Robert A. Smith

Polymorphisms of the SIPA1gene and sporadic breast cancer susceptibility (2009)

Hsieh, Szu-Min, Smith, Robert A, Lintell, Nicholas A, Hunter, Kent W, Griffiths, Lyn R

Abstract Background The novel breast cancer metastasis modulator gene signal-induced proliferation-associated 1 ( Sipa1 ) underlies the breast cancer metastasis efficiency modifier locus Mtes 1 and...

Factorization solution of Cari\~nena's quantum nonlinear oscillator (2009)

Fellows, Jonathan M, Smith, Robert A

In a recent paper Cari\~nena et al analyzed a non-polynomial one-dimensional quantum potential representing an oscillator which they argued was intermediate between the harmonic and isotonic...

Guidelines for Colonoscopy Surveillance After Polypectomy: A Consensus Update by the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer and the American Cancer Society (2008)

Sidney J. Winawer, Ann G. Zauber, Robert H. Fletcher, Jonathon S. Stillman, Michael J. O’brien, Bernard Levin, ...

Adenomatous polyps are the most common neoplastic findings discovered in people who undergo colorectal screening or who have a diagnostic work-up for symptoms. It was common practice in the 1970s for...

Sharp Superconductor-Insulator Transition in Short Wires (2008)

Meidan, Dganit, Oreg, Yuval, Refael, Gil, Smith, Robert A.

Recent experiments on short MoGe nanowires show a sharp superconductor–insulator transition tuned by the normal state resistance of the wire, with a critical resistance of R_c ≈ R_Q = h/(4e^2)....

Sharp Superconductor-Insulator Transition in Short Wires (2007)

Meidan, Dganit, Oreg, Yuval, Refael, Gil, Smith, Robert A.

Recent experiments on short MoGe nanowires show a sharp superconductor-insulator transition tuned by the normal state resistance of the wire, with a critical resistance of $R_c\approx R_Q= h/(4e^2)$....

The Role of the Steroid Nuclear Receptor Genes in Breast Cancer (2006)

Smith, Robert A

Breast cancer is a great source of morbidity and mortality in the developed world, being the most common cause of cancer death in Australian women and affecting roughly 1 in 10 women. The development...

The Role of the Steroid Nuclear Receptor Genes in Breast Cancer (2006)

Smith, Robert A

Breast cancer is a great source of morbidity and mortality in the developed world, being the most common cause of cancer death in Australian women and affecting roughly 1 in 10 women. The development...

The Role of the Steroid Nuclear Receptor Genes in Breast Cancer (2006)

Smith, Robert A

Breast cancer is a great source of morbidity and mortality in the developed world, being the most common cause of cancer death in Australian women and affecting roughly 1 in 10 women. The development...

The Role of the Steroid Nuclear Receptor Genes in Breast Cancer (2006)

Smith, Robert A

Breast cancer is a great source of morbidity and mortality in the developed world, being the most common cause of cancer death in Australian women and affecting roughly 1 in 10 women. The development...

The Role of the Steroid Nuclear Receptor Genes in Breast Cancer (2006)

Smith, Robert A

Breast cancer is a great source of morbidity and mortality in the developed world, being the most common cause of cancer death in Australian women and affecting roughly 1 in 10 women. The development...

The Role of the Steroid Nuclear Receptor Genes in Breast Cancer (2006)

Smith, Robert A

Breast cancer is a great source of morbidity and mortality in the developed world, being the most common cause of cancer death in Australian women and affecting roughly 1 in 10 women. The development...

The Role of the Steroid Nuclear Receptor Genes in Breast Cancer (2006)

Smith, Robert A

Breast cancer is a great source of morbidity and mortality in the developed world, being the most common cause of cancer death in Australian women and affecting roughly 1 in 10 women. The development...

The Role of the Steroid Nuclear Receptor Genes in Breast Cancer (2006)

Smith, Robert A

Breast cancer is a great source of morbidity and mortality in the developed world, being the most common cause of cancer death in Australian women and affecting roughly 1 in 10 women. The development...

The Role of the Steroid Nuclear Receptor Genes in Breast Cancer (2006)

Smith, Robert A

Breast cancer is a great source of morbidity and mortality in the developed world, being the most common cause of cancer death in Australian women and affecting roughly 1 in 10 women. The development...

Factors Associated with the Presence of Coliforms in the Feed and Water of Feedlot Cattle (2005)

Sanderson, Michael W., Sargeant, Jan M., Renter, David G., Griffin, Dicky Dee, Smith, Robert A.

The objective of this study was to investigate coliform counts in feedlot cattle water and feed rations and their associations with management, climate, fecal material, and water Escherichia coli...

American Cancer Society guidelines for breast cancer screening: update 2003 (2003)

Smith, Robert A., Saslow, Debbie, Sawyer, Kimberly Andrews, Burke, Wylie, Costanza, Mary E., Evans, W. Phil, ...

In 2003, the American Cancer Society updated its guidelines for early detection of breast cancer based on recommendations from a formal review of evidence and a recent workshop. The new screening...

Electron-electron interaction corrections to the thermal conductivity in disordered conductors (2003)

Niven, Douglas R., Smith, Robert A.

We evaluate the electron-electron interaction corrections to the electronic thermal conductivity in a disordered conductor in the diffusive regime. We use a diagrammatic many-body method analogous to...

Expression of glucocorticoid and progesterone nuclear receptor genes in archival breast cancer tissue (2003)

Smith, Robert A, Lea, Rod A, Curran, Joanne E, Weinstein, Stephen R, Griffiths, Lyn R

Background Previous studies in our laboratory have shown associations of specific nuclear receptor gene variants with sporadic breast cancer. In order to investigate these findings further, we...

Expression of glucocorticoid and progesterone nuclear receptor genes in archival breast cancer tissue (2002)

Smith, Robert A, Lea, Rod A, Curran, Joanne E, Weinstein, Stephen R, Griffiths, Lyn R

Abstract Background Previous studies in our laboratory have shown associations of specific nuclear receptor gene variants with sporadic breast cancer. In order to investigate these findings further,...

Absence of singular superconducting fluctuation corrections to thermal conductivity (2002)

Niven, Douglas R, Smith, Robert A

We evaluate the superconducting fluctuation corrections to thermal conductivity in the normal state which diverge as T approaches T_c. We find zero total contribution for one, two and...

ECP Trend Analysis. (2002)

Smith,Robert A., Hensler,Thomas C.

The purpose of this study, was to complete a trend analysis of the impact of Engineering Change Proposals (ECPs) on Weapons Systems Logistic Support for the P-3 aircraft. This objective was...

Free Electron Lasers and Stimulated Scattering from Relativistic Electron Beams. (2002)

Sprangle,P., Smith,Robert A., Granatstein,V. L.

Free electron lasers based on stimulated scattering from relativistic electron beams show potential for a new class of coherent radiation sources ranging from millimeter wavelengths down to optical...

The Non-Linear Theory of Efficiency Enhancement in the Electron Cyclotron Maser. (2002)

Sprangle,P., Smith,Robert A.

We present a nonlinear analysis of the single particle dynamics in an electron cyclotron maser oscillator and show that the efficiency can be dramatically enhanced by appropriately contouring the...

The Theory of Free Electron Lasers. (2002)

Sprangle ,P., Smith,Robert A.

A general analysis is presented of free electron lasers in which a static periodic magnetic pump field is scatterd from a relativistic electron beam. The steady state formulation of the problem is...

Studies of Gyrotron Efficiency Enhancement and Cherenkov Broadband Amplification. (2002)

Smith,Robert A., Dudas,Alan, Vomvoridis,John L.

The non-linear theory was developed for the efficiency enhancement of the electron cyclotron maser, by tapering the external magnetic field. The experimental design aspects have been considered for...

Investigation of glutathione S-transferase zeta and the development of sporadic breast cancer (2001)

Smith, Robert A, Curran, Joanne E, Weinstein, Stephen R, Griffiths, Lyn R

Abstract Background Certain genes from the glutathione S -transferase superfamily have been associated with several cancer types. It was the objective of this study to determine whether alleles of...

Width and Magnetic Field Dependence of Transition Temperature in Ultranarrow Superconducting Wires (2000)

Smith, Robert A, Handy, Beccy S, Ambegaokar, Vinay

We calculate the transition temperature in ultranarrow superconducting wires as a function of wire width, resistance and applied magnetic field. We compare the results of first-order perturbation...

A Consistent Treatment of Strong Coupling in Disordered Superconducting Films (2000)

Steiner, Margit, Smith, Robert A

We develop a consistent treatment of disorder effects in strong coupling superconductors. We use two different approaches, starting either from above or below the transition temperature, and show...

Effect of Magnetic Impurities on Suppression of the Transition Temperature in Disordered Superconductors (2000)

Smith, Robert A, Ambegaokar, Vinay

We calculate the first-order perturbative correction to the transition temperature $T_c$ in a superconductor with both non-magnetic and magnetic impurities. We do this by first evaluating the...

The Upper Critical Field in Disordered Two-Dimensional Superconductors (1999)

Smith, Robert A, Handy, Beccy S, Ambegaokar, Vinay

We present calculations of the upper critical field in superconducting films as a function of increasing disorder (as measured by the normal state resistance per square). In contradiction to previous...

Can the trace formula describe weak localisation? (1999)

Whitney, Robert S., Lerner, Igor V., Smith, Robert A.

We attempt to systematically derive perturbative quantum corrections to the Berry diagonal approximation of the two-level correlation function (TLCF) for chaotic systems. To this end, we develop a...

Supressor of Oscillations in Airframe Cavities. (1999)

Smith, Robert A., Gutmark, Ephraim, Schadow, Klaus C., Wilson, Kenneth J.

The oscillations found to occur in the cavities of an structural frame moving through a fluid are substantially eliminated by the adoption of perturbation elements located at the leading edge of the...

Ultrastructural studies demonstrate that epithelial polarity is established in cultured mouse pre-Sertoli cells by extracellular matrix components (1999)

Mackay, Sarah, Booth, Steven H., MacGowan, Alice, Smith, Robert A.

The effect of three different substrates, laminin, fibronectin and reconstituted basement membrane, on isolated mouse pre-Sertoli cells maintained in vitro has been investigated. Cultures were...

An ultrastructural study of age-related changes in mouse olfactory epithelium (1999)

Rosli, Yanti, Breckenridge, Lorna J., Smith, Robert A.

Transmission and scanning electron microscopic examinations were undertaken to detail changes in the olfactory epithelium (OE) resulting from the ageing process. Samples were prepared from 3%...

AN EXTENSION TO THE MULTICOMMODITY NETWORK FLOW MODEL TO PERMIT SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES. (1998)

Cremeans,John E., Smith,Robert A., Tyndall,Gene R.

In a prior paper (AD-686 782, 'A Model for Optimal Multicommodity Network Flows with Resource Allocation,') a methodology for determining optimal multicommodity flows over a capacitated network with...

Interactions between Brief Flashed Lines at Threshold. (1998)

Smith, Robert A.

Our results are concentrated in seven basic areas: 1) We find that masking is subject to considerable learning effects. Weber's Law is only observed--when proper controls are used--in the relatively...

Impact of Uncertainty and Diagnosticity on Classification of Multidimensional Data with Integral and Separable Displays of System Status. (1998)

Coury, Bruce G., Boulette, Margery D., Smith, Robert A.

Integrative, object-like displays have been advocated for presenting multi-dimensional system data. In this research, two experiments assessed the relative merits of integral and separable displays...

Receptoral and Neural Aliasing. (1998)

Smith, Robert A.

The major thrust of this project has progressed along three different fronts. 1) The laser interferometer has been constructed and a serious attempt has been made to replicate Williams' studies of...

Receptoral and Neural Aliasing. (1998)

Smith, Robert A.

Some difficult technical problems were dealt with in 1990. These fell in two major areas; (1) attempts to replicate Williams' observations of receptoral aliasing, and (2) mapping of the functional...

Receptoral and Neural Aliasing. (1998)

Smith, Robert A.

This project saw some unexpected successes, and some even more unexpected failures. Chief among the latter was our total failure to replicate Williams' observations of receptoral aliasing, either in...

High Efficiency Gyrotron Oscillator and Amplifier. (1998)

Sprangle, Phillip A., Smith, Robert A., Chu, Kwo R., Read, Michael E.

An electron cyclotron maser high-frequency generator/amplifier having a cavity resonator positioned in an axial magnetic field. A spiralling beam of relativistic electrons is injected into the cavity...

Fluid Mixing Device Having a Conical Inlet and a Noncircular Outlet. (1998)

Schadow, Klaus C., Gutmark, Ephraim, Wilson, Kenneth J., Smith, Robert A.

The patent is directed to a fluid mixing device in which a jet of first fluid is passed through a nozzle having a conical inlet section and a noncircular, elongated, exit section. The jet of first...

Combustion Instability Suppression in Regenerative Liquid Propellant Gun. (1998)

Schadow, Klaus C., Gutmark, Ephraim, Wilson, Kenneth J., Smith, Robert A.

A regenerative liquid propellant gun and pertains includes a modified conventional fixed bolt extending into a conventional combustion chamber of the regenerative liquid propellant gun. The modified...

Enhancement of Flow Mixing by a Frequency Tunable Cavity. (1998)

Yu, Kenneth H., Schadow, Klaus C., Smith, Robert A.

A shear layer of a fluid flow has relatively large vortical structures generated by acoustic forcing from oscillations induced in a cavity closely adjacent to the flow so that these structures...

Spectral statistics in disordered metals: a trajectories approach (1998)

Smith, Robert A., Lerner, Igor V., Altshuler, Boris L.

We show that the perturbative expansion of the two-level correlation function, $R(\omega)$, in disordered conductors can be understood semiclassically in terms of self-intersecting particle...

Screening Fundamentals (1997)

Smith, Robert A.

While researchers have established the value of screening for breast cancer with mammography, with and without clinical breast examination, age-specific analyses have led to differing opinions...

Benefit of Screening Mammography in Women Aged 40-49: A New Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (1997)

Hendrick, R. Edward, Smith, Robert A., Rutledge, James H., Smart, Charles R.

Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of screening mammography have been conducted involving women aged 40-49 at entry. Current data are now available from these trials at 10.5 to 18 years of...

Effect of Level Statistics on Superconductivity in Ultrasmall Metallic Grains (1996)

Smith, Robert A., Ambegaokar, Vinay

We examine the destruction of superconducting pairing in metallic grains as their size is decreased for both even and odd numbers of electrons. This occurs when the average level spacing d is of the...

Random Walks through the Ensemble: Linking Spectral Statistics with Wavefunction Correlations in Disordered Metals (1996)

Chalker, J. T., Lerner, Igor V., Smith, Robert A.

We use a random walk in the ensemble of impurity configurations to generate a Brownian motion model for energy levels in disordered conductors. Treating arc-length along the random walk as fictitous...

Fictitious Level Dynamics: A Novel Approach to Spectral Statistics in Disordered Conductors (1996)

Chalker, J. T., Lerner, Igor V., Smith, Robert A.

We establish a new approach to calculating spectral statistics in disordered conductors, by considering how energy levels move in response to changes in the impurity potential. We use this fictitious...

Incidence of Invasive Cervical Cancer Preceded by Negative Screening in High-Risk Alaska Native Women (1994)

DAVIDSON, MICHAEL, BULKOW, LISA R, LANIER, ANNE P, SMITH, ROBERT A, HAWKINS, ILEANA, JENSEN, HENNING, ...

Background Alaska Native women experience higher invasive cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates than US whites despite a long-standing cancer screening programme including recommendations for...

An inherent nonlinearity in near-threshold contrast detection (1984)

Swift, Dan J., Smith, Robert A.

We measured an essentially normal pedestal effect using stationary gaussian targets and slowly moving pedestal gratings. Since these conditions greatly reduce the information provided by the...

Spatial frequency masking and Weber's Law (1983)

Swift, Dan J., Smith, Robert A.

The threshold masking effect of one simultaneously presented grating upon another was studied as a function of mask contrast and frequency. The masking function typically obeys Weber's Law with...

Two-criterion threshold techniques: Evidence for separate spatial and temporal mechanisms? (1983)

Panisn, Steven C., Swift, Dan J., Smith, Robert A.

Contrast thresholds were determined for counterphase flickering and drifting spatial gratings using pattern and flicker/motion criteria. In contrast to previous reports, the two criteria yielded...

Nuclear magnetic resonance shift reagents: Evidence for different mechanisms of contact contributions to 13C shifts induced by nickel and cobalt acetylacetonates with saturated amines and alcohols (1973)

Johns, S. R., Smith, Robert A., Hawkes, Geoffrey E., Roberts, John D.

The pattern of 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shift changes produced by complexation of cobalt and nickel acetylacetonates with amines and alcohols indicates that there is more than one...

A New Point Mutation (P157S) in the Reverse Transcriptase of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Confers Low-Level Resistance to (−)-β-2′,3′-Dideoxy-3′-Thiacytidine

Smith, Robert A., Klarmann, George J., Stray, Kirsten M., Von Schwedler, Uta K., Schinazi, Raymond F., Preston, Bradley D., ...

A P157S mutation in the reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 conferred fivefold resistance to (−)-β-2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine in cell culture. Interestingly,...

Synergism between Bacillus thuringiensis Spores and Toxins against Resistant and Susceptible Diamondback Moths (Plutella xylostella)

Liu, Yong-Biao, Tabashnik, Bruce E., Moar, William J., Smith, Robert A.

We studied the effects of combinations of Bacillus thuringiensis spores and toxins on the mortality of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) larvae in leaf residue bioassays. Spores of B....

A Novel Point Mutation at Position 156 of Reverse Transcriptase from Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Confers Resistance to the Combination of (−)-β-2′,3′-Dideoxy-3′-Thiacytidine and 3′-Azido-3′-Deoxythymidine

Smith, Robert A., Remington, Kathryn M., Preston, Bradley D., Schinazi, Raymond F., North, Thomas W.

Mutants of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) resistant to (−)-β-2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine (3TC) were selected by culturing virus in the presence of increasing stepwise concentrations...

The Phylloplane as a Source of Bacillus thuringiensis Variants

Smith, Robert A., Couche, Graham A.

Novel variants of Bacillus thuringiensis were isolated from the phylloplane of deciduous and conifer trees as well as of other plants. These isolates displayed a range of toxicity towards...

Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 in Cattle Feeds in Midwestern Feedlots

Dodd, Charles C., Sanderson, Michael W., Sargeant, Jan M., Nagaraja, T. G., Oberst, Richard D., Smith, Robert A., ...

Comparisons of enrichment methods (with or without antibiotics and with or without a preenrichment step) using gram-negative (GN) broth or tryptic soy broth (TSB) were conducted with feeds inoculated...

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Quantitative Detection of Bacillus thuringiensis Crystal Protein

Smith, Robert A., Ulrich, J. Terry

Accurate measurement of the toxic protein crystal produced during deep-tank fermentation of Bacillus thuringiensis is critical for optimum process yield. The currently accepted method is a bioassay...

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Shift Reagents: Evidence for Different Mechanisms of Contact Contributions to 13C Shifts Induced by Nickel and Cobalt Acetylacetonates with Saturated Amines and Alcohols

Johns, S. R., Smith, Robert A., Hawkes, Geoffrey E., Roberts, John D.

The pattern of 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shift changes produced by complexation of cobalt and nickel acetylacetonates with amines and alcohols indicates that there is more than one...

Factors Associated with the Presence of Coliforms in the Feed and Water of Feedlot Cattle

Sanderson, Michael W., Sargeant, Jan M., Renter, David G., Griffin, D. Dee, Smith, Robert A.

The objective of this study was to investigate coliform counts in feedlot cattle water and feed rations and their associations with management, climate, fecal material, and water Escherichia coli...

Disparity processing of spatial frequencies in man

Felton, Thomas B., Richards, Whitman, Smith, Robert A.

1. Adaptation to a high-contrast sine-wave grating has been shown previously by Blakemore & Campbell (1969) to raise the modulation required to detect a low-contrast grating that has the same or...

Studies of temporal frequency adaptation in visual contrast sensitivity

Smith, Robert A.

1. A short adaptation to sinusoidal flicker produces a temporary elevation in the temporal contrast threshold of a human observer.

Luminance-dependent changes in mesopic visual contrast sensitivity

Smith, Robert A.

Spatial and temporal modulation transfer functions have been measured as a function of luminance at scotopic and mesopic levels. It is found that throughout the scotopic range the data can be...

Hypersusceptibility to Substrate Analogs Conferred by Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase

Smith, Robert A., Anderson, Donovan J., Preston, Bradley D.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) contains four structural motifs (A, B, C, and D) that are conserved in polymerases from diverse organisms. Motif B interacts...

A New Point Mutation (P157S) in the Reverse Transcriptase of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Confers Low-Level Resistance to (−)-β-2′,3′-Dideoxy-3′-Thiacytidine

Smith, Robert A., Klarmann, George J., Stray, Kirsten M., Von Schwedler, Uta K., Schinazi, Raymond F., Preston, Bradley D., ...

A P157S mutation in the reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 conferred fivefold resistance to (−)-β-2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine in cell culture. Interestingly,...

Synergism between Bacillus thuringiensis Spores and Toxins against Resistant and Susceptible Diamondback Moths (Plutella xylostella)

Liu, Yong-Biao, Tabashnik, Bruce E., Moar, William J., Smith, Robert A.

We studied the effects of combinations of Bacillus thuringiensis spores and toxins on the mortality of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) larvae in leaf residue bioassays. Spores of B....

A Novel Point Mutation at Position 156 of Reverse Transcriptase from Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Confers Resistance to the Combination of (−)-β-2′,3′-Dideoxy-3′-Thiacytidine and 3′-Azido-3′-Deoxythymidine

Smith, Robert A., Remington, Kathryn M., Preston, Bradley D., Schinazi, Raymond F., North, Thomas W.

Mutants of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) resistant to (−)-β-2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine (3TC) were selected by culturing virus in the presence of increasing stepwise concentrations...

The Phylloplane as a Source of Bacillus thuringiensis Variants

Smith, Robert A., Couche, Graham A.

Novel variants of Bacillus thuringiensis were isolated from the phylloplane of deciduous and conifer trees as well as of other plants. These isolates displayed a range of toxicity towards...

Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 in Cattle Feeds in Midwestern Feedlots

Dodd, Charles C., Sanderson, Michael W., Sargeant, Jan M., Nagaraja, T. G., Oberst, Richard D., Smith, Robert A., ...

Comparisons of enrichment methods (with or without antibiotics and with or without a preenrichment step) using gram-negative (GN) broth or tryptic soy broth (TSB) were conducted with feeds inoculated...

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Quantitative Detection of Bacillus thuringiensis Crystal Protein

Smith, Robert A., Ulrich, J. Terry

Accurate measurement of the toxic protein crystal produced during deep-tank fermentation of Bacillus thuringiensis is critical for optimum process yield. The currently accepted method is a bioassay...

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Shift Reagents: Evidence for Different Mechanisms of Contact Contributions to 13C Shifts Induced by Nickel and Cobalt Acetylacetonates with Saturated Amines and Alcohols

Johns, S. R., Smith, Robert A., Hawkes, Geoffrey E., Roberts, John D.

The pattern of 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shift changes produced by complexation of cobalt and nickel acetylacetonates with amines and alcohols indicates that there is more than one...

Factors Associated with the Presence of Coliforms in the Feed and Water of Feedlot Cattle

Sanderson, Michael W., Sargeant, Jan M., Renter, David G., Griffin, D. Dee, Smith, Robert A.

The objective of this study was to investigate coliform counts in feedlot cattle water and feed rations and their associations with management, climate, fecal material, and water Escherichia coli...

Disparity processing of spatial frequencies in man

Felton, Thomas B., Richards, Whitman, Smith, Robert A.

1. Adaptation to a high-contrast sine-wave grating has been shown previously by Blakemore & Campbell (1969) to raise the modulation required to detect a low-contrast grating that has the same or...

Studies of temporal frequency adaptation in visual contrast sensitivity

Smith, Robert A.

1. A short adaptation to sinusoidal flicker produces a temporary elevation in the temporal contrast threshold of a human observer.

Luminance-dependent changes in mesopic visual contrast sensitivity

Smith, Robert A.

Spatial and temporal modulation transfer functions have been measured as a function of luminance at scotopic and mesopic levels. It is found that throughout the scotopic range the data can be...

Hypersusceptibility to Substrate Analogs Conferred by Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase

Smith, Robert A., Anderson, Donovan J., Preston, Bradley D.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) contains four structural motifs (A, B, C, and D) that are conserved in polymerases from diverse organisms. Motif B interacts...

Effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor on isolated developing mouse Sertoli cells in vitro

Wu, Zhenyu, Templeman, Jenny L, Smith, Robert A, Mackay, Sarah

Cell proliferation is a key factor in sex determination where a size increase relative to the XX gonad is one of the first signs of testis differentiation. Moreover, proliferation of Sertoli cells...

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Types 1 and 2 Exhibit Comparable Sensitivities to Zidovudine and Other Nucleoside Analog Inhibitors In Vitro▿

Smith, Robert A., Gottlieb, Geoffrey S., Anderson, Donovan J., Pyrak, Crystal L., Preston, Bradley D.

Using an indicator cell assay that directly quantifies viral replication, we show that human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2, respectively) exhibit similar sensitivities to...

American cancer society guidelines for the early detection of cancer, 2006

Smith, Robert A.

Each January, the American Cancer Society (ACS) publishes a summary of its recommendations for early cancer detection, including guideline updates, emerging issues that are relevant to screening for...

Investigation of the NOTCH3 and TNFSF7 Genes on C19p13 as Candidates for Migraine

Smith, Robert A, Curtain, Robert, Ovcaric, Mick, Tajouri, Lotti, MacMillan, John, Griffiths, Lyn

To investigate the migraine locus around the C19p13 region through analysis of the NOTCH3 gene (C19p13.2-p13.1), previously shown to be a gene involved in CADASIL and the TNFSF7 gene (C19p13),...