A GEOMETRIC ZERO-ONE LAW (2009)
Robert H. Gilman, Yuri Gurevich, Alexei Miasnikov
Abstract. Each relational structure X has an associated Gaifman graph, which endows X with the properties of a graph. If x is an element of X, let Bn(x) be the ball of radius n around x. Suppose that...
Miranda, J Jaime, Gilman, Robert H, García, Héctor H, Smeeth, Liam
Abstract Background Mass-migration observed in Peru from the 1970s occurred because of the need to escape from politically motivated violence and work related reasons. The majority of the migrant...
Upper-Room Ultraviolet Light and Negative Air Ionization to Prevent Tuberculosis Transmission (2009)
A. Roderick Escombe, Robert H. Gilman, Marcos Navincopa, Eduardo Ticona, Bailey Mitchell, ...
BackgroundInstitutional tuberculosis (TB) transmission is an important public health problem highlighted by the HIV/AIDS pandemic and the emergence of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant TB....
Sexual behavior and drug consumption among young adults in a shantytown in Lima, Peru (2009)
Gálvez-Buccollini, Juan A, DeLea, Suzanne, Herrera, Phabiola M, Gilman, Robert H, Paz-Soldan, Valerie
Abstract Background Risky sexual behaviors of young adults have received increasing attention during the last decades. However, few studies have focused on the sexual behavior of young adults in...
Urine Antigen Detection for the Diagnosis of Human Neurocysticercosis (2009)
Castillo, Yesenia, Rodriguez, Silvia, Garcia, Hector H, Brandt, Jef, Van Hul, Alike, Silva, Maria, ...
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a major cause of seizures and epilepsy. Diagnosis is based on brain imaging, supported by immunodiagnosis in serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Lumbar puncture is...
The Infectiousness of Tuberculosis Patients Coinfected with HIV (2008)
A. Roderick Escombe, Robert H. Gilman, William Pan, Marcos Navincopa, Eduardo Ticona, ...
BackgroundThe current understanding of airborne tuberculosis (TB) transmission is based on classic 1950s studies in which guinea pigs were exposed to air from a tuberculosis ward. Recently we...
THE GEOMETRY OF CYCLES IN THE CAYLEY DIAGRAM OF A GROUP (2008)
Abstract. A study of triangulations of cycles in the Cayley diagrams of finitely generated groups leads to a new geometric characterization of hyperbolic groups. 1.
5. Rational Relations 9 (2008)
Abstract. This article is an introduction to formal languages from the point of view of combinatorial group theory.
Hypertension among adults in a deprived urban area of Peru – Undiagnosed and uncontrolled? (2008)
Davies, Alisha R, Miranda, J Jaime, Gilman, Robert H, Smeeth, Liam
Abstract Background In Peru, cardiovascular disease was the second most common cause of death in those aged 65 years or more in 2000. Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular...
A characterisation of virtually free groups (2008)
Robert H. Gilman, Susan Hermiller, Derek F. Holt, Sarah Rees
Abstract. We prove that a finitely generated group G is virtually free if and only if there exists a generating set for G and k> 0 such that all k-locally geodesic words with respect to that...
Hollm-Delgado, Maria-Graciela, Gilman, Robert H., Bern, Caryn, Cabrera, Lilia, Sterling, Charles R., Black, Robert E., ...
Giardia intestinalis is a common gastrointestinal protozoan worldwide, but its effects on childhood growth in developing countries are not clearly understood. The authors aimed to describe its...
Combings for nilpotent and polycyclic groups (2007)
The notable exclusions from the family of automatic groups are those nilpotent groups which are not virtually abelian, and the fundamental groups of compact 3-manifolds based on the N il or Sol...
On the definition of word hyperbolic groups (2007)
Abstract. Formal languages based on multiplication tables of finitely generated groups are investigated and used to give a linguistic characterization of word hyperbolic groups. 1.
Mirko J. Zimic, Jesús Infantes, César López, Jeanette Velásquez, Marilú Farfán, Mónica Pajuelo, ...
We compared the peptidase activities of the excretory/secretory (E/S) antigens of oncospheres of Taenia solium and related, but nonpathogenic, Taenia saginata. Taenia solium and T. saginata...
A Geometric Zero-One Law (2007)
Gilman, Robert H., Gurevich, Yuri, Miasnikov, Alexei
Each relational structure X has an associated Gaifman graph, which endows X with the properties of a graph. Suppose that X is infinite, connected and of bounded degree. A first-order sentence in the...
Prevention and control of cystic echinococcosis (2007)
Lorca, Myriam, Craig, Philip S., McManus, Donald P., Lightowlers, Marshall W., Chabalgoity, Jose A., Garcia, Hector H., ...
Human cystic echinococcosis (hydatid disease) continues to be a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in many parts of the world. Elimination is diffi cult to obtain and it is estimated that,...
Natural Ventilation for Prevention of Airborne Contagion: Authors' Reply (2007)
Adrian Roderick Escombe, Jon S. Friedland, Carlton A. Evans, Robert H. Gilman
Natural Ventilation for the Prevention of Airborne Contagion (2007)
A. Roderick Escombe, Clarissa C. Oeser, Robert H. Gilman, Marcos Navincopa, Eduardo Ticona, William Pan, ...
BackgroundInstitutional transmission of airborne infections such as tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health problem, especially in resource-limited settings where protective measures such as...
Ganoza, Christian A, Matthias, Michael A, Collins-Richards, Devon, Brouwer, Kimberly C, Cunningham, Calaveras B, Segura, Eddy R, ...
Background Although previous data indicate that the overall incidence of human leptospirosis in the Peruvian Amazon is similar in urban and rural sites, severe leptospirosis has been observed only in...
Christian A. Ganoza, Michael A. Matthias, Devon Collins-Richards, Kimberly C. Brouwer, Calaveras B. Cunningham, Eddy R. Segura, ...
BackgroundAlthough previous data indicate that the overall incidence of human leptospirosis in the Peruvian Amazon is similar in urban and rural sites, severe leptospirosis has been observed only in...
Understandings of reproductive tract infections in a peri-urban pueblo joven in Lima, Peru (2006)
Hernández, Lisa, Winch, Peter J, Parker, Kea, Gilman, Robert H
Abstract Background Control programs for Reproductive Tract Infections (RTIs) typically focus on increasing awareness of risks associated with different forms of sexual contact, and pay little...
Chow, Felicia, Espiritu, Nora, Gilman, Robert H, Gutierrez, Rosmery, Lopez, Sonia, Escombe, A Roderick, ...
Abstract Background Recent data demonstrate the utility of the string test for the diagnosis of sputum-scarce HIV-associated TB in adults. We hypothesized that, if well-tolerated by children, this...
Matthias, Michael A, DÃaz, M Mónica, Campos, Kalina J, Calderon, Maritza, Willig, Michael R, Pacheco, Victor, ...
The role of bats as potential sources of transmission to humans or as maintenance hosts of leptospires is poorly understood. We quantified the prevalence of leptospiral colonization in bats in the...
Min Z. Levine, Patricia P. Wilkins, William S. Lane, John M. Asara, Kathy Hancock, ...
Adult and larval stages of Taenia solium cause 2 diseases in humans, i.e., taeniasis and cysticercosis, respectively. Diagnosis and treatment of taeniasis are the ultimate means to eliminate...
Functional Adaptation of BabA, the H. pylori ABO Blood Group Antigen Binding Adhesin (2004)
Aspholm-Hurtig, Marina, Dailide, Giedrius, Lahmann, Martina, Kalia, Awdhesh, Ilver, Dag, Roche, Niamh, ...
Adherence by Helicobacter pylori increases the risk of gastric disease. Here, we report that more than 95% of strains that bind fucosylated blood group antigen bind A, B, and O antigens...
AmpliBASE MTTM: a Mycobacterium tuberculosis diversity knowledgebase (2004)
Majeed, Ahmed A., Ahmed, Niyaz, Rao, K. Rajender, Ghousunnissa, S., Kausar, Farhana, Bose, Buddhaditta, ...
Summary: AmpliBASE MTTM is an online databank of high-resolution DNA fingerprints representing fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (FAFLP) profiles or amplitypes developed for the M....
AmpliBASE MTTM: a Mycobacterium tuberculosis diversity knowledgebase (2004)
Majeed, Ahmed A., Ahmed, Niyaz, Rao, K. Rajender, Ghousunnissa, S., Kauser, Farhana, Bose, Buddhaditta, ...
Summary: AmpliBASE MT™ is an online databank of high-resolution DNA fingerprints representing fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (FAFLP) profiles or amplitypes developed for the...
AmpliBASE MTTM: a Mycobacterium tuberculosis diversity knowledgebase (2004)
Majeed, Ahmed A., Ahmed, Niyaz, Rao, K. Rajender, Ghousunnissa, S., Kausar, Farhana, Bose, Buddhaditta, ...
Summary: AmpliBASE MTTM is an online databank of high-resolution DNA fingerprints representing fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (FAFLP) profiles or amplitypes developed for the M....
Cryptosporidium Species and Genotypes in HIV-Positive Patients in Lima, Peru (2003)
VITALIANO A. CAMA, CARYN BERN, I.M. SULAIMAN, ROBERT H. GILMAN, EDUARDO TICONA, ALDO VIVAR, ...
Cryptosporidium parasites from a cross-sectional study conducted in two national hospitals in Lima, Peru were genetically characterized to determine the diversity of Cryptosporidium spp. in...
Automatic Quotients of Free Groups (2003)
Automatic groups admitting prefix closed automatic structures with uniqueness are characterized as the quotients of free groups by normal subgroups possessing sets of free generators satisfying...
Effects of Acute Diarrhea on Linear Growth in Peruvian Children (2003)
Checkley, William, Epstein, Leonardo D., Gilman, Robert H., Cabrera, Lilia, Black, Robert E.
Linear growth retardation during childhood is a determinant of short stature and impaired capacities in adults of developing countries. To study the effect of diarrhea on height during childhood, the...
Word Hyperbolic Semigroups (2002)
Duncan, Andrew, Gilman, Robert H.
The study of word hyperbolic groups is a prominent topic in geometric group theory; however word hyperbolic groups are defined by a geometric condition which does not extend naturally to semigroups....
On the Definition of Word Hyperbolic Groups (2000)
Formal languages based on the multiplication tables of finitely generated groups are investigated and used to give a linguistic characterization of word hyperbolic groups.
Differences in genotypes of Helicobacter pylori from different human populations. (2000)
Kersulyte, Dangeruta, Mukhopadhyay, Asish K., Velapati O, Billie, Su, WanWen, Pan, ZhiJun, Garcia, Claudia, ...
DNA motifs at several informative loci in more than 500 strains of Helicobacter pylori from five continents were studied by PCR and sequencing to gain insights into the evolution of this gastric...
Combing nilpotent and polycyclic groups (1999)
Gilman, Robert H., Holt, Derek F., Rees, Sarah
A combing is a set of normal forms for a finitely generated group. This article investigates the language-theoretic and geometric properties of combings for nilpotent and polycyclic groups. It is...
Checkley, William, Epstein, Leonardo D., Gilman, Robert H., Black, Robert E., Cabrera, Lilia, Sterling, Charles R.
The authors conducted a 2–year (1989–1991) community-based longitudinal study in a shantytown in Lima, Peru, to examine the effect of Cryptosporidium parvum infection on child growth during the...
Hyperendemic Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Peruvian Shantytown (1998)
Sanghavi, Darshak M., Gilman, Robert H., Lescano-Guevara, Andrés G., Checkley, William, Cabrera, Lilla Z., Cardenas, Vicky
Estimates of the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in developing countries are based on case reporting from local health laboratories or the annual risk of tuberculin skin test conversion. Because...
Gastric acid secretion and enteric infection in Bangladesh (1997)
Evans, Carlton A. W., Gilman, Robert H., Rabbani, G.H., Salazar, Guillermo, Ali, Akbar
In developing countries many enteric infections are caused by acid-sensitive pathogens. Failure of the gastric acid barrier to infection has been reported in cholera but gastric acid secretion has...
Checkley, William, Gilman, Robert H., Epstein, Leonardo D., Suarez, Manuel, Diaz, J. Fernando, Cabrera, Lilia, ...
This study investigated whether a child's first infection with Cryptosporidium parvum had an acute effect on weight gain. Specifically, the authors compared monthly rates of weight gain between C....
Formal language theory and the geometry of 3-manifolds (1996)
Martin R. Bridson, Robert H. Gilman
Abstract. Automatic groups were introduced in connection with geometric problems, in particular with the study of fundamental groups of 3-manifolds. In this article the class of automatic groups is...
A shrinking lemma for indexed languages (1996)
Abstract. This article presents a lemma in the spirit of the pumping lemma for indexed languages but easier to employ. Section 1. Introduction. The pumping lemma for context-free languages has been...
Automatic groups and string rewriting, H (1995)
In recent years developments in geometric topology have led to a remarkable interplay between group theory, geometry, and the theory of automata and formal languages. One of the best known result of...
Montenegro,Teresa, Gilman,Robert H., Castillo,Rosa, Tsang,Victor, Brandt,Joy, Guevara,Angela, ...
Sera from patients infected with Taenia solium, Hymenolepis nana and Echinococcus granulosus were tested against homologous and heterologous parasite antigens using an ELISA assay, and a high degree...
The Geometry of Cycles in the Cayley Diagram of a Group (1993)
A study of triangulations of cycles in the Cayley diagrams of finitely generated groups leads to a new geometric characterization of hyperbolic groups.
A remark about combings of groups (1993)
Martin R. Bridson, Robert H. Gilman
In the last several years a remarkable interplay between geometry, group theory, and the theory of formal languages has led to developments including the introduction of automatic groups [Ep+],...
Gilman, Robert H., Partanen, Raija, Brown, Kenneth H., Spira, William M., Khanam, Sultana, Greenberg, Barbara, ...
To assess the effect of malnutrition on gastric acidity and gastric bacterial colonization, we studied 35 severely malnourished Bangladeshi children before (0 wk) and after (3 wk) they received...
Epidemiology and serology of Giardia lamblia in a developing country : Bangladesh (1985)
Gilman, Robert H., Brown, Kenneth H., Visvesvara, Govinda S., Mondal, Gabriel, Greenberg, Barbara, Sack, R. Bradley, ...
The age-specific prevalence of Giardia lamblia was determined in two Bangladeshi villages and malnourished children in hospital in Dhaka City. Age-specific acquisition rates, the duration of...
Finite groups with standard components of Lie type over fields of characteristic two (1983)
Peer Reviewed
Gilman, Robert H., Brown, Kenneth H., Gilman, J.B., Gaffar, A., Alamgir, S.M., ...
Oral pharyngeal isolation of Gram-negative bacteria was compared in four groups of Bengali children; acutely ill, severely malnourished outpatients swabbed on hospital admission; ill but less...
Brown, Kenneth H., Gilman, Robert H., Khatun, M. D. Makhduma, Ahmed, Md. Giashuddin
The apparent absorption of nitrogen (N), fat, and total energy from a rice and vegetable diet was measured in 13 children of similar nutritional status but infected with varying loads of Ascaris...
Seroepidemiology of rotavirus infection in rural Bangladesh (1980)
Sack, David A., Gilman, Robert H., Kapikian, A.Z., Aziz, K.M.S.
A prospective seroepidemiological study of rotavirus infection was performed in children in a village in rural Bangladesh. Ninety-three percent of the children had detectable antibodies during the...
Prevalence of antibody to the Norwalk virus in various countries (1979)
Greenberg, Harry B., Valdesuso, Jose, Kapikian, Albert Z., Chanock, Robert M., Wyatt, Richard G., Szmuness, Wyatt Wolf, ...
Serum samples from children and adults from several countries were tested by radioimmunoassay for antibody to the Norwalk virus. Antibody was commonly found in adults from all the countries tested....
Koster, Frederick, Levin, Jack, Walker, Lesley, Tung, Kenneth S. K., Gilman, Robert H., Rahaman, M. Mujibur, ...
To investigate three possible causes of the acute hemolysis in the hemolytic-uremic syndrome, we studied prospectively 207 children and 34 adults with shigellosis in Bangladesh. Nineteen children...
Caviedes, Luz, Lee, Tien-Shun, Gilman, Robert H., Sheen, Patricia, Spellman, Emily, Lee, Ellen H., ...
Inexpensive, rapid, and reliable methods of detecting infection by and drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) are crucial to the control of tuberculosis. The novel microscopic...
Intervening Transcribed Spacer Region 1 Variability in Cyclospora cayetanensis
Adam, Rodney D., Ortega, Ynes R., Gilman, Robert H., Sterling, Charles R.
Cyclospora cayetanensis is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite which has emerged as an important cause of epidemic and endemic diarrhea. Water-borne as well as food-borne outbreaks have occurred,...
18S Ribosomal DNA-Based PCR for Diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis
Mayta, Holger, Gilman, Robert H., Calderon, Maritza M., Gottlieb, Aren, Soto, Giselle, Tuero, Iskra, ...
Trichomonas vaginalis remains the most common sexually transmitted parasite in the world and is considered a major risk factor in the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus. A PCR technique...
Oxfendazole Treatment of Sheep with Naturally Acquired Hydatid Disease
Dueger, Erica L., Moro, Pedro L., Gilman, Robert H.
A blinded, randomized placebo-controlled trial assessed the efficacy and safety of oxfendazole for the treatment of ovine hydatid disease. Cyst fertility and parasite viability were measured...
Differences in Genotypes of Helicobacter pylori from Different Human Populations
Kersulyte, Dangeruta, Mukhopadhyay, Asish K., Velapatiño, Billie, Su, WanWen, Pan, ZhiJun, Garcia, Claudia, ...
DNA motifs at several informative loci in more than 500 strains of Helicobacter pylori from five continents were studied by PCR and sequencing to gain insights into the evolution of this gastric...
Jeong, Jin-Yong, Mukhopadhyay, Asish K., Dailidiene, Daiva, Wang, Yipeng, Velapatiño, Billie, Gilman, Robert H., ...
Helicobacter pylori is a human-pathogenic bacterial species that is subdivided geographically, with different genotypes predominating in different parts of the world. Here we test and extend an...
Sonicated Diagnostic Immunoblot for Bartonellosis
Mallqui, Vania, Speelmon, Emily C., Verástegui, Manuela, Maguiña-Vargas, Ciro, Pinell-Salles, Paula, Lavarello, Rosa, ...
Two simple Bartonella bacilliformis immunoblot preparation methods were developed. Antigen was prepared by two different methods: sonication of whole organisms or glycine extraction. Both methods...
Posttreatment Follow-Up of Helicobacter pylori Infection Using a Stool Antigen Immunoassay
Roth, Daniel E., Taylor, David N., Gilman, Robert H., Meza, Rina, Katz, Uriel, Bautista, Christian, ...
The Helicobacter pylori stool antigen enzyme immunoassay (HpSA) was evaluated during posttreatment follow-up of patients in a country with a very high prevalence of H. pylori infection. From among...
Franzblau, Scott G., Witzig, Richard S., McLaughlin, James C., Torres, Patricia, Madico, Guillermo, Hernandez, Antonio, ...
A colorimetric, microplate-based Alamar Blue assay (MABA) method was used to determine the MICs of isoniazid (INH), rifampin, streptomycin (SM), and ethambutol (EMB) for 34 Peruvian Mycobacterium...
Valdez, Yanet, Velapatiño, Billie, Gilman, Robert H., Gutierrez, Vilma, León, Carlos
Metronidazole and tetracycline E tests were compared to an agar dilution method for the antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Helicobacter pylori. Sixteen strains were tested by using tetrazolium...
Detection of Cyclospora cayetanensis in Wastewater
Sturbaum, Gregory D., Ortega, Ynes R., Gilman, Robert H., Sterling, Charles R., Cabrera, Lilia, Klein, Donald A.
Cyclospora cayetanensis causes diarrheal disease worldwide without a confirmed mode of transmission. Wastewater was examined for the presence of this organism. Oocysts were detected microscopically,...
Elevated Concentrations of Eotaxin and Interleukin-5 in Human Neurocysticercosis
Evans, Carlton A. W., Garcia, Hector H., Hartnell, Adele, Gilman, Robert H., Jose, Peter J., Martinez, Manuel, ...
Symptomatic neurocysticercosis, a major cause of epilepsy worldwide, results from inflammation around Taenia solium larvae, but the mechanisms are unknown. Eotaxin, not previously reported in cases...
Current Consensus Guidelines for Treatment of Neurocysticercosis
García, Hector H., Evans, Carlton A. W., Nash, Theodore E., Takayanagui, Osvaldo M., White, A. Clinton, Botero, David, ...
Taenia solium neurocysticercosis is a common cause of epileptic seizures and other neurological morbidity in most developing countries. It is also an increasingly common diagnosis in industrialized...
Cullotta, Anna R., Kalter, H. D., Delgado, Jose, Gilman, Robert H., Facklam, Richard R., Velapatino, Billie, ...
Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were obtained from nasopharyngeal swabs taken from children living in a low socioeconomic area of Lima, Peru, to determine the rates of antimicrobial resistance and...
Caviedes, Luz, Delgado, Jose, Gilman, Robert H.
The emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis underscores the need for low-cost, rapid methods to determine the susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antibiotics. A new, rapid, easily...
Kersulyte, Dangeruta, Velapatiño, Billie, Dailide, Giedrius, Mukhopadhyay, Asish K., Ito, Yoshiyuki, Cahuayme, Lizbeth, ...
A new member of the IS605 transposable element family, designated ISHp608, was found by subtractive hybridization in Helicobacter pylori. Like the three other insertion sequences (ISs) known in this...
Ahmed, Niyaz, Caviedes, Luz, Alam, Mahfooz, Rao, K. Rajender, Sangal, Vartul, Sheen, Patricia, ...
Genotypic analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates obtained from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive (n = 80) and -seronegative (n = 25) patients from Lima, Peru, revealed...
Joseph, Priya, Calderón, Maritza M., Gilman, Robert H., Quispe, Monica L., Cok, Jaime, Ticona, Eduardo, ...
Toxoplasma gondii is a common life-threatening opportunistic infection. We used experimental murine T. gondii infection to optimize the PCR for diagnostic use, define its sensitivity, and...
Cluster of Type IV Secretion Genes in Helicobacter pylori's Plasticity Zone
Kersulyte, Dangeruta, Velapatiño, Billie, Mukhopadhyay, Asish K., Cahuayme, Lizbeth, Bussalleu, Alejandro, Combe, Juan, ...
Some genes present in only certain strains of the genetically diverse gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori may affect its phenotype and/or evolutionary potential. Here we describe a new 16.3-kb...
Mayta, Holger, Gilman, Robert H., Arenas, Fanny, Valencia, Teresa, Caviedes, Luz, Montenegro, Sonia H., ...
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is an increasing health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries. The PCR-UHG-Rif assay, which detects mutations within the rpoB gene associated with...
Plasma Kallikrein Activation and Inhibition during Typhoid Fever
Colman, Robert W., Edelman, Robert, Scott, Cheryl F., Gilman, Robert H.
As an ancillary part of a typhoid fever vaccine study, 10 healthy adult male volunteers (nonimmunized controls) were serially bled 6 days before to 30 days after ingesting 105 Salmonella typhi...
Ahmed, Niyaz, Alam, Mahfooz, Rao, K. Rajender, Kauser, Farhana, Kumar, N. Ashok, Qazi, Nazia N., ...
Tuberculosis continues to be a major killer disease, despite an all-out effort launched against it in the postgenomic era. We describe here the population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis...
Kucerova, Zuzana, Moura, Hercules, Leitch, Gordon J., Sriram, Rama, Bern, Caryn, Kawai, Vivian, ...
A three-step method for the purification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi spores from stool specimens was developed. The primary process of purification of the spores from bacterial contaminants involved...
Moore, David A. J., Mendoza, Daniel, Gilman, Robert H, Evans, Carlton A. W., Delgado, María-Graciela Hollm, Guerra, Jose, ...
There is an urgent need for new tools to improve our ability to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in resource-poor settings. In a retrospective analysis undertaken in a...
Priest, Jeffrey W., Bern, Caryn, Roberts, Jacquelin M., Kwon, James P., Lescano, Andres G., Checkley, William, ...
In a retrospective analysis, we assessed the usefulness of two serologic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays as epidemiologic tools for the detection of cryptosporidiosis episodes in children from a...
Priest, Jeffrey W., Bern, Caryn, Xiao, Lihua, Roberts, Jacquelin M., Kwon, James P., Lescano, Andres G., ...
Cryptosporidium species are ubiquitous in the environment and are frequently detected in the stools of children who live where sanitation conditions are poor. To better characterize the immune...
Priest, Jeffrey W., Bern, Caryn, Roberts, Jacquelin M., Kwon, James P., Lescano, Andres G., Checkley, William, ...
Validation of String Test for Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infections
Velapatiño, Billie, Balqui, Jacqueline, Gilman, Robert H., Bussalleu, Alejandro, Quino, Willi, Finger, S. Alison, ...
The method of recovering Helicobacter pylori DNA or viable cells absorbed on a string that a person has swallowed and that is retrieved an hour later (string test) should be a useful alternative to...
Understandings of reproductive tract infections in a peri-urban pueblo joven in Lima, Peru
Hernández, Lisa Scipioni, Winch, Peter J, Parker, Kea, Gilman, Robert H
Chow, Felicia, Espiritu, Nora, Gilman, Robert H, Gutierrez, Rosmery, Lopez, Sonia, Escombe, A Roderick, ...
Ganoza, Christian A, Matthias, Michael A, Collins-Richards, Devon, Brouwer, Kimberly C, Cunningham, Calaveras B, Segura, Eddy R, ...
Vinetz and colleagues used a quantitative real time PCR assay combined with molecular taxonomic analysis to quantify Leptospira in environmental surface waters in the Peruvian Amazon region of...
Finger, S. Alison, Velapatiño, Billie, Kosek, Margaret, Santivañez, Livia, Dailidiene, Daiva, Quino, Willi, ...
We compared the robustness and discriminatory power of the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting methods for detecting...
Caviedes, Luz, Lee, Tien-Shun, Gilman, Robert H., Sheen, Patricia, Spellman, Emily, Lee, Ellen H., ...
Inexpensive, rapid, and reliable methods of detecting infection by and drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) are crucial to the control of tuberculosis. The novel microscopic...
Intervening Transcribed Spacer Region 1 Variability in Cyclospora cayetanensis
Adam, Rodney D., Ortega, Ynes R., Gilman, Robert H., Sterling, Charles R.
Cyclospora cayetanensis is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite which has emerged as an important cause of epidemic and endemic diarrhea. Water-borne as well as food-borne outbreaks have occurred,...
18S Ribosomal DNA-Based PCR for Diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis
Mayta, Holger, Gilman, Robert H., Calderon, Maritza M., Gottlieb, Aren, Soto, Giselle, Tuero, Iskra, ...
Trichomonas vaginalis remains the most common sexually transmitted parasite in the world and is considered a major risk factor in the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus. A PCR technique...
Oxfendazole Treatment of Sheep with Naturally Acquired Hydatid Disease
Dueger, Erica L., Moro, Pedro L., Gilman, Robert H.
A blinded, randomized placebo-controlled trial assessed the efficacy and safety of oxfendazole for the treatment of ovine hydatid disease. Cyst fertility and parasite viability were measured...
Differences in Genotypes of Helicobacter pylori from Different Human Populations
Kersulyte, Dangeruta, Mukhopadhyay, Asish K., Velapatiño, Billie, Su, WanWen, Pan, ZhiJun, Garcia, Claudia, ...
DNA motifs at several informative loci in more than 500 strains of Helicobacter pylori from five continents were studied by PCR and sequencing to gain insights into the evolution of this gastric...
Jeong, Jin-Yong, Mukhopadhyay, Asish K., Dailidiene, Daiva, Wang, Yipeng, Velapatiño, Billie, Gilman, Robert H., ...
Helicobacter pylori is a human-pathogenic bacterial species that is subdivided geographically, with different genotypes predominating in different parts of the world. Here we test and extend an...
Sonicated Diagnostic Immunoblot for Bartonellosis
Mallqui, Vania, Speelmon, Emily C., Verástegui, Manuela, Maguiña-Vargas, Ciro, Pinell-Salles, Paula, Lavarello, Rosa, ...
Two simple Bartonella bacilliformis immunoblot preparation methods were developed. Antigen was prepared by two different methods: sonication of whole organisms or glycine extraction. Both methods...
Posttreatment Follow-Up of Helicobacter pylori Infection Using a Stool Antigen Immunoassay
Roth, Daniel E., Taylor, David N., Gilman, Robert H., Meza, Rina, Katz, Uriel, Bautista, Christian, ...
The Helicobacter pylori stool antigen enzyme immunoassay (HpSA) was evaluated during posttreatment follow-up of patients in a country with a very high prevalence of H. pylori infection. From among...
Franzblau, Scott G., Witzig, Richard S., McLaughlin, James C., Torres, Patricia, Madico, Guillermo, Hernandez, Antonio, ...
A colorimetric, microplate-based Alamar Blue assay (MABA) method was used to determine the MICs of isoniazid (INH), rifampin, streptomycin (SM), and ethambutol (EMB) for 34 Peruvian Mycobacterium...
Valdez, Yanet, Velapatiño, Billie, Gilman, Robert H., Gutierrez, Vilma, León, Carlos
Metronidazole and tetracycline E tests were compared to an agar dilution method for the antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Helicobacter pylori. Sixteen strains were tested by using tetrazolium...
Detection of Cyclospora cayetanensis in Wastewater
Sturbaum, Gregory D., Ortega, Ynes R., Gilman, Robert H., Sterling, Charles R., Cabrera, Lilia, Klein, Donald A.
Cyclospora cayetanensis causes diarrheal disease worldwide without a confirmed mode of transmission. Wastewater was examined for the presence of this organism. Oocysts were detected microscopically,...
Elevated Concentrations of Eotaxin and Interleukin-5 in Human Neurocysticercosis
Evans, Carlton A. W., Garcia, Hector H., Hartnell, Adele, Gilman, Robert H., Jose, Peter J., Martinez, Manuel, ...
Symptomatic neurocysticercosis, a major cause of epilepsy worldwide, results from inflammation around Taenia solium larvae, but the mechanisms are unknown. Eotaxin, not previously reported in cases...
Current Consensus Guidelines for Treatment of Neurocysticercosis
García, Hector H., Evans, Carlton A. W., Nash, Theodore E., Takayanagui, Osvaldo M., White, A. Clinton, Botero, David, ...
Taenia solium neurocysticercosis is a common cause of epileptic seizures and other neurological morbidity in most developing countries. It is also an increasingly common diagnosis in industrialized...
Cullotta, Anna R., Kalter, H. D., Delgado, Jose, Gilman, Robert H., Facklam, Richard R., Velapatino, Billie, ...
Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were obtained from nasopharyngeal swabs taken from children living in a low socioeconomic area of Lima, Peru, to determine the rates of antimicrobial resistance and...
Caviedes, Luz, Delgado, Jose, Gilman, Robert H.
The emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis underscores the need for low-cost, rapid methods to determine the susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antibiotics. A new, rapid, easily...
Kersulyte, Dangeruta, Velapatiño, Billie, Dailide, Giedrius, Mukhopadhyay, Asish K., Ito, Yoshiyuki, Cahuayme, Lizbeth, ...
A new member of the IS605 transposable element family, designated ISHp608, was found by subtractive hybridization in Helicobacter pylori. Like the three other insertion sequences (ISs) known in this...
Ahmed, Niyaz, Caviedes, Luz, Alam, Mahfooz, Rao, K. Rajender, Sangal, Vartul, Sheen, Patricia, ...
Genotypic analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates obtained from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive (n = 80) and -seronegative (n = 25) patients from Lima, Peru, revealed...
Joseph, Priya, Calderón, Maritza M., Gilman, Robert H., Quispe, Monica L., Cok, Jaime, Ticona, Eduardo, ...
Toxoplasma gondii is a common life-threatening opportunistic infection. We used experimental murine T. gondii infection to optimize the PCR for diagnostic use, define its sensitivity, and...
Cluster of Type IV Secretion Genes in Helicobacter pylori's Plasticity Zone
Kersulyte, Dangeruta, Velapatiño, Billie, Mukhopadhyay, Asish K., Cahuayme, Lizbeth, Bussalleu, Alejandro, Combe, Juan, ...
Some genes present in only certain strains of the genetically diverse gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori may affect its phenotype and/or evolutionary potential. Here we describe a new 16.3-kb...
Mayta, Holger, Gilman, Robert H., Arenas, Fanny, Valencia, Teresa, Caviedes, Luz, Montenegro, Sonia H., ...
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is an increasing health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries. The PCR-UHG-Rif assay, which detects mutations within the rpoB gene associated with...
Plasma Kallikrein Activation and Inhibition during Typhoid Fever
Colman, Robert W., Edelman, Robert, Scott, Cheryl F., Gilman, Robert H.
As an ancillary part of a typhoid fever vaccine study, 10 healthy adult male volunteers (nonimmunized controls) were serially bled 6 days before to 30 days after ingesting 105 Salmonella typhi...
Ahmed, Niyaz, Alam, Mahfooz, Rao, K. Rajender, Kauser, Farhana, Kumar, N. Ashok, Qazi, Nazia N., ...
Tuberculosis continues to be a major killer disease, despite an all-out effort launched against it in the postgenomic era. We describe here the population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis...
Kucerova, Zuzana, Moura, Hercules, Leitch, Gordon J., Sriram, Rama, Bern, Caryn, Kawai, Vivian, ...
A three-step method for the purification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi spores from stool specimens was developed. The primary process of purification of the spores from bacterial contaminants involved...
Moore, David A. J., Mendoza, Daniel, Gilman, Robert H, Evans, Carlton A. W., Delgado, María-Graciela Hollm, Guerra, Jose, ...
There is an urgent need for new tools to improve our ability to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in resource-poor settings. In a retrospective analysis undertaken in a...
Priest, Jeffrey W., Bern, Caryn, Roberts, Jacquelin M., Kwon, James P., Lescano, Andres G., Checkley, William, ...
In a retrospective analysis, we assessed the usefulness of two serologic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays as epidemiologic tools for the detection of cryptosporidiosis episodes in children from a...
Priest, Jeffrey W., Bern, Caryn, Xiao, Lihua, Roberts, Jacquelin M., Kwon, James P., Lescano, Andres G., ...
Cryptosporidium species are ubiquitous in the environment and are frequently detected in the stools of children who live where sanitation conditions are poor. To better characterize the immune...
Priest, Jeffrey W., Bern, Caryn, Roberts, Jacquelin M., Kwon, James P., Lescano, Andres G., Checkley, William, ...
Validation of String Test for Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infections
Velapatiño, Billie, Balqui, Jacqueline, Gilman, Robert H., Bussalleu, Alejandro, Quino, Willi, Finger, S. Alison, ...
The method of recovering Helicobacter pylori DNA or viable cells absorbed on a string that a person has swallowed and that is retrieved an hour later (string test) should be a useful alternative to...
Understandings of reproductive tract infections in a peri-urban pueblo joven in Lima, Peru
Hernández, Lisa Scipioni, Winch, Peter J, Parker, Kea, Gilman, Robert H
Chow, Felicia, Espiritu, Nora, Gilman, Robert H, Gutierrez, Rosmery, Lopez, Sonia, Escombe, A Roderick, ...
Finger, S. Alison, Velapatiño, Billie, Kosek, Margaret, Santivañez, Livia, Dailidiene, Daiva, Quino, Willi, ...
We compared the robustness and discriminatory power of the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting methods for detecting...
Ganoza, Christian A, Matthias, Michael A, Collins-Richards, Devon, Brouwer, Kimberly C, Cunningham, Calaveras B, Segura, Eddy R, ...
Vinetz and colleagues used a quantitative real time PCR assay combined with molecular taxonomic analysis to quantify Leptospira in environmental surface waters in the Peruvian Amazon region of...
Natural Ventilation for the Prevention of Airborne Contagion
Escombe, A. Roderick, Oeser, Clarissa C, Gilman, Robert H, Navincopa, Marcos, Ticona, Eduardo, Pan, William, ...
In eight hospitals in Lima, opening windows and doors maximised natural ventilation and lowered the risk of airborne infection. Old-fashioned clinical areas with high ceilings and large windows...
Natural Ventilation for Prevention of Airborne Contagion: Authors' Reply
Escombe, Adrian Roderick, Moore, David A. J, Friedland, Jon S, Evans, Carlton A, Gilman, Robert H
Possible Transmission of Cryptosporidium canis among Children and a Dog in a Household▿
Xiao, Lihua, Cama, Vitaliano A., Cabrera, Lilia, Ortega, Ynes, Pearson, Julie, Gilman, Robert H.
In a longitudinal cohort diarrhea study, a girl living in Lima, Peru, and her brother and dog were diagnosed with Cryptosporidium canis infections during the same period. Both children had transient...
Targeted Screening Strategies to Detect Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Children
Levy, Michael Z., Kawai, Vivian, Bowman, Natalie M., Waller, Lance A., Cabrera, Lilia, Pinedo-Cancino, Viviana V., ...
Chagas disease kills more people than any other parasitic disease in the Americas. The disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a single-cell parasite which is transmitted between people and other...
Taenia solium Oncosphere Adhesion to Intestinal Epithelial and Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells In Vitro▿
Verastegui, Manuela, Gilman, Robert H., Arana, Yanina, Barber, Dylan, Velásquez, Jeanette, Farfán, Marilu, ...
The specific mechanisms underlying Taenia solium oncosphere adherence and penetration in the host have not been studied previously. We developed an in vitro adhesion model assay to evaluate the...
Matthias, Michael A., Ricaldi, Jessica N., Cespedes, Manuel, Diaz, M. Monica, Galloway, Renee L., Saito, Mayuko, ...
As part of a prospective study of leptospirosis and biodiversity of Leptospira in the Peruvian Amazon, a new Leptospira species was isolated from humans with acute febrile illness. Field trapping...
Nested PCR for Specific Diagnosis of Taenia solium Taeniasis▿
Mayta, Holger, Gilman, Robert H., Prendergast, Emily, Castillo, Janeth P., Tinoco, Yeny O., Garcia, Hector H., ...
Taeniasis due to Taenia solium is a disease with important public health consequences, since the larval stage is not exclusive to the animal intermediate, the pig, but also infects humans, causing...
Hypertension among adults in a deprived urban area of Peru – Undiagnosed and uncontrolled?
Davies, Alisha R, Miranda, J Jaime, Gilman, Robert H, Smeeth, Liam
The Infectiousness of Tuberculosis Patients Coinfected with HIV
Escombe, A. Roderick, Moore, David A. J, Gilman, Robert H, Pan, William, Navincopa, Marcos, Ticona, Eduardo, ...
Using a guinea pig detection system above an HIV-tuberculosis ward, Rod Escombe and colleagues found that most transmitted tuberculosis originated from patients with inadequately treated...
Grandjean, Louis, Martin, Laura, Gilman, Robert H., Valencia, Teresa, Herrera, Beatriz, Quino, Willi, ...
Tuberculosis culture usually requires sputum decontamination and centrifugation to prevent cultures from being overgrown by contaminating bacteria and fungi. However, decontamination destroys many...
Diagnosis of Cystic Echinococcosis, Central Peruvian Highlands
Gavidia, Cesar M., Gonzalez, Armando E., Zhang, Wenbao, McManus, Donald P., Lopera, Luis, Ninaquispe, Berenice, ...
High prevalence was confirmed by ultrasonography, radiography, and 2 serologic tests, although usefulness of serologic testing in the field was limited.
Cryptosporidium Species and Subtypes and Clinical Manifestations in Children, Peru
Cama, Vitaliano A., Bern, Caryn, Roberts, Jacqueline, Cabrera, Lilia, Sterling, Charles R., Ortega, Ynes, ...
One-sentence summary for table of contents: Different genotypes and subtypes are linked to different clinical manifestations.
Lescano, Andres G., Garcia, Hector H., Gilman, Robert H., Gavidia, Cesar M., Tsang, Victor C. W., Rodriguez, Silvia, ...
Cysticercosis is a parasitic disease caused by the tapeworm Taenia solium, common in areas with limited sanitation or with migration from these populations. The adult parasite is hosted in the human...
Sexual behavior and drug consumption among young adults in a shantytown in Lima, Peru
Gálvez-Buccollini, Juan A, DeLea, Suzanne, Herrera, Phabiola M, Gilman, Robert H, Paz-Soldan, Valerie
Leonard, Brian, Coronel, Jorge, Siedner, Mark, Grandjean, Louis, Caviedes, Luz, Navarro, Pilar, ...
The intersample and intrasample variability of the results obtained with the microplate Alamar blue assay for the indirect drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was investigated....
Upper-Room Ultraviolet Light and Negative Air Ionization to Prevent Tuberculosis Transmission
Escombe, A. Roderick, Moore, David A. J, Gilman, Robert H, Navincopa, Marcos, Ticona, Eduardo, Mitchell, Bailey, ...
Using a guinea-pig detection model, Rod Escombe and colleagues find that upper-room UV lamps in hospital rooms can substantially reduce airborne transmission ofMycobacterium tuberculosis.
Herrera, Phabiola M., Mendez, Melissa, Velapatiõ, Billie, Santivaẽz, Livia, Balqui, Jacqueline, Finger, S. Alison, ...
The efficiency of transmission of a pathogen within families compared with that between unrelated persons can affect both the strategies needed to control or eradicate infection and how the pathogen...
Herrera, Phabiola M., Mendez, Melissa, Velapatiño, Billie, Santivañez, Livia, Balqui, Jacqueline, Finger, S. Alison, ...
Helicobacter Pylori's Plasticity Zones Are Novel Transposable Elements
Kersulyte, Dangeruta, Lee, WooKon, Subramaniam, Dharmalingam, Anant, Shrikant, Herrera, Phabiola, Cabrera, Lilia, ...
Multi-country analysis of the effects of diarrhoea on childhood stunting
Checkley, William, Buckley, Gillian, Gilman, Robert H, Assis, Ana MO, Guerrant, Richard L, Morris, Saul S, ...
Diarrhoea is an important cause of death and illness among children in developing countries; however, it remains controversial as to whether diarrhoea leads to stunting. We conducted a pooled...
Lack of an Adverse Effect of Giardia intestinalis Infection on the Health of Peruvian Children
Hollm-Delgado, Maria-Graciela, Gilman, Robert H., Bern, Caryn, Cabrera, Lilia, Sterling, Charles R., Black, Robert E., ...
Giardia intestinalis is a common gastrointestinal protozoan worldwide, but its effects on childhood growth in developing countries are not clearly understood. The authors aimed to describe its...
High Risk for Tuberculosis in Hospital Physicians, Peru
Bonifacio, Nilo, Saito, Mayuko, Gilman, Robert H, Leung, Fay, Chavez, Nancy Cordova, Huarcaya, Jesús Chacaltana, ...
Epidemiologic Differences Between Cyclosporiasis and Cryptosporidiosis in Peruvian Children
Bern, Caryn, Ortega, Ynes, Checkley, William, Roberts, Jacquelin M., Lescano, Andres G., Cabrera, Lilia, ...
We compared the epidemiologic characteristics of cyclosporiasis and cryptosporidiosis in data from a cohort study of diarrhea in a periurban community near Lima, Peru. Children had an average of 0.20...