S. Ebrahim

Publication List Details

Period

1986 - 2009

Number

200

Co-Authors

Prospective study of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and risk of myocardial infarction and stroke in older men and women (2009)

Jefferis, B.J., Whincup, P., Welsh, P., Wannamethee, G., Rumley, A., Lennon, L., ...

OBJECTIVES: The endopeptidase matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is implicated in atherosclerotic plaque rupture. We investigate prospective associations between MMP-9 and MI or stroke in an older...

Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is associated with circulating markers of inflammation and endothelial function in adult men and women (2009)

Jefferis, B.J., Lowe, G.D.O., Welsh, P., Rumley, A., Lawlor, D.A., Ebrahim, S., ...

AIMS: Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is associated with elevated CHD risks. Yet the pathways through which this may operate have not been investigated in epidemiologic studies with objective SHS...

Circulating TNFα levels in older men and women do not show independent prospective relations with MI or stroke (2008)

Jefferis, B.J., Whincup, P.H., Welsh, P., Wannamethee, S.G., Rumley, A., Lennon, L.T., ...

Background: Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine implicated in atherosclerotic plaque formation. We investigated whether circulating TNFα is prospectively associated...

Newborn hearing screening in a South African private health care hospital (2007)

Swanepoel, De Wet, Ebrahim, S., Joseph, A., Friedland, Peter L.

OBJECTIVE: Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programs are being established as part of the public health systems in increasing numbers of countries. In developing countries, however,...

Newborn hearing screening in a South African private health care hospital (2007)

Swanepoel, De Wet, Ebrahim, S., Joseph, A., Friedland, Peter L.

OBJECTIVE: Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programs are being established as part of the public health systems in increasing numbers of countries. In developing countries, however,...

Quality of life among older people with poor functioning. The influence of perceived control over life (2007)

Bowling, A., Seetai, S., Morris, R., Ebrahim, S.

Objective: to investigate the apparently incongruous coupling of poor physical functioning with high QoL. Study design and setting: face-to-face interview survey of random sample of 999 people aged...

The ORION statement: guidelines for transparent reporting of Outbreak Reports and Intervention studies Of Nosocomial infection (2007)

Stone, S. P., Cooper, B. S., Kibbler, C. C., Cookson, B. D., Roberts, J. A., Medley, G. F., ...

The quality of research in hospital epidemiology (infection control) must be improved to be robust enough to influence policy and practice. In order to raise the standards of research and...

The Psychosocial Versus Material Hypothesis to Explain Observed Inequality in Disability Among Older Adults: Data From the West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study (2006)

Adamson, J.A., Ebrahim, S., Hunt, K.

Objectives: The possible mechanisms for explaining health inequality are subject to debate. This study considers the roles of psychosocial and material mechanisms in observed inequalities in...

Prevalence and risk factors for joint pain among men and women in the West of Scotland Twenty-07 study (2006)

Adamson, J., Ebrahim, S., Dieppe, P., Hunt, K.

Objective: To examine the association between three modifiable risk factors (obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption) and reported joint pain. Methods: Cross sectional data were collected on 858...

Predicting catastrophic decline in mobility among older people (2006)

Ayis, S., Gooberman-Hill, R., Bowling, A., Ebrahim, S.

OBJECTIVE: to investigate the associations between chronic health conditions, psychosocial and environmental factors and catastrophic decline in mobility among older people. DESIGN: longitudinal...

Do perceptions of neighbourhood environment influence health? Baseline findings from a British survey of aging (2006)

Bowling, A., Barber, J., Morris, R., Ebrahim, S.

Objectives: To investigate the relation between perceived neighbourhood environment, social contact and support, and self efficacy, on the health of older people. Design: British cross sectional...

Secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in older patients after the national service framework: population based study (2006)

Ramsay, S.E., Whincup, P.H., Lawlor, D.A., Papacosta, O., Lennon, L.T., Thomas, M.C., ...

Objective: To examine the extent of uptake of medication for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in older British men and women before (1998-2001) and after (2003) the implementation of...

The thermolabile variant of MTHFR is associated with depression in the British Women's Heart and Health Study and a meta-analysis (2006)

Lewis, S.J., Lawlor, D.A., Davey Smith, G., Araya, R., Timpson, N., Day, I.N.M., ...

Low dietary folate intake has been implicated as a risk factor for depression. However, observational epidemiological studies are plagued by problems of confounding, reverse causality and measurement...

Genotype of galectin 2 (LGALS2) is associated with insulin-glucose profile in the British Women’s Heart and Health Study (2006)

Christensen, M.B., Lawlor, D.A., Gaunt, T.R., Howell, M.W., Davey Smith, G., Ebrahim, S., ...

Aims/hypothesis: It has been suggested that the gene encoding lymphotoxin-alpha (LTA) is associated with insulin resistance, and genetic association studies in the LTA region offer some support for...

The thermolabile variant of MTHFR is associated with depression in the British Women's Heart and Health Study and a meta-analysis (2006)

Lewis, S.J., Lawlor, D.A., Davey Smith, G., Araya, R., Timpson, N., Day, I.N.M., ...

Low dietary folate intake has been implicated as a risk factor for depression. However, observational epidemiological studies are plagued by problems of confounding, reverse causality and measurement...

Predicting catastrophic decline in mobility among older people (2006)

Ayis, S., Gooberman-Hill, R., Bowling, A., Ebrahim, S.

Objective: to investigate the associations between chronic health conditions, psychosocial and environmental factors and catastrophic decline in mobility among older people. Design: longitudinal...

The burden of disease and injury in the United States 1996 (2006)

Michaud, C. M., McKenna, M. T., Begg, S., Tomijima, N., Majmudar, M., Bulzacchelli, M. T., ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Burden of disease studies have been implemented in many countries using the Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY) to assess major health problems. Important objectives of the...

Genotype of galectin 2 (LGALS2) is associated with insulin-glucose profile in the British Women's Heart and Health Study (2006)

Christensen, M.B., Lawlor, D.A., Gaunt, T.R., Howell, M.W., Davey Smith, G., Ebrahim, S., ...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: It has been suggested that the gene encoding lymphotoxin-alpha (LTA) is associated with insulin resistance, and genetic association studies in the LTA region offer some support for...

The burden of disease and injury in the United States 1996 (2006)

Michaud, C. M., McKenna, M. T., Begg, S., Tomijima, N., Majmudar, M., Bulzacchelli, M. T., ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Burden of disease studies have been implemented in many countries using the Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY) to assess major health problems. Important objectives of the...

Predicting catastrophic decline in mobility among older people (2006)

Ayis, S., Gooberman-Hill, R., Bowling, A., Ebrahim, S.

Objective: to investigate the associations between chronic health conditions, psychosocial and environmental factors and catastrophic decline in mobility among older people. Design: longitudinal...

Predicting catastrophic decline in mobility among older people (2006)

Ayis, S., Gooberman-Hill, R., Bowling, A., Ebrahim, S.

Objective: to investigate the associations between chronic health conditions, psychosocial and environmental factors and catastrophic decline in mobility among older people. Design: longitudinal...

Socio-economic position across the life course and hysterectomy in three British cohorts: a cross-cohort comparative study (2005)

Cooper, R., Lawlor, D.A., Hardy, R., Ebrahim, S., Leon, D.A., Wadsworth, M.E., ...

Objective: To examine the association between indicators of lifetime socio-economic position and rates of hysterectomy in three British cohorts. Design: Cross-cohort comparative study. Setting: Two...

Attributes of age-identity (2005)

Bowling, A., See-Tai, S., Ebrahim, S., Gabriel, Z., Solanki, P.

Chronological age can be an unsatisfactory method of discriminating between older people. The lay concept of how old people actually feel may be more useful. The aim of the analyses reported in this...

Assessing patients’ preferences for treatments for angina using a modified repertory grid method (2005)

Rowe, G., Lambert, N., Bowling, A., Ebrahim, S., Wakeling, I., Thomson, R.

A current popular theme in medicine concerns whether and how patients should be involved in treatment choice. Assuming patient involvement is desirable, how should one go about eliciting preferences?...

Assessing patients’ preferences for treatments for angina using a modified repertory grid method (2005)

Rowe, G., Lambert, N., Bowling, A., Ebrahim, S., Wakeling, I., Thomson, R.

A current popular theme in medicine concerns whether and how patients should be involved in treatment choice. Assuming patient involvement is desirable, how should one go about eliciting preferences?...

Association of C-reactive protein with blood pressure and hypertension: life course confounding and mendelian randomization tests of causality (2005)

Davey Smith, G., Lawlor, D.A., Harbord, R., Timpson, N., Rumley, A., Lowe, G.D., ...

Background— C-reactive protein (CRP) has repeatedly been associated with blood pressure and prevalent and incident hypertension, but whether a causal link exists is uncertain. Methods and...

Mutation scanning by meltMADGE: Validations using BRCA1 and LDLR, and demonstration of the potential to identify severe, moderate, silent, rare, and paucimorphic mutations in the general population (2005)

Alharbi, K.K., Aldahmesh, M.A., Spanakis, E., Haddad, L., Whittall, R.A., Chen, X.H., ...

We have developed a mutation-scanning approach suitable for whole population screening for unknown mutations. The method, meltMADGE, combines thermal ramp electrophoresis with MADGE to achieve...

C-reactive protein and its role in metabolic syndrome: mendelian randomisation study (2005)

Timpson, N.J., Lawlor, D.A., Harbord, R.M., Gaunt, T.R., Day, I.N., Palmer, L.J., ...

Background: Circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) is associated with the metabolic syndrome and might be causally linked to it. Our aim was to generate estimates of the association between plasma CRP...

TAS2R38 (phenylthiocarbamide) haplotypes, coronary heart disease traits, and eating behavior in the British Women's Heart and Health Study (2005)

Timpson, N.J., Christensen, M., Lawlor, D.A., Gaunt, T.R., Day, I.N., Ebrahim, S., ...

Background: Variation in the perception of bitter tastes has been associated with eating behavior, body composition, and cardiovascular disease. Recent observations have implicated 2 common...

Mutation scanning by meltMADGE: validations using BRCA1 and LDLR, and demonstration of the potential to identify severe, moderate, silent, rare, and paucimorphic mutations in the general population (2005)

Alharbi, K.K., Aldahmesh, M.A., Spanakis, E., Haddad, L., Whittall, R.A., Chen, X.H., ...

We have developed a mutation-scanning approach suitable for whole population screening for unknown mutations. The method, meltMADGE, combines thermal ramp electrophoresis with MADGE to achieve...

Reasons underpinning patients' preferences for various angina treatments (2004)

Lambert, N., Rowe, G., Bowling, A., Ebrahim, S., Laurence, M., Dalrymple, J., ...

Objective: To elicit patients' preferences for the treatment of angina. Design: Angina patients were interviewed in order to elicit their personal reasons underlying preferences for various treatment...

Reasons underpinning patients' preferences for various angina treatments (2004)

Lambert, N., Rowe, G., Bowling, A., Ebrahim, S., Laurence, M., Dalrymple, J., ...

Objective: To elicit patients' preferences for the treatment of angina. Design: Angina patients were interviewed in order to elicit their personal reasons underlying preferences for various treatment...

Chronic diseases, locomotor activity limitation and social participation in older women: cross sectional survey of British Women's Heart and Health Study (2004)

Adamson, J., Lawlor, D.A., Ebrahim, S.

OBJECTIVES: to examine the association of chronic degenerative diseases with locomotor activity limitation and social participation among older British women. METHODS: cross-sectional survey of 4,286...

Evaluating the impact of population and high-risk strategies for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2004)

Emberson, J., Whincup, P., Morris, R., Walker, M., Ebrahim, S.

Aims: To estimate the potential effectiveness of different "high-risk" and "population" approaches to the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in middle-aged British men, after...

Associations of parental, birth, and early life characteristics with systolic blood pressure at 5 years of age - Findings from the Mater-University study of pregnancy and its outcomes (2004)

Lawlor, DA, Najman, JM, Sterne, J, Williams, GM, Ebrahim, S, Smith, GD.

Background-We examined the associations of a range of parental and early life characteristics with systolic blood pressure at 5 years of age. Methods and Results-Information from 3864 children who...

Relative efficacy of differential methods of dietary advice : a systematic review. (2003)

Thompson, R. L., Summerbell, C. D., Hooper, L., Higgins, J. P. T., Little, P. S., Talbot, D., ...

Background: Dietary advice to lower blood cholesterol may be given by a variety of means. The relative efficacy of the different methods is unknown. Objective: The objective was to assess the effects...

Dietary advice given by a dietitian versus other health professional or self-help methods to reduce blood cholesterol. (2003)

Thompson, R. L., Summerbell, C. D., Hooper, L., Higgins, L. P. T., Little, P. S., Talbot, D., ...

Background The average level of blood cholesterol is an important determinant of the risk of coronary heart disease. Blood cholesterol can be reduced by dietary means. Although dietitians are trained...

Socio-economic position, occupational exposures, and gender: the relationship with locomotor disability in early old age (2003)

Adamson, J., Hunt, K., Ebrahim, S.

The direction and magnitude of sex differences in health vary according to the particular health condition and phase of the life cycle.1 In examining gender differences in health it is necessary to...

Association of measures of morbidity and locomotor disability: diagnosis alone is not enough (2003)

Adamson, J., Hunt, K., Ebrahim, S.

This study examines the relationship between different measures of morbidity and locomotor disability in early old age. Data from a community health survey of 858 people aged approximately 58 years...

Ketorolac, diclofenac, and ketoprofen are equally safe for pain relief after major surgery{dagger} (2002)

Forrest, J. B., Camu, F., Greer, I. A., Kehlet, H., Abdalla, M., Bonnet, F., ...

Background. Ketorolac is approved for the relief of postoperative pain but concerns have been raised over a possible risk of serious adverse effects and death. Two regulatory reviews in Europe on the...

Glossaries in public health: older people (2001)

Bowling, A., Ebrahim, S.

Humanity is growing older. The falls in mortality and fertility rates occurring in all but sub-Saharan African countries have brought the issue of population aging, and the associated changes in...

Dietary fat intake and prevention of cardiovascular disease : systematic review. (2001)

Hooper, L., Summerbell, C. D., Higgins, J. P., Thompson, R. L., Capps, N. E., Smith, G. D., ...

Objective: To assess the effect of reduction or modification of dietary fat intake on total and cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular morbidity. Design: Systematic review. Data sources:...

Dietary advice given by a dietitian versus other health professional or self-help resources to reduce blood cholesterol (2001)

Thompson, R.L., Summerbell, C.D., Hooper, L., Higgins, J.P.T., Little, P.S., Talbot, D., ...

Background: The average level of blood cholesterol is an important determinant of the risk of coronary heart disease. Blood cholesterol can be reduced by dietary means. Although dietitians are...

Dietary advice given by a dietitian versus other health professional or self-help resources to reduce blood cholesterol (2001)

Thompson, R.L., Summerbell, C.D., Hooper, L., Higgins, J.P.T., Little, P.S., Talbot, D., ...

Background: The average level of blood cholesterol is an important determinant of the risk of coronary heart disease. Blood cholesterol can be reduced by dietary means. Although dietitians are...

Reduced or modified dietary fat for preventing cardiovascular disease. (2000)

Hooper, L., Summerbell, C. D., Higgins, J., Thompson, R. L., Clements, G., Capps, N., ...

Background Reduction or modification of dietary fat can improve total cholesterol levels, but may also have a variety of effects, both positive and negative, on other cardiovascular risk factors....

Femoral atherosclerosis in an older British population: prevalence and risk factors (2000)

Leng, G.C., Papacosta, O., Whincup, P., Wannamethee, G., Walker, M., Ebrahim, S., ...

Most estimates of the prevalence of peripheral atherosclerosis have been based on intermittent claudication or lower limb blood flow. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the prevalence...

The natural history of prevalent ischaemic heart disease in middle-aged men (2000)

Lampe, F.C, Whincup, P.H, Wannamethee, S.G, Shaper, A.G, Walker, M, Ebrahim, S

Objective To describe the long-term outcome of different forms of symptomatic and asymptomatic ischaemic heart disease in middle-aged men. Methods 7735 men aged 40–59, randomly selected from 24...

Cholesterol and coronary heart disease: screening and treatment (1998)

Ebrahim, S., Smith, G.D., McCabe, C., Payne, N., Pickin, M., Sheldon, T.A., ...

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United Kingdom, accounting for just under one quarter of all deaths in 1995: 27% among men and 21% among women.1...

Cholesterol and coronary heart disease: screening and treatment (1998)

Ebrahim, S., Smith, G.D., McCabe, C., Payne, N., Pickin, M., Sheldon, T.A., ...

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United Kingdom, accounting for just under one quarter of all deaths in 1995: 27% among men and 21% among women.1...

Chest pain on questionnaire and prediction of major ischaemic heart disease events in men (1998)

Lampe, F.C., Whincup, P.H., Wannamethee, S.G., Ebrahim, S., Walker, M., Shaper, A.G.

Objective To examine the prediction of major ischaemic heart disease events by questionnaire-assessed chest pain and other symptoms. Design Population-based prospective study. Subjects 7735 randomly...

Missed opportunities for the prevention of cardiovascular disease among British hypertensives in primary care (1996)

Dickinson, E, Hills, M, Wilson, V, Ebrahim, S

Background. High-risk strategies for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among hypertensive patients require knowledge of the prevalence and interaction of modifiable risk factors to...

HANDICAP IN INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS (1996)

HARWOOD, R. H., CARR, A. J., THOMPSON, P. W., EBRAHIM, S.

Two instruments measuring handicap were evaluated and compared with clinical, laboratory and disability measures. Participants were 133 patients attending a rheumatology follow-up clinic in a...

Delirium in Newly Admitted Elderly Patients: A Prospective Study (1992)

JITAPUNKUL, S, PILLAY, I, EBRAHIM, S

The prevalence, associated conditions and outcome of delirium were studied in a consecutive series of 184 patients admitted with acute illness to a department of health care of the elderly. Forty of...

Prospective Study of Mortality Associated with Chronic Lung Disease and Smoking in Papua New Guinea (1988)

ANDERSON, H R, VALLANCE, P, BLAND, J M, NOHL, F, EBRAHIM, S

In Papua New Guinea a 15-year mortality follow-up was carried out among 2026 Highlanders and 1734 coastal dwellers on whom data on respiratory symptoms and signs, and lung function had been obtained...

The Effect of an Antibiotic Policy on Bacterial Resistance in Patients in Geriatric Medical Wards (1986)

BENDALL, M. J., EBRAHIM, S., FINCH, R. G., SLACK, R. C. B., TOWNER, K. J.

In an effort to reduce levels of trimethoprim resistance amongst urinary isolates and faecal organisms two antibiotic policies (policy 1, erythromycin, nitrofurantoin substituted for trimethoprim and...

Femoral atherosclerosis in an older British population: prevalence and risk factors

Leng, G.C., Papacosta, O., Whincup, P., Wannamethee, G., Walker, M., Ebrahim, S., ...

Most estimates of the prevalence of peripheral atherosclerosis have been based on intermittent claudication or lower limb blood flow. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the prevalence...

Socio-economic position, occupational exposures, and gender: the relationship with locomotor disability in early old age

Adamson, J., Hunt, K., Ebrahim, S.

The direction and magnitude of sex differences in health vary according to the particular health condition and phase of the life cycle.1 In examining gender differences in health it is necessary to...

Association of measures of morbidity and locomotor disability: diagnosis alone is not enough

Adamson, J., Hunt, K., Ebrahim, S.

This study examines the relationship between different measures of morbidity and locomotor disability in early old age. Data from a community health survey of 858 people aged approximately 58 years...

Molecular Typing of Treponema pallidum in South Africa: Cross-Sectional Studies

Pillay, A., Liu, H., Ebrahim, S., Chen, C. Y., Lai, W., Fehler, G., ...

We evaluated a molecular subtyping system for Treponema pallidum for its ability to differentiate between strains obtained from male patients with primary syphilis in South Africa. Of 201 T....

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals and the community: Stealth dynamics and control catastrophes

Cooper, B. S., Medley, G. F., Stone, S. P., Kibbler, C. C., Cookson, B. D., Roberts, J. A., ...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) represents a serious threat to the health of hospitalized patients. Attempts to reduce the spread of MRSA have largely depended on hospital hygiene...

Isolation measures in the hospital management of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): systematic review of the literature

Cooper, B S, Stone, S P, Kibbler, C C, Cookson, B D, Roberts, J A, Medley, G F, ...

Objective To evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of isolation measures in reducing the incidence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonisation and infection in hospital...

Scoring system to identify men at high risk of stroke: a strategy for general practice.

Coppola, W G, Whincup, P H, Papacosta, O, Walker, M, Ebrahim, S

BACKGROUND--The major risk factors for stroke are well described and there is good evidence that the risks associated with hypertension and cigarette smoking are reversible by appropriate...

Missed opportunities for the prevention of cardiovascular disease among British hypertensives in primary care.

Foss, F A, Dickinson, E, Hills, M, Thomson, A, Wilson, V, Ebrahim, S

BACKGROUND: High-risk strategies for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among hypertensive patients require knowledge of the prevalence and interaction of modifiable risk factors to...

Aspirin use in middle-aged men with cardiovascular disease: are opportunities being missed?

McCallum, A K, Whincup, P H, Morris, R W, Thomson, A, Walker, M, Ebrahim, S

BACKGROUND: Since the 1980s, clinical trial evidence has supported aspirin use in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). AIM: To explore aspirin use among British men with known...

Aspirin use for the prevention of cardiovascular disease: the British Women's Heart and Health Study.

Lawlor, D A, Bedford, C, Taylor, M, Ebrahim, S

Low dose aspirin is effective, safe, and economical in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. We have found that only one-third of post-menopausal women with cardiovascular disease are...

Low levels of ill health among elderly non-consulters in general practice.

Ebrahim, S, Hedley, R, Sheldon, M

The characteristics of random samples of elderly patients (over 65 years of age), designated as consulters (n = 200) and non-consulters (n = 196), in a group general practice were compared using a...

Molecular Typing of Treponema pallidum in South Africa: Cross-Sectional Studies

Pillay, A., Liu, H., Ebrahim, S., Chen, C. Y., Lai, W., Fehler, G., ...

We evaluated a molecular subtyping system for Treponema pallidum for its ability to differentiate between strains obtained from male patients with primary syphilis in South Africa. Of 201 T....

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals and the community: Stealth dynamics and control catastrophes

Cooper, B. S., Medley, G. F., Stone, S. P., Kibbler, C. C., Cookson, B. D., Roberts, J. A., ...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) represents a serious threat to the health of hospitalized patients. Attempts to reduce the spread of MRSA have largely depended on hospital hygiene...

Isolation measures in the hospital management of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): systematic review of the literature

Cooper, B S, Stone, S P, Kibbler, C C, Cookson, B D, Roberts, J A, Medley, G F, ...

Objective To evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of isolation measures in reducing the incidence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonisation and infection in hospital...

Scoring system to identify men at high risk of stroke: a strategy for general practice.

Coppola, W G, Whincup, P H, Papacosta, O, Walker, M, Ebrahim, S

BACKGROUND--The major risk factors for stroke are well described and there is good evidence that the risks associated with hypertension and cigarette smoking are reversible by appropriate...

Missed opportunities for the prevention of cardiovascular disease among British hypertensives in primary care.

Foss, F A, Dickinson, E, Hills, M, Thomson, A, Wilson, V, Ebrahim, S

BACKGROUND: High-risk strategies for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among hypertensive patients require knowledge of the prevalence and interaction of modifiable risk factors to...

Aspirin use in middle-aged men with cardiovascular disease: are opportunities being missed?

McCallum, A K, Whincup, P H, Morris, R W, Thomson, A, Walker, M, Ebrahim, S

BACKGROUND: Since the 1980s, clinical trial evidence has supported aspirin use in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). AIM: To explore aspirin use among British men with known...

Aspirin use for the prevention of cardiovascular disease: the British Women's Heart and Health Study.

Lawlor, D A, Bedford, C, Taylor, M, Ebrahim, S

Low dose aspirin is effective, safe, and economical in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. We have found that only one-third of post-menopausal women with cardiovascular disease are...

Low levels of ill health among elderly non-consulters in general practice.

Ebrahim, S, Hedley, R, Sheldon, M

The characteristics of random samples of elderly patients (over 65 years of age), designated as consulters (n = 200) and non-consulters (n = 196), in a group general practice were compared using a...

Femoral atherosclerosis in an older British population: prevalence and risk factors

Leng, G.C., Papacosta, O., Whincup, P., Wannamethee, G., Walker, M., Ebrahim, S., ...

Most estimates of the prevalence of peripheral atherosclerosis have been based on intermittent claudication or lower limb blood flow. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the prevalence...

Socio-economic position, occupational exposures, and gender: the relationship with locomotor disability in early old age

Adamson, J., Hunt, K., Ebrahim, S.

The direction and magnitude of sex differences in health vary according to the particular health condition and phase of the life cycle.1 In examining gender differences in health it is necessary to...

Association of measures of morbidity and locomotor disability: diagnosis alone is not enough

Adamson, J., Hunt, K., Ebrahim, S.

This study examines the relationship between different measures of morbidity and locomotor disability in early old age. Data from a community health survey of 858 people aged approximately 58 years...

Prevalence and risk factors for joint pain among men and women in the West of Scotland Twenty-07 study

Adamson, J., Ebrahim, S., Dieppe, P., Hunt, K.

Objective: To examine the association between three modifiable risk factors (obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption) and reported joint pain. Methods: Cross sectional data were collected on 858...

Prevalence and diagnosis of chronic respiratory symptoms in adults.

Littlejohns, P., Ebrahim, S., Anderson, R.

OBJECTIVE--To investigate the prevalence and diagnosis of chronic respiratory disease in adults. DESIGN--Screening questionnaire was sent to all patients aged 40-70 on the register of a group general...

Cigarette smoking in British men and selection for coronary artery bypass surgery.

Morris, R. W., McCallum, A. K., Walker, M., Whincup, P. H., Ebrahim, S., Shaper, A. G.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between smoking status, clinical need, and likelihood of coronary artery bypass grafting in middle aged men. DESIGN: A prospective study of cardiovascular disease...

Is the prevalence of coronary heart disease falling in British men?

Lampe, F, Morris, R, Whincup, P, Walker, M, Ebrahim, S, Shaper, A

OBJECTIVE—To assess whether long term trends over time in acute coronary heart disease (CHD) event rates have influenced the burden of prevalent CHD in British men.
DESIGN—Longitudinal cohort...

Serum total homocysteine and coronary heart disease: prospective study in middle aged men

Whincup, P, Refsum, H, Perry, I, Morris, R, Walker, M, Lennon, L, ...

OBJECTIVES—To examine the prospective relation between total homocysteine and major coronary heart disease events.
DESIGN—A nested case-control study carried out within the British regional...

Temperature at birth, coronary heart disease, and insulin resistance: cross sectional analyses of the British women’s heart and health study

Lawlor, D A, Davey Smith, G, Mitchell, R, Ebrahim, S

Objective: To assess the association of mean outdoor temperature around the time of birth with insulin resistance and coronary heart disease in later life.

Trends in hip and knee joint replacement: socioeconomic inequalities and projections of need

Dixon, T, Shaw, M, Ebrahim, S, Dieppe, P

Objectives: To examine trends in primary and revision joint (hip and knee) replacement in England between 1991 and 2000.

Associations of components of adult height with coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women: the British women’s heart and health study

Lawlor, D A, Taylor, M, Davey Smith, G, Gunnell, D, Ebrahim, S

Objective: To assess the associations between components of adult height and coronary heart disease (CHD) in postmenopausal women.

Systematic review of randomised controlled trials of multiple risk factor interventions for preventing coronary heart disease.

Ebrahim, S., Smith, G. D.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of multiple risk factor intervention in reducing cardiovascular risk factors, total mortality, and mortality from coronary heart disease among adults. DESIGN:...

Prevalence and risk factors for joint pain among men and women in the West of Scotland Twenty-07 study

Adamson, J., Ebrahim, S., Dieppe, P., Hunt, K.

Objective: To examine the association between three modifiable risk factors (obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption) and reported joint pain. Methods: Cross sectional data were collected on 858...

Coronary heart disease prevention in clinical practice: are patients with diabetes special? Evidence from two studies of older men and women

Emberson, J R, Whincup, P H, Lawlor, D A, Montaner, D, Ebrahim, S

Objective: To assess whether the extent of primary and secondary coronary heart disease (CHD) prevention in older British men and women differs between patients with and without diabetes.

Treatment of adult asthma: is the diagnosis relevant?

Littlejohns, P, Ebrahim, S, Anderson, R

The diagnosis and management of chronic respiratory symptoms was studied in all adults aged 40-70 years in a group general practice. A respiratory symptoms screening questionnaire was sent to 2387...

Measuring handicap: the London Handicap Scale, a new outcome measure for chronic disease.

Harwood, R H, Rogers, A, Dickinson, E, Ebrahim, S

OBJECTIVE--To develop a handicap measurement scale in a self completion questionnaire format, with scale weights allowing quantification of handicap at an interval level of measurement....

Views of survivors of stroke on benefits of physiotherapy.

Pound, P, Bury, M, Gompertz, P, Ebrahim, S

OBJECTIVE--To describe the components of physiotherapy valued by survivors of a stroke. DESIGN--Qualitative study using in-depth interviews. SETTING--Two adjacent districts in North East Thames...

Handicap one year after a stroke: validity of a new scale.

Harwood, R H, Gompertz, P, Ebrahim, S

The aim was to determine the handicap experienced by subjects one year after a stroke, and assess the acceptability, validity, and reliability of a new handicap measurement scale. A cross sectional...

Predicting stroke outcome: Guy's prognostic score in practice.

Gompertz, P, Pound, P, Ebrahim, S

This study aimed to cross validate the Guy's prognostic score in a new sample of patients of all ages admitted to hospital with a stroke and to devise and test a simpler version (the G-score). 361...

Reasons for not using condoms among the Hong Kong Chinese population: implications for HIV and STD prevention

Abdullah, A, Fielding, R, Hedley, A, Ebrahim, S, Luk, Y

Objective: To assess the prevalence and reasons for non-use of condoms among the Hong Kong Chinese population and obtain baseline data to monitor sexual behavioural change.

Association between self-reported childhood socioeconomic position and adult lung function: findings from the British Women's Heart and Health Study

Lawlor, D, Ebrahim, S, Davey, S

Methods: The associations of self-reported indicators of childhood socioeconomic position with adult lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and...

Sexual behaviour: related adverse health burden in the United States

Ebrahim, S, McKenna, M, Marks, J

As part of an analysis of the burden of disease and injury in the United States, we identified and quantified the incidence of adverse health events, deaths, and disability adjusted life years (DALY)...

Nutritional status of Laotian refugee children in Ubon camp, Thailand.

O'Sullivan, G, Ebrahim, S, O'Sullivan, J, Tafts, C

A survey carried out in May 1979 of the nutritional status of 2152 children aged 1-5 living in Ubon Refugee Camp, Thailand, showed that 165 (7.5%) probably suffered from malnutrition, using arm...

Measuring disability after a stroke.

Ebrahim, S, Nouri, F, Barer, D

A ranked activities of daily living (ADL) scale has been developed for stroke patients, on which an individual's score predicts his/her overall function ability. With an unranked scale the same total...

Use of the Nottingham Health Profile with patients after a stroke.

Ebrahim, S, Barer, D, Nouri, F

The Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) is easy to use with stroke patients and may be used with those who cannot manage more complicated mood questionnaires, such as the General Health Questionnaire...

Development and results of a questionnaire to measure carer satisfaction after stroke.

Pound, P, Gompertz, P, Ebrahim, S

STUDY OBJECTIVE--To develop a carer satisfaction questionnaire for use as an outcome measure in stroke, to test the measure for reliability and validity, and to survey levels of carer satisfaction...

Look After Your Heart programme: impact on health status, exercise knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour of retired women in England.

Rowland, L, Dickinson, E J, Newman, P, Ford, D, Ebrahim, S

OBJECTIVES--To evaluate the impact of the Health Education Authority's 20 hour Look After Your Heart health promotion course on a large group of retired women. DESIGN--Three groups of retired women...

Sexual intercourse and risk of ischaemic stroke and coronary heart disease: the Caerphilly study

Ebrahim, S, May, M, Ben, S, McCarron, P, Frankel, S, Yarnell, J, ...

Objective: To examine the relation between frequency of sexual intercourse and risk of ischaemic stroke and coronary heart disease.

Is housework good for health? Levels of physical activity and factors associated with activity in elderly women. Results from the British Women's Heart and Health Study

Lawlor, D, Taylor, M, Bedford, C, Ebrahim, S

Objective: To determine the prevalence of achieving new recommended levels of physical activity, the types of activity involved, and their determinants among elderly British women.

Geographical variation in cardiovascular disease, risk factors, and their control in older women: British Women's Heart and Health Study

Lawlor, D, Bedford, C, Taylor, M, Ebrahim, S

Objectives: To measure the geographical variation in prevalence of cardiovascular disease, risk factors, and their control in a nationally representative sample of older British women.

Performance of the WHO Rose angina questionnaire in post-menopausal women: Are all of the questions necessary?

Lawlor, D, Adamson, J, Ebrahim, S

Objective: To assess the performance of a shortened version of the Rose angina questionnaire focusing on exertional chest pain.

Birth weight is inversely associated with coronary heart disease in post-menopausal women: findings from the British women's heart and health study

Lawlor, D, Davey, S, Ebrahim, S

Objectives: (1) To assess the association between birth weight and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in a cohort of post-menopausal women, (2) to determine the combined effects of birth weight and...

Ethnic elders.

Ebrahim, S.

The numbers of elderly people from ethnic groups within Britain is rising rapidly as postwar immigrants age. Ethnic elders face problems owing to age-associated increased risks of common chronic...

Adverse socioeconomic position across the lifecourse increases coronary heart disease risk cumulatively: findings from the British women's heart and health study

Lawlor, D., Ebrahim, S., Davey, S

Objective: To examine the associations of childhood and adult measurements of socioeconomic position with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk.

Stroke patients' views on their admission to hospital.

Pound, P., Bury, M., Gompertz, P., Ebrahim, S.

OBJECTIVE--To explore which components of care were valued by patients admitted to hospital following a stroke. DESIGN--Qualitative study using in depth interviews 10 months after the stroke....

Association of birth weight with adult lung function: findings from the British Women's Heart and Health Study and a meta-analysis

Lawlor, D, Ebrahim, S, Davey, S

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the associations between birth weight and lung function in a cohort of women aged 60–79 years and to combine these results with those from other...