Paul R. Clapham

Natural resistance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to the CD4bs antibody b12 conferred by a glycan and an arginine residue close to the CD4 binding loop (2008)

Duenas-Decamp, Maria J., Peters, Paul J., Burton, Dennis R., Clapham, Paul R.

The human monoclonal antibody b12 recognizes a conserved epitope on gp120 that overlaps the CD4 binding site. b12 has neutralizing activity against diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)...

Variation in HIV-1 R5 macrophage-tropism correlates with sensitivity to reagents that block envelope: CD4 interactions but not with sensitivity to other entry inhibitors (2008)

Peters, Paul J., Duenas-Decamp, Maria J., Sullivan, W. Matthew, Brown, Richard J. P., Ankghuambom, Chiambah, Luzuriaga, Katherine, ...

BACKGROUND: HIV-1 R5 viruses cause most of the AIDS cases worldwide and are preferentially transmitted compared to CXCR4-using viruses. Furthermore, R5 viruses vary extensively in capacity to infect...

Variation in HIV-1 R5 macrophage-tropism correlates with sensitivity to reagents that block envelope: CD4 interactions but not with sensitivity to other entry inhibitors (2008)

Peters, Paul J, Duenas-Decamp, Maria J, Sullivan, W Matthew, Brown, Richard, Ankghuambom, Chiambah, Luzuriaga, Katherine, ...

Abstract Background HIV-1 R5 viruses cause most of the AIDS cases worldwide and are preferentially transmitted compared to CXCR4-using viruses. Furthermore, R5 viruses vary extensively in capacity to...

Effects of vpu start-codon mutations on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in macrophages (2007)

Richards, Kathryn H., Clapham, Paul R.

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vpu protein increases the release of virus particles from infected cells. Mutations that abrogate vpu function have a profound effect on HIV-1...

The promise of CCR5 antagonists as new therapies for HIV-1 (2007)

Repik, Alexander, Richards, Kathryn H., Clapham, Paul R.

The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 were identified as HIV-1 co-receptors in 1996. Since then, a range of agents that bind these receptors and potently block HIV-1 infection have been described,...

Non-macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 R5 envelopes predominate in blood, lymph nodes, and semen: implications for transmission and pathogenesis (2006)

Peters, Paul J., Sullivan, W. Matthew, Duenas-Decamp, Maria J., Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Ankghuambom, Chiambah, Brown, Richard J. P., ...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) R5 isolates that predominantly use CCR5 as a coreceptor are frequently described as macrophage tropic. Here, we compare macrophage tropism conferred by...

Gag regulates association of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope with detergent-resistant membranes (2006)

Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Repik, Alexander, Clapham, Paul R.

Assembly of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein on budding virus particles is important for efficient infection of target cells. In infected cells, lipid rafts have...

Biological analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 R5 envelopes amplified from brain and lymph node tissues of AIDS patients with neuropathology reveals two distinct tropism phenotypes and identifies envelopes in the brain that confer an enhanced tropism and fusigenicity for macrophages (2004)

Peters, Paul J., Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Hibbitts, Samantha, Dittmar, Matthias T., Simmons, Graham, Bell, Jeanne E., ...

Complete envelope genes were amplified from autopsy brain tissue of five individuals who had died of AIDS and had neurological complications. Lymph node samples were included for two of the patients....

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoproteins that lack cytoplasmic domain cysteines: impact on association with membrane lipid rafts and incorporation onto budding virus particles (2004)

Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Peters, Paul J., Clapham, Paul R.

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope comprises a surface gp120 and a transmembrane gp41. The cytoplasmic domain of gp41 contains cysteine residues (C764 and C837) which are...

Identification of a subset of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus strains able to exploit an alternative coreceptor on untransformed human brain and lymphoid cells (2003)

Reeves, Jacqueline D, Hudson, Richard, Miyake, Koichi, Dejucq, Nathalie, ...

The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are the major coreceptors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). At least 12 other chemokine receptors or close...

Identification of a subset of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus strains able to exploit an alternative coreceptor on untransformed human brain and lymphoid cells (2003)

Willey, Samantha J., Reeves, Jacqueline D., Hudson, Richard, Miyake, Koichi, Dejucq, Nathalie, Schols, Dominique, ...

The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are the major coreceptors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). At least 12 other chemokine receptors or close...

Cell surface receptors, virus entry and tropism of primate lentiviruses (2002)

Clapham, Paul R., McKnight, Aine

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exploits cell surface receptors to attach to and gain entry into cells. The HIV envelope spike glycoprotein on the surface of virus particles binds both CD4 and a...

HIV-1 receptors and cell tropism (2001)

Clapham, Paul R, McKnight, Áine

HIV virus particles interact with several receptors on cell surfaces. Two receptors, CD4 and a co-receptor act sequentially to trigger fusion of viral and cellular membranes and confer virus entry...

Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) Isolates Infect CD4-Negative Cells via CCR5 and CXCR4: Comparison with HIV-1 and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus and Relevance to Cell Tropism In Vivo

Reeves, Jacqueline D., Hibbitts, Sam, Simmons, Graham, McKnight, Áine, Azevedo-Pereira, José M., Moniz-Pereira, José, ...

Cell surface receptors exploited by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) for infection are major determinants of tropism. HIV-1 usually requires two receptors to...

Expanded Tropism of Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 R5 Strains to CD4+ T-Cell Lines Determined by the Capacity To Exploit Low Concentrations of CCR5

Dejucq, Nathalie, Simmons, Graham, Clapham, Paul R.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) strains predominantly use the chemokine receptor CCR5, while syncytium-inducing (SI) strains use CXCR4. In vitro, SI isolates...

A Broad Range of Chemokine Receptors Are Used by Primary Isolates of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 as Coreceptors with CD4

McKnight, Áine, Dittmar, Matthias T., Moniz-Periera, José, Ariyoshi, Koya, Reeves, Jacqueline D., Hibbitts, Sam, ...

Like human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), HIV-2 requires a coreceptor in addition to CD4 for entry into cells. HIV and SIV coreceptor molecules belong...

CXCR4 as a Functional Coreceptor for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Primary Macrophages

Simmons, Graham, Reeves, Jacqueline D., McKnight, Áine, Dejucq, Nathalie, Hibbitts, Sam, Power, Christine A., ...

The coreceptors used by primary syncytium-inducing (SI) human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates for infection of primary macrophages were investigated. SI strains using only CXCR4 replicated...

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Glycoproteins That Lack Cytoplasmic Domain Cysteines: Impact on Association with Membrane Lipid Rafts and Incorporation onto Budding Virus Particles

Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Peters, Paul J., Clapham, Paul R.

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope comprises a surface gp120 and a transmembrane gp41. The cytoplasmic domain of gp41 contains cysteine residues (C764 and C837) which are...

Biological Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 R5 Envelopes Amplified from Brain and Lymph Node Tissues of AIDS Patients with Neuropathology Reveals Two Distinct Tropism Phenotypes and Identifies Envelopes in the Brain That Confer an Enhanced Tropism and Fusigenicity for Macrophages

Peters, Paul J., Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Hibbitts, Samantha, Dittmar, Matthias T., Simmons, Graham, Bell, Jeanne, ...

Complete envelope genes were amplified from autopsy brain tissue of five individuals who had died of AIDS and had neurological complications. Lymph node samples were included for two of the patients....

Biological Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 R5 Envelopes Amplified from Brain and Lymph Node Tissues of AIDS Patients with Neuropathology Reveals Two Distinct Tropism Phenotypes and Identifies Envelopes in the Brain That Confer an Enhanced Tropism and Fusigenicity for Macrophages

Peters, Paul J., Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Hibbitts, Samantha, Dittmar, Matthias T., Simmons, Graham, Bell, Jeanne, ...

The Promiscuous CC Chemokine Receptor D6 Is a Functional Coreceptor for Primary Isolates of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 on Astrocytes

Neil, Stuart J. D., Clapham, Paul R., Nibbs, Robert J., McKnight, Áine, Weiss, Robin A.

The role of coreceptors other than CCR5 and CXCR4 in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is controversial. Here we show that a promiscuous CC chemokine receptor, D6, can...

Identification of a Subset of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Strains Able To Exploit an Alternative Coreceptor on Untransformed Human Brain and Lymphoid Cells

Willey, Samantha J., Reeves, Jacqueline D., Hudson, Richard, Miyake, Koichi, Dejucq, Nathalie, Schols, Dominique, ...

The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are the major coreceptors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). At least 12 other chemokine receptors or close...

Gag Regulates Association of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope with Detergent-Resistant Membranes

Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Repik, Alexander, Clapham, Paul R.

Assembly of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein on budding virus particles is important for efficient infection of target cells. In infected cells, lipid rafts have...

Non-Macrophage-Tropic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 R5 Envelopes Predominate in Blood, Lymph Nodes, and Semen: Implications for Transmission and Pathogenesis

Peters, Paul J., Sullivan, W. Matthew, Duenas-Decamp, Maria J., Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Ankghuambom, Chiambah, Brown, Richard, ...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) R5 isolates that predominantly use CCR5 as a coreceptor are frequently described as macrophage tropic. Here, we compare macrophage tropism conferred by...

Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) Isolates Infect CD4-Negative Cells via CCR5 and CXCR4: Comparison with HIV-1 and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus and Relevance to Cell Tropism In Vivo

Reeves, Jacqueline D., Hibbitts, Sam, Simmons, Graham, McKnight, Áine, Azevedo-Pereira, José M., Moniz-Pereira, José, ...

Cell surface receptors exploited by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) for infection are major determinants of tropism. HIV-1 usually requires two receptors to...

Expanded Tropism of Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 R5 Strains to CD4+ T-Cell Lines Determined by the Capacity To Exploit Low Concentrations of CCR5

Dejucq, Nathalie, Simmons, Graham, Clapham, Paul R.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) strains predominantly use the chemokine receptor CCR5, while syncytium-inducing (SI) strains use CXCR4. In vitro, SI isolates...

A Broad Range of Chemokine Receptors Are Used by Primary Isolates of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 as Coreceptors with CD4

McKnight, Áine, Dittmar, Matthias T., Moniz-Periera, José, Ariyoshi, Koya, Reeves, Jacqueline D., Hibbitts, Sam, ...

Like human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), HIV-2 requires a coreceptor in addition to CD4 for entry into cells. HIV and SIV coreceptor molecules belong...

CXCR4 as a Functional Coreceptor for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Primary Macrophages

Simmons, Graham, Reeves, Jacqueline D., McKnight, Áine, Dejucq, Nathalie, Hibbitts, Sam, Power, Christine A., ...

The coreceptors used by primary syncytium-inducing (SI) human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates for infection of primary macrophages were investigated. SI strains using only CXCR4 replicated...

Identification of a Subset of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Strains Able To Exploit an Alternative Coreceptor on Untransformed Human Brain and Lymphoid Cells

Willey, Samantha J., Reeves, Jacqueline D., Hudson, Richard, Miyake, Koichi, Dejucq, Nathalie, Schols, Dominique, ...

The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are the major coreceptors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). At least 12 other chemokine receptors or close...

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Glycoproteins That Lack Cytoplasmic Domain Cysteines: Impact on Association with Membrane Lipid Rafts and Incorporation onto Budding Virus Particles

Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Peters, Paul J., Clapham, Paul R.

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope comprises a surface gp120 and a transmembrane gp41. The cytoplasmic domain of gp41 contains cysteine residues (C764 and C837) which are...

Biological Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 R5 Envelopes Amplified from Brain and Lymph Node Tissues of AIDS Patients with Neuropathology Reveals Two Distinct Tropism Phenotypes and Identifies Envelopes in the Brain That Confer an Enhanced Tropism and Fusigenicity for Macrophages

Peters, Paul J., Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Hibbitts, Samantha, Dittmar, Matthias T., Simmons, Graham, Bell, Jeanne, ...

Complete envelope genes were amplified from autopsy brain tissue of five individuals who had died of AIDS and had neurological complications. Lymph node samples were included for two of the patients....

Biological Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 R5 Envelopes Amplified from Brain and Lymph Node Tissues of AIDS Patients with Neuropathology Reveals Two Distinct Tropism Phenotypes and Identifies Envelopes in the Brain That Confer an Enhanced Tropism and Fusigenicity for Macrophages

Peters, Paul J., Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Hibbitts, Samantha, Dittmar, Matthias T., Simmons, Graham, Bell, Jeanne, ...

The Promiscuous CC Chemokine Receptor D6 Is a Functional Coreceptor for Primary Isolates of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 on Astrocytes

Neil, Stuart J. D., Clapham, Paul R., Nibbs, Robert J., McKnight, Áine, Weiss, Robin A.

The role of coreceptors other than CCR5 and CXCR4 in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is controversial. Here we show that a promiscuous CC chemokine receptor, D6, can...

Gag Regulates Association of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope with Detergent-Resistant Membranes

Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Repik, Alexander, Clapham, Paul R.

Assembly of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein on budding virus particles is important for efficient infection of target cells. In infected cells, lipid rafts have...

Non-Macrophage-Tropic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 R5 Envelopes Predominate in Blood, Lymph Nodes, and Semen: Implications for Transmission and Pathogenesis

Peters, Paul J., Sullivan, W. Matthew, Duenas-Decamp, Maria J., Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Ankghuambom, Chiambah, Brown, Richard, ...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) R5 isolates that predominantly use CCR5 as a coreceptor are frequently described as macrophage tropic. Here, we compare macrophage tropism conferred by...

Variation in HIV-1 R5 macrophage-tropism correlates with sensitivity to reagents that block envelope: CD4 interactions but not with sensitivity to other entry inhibitors

Peters, Paul J, Duenas-Decamp, Maria J, Sullivan, W Matthew, Brown, Richard, Ankghuambom, Chiambah, Luzuriaga, Katherine, ...

Aminooxypentane-RANTES Induces CCR5 Internalization but Inhibits Recycling: A Novel Inhibitory Mechanism of HIV Infectivity

Mack, Matthias, Luckow, Bruno, Nelson, Peter J., Cihak, Josef, Simmons, Graham, Clapham, Paul R., ...

CCR5, a chemokine receptor expressed on T cells and macrophages, is the principal coreceptor for M-tropic HIV-1 strains. Recently, we described an NH2-terminal modification of the CCR5 ligand...

Natural Resistance of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 to the CD4bs Antibody b12 Conferred by a Glycan and an Arginine Residue Close to the CD4 Binding Loop▿

Duenas-Decamp, Maria José, Peters, Paul, Burton, Dennis, Clapham, Paul R.

The human monoclonal antibody b12 recognizes a conserved epitope on gp120 that overlaps the CD4 binding site. b12 has neutralizing activity against diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)...

Determinants Flanking the CD4 Binding Loop Modulate Macrophage Tropism of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 R5 Envelopes ▿ †

Duenas-Decamp, Maria José, Peters, Paul J., Burton, Dennis, Clapham, Paul R.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 R5 viruses vary extensively in phenotype. Thus, R5 envelopes (env) in the brain tissue of individuals with neurological complications are frequently highly...

Macrophages in Vaginal but Not Intestinal Mucosa Are Monocyte-Like and Permissive to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection▿

Shen, Ruizhong, Richter, Holly E., Clements, Ronald H., Novak, Lea, Huff, Kayci, Bimczok, Diane, ...

Mucosal surfaces play a major role in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission and pathogenesis, and yet the role of lamina propria macrophages in mucosal HIV-1 infection has received...