Rytas Vilgalys

Variation in Modes and Rates of Evolution in Nuclear and Mitochondrial Ribosomal DNA in the Mushroom Genus Amanita (Agaricales, Basidiomycota): Phylogenetic Implications (2008)

Jean-marc Moncalvo, Dennis Drehmel, Rytas Vilgalys

Modes and rates of molecular evolution, and congruence and combinability for phylogenetic reconstruction, of portions of the nuclear large ribosomal subunit (nLSU-rDNA) and mitochondrial small...

Phylogenetic Relationships of Agaric Fungi Based on Nuclear Large Subunit Ribosomal DNA Sequences (2000)

Moncalvo, Jean-Marc, Lutzoni, François M., Rehner, Stephen A., Johnson, Jacqui, Vilgalys, Rytas

Phylogenetic relationships of mushrooms and their relatives within the order Agaricales were addressed by using nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences. Approximately 900 bases of the 5′ end...

Clonal and Spontaneous Origins of Fluconazole Resistance in Candida albicans

Xu, Jianping, Ramos, Adela R., Vilgalys, Rytas, Mitchell, Thomas G.

The genotypes and susceptibilities to fluconazole of 78 strains of the human pathogenic yeast Candida albicans were compared. The strains comprised two sets of samples from Durham, N.C.: one from...

Lack of Genetic Differentiation between Two Geographically Diverse Samples of Candida albicans Isolated from Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Xu, Jianping, Vilgalys, Rytas, Mitchell, Thomas G.

The patterns of genetic variation of samples of Candida albicans isolated from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Durham, N.C., and Vitória, Brazil, were compared. Genotypes for...

Colony Size Can Be Used To Determine the MIC of Fluconazole for Pathogenic Yeasts

Xu, Jianping, Vilgalys, Rytas, Mitchell, Thomas G.

This report describes a new statistical method for estimating the MIC of fluconazole for yeasts pathogenic to humans. This method is based on comparison of the colony sizes on solid media containing...

Evidence of Sexual Recombination among Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype A Isolates in Sub-Saharan Africa†

Litvintseva, Anastasia P., Marra, Robert E., Nielsen, Kirsten, Heitman, Joseph, Vilgalys, Rytas, Mitchell, Thomas G.

The most common cause of fungal meningitis in humans, Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A, is a basidiomycetous yeast with a bipolar mating system. However, the vast majority (>99.9%) of C. neoformans...

Comparative Analysis of Environmental and Clinical Populations of Cryptococcus neoformans

Litvintseva, Anastasia P., Kestenbaum, Lori, Vilgalys, Rytas, Mitchell, Thomas G.

Cryptococcus neoformans is a major, global cause of meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised patients. Despite advances in the molecular epidemiology of C. neoformans, its population structure and...

Assessment of Soil Microbial Community Structure by Use of Taxon-Specific Quantitative PCR Assays

Fierer, Noah, Jackson, Jason A., Vilgalys, Rytas, Jackson, Robert B.

Here we describe a quantitative PCR-based approach to estimating the relative abundances of major taxonomic groups of bacteria and fungi in soil. Primers were thoroughly tested for specificity, and...

Fungal Community Analysis by Large-Scale Sequencing of Environmental Samples†

O'Brien, Heath E., Parrent, Jeri Lynn, Jackson, Jason A., Moncalvo, Jean-Marc, Vilgalys, Rytas

Fungi are an important and diverse component of soil communities, but these communities have proven difficult to study in conventional biotic surveys. We evaluated soil fungal diversity at two sites...

Evolution of the Bipolar Mating System of the Mushroom Coprinellus disseminatus From Its Tetrapolar Ancestors Involves Loss of Mating-Type-Specific Pheromone Receptor Function

James, Timothy Y., Srivilai, Prayook, Kües, Ursula, Vilgalys, Rytas

Mating incompatibility in mushroom fungi is controlled by the mating-type loci. In tetrapolar species, two unlinked mating-type loci exist (A and B), whereas in bipolar species there is only one...

Multilocus Sequence Typing Reveals Three Genetic Subpopulations of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (Serotype A), Including a Unique Population in Botswana

Litvintseva, Anastasia P., Thakur, Rameshwari, Vilgalys, Rytas, Mitchell, Thomas G.

We applied multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to investigate the population structure and mode of reproduction of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (serotype A). This MLST system utilizes 12...

A genetic linkage map of Cryptococcus neoformans variety neoformans serotype D (Filobasidiella neoformans).

Marra, Robert E, Huang, Johnny C, Fung, Eula, Nielsen, Kirsten, Heitman, Joseph, Vilgalys, Rytas, ...

To construct a genetic linkage map of the heterothallic yeast, Cryptococcus neoformans (Filobasidiella neoformans), we crossed two mating-compatible strains and analyzed 94 progeny for the...

Clonal and Spontaneous Origins of Fluconazole Resistance in Candida albicans

Xu, Jianping, Ramos, Adela R., Vilgalys, Rytas, Mitchell, Thomas G.

The genotypes and susceptibilities to fluconazole of 78 strains of the human pathogenic yeast Candida albicans were compared. The strains comprised two sets of samples from Durham, N.C.: one from...

Lack of Genetic Differentiation between Two Geographically Diverse Samples of Candida albicans Isolated from Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Xu, Jianping, Vilgalys, Rytas, Mitchell, Thomas G.

The patterns of genetic variation of samples of Candida albicans isolated from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Durham, N.C., and Vitória, Brazil, were compared. Genotypes for...

Colony Size Can Be Used To Determine the MIC of Fluconazole for Pathogenic Yeasts

Xu, Jianping, Vilgalys, Rytas, Mitchell, Thomas G.

This report describes a new statistical method for estimating the MIC of fluconazole for yeasts pathogenic to humans. This method is based on comparison of the colony sizes on solid media containing...

Evidence of Sexual Recombination among Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype A Isolates in Sub-Saharan Africa†

Litvintseva, Anastasia P., Marra, Robert E., Nielsen, Kirsten, Heitman, Joseph, Vilgalys, Rytas, Mitchell, Thomas G.

The most common cause of fungal meningitis in humans, Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A, is a basidiomycetous yeast with a bipolar mating system. However, the vast majority (>99.9%) of C. neoformans...

Comparative Analysis of Environmental and Clinical Populations of Cryptococcus neoformans

Litvintseva, Anastasia P., Kestenbaum, Lori, Vilgalys, Rytas, Mitchell, Thomas G.

Cryptococcus neoformans is a major, global cause of meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised patients. Despite advances in the molecular epidemiology of C. neoformans, its population structure and...

Assessment of Soil Microbial Community Structure by Use of Taxon-Specific Quantitative PCR Assays

Fierer, Noah, Jackson, Jason A., Vilgalys, Rytas, Jackson, Robert B.

Here we describe a quantitative PCR-based approach to estimating the relative abundances of major taxonomic groups of bacteria and fungi in soil. Primers were thoroughly tested for specificity, and...

Fungal Community Analysis by Large-Scale Sequencing of Environmental Samples†

O'Brien, Heath E., Parrent, Jeri Lynn, Jackson, Jason A., Moncalvo, Jean-Marc, Vilgalys, Rytas

Fungi are an important and diverse component of soil communities, but these communities have proven difficult to study in conventional biotic surveys. We evaluated soil fungal diversity at two sites...

Evolution of the Bipolar Mating System of the Mushroom Coprinellus disseminatus From Its Tetrapolar Ancestors Involves Loss of Mating-Type-Specific Pheromone Receptor Function

James, Timothy Y., Srivilai, Prayook, Kües, Ursula, Vilgalys, Rytas

Mating incompatibility in mushroom fungi is controlled by the mating-type loci. In tetrapolar species, two unlinked mating-type loci exist (A and B), whereas in bipolar species there is only one...

Multilocus Sequence Typing Reveals Three Genetic Subpopulations of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (Serotype A), Including a Unique Population in Botswana

Litvintseva, Anastasia P., Thakur, Rameshwari, Vilgalys, Rytas, Mitchell, Thomas G.

We applied multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to investigate the population structure and mode of reproduction of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (serotype A). This MLST system utilizes 12...

A genetic linkage map of Cryptococcus neoformans variety neoformans serotype D (Filobasidiella neoformans).

Marra, Robert E, Huang, Johnny C, Fung, Eula, Nielsen, Kirsten, Heitman, Joseph, Vilgalys, Rytas, ...

To construct a genetic linkage map of the heterothallic yeast, Cryptococcus neoformans (Filobasidiella neoformans), we crossed two mating-compatible strains and analyzed 94 progeny for the...

Environmental and anthropogenic controls over bacterial communities in wetland soils

Hartman, Wyatt H., Richardson, Curtis J., Vilgalys, Rytas, Bruland, Gregory L.

Soil bacteria regulate wetland biogeochemical processes, yet little is known about controls over their distribution and abundance. Bacteria in North Carolina swamps and bogs differ greatly from...

Rapid Global Expansion of the Fungal Disease Chytridiomycosis into Declining and Healthy Amphibian Populations

James, Timothy Y., Litvintseva, Anastasia P., Vilgalys, Rytas, Morgan, Jess A. T., Taylor, John W., Fisher, Matthew C., ...

The fungal disease chytridiomycosis, caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, is enigmatic because it occurs globally in both declining and apparently healthy (non-declining) amphibian populations....

Phylogeny and Phenotypic Characterization of Pathogenic Cryptococcus Species and Closely Related Saprobic Taxa in the Tremellales ▿ †

Findley, Keisha, Rodriguez-Carres, Marianela, Metin, Banu, Kroiss, Johannes, Fonseca, Álvaro, Vilgalys, Rytas, ...

The basidiomycetous yeasts Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are closely related sibling species that cause respiratory and neurological disease in humans and animals. Within these two...