Jenkins, T M, Hickman, A B, Dyda, F, Ghirlando, R, Davies, D R, Craigie, R
The integrase protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is necessary for the stable integration of the viral genome into host DNA. Integrase catalyzes the 3' processing of the linear viral DNA...
Protection of retroviral DNA from autointegration: involvement of a cellular factor.
An essential step in the retrovirus life cycle is integration of a DNA copy of the viral genome into a host chromosome. After reverse transcription, there can be a delay of many hours before the...
Bushman, F D, Engelman, A, Palmer, I, Wingfield, P, Craigie, R
The integrase protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 carries out a set of polynucleotidyl transfer reactions that result in the covalent attachment of the retroviral cDNA to host DNA. We have...
Integration of human immunodeficiency virus DNA: adduct interference analysis of required DNA sites.
The integration (IN) protein encoded by human immunodeficiency virus directs the integration of viral DNA into host DNA. We have probed the DNA sites required for the function of IN protein by...
Growth of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after infection requires the integration of a DNA copy of the viral RNA genome into a chromosome of the host. Here we present a simple in vitro system...
Multiple effects of mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase on viral replication.
Engelman, A, Englund, G, Orenstein, J M, Martin, M A, Craigie, R
The integration of a DNA copy of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome into a chromosome of an infected cell is a pivotal step in virus replication. Integration requires the activity...
Efficient magnesium-dependent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase activity.
The integrase protein from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has generally been reported to require Mn2+ for efficient in vitro activity. We have reexamined the divalent metal ion...
Bhushan, R, Craigie, R, Murphy, T F
Outer membrane protein E (OMP E) is a 50-kDa protein of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis. It is a potential vaccine antigen because it is expressed on the surface of the bacterium and has...
Engelman, A, Hickman, A B, Craigie, R
The integrase protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 removes two nucleotides from the 3' ends of reverse-transcribed human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA (3' processing) and covalently...
We have probed the structural organization of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase protein by limited proteolysis and the functional organization by site-directed mutagenesis of selected...
Sequence requirements for integration of Moloney murine leukemia virus DNA in vitro.
Normal replication of Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV) requires the integration of a DNA copy of the viral RNA genome into a chromosome of the host. In this work, we characterize the DNA...
After retroviral infection of a permissive cell, the viral RNA is reverse-transcribed to make a DNA copy of the viral genome. Integration of this DNA copy into the host genome is a necessary step for...
Maxwell, A, Craigie, R, Mizuuchi, K
A DNA strand-transfer reaction is an early step in the transposition of phage Mu. It has been shown that an efficient reaction in vitro requires, in addition to buffer and salt, only the Mu A...
Mazumder, A, Engelman, A, Craigie, R, Fesen, M, Pommier, Y
We report the activities of HIV integrase protein on a novel DNA substrate, consisting of a pair of gapped duplex molecules. Integrase catalyzed an intermolecular disintegration reaction that...
A rapid in vitro assay for HIV DNA integration.
Craigie, R, Mizuuchi, K, Bushman, F D, Engelman, A
Retroviruses synthesize a double stranded DNA copy of their RNA genome after infection of a permissive cell and subsequent integration of this DNA copy into the host genome is necessary for normal...
Craigie, R, Arndt-Jovin, D J, Mizuuchi, K
An early step in the transposition of bacteriophage Mu DNA in vitro is a DNA strand-transfer reaction that generates an intermediate DNA structure in which the Mu donor DNA and the target DNA are...
Engelman, A, Bushman, F D, Craigie, R
HIV-1 integrase protein possesses the 3' processing and DNA strand transfer activities that are required to integrate HIV DNA into a host chromosome. The N-, C-terminal and core domains of integrase...
Jenkins, T M, Esposito, D, Engelman, A, Craigie, R
Analysis of the crystal structure of HIV-1 integrase reveals a cluster of lysine residues near the active site. Using site-directed mutagenesis and photo-crosslinking we find that Lys156 and Lys159...
A large nucleoprotein assembly at the ends of the viral DNA mediates retroviral DNA integration.
Wei, S Q, Mizuuchi, K, Craigie, R
We have probed the nucleoprotein organization of Moloney murine leukemia virus (MLV) pre-integration complexes using a novel footprinting technique that utilizes a simplified in vitro phage Mu...
HIV-1 integrase specifically recognizes and cleaves viral end DNA during the initial step of retroviral integration. The protein and DNA determinants of the specificity of viral end DNA binding have...
Jenkins, T M, Hickman, A B, Dyda, F, Ghirlando, R, Davies, D R, Craigie, R
The integrase protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is necessary for the stable integration of the viral genome into host DNA. Integrase catalyzes the 3' processing of the linear viral DNA...
Protection of retroviral DNA from autointegration: involvement of a cellular factor.
An essential step in the retrovirus life cycle is integration of a DNA copy of the viral genome into a host chromosome. After reverse transcription, there can be a delay of many hours before the...
Bushman, F D, Engelman, A, Palmer, I, Wingfield, P, Craigie, R
The integrase protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 carries out a set of polynucleotidyl transfer reactions that result in the covalent attachment of the retroviral cDNA to host DNA. We have...
Integration of human immunodeficiency virus DNA: adduct interference analysis of required DNA sites.
The integration (IN) protein encoded by human immunodeficiency virus directs the integration of viral DNA into host DNA. We have probed the DNA sites required for the function of IN protein by...
Growth of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after infection requires the integration of a DNA copy of the viral RNA genome into a chromosome of the host. Here we present a simple in vitro system...
Multiple effects of mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase on viral replication.
Engelman, A, Englund, G, Orenstein, J M, Martin, M A, Craigie, R
The integration of a DNA copy of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome into a chromosome of an infected cell is a pivotal step in virus replication. Integration requires the activity...
Efficient magnesium-dependent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase activity.
The integrase protein from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has generally been reported to require Mn2+ for efficient in vitro activity. We have reexamined the divalent metal ion...
Bhushan, R, Craigie, R, Murphy, T F
Outer membrane protein E (OMP E) is a 50-kDa protein of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis. It is a potential vaccine antigen because it is expressed on the surface of the bacterium and has...
Engelman, A, Hickman, A B, Craigie, R
The integrase protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 removes two nucleotides from the 3' ends of reverse-transcribed human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA (3' processing) and covalently...
We have probed the structural organization of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase protein by limited proteolysis and the functional organization by site-directed mutagenesis of selected...
Sequence requirements for integration of Moloney murine leukemia virus DNA in vitro.
Normal replication of Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV) requires the integration of a DNA copy of the viral RNA genome into a chromosome of the host. In this work, we characterize the DNA...
After retroviral infection of a permissive cell, the viral RNA is reverse-transcribed to make a DNA copy of the viral genome. Integration of this DNA copy into the host genome is a necessary step for...
Maxwell, A, Craigie, R, Mizuuchi, K
A DNA strand-transfer reaction is an early step in the transposition of phage Mu. It has been shown that an efficient reaction in vitro requires, in addition to buffer and salt, only the Mu A...
Mazumder, A, Engelman, A, Craigie, R, Fesen, M, Pommier, Y
We report the activities of HIV integrase protein on a novel DNA substrate, consisting of a pair of gapped duplex molecules. Integrase catalyzed an intermolecular disintegration reaction that...
A rapid in vitro assay for HIV DNA integration.
Craigie, R, Mizuuchi, K, Bushman, F D, Engelman, A
Retroviruses synthesize a double stranded DNA copy of their RNA genome after infection of a permissive cell and subsequent integration of this DNA copy into the host genome is necessary for normal...
Craigie, R, Arndt-Jovin, D J, Mizuuchi, K
An early step in the transposition of bacteriophage Mu DNA in vitro is a DNA strand-transfer reaction that generates an intermediate DNA structure in which the Mu donor DNA and the target DNA are...
Engelman, A, Bushman, F D, Craigie, R
HIV-1 integrase protein possesses the 3' processing and DNA strand transfer activities that are required to integrate HIV DNA into a host chromosome. The N-, C-terminal and core domains of integrase...
Jenkins, T M, Esposito, D, Engelman, A, Craigie, R
Analysis of the crystal structure of HIV-1 integrase reveals a cluster of lysine residues near the active site. Using site-directed mutagenesis and photo-crosslinking we find that Lys156 and Lys159...
A large nucleoprotein assembly at the ends of the viral DNA mediates retroviral DNA integration.
Wei, S Q, Mizuuchi, K, Craigie, R
We have probed the nucleoprotein organization of Moloney murine leukemia virus (MLV) pre-integration complexes using a novel footprinting technique that utilizes a simplified in vitro phage Mu...
HIV-1 integrase specifically recognizes and cleaves viral end DNA during the initial step of retroviral integration. The protein and DNA determinants of the specificity of viral end DNA binding have...
Cai, M., Huang, Y., Caffrey, M., Zheng, R., Craigie, R., Clore, G. M., ...
The solution structure of His12 --> Cys mutant of the N-terminal zinc binding domain (residues 1-55; IN(1-55)) of HIV-1 integrase complexed to cadmium has been solved by multidimensional...