 infections worldwide. When this subtype first emerged is unknown. We have analyzed all available gag...

The long-term impact of HIV and orphanhood on the mortality and physical well-being of children in rural Malawi (2003)

Crampin, Amelia C., Floyd, Sian, Glynn, Judith R., Madise, Nyovani, Nyondo, Andrew, Khondowe, Masiya M., ...

Objective: To assess the influence of maternal HIV status and orphanhood on child mortality and physical well-being. Design: Retrospective cohort study with > 10 years of follow-up. Methods: From...

Early Evolution of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Epidemic in Rural Malawi

McCormack, Grace P., Glynn, Judith R., Crampin, Amelia C., Sibande, Felix, Mulawa, Dominic, Bliss, Lyn, ...

We have tracked the early years of the evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic in a rural district of central east Africa from the first documented introductions of...

Gamma Interferon Responses Induced by a Panel of Recombinant and Purified Mycobacterial Antigens in Healthy, Non-Mycobacterium bovis BCG-Vaccinated Malawian Young Adults

Black, Gillian F., Weir, Rosemary E., Chaguluka, Steven D., Warndorff, David, Crampin, Amelia C., Mwaungulu, Lorren, ...

We have previously shown that young adults living in a rural area of northern Malawi showed greater gamma interferon (IFN-γ) responses to purified protein derivatives (PPD) prepared from...

Mycobacterial Purified Protein Derivatives Stimulate Innate Immunity: Malawians Show Enhanced Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-10 Responses Compared to Those of Adolescents in the United Kingdom

Weir, Rosemary E., Black, Gillian F., Dockrell, Hazel M., Floyd, Sian, Fine, Paul E. M., Chaguluka, Steven D., ...

To investigate the role of innate immunity in variable efficacy of Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination in Malawi and the United Kingdom, we examined 24-h tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β...

Timing and Reconstruction of the Most Recent Common Ancestor of the Subtype C Clade of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

Travers, Simon A. A., Clewley, Jonathan P., Glynn, Judith R., Fine, Paul E. M., Crampin, Amelia C., Sibande, Felix, ...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype C is responsible for more than 55% of HIV-1 infections worldwide. When this subtype first emerged is unknown. We have analyzed all available gag...

Non-specific “non-effects” of vaccination: Literature does not support either beneficial or detrimental effects

Fine, Paul E M

Non-specific effects of vaccination: Author's reply to Shann

Fine, Paul E M

Distribution of Environmental Mycobacteria in Karonga District, Northern Malawi

Chilima, Benson Z., Clark, Ian M., Floyd, Sian, Fine, Paul E. M., Hirsch, Penny R.

The genus Mycobacterium includes many species that are commonly found in the environment (in soil and water or associated with plants and animals), as well as species that are responsible for two...

Early Evolution of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Epidemic in Rural Malawi

McCormack, Grace P., Glynn, Judith R., Crampin, Amelia C., Sibande, Felix, Mulawa, Dominic, Bliss, Lyn, ...

We have tracked the early years of the evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic in a rural district of central east Africa from the first documented introductions of...

Gamma Interferon Responses Induced by a Panel of Recombinant and Purified Mycobacterial Antigens in Healthy, Non-Mycobacterium bovis BCG-Vaccinated Malawian Young Adults

Black, Gillian F., Weir, Rosemary E., Chaguluka, Steven D., Warndorff, David, Crampin, Amelia C., Mwaungulu, Lorren, ...

We have previously shown that young adults living in a rural area of northern Malawi showed greater gamma interferon (IFN-γ) responses to purified protein derivatives (PPD) prepared from...

Mycobacterial Purified Protein Derivatives Stimulate Innate Immunity: Malawians Show Enhanced Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-10 Responses Compared to Those of Adolescents in the United Kingdom

Weir, Rosemary E., Black, Gillian F., Dockrell, Hazel M., Floyd, Sian, Fine, Paul E. M., Chaguluka, Steven D., ...

To investigate the role of innate immunity in variable efficacy of Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination in Malawi and the United Kingdom, we examined 24-h tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β...

Timing and Reconstruction of the Most Recent Common Ancestor of the Subtype C Clade of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

Travers, Simon A. A., Clewley, Jonathan P., Glynn, Judith R., Fine, Paul E. M., Crampin, Amelia C., Sibande, Felix, ...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype C is responsible for more than 55% of HIV-1 infections worldwide. When this subtype first emerged is unknown. We have analyzed all available gag...

Non-specific “non-effects” of vaccination: Literature does not support either beneficial or detrimental effects

Fine, Paul E M

Non-specific effects of vaccination: Author's reply to Shann

Fine, Paul E M

Distribution of Environmental Mycobacteria in Karonga District, Northern Malawi

Chilima, Benson Z., Clark, Ian M., Floyd, Sian, Fine, Paul E. M., Hirsch, Penny R.

The genus Mycobacterium includes many species that are commonly found in the environment (in soil and water or associated with plants and animals), as well as species that are responsible for two...

Use of Short Tandem Repeat Sequences to Study Mycobacterium leprae in Leprosy Patients in Malawi and India

Young, Saroj K., Ponnighaus, Jorg M., Jain, Suman, Lucas, Sebastian, Suneetha, Sujai, Lockwood, Diana N. J., ...

Molecular typing has provided an important tool for studies of many pathogens. Such methods could be particularly useful in studies of leprosy, given the many outstanding questions about the...

Implication of New WHO Growth Standards on Identification of Risk Factors and Estimated Prevalence of Malnutrition in Rural Malawian Infants

Prost, Marc-André, Jahn, Andreas, Floyd, Sian, Mvula, Hazzie, Mwaiyeghele, Eleneus, Mwinuka, Venance, ...

Estimating the Extent of Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Infection

Wringe, Alison, Fine, Paul E. M., Sutter, Roland W., Kew, Olen M.