Scientific Commons: R. Gaynor

Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gene expression is dependent on specific regulatory regions in the long terminal repeat. These regions include the enhancer, SP1, "TATA," and...

The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 transactivator protein Tax colocalizes in unique nuclear structures with NF-kappaB proteins.

Bex, F, McDowall, A, Burny, A, Gaynor, R

The Tax protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a potent activator of viral transcription. Tax also activates the expression of specific cellular genes involved in the control of...

Differential role of long terminal repeat control elements for the regulation of basal and Tat-mediated transcription of the human immunodeficiency virus in stimulated and unstimulated primary human macrophages.

Moses, A V, Ibanez, C, Gaynor, R, Ghazal, P, Nelson, J A

Primary human macrophages induced to differentiate through contact with autologous activated nonadherent cells were used to investigate the transcriptional mechanisms involved in reactivation of...

CREB regulation of cellular cyclic AMP-responsive and adenovirus early promoters.

Muchardt, C, Li, C, Kornuc, M, Gaynor, R

The cyclic AMP (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB) has been demonstrated to be a key mediator of cellular promoter response to cAMP. The binding site for this protein in many cellular cAMP...

Loss of a phosphorylated form of transcription factor CREB/ATF in poliovirus-infected cells.

Kliewer, S, Muchardt, C, Gaynor, R, Dasgupta, A

Host cell RNA synthesis is inhibited by poliovirus infection. We have studied the mechanism of poliovirus-induced inhibition of RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription by using the adenovirus early...

Adenovirus early region 3 promoter regulation by E1A/E1B is independent of alterations in DNA binding and gene activation of CREB/ATF and AP1.

Kornuc, M, Kliewer, S, Garcia, J, Harrich, D, Li, C, Gaynor, R

Transcription of the adenovirus early region 3 promoter is strongly induced by the adenovirus E1A protein. Previous DNase I footprinting has indicated that four regions in this promoter serve as...

Alterations in binding characteristics of the human immunodeficiency virus enhancer factor.

Wu, F, Garcia, J, Mitsuyasu, R, Gaynor, R

Five regions of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) long terminal repeat (LTR) serve as binding sites for cellular proteins as demonstrated by DNase I footprinting. These include the negative...

Role of SP1-binding domains in in vivo transcriptional regulation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat.

Harrich, D, Garcia, J, Wu, F, Mitsuyasu, R, Gonazalez, J, Gaynor, R

Five regions of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) have been shown to be important in the transcriptional regulation of HIV in HeLa cells. These include the...

A discrete cis element in the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat mediates synergistic trans activation by cytomegalovirus immediate-early proteins.

Ghazal, P, Young, J, Giulietti, E, DeMattei, C, Garcia, J, Gaynor, R, ...

The major immediate-early (IE) promoter of human cytomegalovirus directs the expression of several differentially spliced and polyadenylated mRNAs that encode isoformic proteins with apparent...

Multiple transcriptional regulatory domains in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat are involved in basal and E1A/E1B-induced promoter activity.

Kliewer, S, Garcia, J, Pearson, L, Soultanakis, E, Dasgupta, A, Gaynor, R

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 long terminal repeat (LTR) is the site of activation of the HIV tat protein. However, additional transactivators, such as the adenovirus E1A and...

Specific binding of a HeLa cell nuclear protein to RNA sequences in the human immunodeficiency virus transactivating region.

Gaynor, R, Soultanakis, E, Kuwabara, M, Garcia, J, Sigman, D S

The transactivator protein, tat, encoded by the human immunodeficiency virus is a key regulator of viral transcription. Activation by the tat protein requires sequences downstream of the...

Upstream regulatory regions required to stabilize binding to the TATA sequence in an adenovirus early promoter.

Garcia, J, Wu, F, Gaynor, R

Of the five early adenovirus promoters, the early region 3 (E3) promoter is one of the most strongly induced by the E1A protein. To identify cellular proteins involved in both the basal and...

Adenovirus transcriptional regulatory regions are conserved in mammalian cells and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Kornuc, M, Altman, R, Harrich, D, Garcia, J, Chao, J, Kayne, P, ...

The adenovirus early region 3 (E3) promoter is an early viral promoter which is strongly induced by the adenovirus transactivator protein E1A. DNase I footprinting with HeLa cell extracts has...

TAR independent activation of the human immunodeficiency virus in phorbol ester stimulated T lymphocytes.

Harrich, D, Garcia, J, Mitsuyasu, R, Gaynor, R

Multiple regulatory elements in the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat (HIV LTR) are required for activation of HIV gene expression. Previous transfection studies of HIV LTR constructs...

Lymphoid specific gene expression of the adenovirus early region 3 promoter is mediated by NF-kappa B binding motifs.

Williams, J L, Garcia, J, Harrich, D, Pearson, L, Wu, F, Gaynor, R

A primary site of infection by human adenoviruses is lymphoid cells. However, analysis of the viral control elements and the cellular factors that regulate adenoviral gene expression in lymphocytes...

Transcription factor AP-2 activates gene expression of HTLV-I.

Muchardt, C, Seeler, J S, Nirula, A, Gong, S, Gaynor, R

The HTLV-I LTR contains three conserved regulatory elements known as 21 base pair repeats which are required for stimulation of gene expression by the transactivator protein tax. Mutagenesis...

A transdominant tat mutant that inhibits tat-induced gene expression from the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat.

Pearson, L, Garcia, J, Wu, F, Modesti, N, Nelson, J, Gaynor, R