Simulations of Recoiling Massive Black Holes in the Via Lactea Halo (2009)
Guedes, Javiera, Madau, Piero, Kuhlen, Micheal, Diemand, Jürg, Zemp, Marcel
The coalescence of a massive black hole (MBH) binary leads to the gravitational-wave recoil of the system and its ejection from the galaxy core. We have carried out N-body simulations of the motion...
Probing the Epoch of Reionization with Milky Way Satellites (2009)
Muñoz, Joseph A., Madau, Piero, Loeb, Abraham, Diemand, Jürg
While the connection between high-redshift star formation and the local universe has recently been used to understand the observed population of faint dwarf galaxies in the Milky Way (MW) halo, we...
GeV Gamma-Ray Attenuation and the High-Redshift UV Background (2009)
Gilmore, Rudy C., Madau, Piero, Primack, Joel R., Somerville, Rachel S., Haardt, Francesco
We present new calculations of the evolving UV background out to the epoch of cosmological reionization and make predictions for the amount of GeV gamma-ray attenuation by electron-positron pair...
Strong gravitational lensing probes of the particle nature of dark matter (2009)
Moustakas, Leonidas A., Abazajian, Kevork, Benson, Andrew, Bolton, Adam S., Bullock, James S., Chen, Jacqueline, ...
There is a vast menagerie of plausible candidates for the constituents of dark matter, both within and beyond extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics. Each of these candidates may have...
Cosmology from the Highly-Redshifted 21 cm Line (2009)
Furlanetto, Steven, Lidz, Adam, Loeb, Abraham, McQuinn, Matthew, Pritchard, Jonathan, Shapiro, Paul, ...
One of the next decade's most exciting prospects is to explore the cosmic "dark ages," during which the first stars in the Universe formed, with the 21 cm line of neutral hydrogen. At z>6, this light...
Astrophysics from the Highly-Redshifted 21 cm Line (2009)
Furlanetto, Steven, Lidz, Adam, Loeb, Abraham, McQuinn, Matthew, Pritchard, Jonathan, Aguirre, James, ...
The cosmic dark ages and the epoch of reionization, during which the first generations of stars and galaxies formed, are among the most compelling frontiers of extragalactic astrophysics and...
Cooray, Asantha, Amblard, Alexandre, Beichman, Charles, Benford, Dominic, Bernstein, Rebecca, Bock, James, ...
(Brief Summary) What is the total radiative content of the Universe since the epoch of recombination? The extragalactic background light (EBL) spectrum captures the redshifted energy released from...
A downturn in intergalactic CIV as redshift 6 is approached (2009)
Ryan-Weber, Emma V., Pettini, Max, Madau, Piero, Zych, Berkeley J.
We present the results of the largest survey to date for intergalactic metals at redshifts z > 5, using near-IR spectra of nine QSOs with emission redshifts z(em) > 5.7. We find, for the first time,...
A downturn in intergalactic C IV as redshift 6 is approached (2009)
Ryan-Weber, Emma V., Pettini, Max, Madau, Piero, Zych, Berkeley J.
We present the results of the largest survey to date for intergalactic metals at redshifts z > 5 , using near-IR spectra of nine quasi-stellar objects with emission redshifts zem > 5.7 . We...
A downturn in intergalactic C IV as redshift 6 is approached (2009)
Ryan-Weber, Emma V., Pettini, Max, Madau, Piero, Zych, Berkeley J.
We present the results of the largest survey to date for intergalactic metals at redshifts z > 5 , using near-IR spectra of nine quasi-stellar objects with emission redshifts zem > 5.7 . We...
The Graininess of Dark Matter Haloes (2008)
Zemp, Marcel, Diemand, Jürg, Kuhlen, Michael, Madau, Piero, Moore, Ben, Potter, Doug, ...
We use the recently completed one billion particle Via Lactea II LambdaCDM simulation to investigate local properties like density, mean velocity, velocity dispersion, anisotropy, orientation and...
Massive Black Hole Recoil in High Resolution Hosts (2008)
Guedes, Javiera, Diemand, Jürg, Zemp, Marcel, Kuhlen, Michael, Madau, Piero, Mayer, Lucio, ...
The final inspiral and coalescence of a black hole binary can produce highly beamed gravitational wave radiation. To conserve linear momentum, the black hole remnant can recoil with "kick" velocity...
He II absorption and the sawtooth spectrum of the cosmic far-UV background (2008)
Madau, Piero, Haardt, Francesco
Cosmic ultraviolet background radiation between 3 and 4 Ryd is reprocessed by resonant line absorption in the Lyman series of intergalactic He II. This process results in a sawtooth modulation of the...
Modeling Gamma-Ray Attenuation in High-Redshift GeV Spectra (2008)
Gilmore, Rudy C., Madau, Piero, Primack, Joel R., Somerville, Rachel S.
We present two models for the cosmological UV background light, and calculate the opacity of GeV gamma--rays out to redshift 9. The contributors to the background include 2 possible quasar...
Stadel, Joachim, Potter, Doug, Moore, Ben, Diemand, Jürg, Madau, Piero, Zemp, Marcel, ...
We perform a series of simulations of a Galactic mass dark matter halo at different resolutions, our largest uses over three billion particles and has a mass resolution of 1000 M_sun. We quantify the...
The Dark Matter Annihilation Signal from Galactic Substructure: Predictions for GLAST (2008)
Kuhlen, Michael, Diemand, Jürg, Madau, Piero
We present quantitative predictions for the detectability of individual Galactic dark matter subhalos in gamma-rays from dark matter pair annihilations in their centers. Our method is based on a...
Dark matter subhalos and the dwarf satellites of the Milky Way (2008)
Madau, Piero, Diemand, Juerg, Kuhlen, Michael
The Via Lactea simulation of the dark matter halo of the Milky Way predicts the existence of many thousands of bound subhalos distributed approximately with equal mass per decade of mass. Here we...
Sesana, Alberto, Haardt, Francesco, Madau, Piero
We develop a formalism for studying the dynamics of massive black hole binaries embedded in gravitationally-bound stellar cusps, and study the binary orbital decay by three-body interactions, the...
Multimass spherical structure models for N-body simulations (2007)
Zemp, Marcel, Moore, Ben, Stadel, Joachim, Carollo, C. Marcella, Madau, Piero
We present a simple and efficient method to set up spherical structure models for N-body simulations with a multimass technique. This technique reduces by a substantial factor the computer run time...
Detecting primordial stars (2007)
Scannapieco, Evan, Ferrara, Andrea, Heger, Alexander, Madau, Piero, Schneider, Raffaella, Woosley, Stan
We study the detectability of primordial metal-free stars. Cosmological enrichment is a local process that takes place over an extended redshift range. While the duration of this transition depends...
Rapid Formation of Supermassive Black Hole Binaries in Galaxy Mergers with Gas (2007)
Mayer, Lucio, Kazantzidis, Stelios, Madau, Piero, Colpi, Monica, Quinn, Thomas, Wadsley, James
Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are a ubiquitous component of the nuclei of galaxies. It is normally assumed that, following the merger of two massive galaxies, a SMBH binary will form, shrink due...
The Astrophysics of Early Galaxy Formation (2007)
These lectures summarize our basic understanding of the emergence of cosmic structures, the epoch of first light, the survival of early substructure in present-day galaxy halos.
Kinematics of hypervelocity stars in the triaxial halo of the Milky Way (2007)
Hypervelocity stars (HVSs) ejected by the massive black hole at the Galactic center have unique kinematic properties compared to other halo stars. Their trajectories will deviate from being exactly...
Redefining the Missing Satellites Problem (2007)
Strigari, Louis E., Bullock, James S., Kaplinghat, Manoj, Diemand, Juerg, Kuhlen, Michael, Madau, Piero
Numerical simulations of Milky-Way size Cold Dark Matter (CDM) halos predict a steeply rising mass function of small dark matter subhalos and a substructure count that greatly outnumbers the observed...
GLAST and Dark Matter Substructure in the Milky Way (2007)
Kuhlen, Michael, Diemand, Jürg, Madau, Piero
We discuss the possibility of GLAST detecting gamma-rays from the annihilation of neutralino dark matter in the Galactic halo. We have used "Via Lactea", currently the highest resolution simulation...
Formation and evolution of galaxy dark matter halos and their substructure (2007)
Diemand, Juerg, Kuhlen, Michael, Madau, Piero
We use the ``Via Lactea'' simulation to study the co-evolution of a Milky Way-size LambdaCDM halo and its subhalo population. While most of the host halo mass is accreted over the first 6 Gyr in a...
Formation and early evolution of massive black holes (2007)
The astrophysical processes that led to the formation of the first seed black holes and to their growth into the supermassive variety that powers bright quasars at redshift 6 are poorly understood....
Redefining the missing satellites problem (2007)
Strigari, Louis E., Bullock, James S., Kaplinghat, Manoj, Diemand, Juerg, Kuhlen, Michael, Madau, Piero
Dark matter substructure and gamma-ray annihilation in the Milky Way halo (2006)
Diemand, Juerg, Kuhlen, Michael, Madau, Piero
We present initial results from ``Via Lactea'', the highest resolution simulation to date of Galactic CDM substructure. It follows the formation of a Milky Way-size halo with Mvir=1.8x10^12 Msun in a...
Intergalactic CIV absorption at redshifts 5.4 to 6 (2006)
Ryan-Weber, Emma V., Pettini, Max, Madau, Piero
We report the discovery of a strong CIV 1548,1550 absorption system at z_abs = 5.7238 in the near-infrared spectrum (J-band) of the z_em = 6.28 QSO SDSS J1030+0524. These observations, obtained with...
Astronomy: Trouble at first light (2006)
The question of how much light the first stars produced is fundamental to models of the Universe's development. But observations have so far failed to agree: is the answer a lot, or not very much at...
Early supersymmetric cold dark matter substructure (2006)
Diemand, Juerg, Kuhlen, Michael, Madau, Piero
Earth-mass ``microhalos'' may be the first objects to virialize in the early universe. Their ability to survive the hierarchical clustering process as substructure in the larger halos that form...
Multi-scale simulations of merging galaxies with supermassive black holes (2006)
Mayer, Lucio, Kazantzidis, Stelios, Madau, Piero, Colpi, Monica, Quinn, Thomas, Wadsley, James
We present the results of the first multi-scale N-Body+SPH simulations of merging galaxies containing central supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and having a spatial resolution of only a few parsecs....
Cosmic rays, lithium abundance and excess entropy in galaxy clusters (2006)
Nath, Biman B., Madau, Piero, Silk, Joseph
Restricted Access. An Open Access version is available at arXiv.org.
Intergalactic C IV absorption at redshifts 5.4 to 6 (2006)
Ryan-Weber, Emma V., Pettini, Max, Madau, Piero
We report the discovery of a strong CIV λλ1548, 1550 absorption system at zabs = 5.7238 in the near-infrared spectrum (J-band) of the zem = 6.28 QSO SDSS J1030+0524. These observations,...
Intergalactic C IV absorption at redshifts 5.4 to 6 (2006)
Ryan-Weber, Emma V., Pettini, Max, Madau, Piero
We report the discovery of a strong CIV λλ1548, 1550 absorption system at zabs = 5.7238 in the near-infrared spectrum (J-band) of the zem = 6.28 QSO SDSS J1030+0524. These observations,...
Cosmic rays, lithium abundance and excess entropy in galaxy clusters (2005)
Nath, Biman B., Madau, Piero, Silk, Joseph
We consider the production of $^6$Li in spallation reactions by cosmic rays in order to explain the observed abundance in halo metal-poor stars. We show that heating of ambient gas by cosmic rays is...
Kuhlen, Michael, Madau, Piero, Montgomery, Ryan
We use numerical hydrodynamical simulations of early structure formation in a LCDM universe to investigate the spin temperature and 21cm brightness of the diffuse intergalactic medium (IGM) prior to...
Globular clusters, satellite galaxies and stellar haloes from early dark matter peaks (2005)
Moore, Ben, Diemand, Juerg, Madau, Piero, Zemp, Marcel, Stadel, Joachim
The Milky Way contains several distinct old stellar components that provide a fossil record of its formation. We can understand their spatial distribution and kinematics in a hierarchical formation...
Detecting Primordial Stars (2005)
Scannapieco, Evan, Ferrara, Andrea, Heger, Alexander, Madau, Piero, Schneider, Raffaella, Woosley, Stan
We study the detectability of primordial metal-free stars. Cosmological enrichment is a local process that takes place over an extended redshift range. While the duration of this transition depends...
The Detectability of Pair-Production Supernovae at z < 6 (2005)
Scannapieco, Evan, Madau, Piero, Woosley, Stan, Heger, Alexander, Ferrara, Andrea
Nonrotating, zero metallicity stars with initial masses 140 < M < 260 solar masses are expected to end their lives as pair-production supernovae (PPSNe), in which an electron-positron pair-production...
Diemand, Juerg, Madau, Piero, Moore, Ben
We show that the hierarchical assembly of cold dark matter (CDM) haloes preserves the memory of the initial conditions. Using N-body cosmological simulations, we demonstrate that the present-day...
The origin of intergalactic metals around Lyman-break galaxies (2005)
Porciani, Cristiano, Madau, Piero
Theoretical and observational arguments suggest that the intergalactic medium (IGM) might have been polluted with metals produced by early star formation. In this scenario, Lyman-break galaxies...
Population III and the Near-Infrared Background Excess (2005)
We make a critical assessment of models that attribute the recently detected near-infrared background ``excess'' (NIRBE) to the redshifted light from Population III objects. To supply the required 25...
From the Earliest Seeds to Today's Supermassive Black Holes (2004)
I review scenarios for the assembly of supermassive black holes (MBHs) at the center of galaxies that trace their hierarchical build-up far up in the dark matter halo "merger tree". Monte Carlo...
The distribution and cosmic evolution of massive black hole spins (2004)
Volonteri, Marta, Madau, Piero, Quataert, Eliot, Rees, Martin
We study the expected distribution of massive black hole (MBH) spins and its evolution with cosmic time in the context of hierarchical galaxy formation theories. Our model uses Monte Carlo...
Kazantzidis, Stelios, Mayer, Lucio, Colpi, Monica, Madau, Piero, Debattista, Victor P., Wadsley, James, ...
We analyze the effect of dissipation on the orbital evolution of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) using high-resolution self-consistent gasdynamical simulations of binary equal- and unequal-mass...
High Redshift Supernova Rates (2004)
Dahlen, Tomas, Strolger, Louis-Gregory, Riess, Adam G., Mobasher, Bahram, Chary, Ranga-Ram, Conselice, Christopher J., ...
We use a sample of 42 supernovae detected with the Advanced Camera for Surveys on-board the Hubble Space Telescope as part of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey to measure the rate of core...
Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Madau, Piero
There is now compelling evidence of a link between long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and Type Ib/c supernovae (SNe). These core-collapse explosions are conjectured to radiate an anisotropic,...
The effect of gravitational-wave recoil on the demography of massive black holes (2004)
The coalescence of massive black hole (MBH) binaries following galaxy mergers is one of the main sources of low-frequency gravitational radiation. A higher-order relativistic phenomenon, the recoil...
Sesana, Alberto, Haardt, Francesco, Madau, Piero, Volonteri, Marta
We compute the expected gravitational wave signal from coalescing massive black hole (MBH) binaries at the center of galaxies in a hierarchical structure formation scenario in which seed holes of...
A New Non-Parametric Approach to Galaxy Morphological Classification (2003)
Lotz, Jennifer M., Primack, Joel, Madau, Piero
We present two new non-parametric methods for quantifying galaxy morphology: the relative distribution of the galaxy pixel flux values (the Gini coefficient or G) and the second-order moment of the...
Evolution in the Colors of Lyman-Break Galaxies from Z~4 to Z~3 (2003)
Papovich, Casey, Dickinson, Mark, Ferguson, Henry C., Giavalisco, Mauro, Lotz, Jennifer, Madau, Piero, ...
The integrated colors of distant galaxies provide a means for interpreting the properties of their stellar content. Here, we use rest-frame UV-to-optical colors to constrain the spectral-energy...
Early reionization by miniquasars (2003)
Madau, Piero, Rees, Martin J., Volonteri, Marta, Haardt, Francesco, Oh, S. Peng
Motivated by the recent detection by WMAP of a large optical depth to Thomson scattering -- implying a very early reionization epoch -- we assess a scenario where the universe was reionized by...
The Size Evolution of High Redshift Galaxies (2003)
Ferguson, Henry C., Dickinson, Mark, Giavalisco, Mauro, Kretchmer, Claudia, Ravindranath, Swara, Idzi, Rafal, ...
Hubble Space Telescope images of high-redshift galaxies selected via color and photometric redshifts are used to examine the size and axial-ratio distribution of galaxies as a function of redshift at...
The C IV Mass Density of the Universe at Redshift 5 (2003)
Pettini, Max, Madau, Piero, Bolte, Michael, Prochaska, Jason X., Ellison, Sara L., Fan, Xiaohui
In order to search for metals in the Lyman alpha forest at redshifts z > 4, we have obtained spectra of high S/N and resolution of three QSOs at z > 5.4 discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey....
The formation of galaxy stellar cores by the hierarchical merging of supermassive black holes (2003)
Volonteri, Marta, Madau, Piero, Haardt, Francesco
We investigate a hierarchical structure formation scenario in which galaxy stellar cores are created from the binding energy liberated by shrinking supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries. The binary...
The development of primordial inhomogeneities into the non-linear regime and the formation of the first astrophysical objects within dark matter halos mark the transition from a simple, neutral,...
The Era of Reionization (2002)
In popular cold dark matter cosmological scenarios, stars may have first appeared in significant numbers around a redshift of 10 or so, as the gas within protogalactic halos with virial temperatures...
First Light and the Reionization of the Universe (2002)
The development of primordial inhomogeneities into the non-linear regime and the formation of the first bound objects mark the transition from a simple cooling universe -- described by just a few...
Early Structure Formation and the Epoch of First Light (2002)
In popular cold dark matter cosmological scenarios, stars may have first appeared in significant numbers around a redshift of 10 or so, as the gas within protogalactic halos with virial temperatures...
Volonteri, Marta, Haardt, Francesco, Madau, Piero
We assess models for the assembly of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at the center of galaxies that trace their hierarchical build-up far up in the dark halo `merger tree'. We assume that the first...
Early Enrichment of the Intergalactic Medium and its Feedback on Galaxy Formation (2002)
Scannapieco, Evan, Ferrara, Andrea, Madau, Piero
Supernova-driven outflows from early galaxies may have had a large impact on the kinetic and chemical structure of the intergalactic medium (IGM). We use three-dimensional Monte Carlo cosmological...
Did Very Massive Stars Pre-enrich and Reionize the Universe? (2001)
Oh, S. Peng, Nollett, Kenneth M., Madau, Piero, Wasserburg, G. J.
Recent studies of heavy r-process elements in low [Fe/H] halo stars have suggested that an initial population of metal-free very massive stars (VMSs) may be required to provide early Fe enrichment...
Compound gravitational lensing as a probe of dark matter substructure within galaxy halos (2001)
Metcalf, R. Benton, Madau, Piero
We show how observations of multiply-imaged quasars at high redshift can be used as a probe of dark matter clumps (subhalos with masses ~ 10^9 solar masses) within the virialized extent of more...
Early Metal Enrichment by Pregalactic Outflows: II. Simulations of Blow-away (2001)
Mori, Masao, Ferrara, Andrea, Madau, Piero
We present results from three-dimensional numerical simulations of the dynamics of SN-driven bubbles as they propagate through and escape the grasp of subgalactic halos with masses M ~ 10^8 Msun at...
Modelling the uv/x-ray cosmic background with CUBA (2001)
Haardt, Francesco, Madau, Piero
In this paper, I will describe the features of the numerical code CUBA, aimed at the solution of the radiative transfer equation in a cosmological context. CUBA will be soon available for public use...
Massive Black Holes as Population III Remnants (2001)
Recent numerical simulations of the fragmentation of primordial molecular clouds in hierarchical cosmogonies have suggested that the very first stars (the so-called Population III) may have been...
Lensing Constraints on the Cores of Massive Dark Matter Halos (2001)
Keeton, Charles R., Madau, Piero
The statistics of wide-separation (6'' < theta < 15'') gravitational lenses constrain the amount of mass in the cores of dark matter halos on group and cluster mass scales. For a family of halo...
Winds from massive stars: implications for the afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (2000)
Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Dray, Lynnette M., Madau, Piero, Tout, Christopher A.
Recent observations suggest that long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows are produced by highly relativistic jets emitted in core-collapse explosions. The pre-explosive ambient...
Extragalactic Background Light, MACHOs, and the Cosmic Stellar Baryon Budget (2000)
Madau, Piero, Haardt, Francesco, Pozzetti, Lucia
The optical/far-IR extragalactic background light (EBL) from both resolved and unresolved extragalactic sources is an indicator of the total luminosity of cosmic structures, as the cumulative...
The Optical Extragalactic Background Light from Resolved Galaxies (2000)
We discuss the ultraviolet to near-IR galaxy counts from the deepest imaging surveys, including the northern and southern Hubble Deep Fields. The logarithmic slope of the galaxy number-magnitude...
An ionizing UV background dominated by massive stars (2000)
Haehnelt, Martin G., Madau, Piero, Kudritzki, Rolf P., Haardt, Francesco
We discuss implications of a stellar-dominated UV background at high redshifts. The composite spectrum of 29 LBGs evaluated by Steidel etal (2000) at =3.4 can be well fit by a stellar population with...
Probing the End of the Dark Ages (2000)
In currently popular cosmological scenarios -- all variants of the cold dark matter (CDM) cosmogony -- some time beyond a redshift of 15, stars within the numerous small halos that condense with...
Early Metal Enrichment of the Intergalactic Medium by Pregalactic Outflows (2000)
Madau, Piero, Ferrara, Andrea, Rees, Martin J.
We assess supernova (SN)-driven pregalactic outflows as a mechanism for distributing the product of stellar nucleosynthesis over large cosmological volumes prior to the reionization epoch. SN ejecta...
Photon Consumption in Minihalos during Cosmological Reionization (2000)
Haiman, Zoltan, Abel, Tom, Madau, Piero
At the earliest epochs of structure formation in cold dark matter (CDM) cosmologies, the smallest nonlinear objects are the numerous small halos that condense with virial temperatures below 10,000 K....
Porciani, Cristiano, Madau, Piero
Recent evidence appears to link gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to star-forming regions in galaxies at cosmological distances. If short-lived massive stars are the progenitors of GRBs, the rate of events per...
A strategy for finding gravitationally-lensed distant supernovae (2000)
Sullivan, Mark, Ellis, Richard, Nugent, Peter, Smail, Ian, Madau, Piero
Distant Type Ia and II supernovae (SNe) can serve as valuable probes of the history of the cosmic expansion and star formation, and provide important information on their progenitor models. At...
The Earliest Luminous Sources and the Damping Wing of the Gunn-Peterson Trough (2000)
Recent observations of high-redshift galaxies and quasars indicate that the hydrogen component of the intergalactic medium (IGM) must have been reionized at some redshift z>6. Prior to complete...
The Intergalactic Medium (2000)
About half a million years after the Big Bang, the ever-fading cosmic blackbody radiation cooled below 3000 K and shifted first into the infrared and then into the radio, and the smooth baryonic...
Cosmological Reionization (2000)
In popular cosmological scenarios, some time beyond a redshift of 10, stars within protogalaxies created the first heavy elements; these systems, together perhaps with an early population of quasars,...
Compton Echoes from Gamma-ray Bursts (1999)
Madau, Piero, Blandford, Roger D., Rees, Martin J.
Recent observations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have provided growing evidence for collimated outflows and emission, and strengthened the connection between GRBs and supernovae. If massive stars are...
Thompson, Christopher, Madau, Piero
We consider the effects of rapid pair creation by an intense pulse of gamma-rays propagating ahead of a relativistic shock. Side-scattered photons colliding with the main gamma-ray beam amplify the...
Madau, Piero, Thompson, Christopher
We consider the radiative acceleration to relativistic bulk velocities of a cold, optically thin plasma which is exposed to an external source of gamma-rays. The flow is driven by radiative momentum...
Deep Galaxy Counts, Extragalactic Background Light, and the Stellar Baryon Budget (1999)
We assess the constraints imposed by the observed extragalactic background light (EBL) on the cosmic history of star formation and the stellar mass density today. The logarithmic slope of the galaxy...
Cosmic Star Formation History and the Brightness of the Night Sky (1999)
I review the constraints imposed by the observed extragalactic background light (EBL) on the history of the stellar birthrate in galaxies. At faint magnitudes, the logarithmic slope of the galaxy...
The First Light seen in the redshifted 21-cm radiation (1999)
Tozzi, Paolo, Madau, Piero, Meiksin, Avery, Rees, Martin J.
We show how the investigation of the redshifted 21-cm radiation can give insight into the development of structures in the early universe (at redshifts z>5). In particular we investigate: the epoch...
Radio Signatures of HI at High Redshift: Mapping the End of the ``Dark Ages'' (1999)
Tozzi, Paolo, Madau, Piero, Meiksin, Avery, Rees, Martin J.
The emission of 21-cm radiation from a neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) at high redshift is discussed in connection with the thermal and ionization history of the universe. The physical mechanisms...
Starlight in the Universe (1999)
There has been remarkable progress recently in both observational and theoretical studies of galaxy formation and evolution. Largely due to a combination of deep Hubble Space Telescope imaging, Keck...
Compton Heating of the Intergalactic Medium by the Hard X-ray Background (1999)
Madau, Piero, Efstathiou, George
High-resolution hydrodynamics simulations of the Ly-alpha forest in cold dark matter dominated cosmologies appear to predict line widths that are substantially narrower than those observed. Here we...
Faint galaxies, extragalactic background light, and the reionization of the Universe (1999)
I review recent observational and theoretical progress in our understanding of the cosmic evolution of luminous sources. Largely due to a combination of deep HST imaging, Keck spectroscopy, and COBE...
Abel, Tom, Norman, Michael L., Madau, Piero
Many questions in physical cosmology regarding the thermal and ionization history of the intergalactic medium are now successfully studied with the help of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations....
After the Dark Ages: the Evolution of Luminous Sources at z (1998)
I review recent observational and theoretical progress in our understanding of the cosmic evolution of luminous sources. Through a combination of deep imaging, Keck spectroscopy, and COBE background...
An Extremely red r^{1/4} galaxy in the test image of the Hubble Deep Field South (1998)
Treu, Tommaso, Stiavelli, Massimo, Walker, Alistair, Williams, Robert, Baum, Stefi, Bernstein, Gary, ...
Also archived in: arXiv: astro-ph/9808282 v1 25 Aug 1998
An extremely red r^{1/4} galaxy in the test image of the Hubble Deep Field South (1998)
Treu, Tommaso, Stiavelli, Massimo, Walker, Alistair, Williams, Robert, Baum, Stefi, Bernstein, Gary, ...
Also archived in: arXiv: astro-ph/9808282 v1 25 Aug 1998
Gravitational Lensing of Distant Supernovae in Cold Dark Matter Universes (1998)
Porciani, Cristiano, Madau, Piero
Ongoing searches for supernovae (SNe) at cosmological distances have recently started to provide large numbers of events with measured redshifts and apparent brightnesses. Compared to quasars or...
Radiative Transfer in a Clumpy Universe: III. The Nature of Cosmological Ionizing Sources (1998)
Madau, Piero, Haardt, Francesco, Rees, Martin J.
The history of the transition from a neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) to one that is almost fully ionized can reveal the character of cosmological ionizing sources. We study the evolution of the...
Probing The High Redshift Universe with the NGST (1998)
Through a combination of deep wide-field imaging and multi-object spectroscopy, the Next Generation Space Telescope will be able to chart with unprecedented accuracy the evolution of cosmic...
Star Formation at High Redshift: A Population of Early Dwarfs? (1998)
The history of the transition from a neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) to one that is almost fully ionized can reveal the character of cosmological ionizing sources and set important constraints on...
Constraints from the Hubble Deep Field on High Redshift Quasar Models (1998)
Haiman, Zoltan, Madau, Piero, Loeb, Abraham
High resolution, deep imaging surveys are instrumental in setting constraints on semi-analytical structure formation models in Cold Dark Matter (CDM) cosmologies. We show here that the lack of...
What Keeps the Universe Ionized at z=5? (1998)
The history of the transition from a neutral intergalactic medium to one that is almost fully ionized can reveal the character of cosmological ionizing sources. In this talk I will discuss the...
Galaxy Evolution and the Cosmic Rate of Supernovae (1998)
Ongoing searches for supernovae (SNe) at cosmological distances have recently started to provide a link between SN Ia statistics and galaxy evolution. In this talk I will use recent estimates of the...
The Evolution of Luminous Matter in the Universe (1997)
I review a technique for interpreting faint galaxy data which traces the evolution with cosmic time of the galaxy luminosity density, as determined from several deep spectroscopic samples and the...
The Star Formation History of Field Galaxies (1997)
Madau, Piero, Pozzetti, Lucia, Dickinson, Mark
We develop a method for interpreting faint galaxy data which focuses on the integrated light radiated from the galaxy population as a whole. The emission history of the universe at ultraviolet,...
The Hubble Deep Field and the Early Evolution of Galaxies (1997)
I review some recent progress made in our understanding of galaxy evolution and the cosmic history of star formation. The Hubble Deep Field (HDF) imaging survey has achieved the sensitivity to...
Cosmic Star Formation History (1996)
I review some recent progress made in our understanding of galaxy evolution and the cosmic history of star formation. Like bookends, the results obtained from deep ground-based spectroscopy and from...
The instrinsic UV/soft x-ray spectrum of quasars (1996)
Haardt, Francesco, Madau, Piero
The detection of a HeII absorption trough in the spectra of three high-redshift quasars provides new constraints on the spectral shape of the UV extragalactic background. The relative strengths of...
21-cm Tomography of the Intergalactic Medium at High Redshift (1996)
Madau, Piero, Meiksin, Avery, Rees, Martin J.
We investigate the 21-cm signature that may arise from the intergalactic medium (IGM) prior to the epoch of full reionization (z>5). In scenarios in which the IGM is reionized by discrete sources of...
Madau, Piero, Ferguson, Henry C., Dickinson, Mark E., Giavalisco, Mauro, Steidel, Charles C., Fruchter, Andrew
The Lyman decrement associated with the cumulative effect of HI in QSO absorption systems along the line of sight provides a distinctive feature for identifying galaxies at z>2.5. The Hubble Deep...
Madau, Piero, Shull, J. Michael
The recent discovery by Cowie \etal and Tytler \etal of metals in the \Lya clouds shows that the intergalactic medium (IGM) at high redshift is contaminated by the products of stars, and suggests...
Radiative Transfer in a Clumpy Universe: II. The Utraviolet Extragalactic Background (1995)
Haardt, Francesco, Madau, Piero
We present a detailed calculation of the propagation of AGN-like ionizing radiation through the intergalactic space. We model the ionization state of absorbing clouds, and show that the universe will...