REPRESENTATION OF FACTUAL INFORMATION BY EQUATIONS AND THEIR EVALUATION (2009)
This paper describes a methodology for application software development, the objective being the reduction of volume of code and ease of maintenance. It is shown that constants as well as rules and...
Nicolette De Bruijn, Peter Lucas, Karin Schurink, Andy Hoepelman
PTA is a decision-theoretic expert system that aims to assist clinicians in diagnosing and treating patients with pneumonia at the intensive care unit. The underlying probabilistic network model...
Bayesian Decision Support in Medical Screening (2008)
Peter Lucas, Nico Karssemeijer
It is expected that the availability of large data sets will lead to important changes in health care as these data can be exploited for the construction of decision support systems which may change...
Data—Issues of Identity and Reference (2008)
As we begin to develop architectures to guide the engineering of context-aware computing systems, we will need to apply significantly more precision to the notion of “context ” than is afforded...
These are the working notes of the workshop on Model-based and Qualitative Reasoning in Biomedicine, which was held during the European Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Health care delivery is a complex and expensive activity where data and knowledge in various forms play an extremely important role. At the heart of care delivery lies a series of decisions about...
A Dynamic Model for Therapy Selection in ICU Patients with VAP (2008)
Theodore Charitos, Stefan Visscher, Peter Lucas, Karin Schurink
Treating ventilator-associated pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care units is seen as a clinical challenge. In this paper, we develop a dynamic-decision model that...
It is widely accepted that in the foreseeable future the worldwide network of computing devices will grow to billions, or even tens of billions of nodes. However, if we broaden our consideration to...
Probabilistic graphical models, such as Bayesian networks, allow representing conditional independence information of random variables. These relations are graphically represented by the presence and...
Combining Task Execution and Background Knowledge for the Verification of Medical Guidelines (2008)
Arjen Hommersom, Perry Groot, Peter Lucas, Michael Balser, Jonathan Schmitt
The use of a medical guideline can be seen as the execution of computational tasks, sequentially or in parallel, in the face of patient data. It has been shown that many of such guidelines can be...
Pittsburgh Green Map: A Study in “Civic Computing” (2008)
Pittsburgh Green Map is an on-line interactive service for locating information concerning environmental, recreational, and other "green " assets in Western Pennsylvania. The...
The Role of Model Checking in Critiquing based on Clinical Guidelines ∗ (2008)
Perry Groot, Arjen Hommersom, Peter Lucas, Radu Serban, Annette Teije, Frank Harmelen
There is an increasing interest amongst researchers to develop computerised versions of clinical guidelines [3], which at the moment are still just documents, using one of the specialised guideline...
The Role of Model Checking in Critiquing Based on Clinical Guidelines ⋆ (2008)
Perry Groot, Arjen Hommersom, Peter Lucas, Radu Serban, Annette Ten Teije, Frank Van Harmelen
Abstract. Medical critiquing systems criticise clinical actions performed by a physician. In order to provide useful feedback, an important task is to find differences between the actual actions and...
Trade-o s in Decision-theoretic Planning (2008)
Decision making under uncertainty can be viewed as a planning task, because it basically amounts to determining a sequence of actions that is optimal for a problem under study. Many di erent...
The Role of Model Checking in Critiquing based on Clinical Guidelines (2008)
Perry Groot, Frank Van Harmelen, Arjen Hommersom, Peter Lucas, Radu Serban, Annette Ten Teije
Abstract. Medical critiquing systems criticise clinical actions performed by a physician. In order to provide useful feedback, an important task is to find differences between the actual actions and...
Decision Network Semantics of Branching Constraint Satisfaction Problems (2007)
Ken Brown, Peter Lucas, David Fowler
Branching Constraint Satisfaction Problems (BCSPs) have been introduced to model dynamic resource allocation subject to constraints and uncertainty. We give BCSPs a formal probability semantics by...
Principal Investigators (2007)
Health care delivery is a complex and expensive activity where data and knowledge in various forms play an extremely important role. At the heart of care delivery lies a series of decisions about...
Bayesian Networks in Medicine: a Model-based Approach to Medical Decision Making (2007)
Bayesian networks have been introduced in the 1980s. Research to explore the use of the formalism in the context of medical decision making started in the 1990s. The formalism possesses the unique...
Peter Lucas, Marek J. Druzdzel
Abstract. Almost two decades after the introduction of probabilistic expert systems, their theoretical status, practical use, and experiences are matching those of rule-based expert systems. Since...
Xiaofeng Wu, Peter Lucas, Susan Kerr, Roelf Dijkhuizen
In recent years, a number of algorithms have been developed for learning the structure of Bayesian networks from data. In this paper we apply some of these algorithms to a realistic medical...
Nicolette De Bruijn, Karin Schurink, Marc Bonten, Andy Hoepelman, Peter Lucas
The Pneumonia Therapy Advisor (PTA) is a decision-theoretic expert system that aims to assist clinicians in diagnosing and treating patients with pneumonia in the intensive care unit. Its underlying...
Decision Network Semantics of Branching (2007)
K. Brown, P. Lucas, D. Fowler, Ken Brown, Peter Lucas, David Fowler
Branching Constraint Satisfaction Problems (BCSPs) have been introduced to model dynamic resource allocation subject to constraints and uncertainty. We give BCSPs a formal probability semantics by...
Probabilistic properties of model-based diagnostic reasoning in Bayesian networks (2007)
So far, much research has been carried out into general Bayesian networks and limited attention has been given to special types of Bayesian networks for specific applications. An example of such an...
Conflict-based diagnosis: Adding uncertainty to model-based diagnosis (2007)
Consistency-based diagnosis concerns using a model of the structure and behaviour of a system in order to analyse whether or not the system is malfunctioning. A well-known limitation of...
The Civium World Model Spatial and Semantic Issues in Pervasive Computing (2007)
Dominic Widdows, Peter Lucas, David Holstius, Michael Higgins
The increasing pervasiveness of spatial information in small, personal devices such as GPS-enabled cellphones poses new opportunities and challenges. Such devices can act as sensors and transmitters
Albania: Authoritarianism Without Oil (2006)
Mediterranean Quarterly - Volume 17, Number 2, Spring 2006
Price, Chris, Trave-Massuyes, Louise, Milne, Rob, Ironi, Liliana, Forbus, Kenneth, Bredeweg, Bert, ...
This paper reviews the state of the art in model-based systems and qualitative reasoning, and considers where the field will be in twenty years time. It highlights six areas where developments in...
A constraint-based approach to medical guidelines and protocols (2006)
Arjen Hommersom, Perry Groot, Peter Lucas, Mar Marcos, Begoña Martínez-salvador
Abstract. Medical guidelines and protocols are documents aimed at improving the quality of medical care by offering support in medical decision making in the form of management recommendations based...
Magesh Balasubramanya, Michael Higgins, Peter Lucas, Jeff Senn, Dominic Widdows
This paper describes a peer-to-peer architecture for representing and disseminating linguistic corpora, linguistic annotation, and resources such as lexical databases and gazetteers. The architecture...
D.: Shepherdable indexes and persistent search services for mobile users (2006)
Michael Higgins, Dominic Widdows, Magesh Balasubramanya, Peter Lucas, David Holstius
Abstract. We describe a range of designs for supporting rich search queries in a peer-to-peer network. Our implementation is based upon universally identified data objects which are replicated upon...
Improving medical protocols by formal methods (2006)
Annette Teije, Mar Marcos, Michel Balser, Joyce Croonenborg, Christoph Duelli, Frank Harmelen, ...
Objectives During the last decade, evidence-based medicine has given rise to an increasing number of medical practice guidelines and protocols. However, the work done on developing and distributing...
D.: Shepherdable indexes and persistent search services for mobile users (2006)
Michael Higgins, Dominic Widdows, Magesh Balasubramanya, Peter Lucas, David Holstius
Abstract. We describe a range of designs for supporting rich search queries in a peer-to-peer network. Our implementation is based upon uniquely identified data objects which are replicated upon...
D.: Managing distributed collaboration in a peer-to-peer network (2006)
Michael Higgins, Stuart Roth, Jeff Senn, Peter Lucas, Dominic Widdows
Abstract. Shared mutable information objects called u-forms provide an attractive foundation on which to build collaborative systems. As we scale up such systems from small fully-connected workgroups...
Logic and the Quality of Medical Guidelines (2005)
Hommersom, Arjen, Lucas, Peter, Balser, Michael
Requirements about the quality of medical guidelines can be represented using schemata borrowed from the theory of abductive diagnosis, using temporal logic to model the time-oriented aspects...
Exploiting Causal Independence in Large Bayesian Networks (2005)
Rasa Jurgelenaite, Peter Lucas
The assessment of a probability distribution associated with a Bayesian network is a challenging task, even if its topology is sparse. Special probability distributions based on the notion of causal...
Exploring the noisy threshold function in designing bayesian networks (2005)
Rasa Jurgelenaite, Peter Lucas, Tom Heskes
Causal independence modelling is a well-known method both for reducing the size of probability tables and for explaining the underlying mechanisms in Bayesian networks. Many Bayesian network models...
A dynamic Bayesian network for diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia (2005)
Theodore Charitos, Theodore Charitos, ...
Diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care units is seen as a clinical challenge. The difficulty in diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia...
The Brookings Institution 3 Rivers Connect (2005)
Pari Sabety, Chris Sweeney, Dominic Widdows, Joshua Knauer, Maryl Curran Widdows, Peter Lucas
The needs of local communities for Comprehensive Information Systems (not just Geographic Information Systems) require new social, political and architectural models that enable collaboration and the...
Using Background Knowledge to Construct Bayesian Classifiers for Data-Poor Domains (2004)
Marcel Van Gerven, Peter Lucas
The development of Bayesian classifiers is frequently accomplished by means of algorithms which are highly data-driven. Often, however, sufficient data are not available, which may be compensated for...
Bayesian analysis, pattern analysis, and data mining in health care (2004)
Purpose of review: To discuss the current role of data mining and Bayesian methods in biomedicine and heath care, in particular critical care. Recent findings: Bayesian networks and other...
Restricted Bayesian network structure learning (2004)
Learning the structure of a Bayesian network from data is a dicult problem, as its associated search space is exponentially large. As a consequence, researchers have studied learning Bayesian...
Teije. Protocure: Supporting the development of medical protocols through formal methods (2004)
Michael Balser, Oscar Coltell, Joyce Van Croonenborg, Christoph Duelli, Frank Van Harmelen, Albert Jovell, ...
www.protocure.org
Employing maximum mutual information for Bayesian classification (2004)
Marcel Van Gerven, Peter Lucas
In order to employ machine learning in realistic clinical settings we are in need of algorithms which show robust performance, producing results that are intelligible to the physician. In this...
Arjen Hommersom, Peter Lucas, Michael Balser
Abstract. Requirements about the quality of medical guidelines can be represented using schemata borrowed from the theory of abductive diagnosis, using temporal logic to model the time-oriented...
Quality checking of medical guidelines through logical abduction (2003)
Formal methods have been used in the past for the verification of the correctness of formalised versions of medical guidelines. In this paper a second possible application of the use of formal...
Quality checking of medical guidelines through logical abduction (2003)
Formal methods have been used in the past for the verication of the correctness of formalised versions of medical guidelines. In this paper a second possible application of the use of formal methods...
Bayesian Network Modelling through Qualitative Patterns (2003)
In designing a Bayesian network for an actual problem, developers need to bridge the gap between the mathematical abstractions o#ered by the Bayesian-network formalism and the features of the problem...
Civium is a global public information commons that aspires to unite the world's basic factual information in a radically distributed peer-to-peer network, based on a structure entirely different...
IDAMAP 2002: Intelligent Data Analysis in Medicine and Pharmacology (2002)
Held During, Peter Lucas, Lars Asker, Silvia Miksch
brought together various theoretical and practical approaches to using data-analysis and machinelearning approaches tackling biomedical and health-care problems. The IDAMAP workshop series is devoted...
Bayesian Network Modelling by Qualitative Patterns (2002)
Abstract. In designing a Bayesian network for an actual problem, developers need to bridge the gap between the mathematical abstractions offered by the Bayesian-network formalism and the features of...
Expert Knowledge and its Role in Learning Bayesian Networks in Medicine: an Appraisal (2001)
A major part of the medical knowledge concerns diseases that are uncommon or even rare. The uncommon nature of these disorders renders it impossible to collect data of a suciently large number of...
Certainty-factor-like Structures in Bayesian Belief Networks (2001)
The certainty-factor model was one of the most popular models for the representation and manipulation of uncertain knowledge in the early rule-based expert systems of the 1980s. After the model was...
Expert Knowledge and its Role in Learning Bayesian Networks in Medicine: an Appraisal (2001)
A major part of the knowledge in the medical eld concerns diseases that are uncommon or even rare. Doctors, however, may nd it dicult to handle such disorders, as they may not have sucient experience...
Bayesian Model-Based Diagnosis (2001)
Model-based diagnosis concerns using a model of the structure and behaviour of a system or device in order to establish why the system or device is malfunctioning. Traditionally, little attention has...
Lucas, Peter, Bruijn, N. De, Schurink, K., Hoepelman, A.
The medical community is presently in a state of transition from a situation dominated by the paper medical record to a future situation where all patient data will be available online by an...
Peter Lucas, Nicolette De Bruijn, Karin Schurink, Andy Hoepelman
The medical community is presently in a state of transition from a situation dominated by the paper medical record to a future situation where all patient data will be available online by an...
Nicolette De Bruijn, Peter Lucas, Karin Schurink, Andy Hoepelman
PTA is a decision-theoretic expert system that aims to assist clinicians in diagnosing and treating patients with pneumonia at the intensive care unit. The underlying probabilistic network model...
A Diagnostic Advice System based on Pathophysiological Models of Diseases (1999)
Medical decision-support systems in which uncertainty plays an essential role are increasingly based on the formalism of probabilistic networks. Although this formalism is very powerful, the...
An Intelligent System for Pacemaker Reprogramming (1999)
Peter Lucas, Astrid Tholen, Geeske Van Oort
The process of reprogramming a cardiac pacemaker can be described in terms similar to those used for describing diagnostic problem solving. In this paper, the process of reprogramming a pacemaker is...
Oort. An intelligent system for pacemaker reprogramming (1999)
Peter Lucas, Astrid Tholen, Geeske Van Oort
The process of reprogramming a cardiac pacemaker can be described in terms similar to those used for describing diagnostic problem solving. In this paper, the process of reprogramming a pacemaker is...
Computer-based Decision Support in the Management of Primary Gastric non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (1998)
Peter Lucas, Henk Boot, Babs Taal
Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the stomach is a rare disorder for which clinical management has not yet been settled completely. Faced with the many uncertainties associated with the selection of a...
Prognostic Methods in Medicine (1998)
Prognosis -- the prediction of the course and outcome of disease processes -- plays an important role in patient management tasks like diagnosis and treatment planning. Prognostic models form,...
Symbolic diagnosis and its formalisation (1997)
Diagnosis was among the first subjects investigated when digital computers became available. It still remains an important research area, in which several new developments have taken place in the...
Trade-offs in decision-theoretic planning (1997)
Decision making under uncertainty can be viewed as a planning task, because it basically amounts to determining a sequence of actions that is optimal for a problem under study. Many different...
John Kolojejchick Steven, Steven F. Roth, Peter Lucas
This paper discusses our use of Visage to create a coordinated suite of basic tools and specialized information appliances. First, we present a scenario illustrating the styles of user interaction in...
Towards an Information Visualization Workspace: Combining Multiple Means of Expression (1997)
Steven F. Roth, Mei C. Chuah, Stephan Kerpedjiev, John Kolojejchick, Peter Lucas
New user interface challenges are arising because people need to explore and perform many diverse tasks involving large quantities of abstract information. Visualizing information is one approach to...
On Teaching Software Architecture Precisely. (1997)
: At present, software architecture is usually taught on an informal, intuitive level, using graphic representations, such as various boxes and arrows, whose meaning is often ill defined. The paper...
Symbolic Diagnosis and its Formalisation (1997)
Diagnosis was among the first subjects investigated when digital computers became available. It still remains an important research area, in which several new developments have taken place in the...
Knowledge acquisition for decision-theoretic expert systems (1996)
In this paper, the construction of decision-theoretic expert systems in collaboration with domain experts is discussed. In particular, the role of domain models in guiding the knowledge-acquisition...
Exploring Information with Visage (1996)
The Visage prototype responds to data-intensive work environments where users, exploring and analyzing data, struggle to make useful multiple applications with disparate visualizations of potentially...
Visage: A User Interface Environment for Exploring Information (1996)
Steven F. Roth, Peter Lucas, Jeffrey A. Senn, Cristina C. Gomberg, Michael B. Burks, Philip J. Stroffolino, ...
Visage is a prototype user interface environment for exploring and analyzing information. It represents an approach to coordinating multiple visualizations, analysis and presentation tools in...
A Theory of Diagnosis as Hypothesis Refinement (1996)
In this paper, diagnosis is viewed as a two-stage process: domain knowledge is rst interpreted in a diagnostic sense; next, observed ndings are interpreted with respect to this interpreted knowledge...
Modelling Interactions for Diagnosis (1996)
Model-based diagnosis concerns the development of diagnostic knowledge-based systems based on detailed domain models. Typically, such domain models include knowledge of causal, structural, and...
Knowledge Acquisition for Decision-theoretic Expert Systems (1996)
In this paper, the construction of decision-theoretic expert systems in collaboration with domain experts is discussed. In particular, the role of domain models in guiding the knowledge-acquisition...
Typescript.
Logic engineering in medicine (1995)
The safety-critical nature of the application of knowledge-based systems to the field of medicine, demands the adoption of reliable engineering principles with a solid foundation for their...
Logic Engineering in Medicine (1995)
The safety-critical nature of the application of knowledge-based systems to the field of medicine, demands the adoption of reliable engineering principles with a solid foundation for their...
The representation of medical reasoning models in resolution-based theorem provers (1993)
First-order predicate logic essentially is a language to express knowledge concerning objects and relationships between objects in a domain. Many medical problems can be cast naturally in such terms....
Tomorrow's history teachers: What kind of training should they be given? (1984)
Tomorrow's history teachers: What kind of training should they be given?
Teleological Presuppositions, and the 'Expectation Gap': A Response to Laura Westra
Critical response to Laura Westra's article "The Disvalue of 'Contingent Valuation' and the Problem of the 'Expectation Gap'" (Environmental Values Vol.9, No.2, pp.153-171).
Valuing Birds in the Bush: For Pluralism in Environmental Risk Assessment
It is now widely acknowledged that social theorists can make an important contribution to our understanding of environmental risk. There is however a danger that the current ascendancy of social...
Parameter Estimation in Large Causal Independence Models
Rasa Jurgelenaite, Peter Lucas
The assessment of a probability distribution that is associated with a Bayesian network is a challenging task, even if its topology is sparse. Special probability distributions, based on the notion...