13C nuclear magnetic resonance study of trehalose mobilization in yeast spores (1982)
Barton, J. K., Den Hollander, J. A., Hopfield, J. J., Shulman, R. G.
Using high-resolution 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, we examined the mobilization of endogenous trehalose in suspensions of yeast asci. Sporulation of yeast cells in [1-13C]acetate resulted in...
Measurement of the Internal pH of Yeast Spores by 31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1980)
Barton, J. K., Den Hollander, J. A., Lee, T. M., MacLaughlin, A., Shulman, R. G.
The asci and single spores of the yeast Pichia pastoris were examined by using 31P NMR. The pH within the spores was determined from the pH-dependent chemical shifts of the internal orthophosphate...
Thermal Unfolding of Yeast Glycine Transfer RNA (1976)
Fresco, R., Webb, P.K., Blake, R.D., Shulman, R.G., Robillard, G.T., Hilbers, C.W., ...
In the present investigations the molecular unfolding of yeast tRNAGly has been studied by a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, melting techniques, and relaxation kinetics. From...
Dirheimer, Guy, Gangloff, Jean, Reid, Brian R., Hilbers, C.W., Robillard, George T., Shulman, R.G.
The 270-MHz spectra of yeast tRNAAsp in H2O solutions containing Mg2+ show clearly resolved resonances in the region from -15 to -9.5 ppm. Resonances between -15 and -11.5 ppm from the...
Tertiary Hydrogen Bonds in the Solution Structure of Transfer RNA (1975)
Hilbers, C.W., Robillard, G., Gould, G., Ribeiro, N.S., Reid, B.R., Shulman, R.G.
The high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of hydrogen-bonded protons in four tRNAs have been studied at 270 MHz. The relative intensity of the resonances between -11 ppm and -15...
High resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance has been used to observe protons at the active site of chymotrypsin Aδ and at the same region of chymotrypsinogen A. A single resonance with the...
The proton nuclear magnetic resonance signal of the His57-Asp102 hydrogen bonded proton in the charge relay system of chymotrypsinogen A and chymotrypsin Aδ has been monitored to determine the...
Robillard, George, Shulman, R.G.
A high resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance study of chymotrypsin Aδ and chymotrypsinogen A in water has shown a single resonance at very low magnetic fields (-18 to -15 p.p.m. relative to...
PARAMAGNETIC SHIFTS IN THE PROTON MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTRA OF HEME PROTEINS (1968)
Author Institution: Biophysics Research Department, Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc.
The molecular structure of isocyanic acid from microwave and infra-red absorption spectra (1950)
Jones, L. H., Shoolery, J. N., Shulman, R. G., Yost, Don M.
Experimental investigations of the infra-red and microwave spectra of the slightly asymmetric rotor, HNCO, have been made, and the structure of the molecule has been determined.
The “glycogen shunt” in exercising muscle: A role for glycogen in muscle energetics and fatigue
Shulman, R. G., Rothman, D. L.
Stimulated by recent 13C and 31P NMR studies of exercising muscle, we propose a model of the energetics of contraction. Previous studies of energetics have followed energy consumption. However, the...
Sibson, N. R., Dhankhar, A., Mason, G. F., Behar, K. L., Rothman, D. L., Shulman, R. G.
The cerebral tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle rate and the rate of glutamine synthesis were measured in rats in vivo under normal physiological and hyperammonemic conditions using 13C NMR spectroscopy....
We recently analyzed experimental studies of mammalian muscle glycogen synthesis using metabolic control analysis and concluded that glycogen synthase (GSase) does not control the glycogenic flux but...
Hyder, F, Chase, J R, Behar, K L, Mason, G F, Siddeek, M, Rothman, D L, ...
NMR spectroscopy was used to test recent proposals that the additional energy required for brain activation is provided through nonoxidative glycolysis. Using localized NMR spectroscopic methods, the...
Price, T B, Perseghin, G, Duleba, A, Chen, W, Chase, J, Rothman, D L, ...
To examine the impact of insulin resistance on the insulin-dependent and insulin-independent portions of muscle glycogen synthesis during recovery from exercise, we studied eight young, lean,...
Activation of single whisker barrel in rat brain localized by functional magnetic resonance imaging.
Yang, X, Hyder, F, Shulman, R G
The previously established cortical representation of rat whiskers in layer IV of the cortex contains distinct cylindrical columns of cellular aggregates, which are termed barrels and correlate in a...
In vivo regulation of muscle glycogen synthase and the control of glycogen synthesis.
Shulman, R G, Bloch, G, Rothman, D L
The activity of glycogen synthase (GSase; EC 2.4.1.11) is regulated by covalent phosphorylation. Because of this regulation, GSase has generally been considered to control the rate of glycogen...
Rothman, D L, Magnusson, I, Cline, G, Gerard, D, Kahn, C R, Shulman, R G, ...
Recent studies have demonstrated that reduced insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis is the major cause of insulin resistance in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)....
McCarthy, G, Blamire, A M, Puce, A, Nobre, A C, Bloch, G, Hyder, F, ...
High-speed magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to detect activation in the human prefrontal cortex induced by a spatial working memory task modeled on those used to elucidate neuronal circuits...
Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy of human brain function.
Shulman, R G, Blamire, A M, Rothman, D L, McCarthy, G
The techniques of in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and spectroscopy have been established over the past two decades. Recent applications of these methods to study human brain function have...
McCarthy, G, Blamire, A M, Rothman, D L, Gruetter, R, Shulman, R G
Nine subjects were studied by high-speed magnetic resonance imaging while performing language-based tasks. Subjects were asked either to repeat or to generate verbs associated with nouns read by an...
Localized 1H NMR measurement of glucose consumption in the human brain during visual stimulation.
Chen, W, Novotny, E J, Zhu, X H, Rothman, D L, Shulman, R G
Spatially localized 1H NMR spectroscopy has been applied to measure changes in brain glucose concentration during 8-Hz photic stimulation. NMR spectroscopic measurements were made in a 12-cm3 volume...
Direct measurement of brain glucose concentrations in humans by 13C NMR spectroscopy.
Gruetter, R, Novotny, E J, Boulware, S D, Rothman, D L, Mason, G F, Shulman, G I, ...
Glucose is the main fuel for energy metabolism in the normal human brain. It is generally assumed that glucose transport into the brain is not rate-limiting for metabolism. Since brain glucose...
1H-[13C] NMR measurements of [4-13C]glutamate turnover in human brain.
Rothman, D L, Novotny, E J, Shulman, G I, Howseman, A M, Petroff, O A, Mason, G, ...
A limitation of previous methods for studying human brain glucose metabolism, such as positron emission tomography, is that metabolic steps beyond glucose uptake cannot be studied. Nuclear magnetic...
Dynamic mapping of the human visual cortex by high-speed magnetic resonance imaging.
Blamire, A M, Ogawa, S, Ugurbil, K, Rothman, D, McCarthy, G, Ellermann, J M, ...
We report the use of high-speed magnetic resonance imaging to follow the changes in image intensity in the human visual cortex during stimulation by a flashing checkerboard stimulus. Measurements...
1H NMR visibility of mammalian glycogen in solution.
Zang, L H, Rothman, D L, Shulman, R G
High-resolution 1H NMR spectra of rabbit liver glycogen in 2H2O were obtained at 500 MHz, and several resonances were assigned by comparison with the chemical shifts of alpha-linked diglucose...
13C nuclear magnetic resonance study of trehalose mobilization in yeast spores.
Barton, J K, Den Hollander, J A, Hopfield, J J, Shulman, R G
Using high-resolution 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, we examined the mobilization of endogenous trehalose in suspensions of yeast asci. Sporulation of yeast cells in [1-13C]acetate resulted in...
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCES OF RECONSTITUTED MYOGLOBINS
Shulman, R. G., Wüthrich, Kurt, Yamane, T., Antonini, Eraldo, Brunori, Maurizio
In proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of paramagnetic heme proteins, the resonances of the heme groups are shifted away from those of the many hundred protons of the polypeptide chains by...
PROTON MAGNETIC RESONANCE STUDIES OF PORPHYRIN IRON (III) CYANIDES*
Wüthrich, K., Shulman, R. G., Wyluda, B. J., Caughey, W. S.
The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra at 220 Mc of cyanodeuteroporphyrin IX dimethyl ester iron (III), cyanoprotoporphyrin IX diethyl ester iron (III), and cyanoprotoporphyrin IX iron (III) in...
Surface coil localization of 31P NMR signals from orthotopic human kidney and liver.
Jue, T, Rothman, D L, Lohman, J A, Hughes, E W, Hanstock, C C, Shulman, R G
By incorporating the hyperbolic secant inversion pulses with the image-selected in vivo spectroscopy localization technique and by applying a gradient-echo imaging method, we have selected only the...
Detection of human muscle glycogen by natural abundance 13C NMR.
Avison, M J, Rothman, D L, Nadel, E, Shulman, R G
Natural abundance 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to detect signals from glycogen in the human gastrocnemius muscle. The reproducibility of the measurement was demonstrated, and...
Spatially localized 1H NMR spectra of metabolites in the human brain.
Hanstock, C C, Rothman, D L, Prichard, J W, Jue, T, Shulman, R G
Using a surface coil, we have obtained 1H NMR spectra from metabolites in the human brain. Localization was achieved by combining depth pulses with image-selected in vivo spectroscopy magnetic field...
Intracellular pH in human skeletal muscle by 1H NMR.
Pan, J W, Hamm, J R, Rothman, D L, Shulman, R G
We report here the in vivo observation of the imidazole protons (C-2 and C-4) of carnosine (beta-Ala-His) by 1H NMR at 4.7 T in human skeletal muscle. The relationship between the pH and chemical...
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Myoglobin in H2O
Patel, Dinshaw J., Kampa, L., Shulman, R. G., Yamane, T., Wyluda, B. J.
Exchangeable hydrogens in proteins can be identified by comparison of nuclear magnetic resonance spectra obtained in H2O and in D2O. In oxymyoglobin and myoglobin we have been able to observe...
Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the active site of carboxypeptidase A.
Shulman, R G, Navon, G, Wyluda, B J, Douglass, D C, Yamane, T
Spin Delocalization in Retinals
Patel, Dinshaw J., Shulman, R. G.
A 220-MHz proton nuclear magnetic resonance study of the binding of Ni(II) and Co(II) acetylacetonates to retinyl-N-methyl Schiff's bases is presented. The study has yielded the magnitude and sign of...
Natural-abundance 13C NMR study of glycogen repletion in human liver and muscle.
Jue, T, Rothman, D L, Tavitian, B A, Shulman, R G
Optimizing the surface-coil design and spectral-acquisition parameters has lead to the observation of the 13C NMR natural abundance glycogen signal in man at 2.1 T. Both the human muscle and hepatic...
Direct observation of glycogen synthesis in human muscle with 13C NMR.
Jue, T, Rothman, D L, Shulman, G I, Tavitian, B A, DeFronzo, R A, Shulman, R G
On the basis of previous indirect measurements, skeletal muscle has been implicated as the major site of glucose uptake and it has been suggested that muscle glycogen formation is the dominant...
David, M, Petit, W A, Laughlin, M R, Shulman, R G, King, J E, Barrett, E J
Using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic methods we examined in vivo the synthesis of liver glycogen during the infusion of D-[1-13C]glucose and the turnover of labeled glycogen during...
Fermi, G, Perutz, M F, Shulman, R G
A comparison is presented of the structures obtained around the iron atom in deoxyhemoglobin (Hb). The data come from extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) studies of the iron, which gave...
On extended x-ray absorption fine structure studies of hemoglobin.
Results of extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) studies of the iron atom in deoxygenated hemoglobin are reviewed. It is shown that the iron-porphinato nitrogen distance has been...
Cohen, S M, Glynn, P, Shulman, R G
Metabolism of [3-13C]alanine in the presence and absence of beta-hydroxybutyrate or ethanol has been followed at 25 degrees C by 13C NMR at 90.5 MHz in primary hepatocytes from untreated rats and...
Gillies, R J, Ugurbil, K, Den Hollander, J A, Shulman, R G
We have analyzed changes in intracellular pH and phosphate metabolism during the cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (NCYC 239) by using high-resolution 31P NMR spectroscopy. High-density yeast...
13C NMR study of transamination during acetate utilization by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Den Hollander, J A, Behar, K L, Shulman, R G
13C NMR was used to follow the metabolism of [2- 13C]acetate and [1- 13C]acetate in aerobic suspensions of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In the experiment with [2- 13C]acetate, the 13C label appeared...
Structure-function relations in hemoglobin as determined by x-ray absorption spectroscopy.
Eisenberger, P, Shulman, R G, Brown, G S, Ogawa, S
Conclusions concerning the structure around the iron atom in oxy- and carbonmonoxyhemoglobin have been obtained by fluorescent x-ray absorption studies. The bis-imidazole heme complex was used as a...
Behar, K L, Rothman, D L, Shulman, R G, Petroff, O A, Prichard, J W
1H NMR was used to monitor lactate production and clearance during hypoxemia and recovery in the rabbit brain at the relatively low magnetic-field strength of 1.89 T. An array of conventional...
Measurement of the internal pH of yeast spores by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance.
Barton, J K, Den Hollander, J A, Lee, T M, MacLaughlin, A, Shulman, R G
The asci and single spores of the yeast Pichia pastoris were examined by using 31P NMR. The pH within the spores was determined from the pH-dependent chemical shifts of the internal orthophosphate...
Cohen, S. M., Ogawa, S., Shulman, R. G.
The gluconeogenic pathway from [2-13C]glycerol and [1,3-13C]glycerol has been followed in suspensions of isolated rat hepatocytes at 25°C by 13C NMR at 90.5 MHz. The flow of label through the major...
Adenine nucleotide storage and secretion in platelets as studied by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance.
Ugurbil, K, Holmsen, H, Shulman, R G
Suspensions of human and pig blood platelets have been studied by 31P NMR at 145.7 MHz and by chemical and radiochemical determination of nucleotide levels. In both types of platelets the cytoplasmic...
High-resolution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance study of cerebral hypoxia in vivo.
Behar, K L, Den Hollander, J A, Stromski, M E, Ogino, T, Shulman, R G, Petroff, O A, ...
1H NMR spectra at 360.13 MHz were obtained of the rat brain in vivo by using a surface coil placed over the skull. Resonances of numerous metabolites were identified by comparison with the 1H NMR...
39K, 23Na, and 31P NMR studies of ion transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Ogino, T, Den Hollander, J A, Shulman, R G
The relationship between efflux and influx of K+, Na+, and intracellular pH (pHin) in yeast cells upon energizing by oxygenation was studied by using the noninvasive technique of 39K, 23Na, and 31P...
Chemical and functional correlates of postischemic renal ATP levels.
Stromski, M E, Cooper, K, Thulin, G, Gaudio, K M, Siegel, N J, Shulman, R G
Renal energy metabolism was investigated before, during, and after ischemic insults of varying durations with in vivo 31P NMR spectroscopy. The postischemic recovery of renal ATP was found to be a...
Robillard, George, Shaw, Elliott, Shulman, R. G.
N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine semicarbazide is hydrolyzed by chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1) to N-acetyl-L-tyrosine and semicarbazide. If a high concentration of semicarbazide is present, the equilibrium for the...
Hilbers, C. W., Shulman, R. G.
The 300 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance peaks from the hydrogen bonded protons in (Escherichia coli) tRNAGlu in Mg++ solutions have been measured at temperatures between 25° and 74°. Between 25°...
High resolution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance studies of intact yeast cells.
Salhany, J M, Yamane, T, Shulman, R G, Ogawa, S
High resolution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra at 145.7 MHZ are presented for intact yeast cells. Several peaks are resolved and assigned. They include the middle phosphate peaks from...
A 1H NMR technique for observing metabolite signals in the spectrum of perfused liver.
Jue, T, Arias-Mendoza, F, Gonnella, N C, Shulman, G I, Shulman, R G
We have developed a 1H NMR technique to selectively edit the spectrum of perfused liver for specific resonances of metabolites that occur in low concentration. The method employs selective DANTE...
Homonuclear 1H double-resonance difference spectroscopy of the rat brain in vivo.
Rothman, D L, Behar, K L, Hetherington, H P, Shulman, R G
We have used 1H homonuclear double-resonance difference spectroscopy at 360.13 MHz to resolve specific metabolite resonances in the brains of intact rats. Metabolite resonances resolved include...
High-resolution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance study of rat liver mitochondria.
Ogawa, S, Rottenberg, H, Brown, T R, Shulman, R G, Castillo, C L, Glynn, P
Intact mitochondria were studied by high-resolution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance. Observable internal phosphate compounds included inorganic phosphate (Pi), ADP, and ATP. The internal pH was...
Ugurbil, K, Rottenberg, H, Glynn, P, Shulman, R G
31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of glycolyzing, anaerobic Escherichia coli cells and their perchloric acid extracts were obtained at 145.7 MHz. Time-dependent intracellular concentrations of...
High-resolution 13C nuclear magnetic resonance studies of glucose metabolism in Escherichia coli.
Ugurbil, K, Brown, T R, Den Hollander, J A, Glynn, P, Shulman, R G
High-resolution 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of suspensions of Escherichia coli cells have been obtained at 90.5 MHz by using the Fourier transform mode. Anaerobic cells incubated with...
31P nuclear magnetic resonance studies of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.
Navon, G, Ogawa, S, Shulman, R G, Yamane, T
High-resolution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra at 145.7 MHz are reported for intact Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and their perchloric acid extracts. In the extracts it was possible to assign...
In vivo carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance studies of heart metabolism.
Neurohr, K J, Barrett, E J, Shulman, R G
Guinea pig heart metabolism was studied in vivo by 13C NMR at 20.18 MHz. High-quality proton-decoupled 13C NMR spectra with excellent signal-to-noise ratios and resolution could be obtained in 6 min....