Feltrin, K. L., Patterson, M., Ghatei, M. A., Bloom, S. R., Meyer, J. H., Horowitz, Michael, ...
© 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Feltrin, K. L., Patterson, M., Ghatei, M. A., Bloom, S. R., Meyer, J. H., Horowitz, Michael, ...
© 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Murray, C.D.R., Martin, N.M., Patterson, M., Taylor, S.A., Ghatei, M.A., Kamm, M.A., ...
Background: Diabetic gastroparesis is a disabling condition with no consistently effective treatment. In animals, ghrelin increases gastric emptying and reverses postoperative ileus. We present the...
Feinle-Bisset, Christine, Patterson, M., Ghatei, M. A., Bloom, S. R., Horowitz, Michael
© 2005 American Physiological Society
Feinle-Bisset, Christine, Patterson, M., Ghatei, M. A., Bloom, S. R., Horowitz, Michael
© 2005 American Physiological Society
Inhibition of food intake in obese subjects by peptide YY3-36 (2003)
Batterham, R.L., Cohen, M.A., Ellis, S.M., Le Roux, C.W., Withers, D.J., Frost, G.S., ...
Background: The gut hormone fragment peptide YY3–36 (PYY) reduces appetite and food intake when infused into subjects of normal weight. In common with the adipocyte hormone leptin, PYY reduces food...
Hypothalamic neuropeptides and regulation of fat mass in prader-willi syndrome (2003)
Goldstone, A.P., Unmehopa, U.A., Thomas, E.L., Brynes, A.E., Bell, J.D., Frost, G., ...
Gut hormone PYY3-36 physiologically inhibits food intake (2002)
Batterham, R.L., Cowley, M.A., Small, C.J., Herzog, H., Cohen, M.A., Dakin, C.L., ...
Food intake is regulated by the hypothalamus, including the melanocortin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) systems in the arcuate nucleus. The NPY Y2 receptor (Y2R), a putative inhibitory presynaptic...
HAMMOND, P.J., ARKA, A., PETERS, A. M., BLOOM, S. R., GILBEY, S. G.
Most gastroenteropancreatic tumours express somatostatin receptors, allowing imaging using radiolabelled somatostatin analogues. Octreotide can be modified by coupling a DTPA moiety to the N-terminal...
Elevated plasma endothelin concentrations in heart failure; an effect of angiotensin II? (1994)
GOOD, J. M., NITHOYANNOPOULOS, P., GHATEI, M. A., CROSSMAN, D., BLOOM, S. R., CLARK, P., ...
Endothelin is a powerful vasoconstrictor that may be partly responsible for the increases in venous and arterial tone characteristic of heart failure. The release of endothelin from endothelial cells...
Pleural involvement in the carcinoid syndrome (1993)
MOSS, S.F., LEHNER, P.J., GILBEY, S.G., KENNEDY, A., HUGHES, J.M.B., BLOOM, S.R., ...
Tissue fibrosis is a recognized complication of the carcinoid syndrome but pleural changes have not been described. Prompted by the finding of severe pleural thickening in two patients with the...
Wilkie, M. E., Khandan-Nia, N., Ghatei, M. A., Bloom, S. R., Raftery, M. J., Cunningham, J.
Plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1)-like immunoreactivity was measured by radioimmune assay in predialysis plasma samples from 16 chronic haemodialysis patients (7 dialysing through arteriovenous (AV)...
MASSIVE HISTAMINE RELEASE IN A PATIENT WITH SYSTEMIC MASTOCYTOSIS (1990)
DESBOROUGH, J. P., TAYLOR, I., HATTERSLEY, A., GARDEN, A., WOLFF, A., BLOOM, S. R., ...
We have measured plasma histamine concentrations, systemic vascular resistance, cardiac output and arterial pressure during laparotomy in a patient with systemic mastocytosis. The patient developed...
HORMONAL RESPONSES TO CARDIAC SURGERY: EFFECTS OF SUFENTANIL, SOMATOSTATIN AND GANGLION BLOCK (1990)
DESBOROUGH, J. P., HALL, G. M., HART, G. R., BURRIN, J. M., BLOOM, S. R.
We have investigated the effect of the addition of somatostatin and trimetaphan to sufentanil 20 μg kg−1 on the hormonal responses to cardiac surgery and compared the changes with a control group...
DESBOROUGH, J. P., EDLIN, S. A., BURRIN, J. M., BLOOM, S. R., MORGAN, M., HALL, G. M.
We have studied the metabolic and hormonal responses to surgery, and the pain scores and analgesic requirements in 24 patients undergoing cholecystectomy, allocated randomly to three groups to...
Hara, M., Varndell, Ian M., Bishop, A. E., Aitchison, M., Rode, J., Yamada, T., ...
Three antisera to the C-terminally extended form of gastrin or the C-terminal flanking peptide of progastrin were used in an attempt to investigate the post-translational processing of progastrin at...
Savage, A.P., Matthews, J.L., Adrian, T.E., Ghatei, M.A., Cooke, T., Bloom, S.R.
The effect of daily parenteral administration of a long-acting analogue of somatostatin (SMS 201-995) on the development of intestinal tumours and the rate of crypt cell proliferation in...
ALLEN, J. M., CROSS, A. J., YEATS, J. C., GHATEI, M. A., MCGREGOR, G. P., CLOSE, S. P., ...
Neurochemical studies of post-mortem human parkinsonian brains have demonstrated specific alterations in neuropeptide concentrations within the substantia nigra and striatal structures The drug,...
Adrian, T E, Bloom, S R, Peeters, T L, Christofides, N, ...
The role of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and motilin in the regulation of the migrating motor complex (MMC) was studied in normal subjects. Both plasma motilin and PP levels changed cyclically in the...
Motilin and the interdigestive migrating motor complex in man (1979)
Janssens, J, Peeters, T L, Bloom, S R, Christofides, N D
In order to assess the possible role of the new candidate gut hormone, motilin, in controlling the interdigestive migrating motor complex (MMC) in man, 14 normal subjects were studied after an...
Gagel, R. F., Costanza, Mary E., DeLellis, R. A., Norton, R. A., Bloom, S. R., Miller, H. H., ...
A patient with watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, hypochlorhydria, and a non-beta islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas (Verner-Morrison syndrome) was found to have an elevated vasoactive intestinal...
Small, C. J., Morgan, D. G. A., Meeran, K., Heath, M. M., Gunn, I., Edwards, C. M. B., ...
Hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) is thought to be important in the regulation of feeding and also in the release of Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). Intracerebroventricular administration of NPY...
Wynick, D, Smith, D M, Ghatei, M, Akinsanya, K, Bhogal, R, Purkiss, P, ...
Structure-activity studies demonstrate that galanin fragments 1-15 and 2-29 are fully active, whereas fragment 3-29 has been reported to be inactive, in a number of different in vivo models. M15, a...
Role of neuromedin B in the control of the release of thyrotropin in the rat.
Rettori, V, Milenkovic, L, Fahim, A M, Polak, J, Bloom, S R, McCann, S M
Neuromedin B (NB), a bombesin-like peptide, was first isolated from porcine spinal cord and subsequently found in the central nervous systems of rat, cat, and human. Immunocytochemical studies have...
Glucagon-like peptide-1 is a physiological incretin in rat.
Wang, Z, Wang, R M, Owji, A A, Smith, D M, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R
Glucagon-like peptide-1 7-36 amide (GLP-1) has been postulated to be the primary hormonal mediator of the entero-insular axis but evidence has been indirect. The discovery of exendin (9-39), a GLP-1...
Giaid, A, Gibson, S J, Ibrahim, B N, Legon, S, Bloom, S R, Yanagisawa, M, ...
The localization of endothelin 1 mRNA and endothelin-like immunoreactivity was investigated in samples of neurologically normal nervous system tissue from 10 adults by using in situ hybridization and...
Sekiya, K, Ghatei, M A, Salahuddin, M J, Bishop, A E, Hamid, Q A, Ibayashi, H, ...
GAWK (chromogranin-B 420-493) is a 74 amino acid peptide recently isolated from human pituitaries. Using two different antibodies (directed against GAWK [1-17] and [20-38] fragments) GAWK-LI was...
Cloning, characterization, and DNA sequence of a human cDNA encoding neuropeptide tyrosine.
Minth, C D, Bloom, S R, Polak, J M, Dixon, J E
In vitro translation of the RNA isolated from a human pheochromocytoma demonstrated that this tumor contained a mRNA encoding a 10.5-kDa protein, which was immunoprecipitated with antiserum raised...
Kim, M.S., Small, C.J., Stanley, S.A, Morgan, D.G.A., Seal, L.J., Kong, W.M., ...
Prolonged fasting is associated with a downregulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary thyroid (H-P-T) axis, which is reversed by administration of leptin. The hypothalamic melanocortin system regulates...
Circulating somatostatin. Physiological regulator of pancreatic function?
Gyr, K, Beglinger, C, Köhler, E, Trautzl, U, Keller, U, Bloom, S R
The present study was designed to determine whether somatostatin is released into the circulation in sufficient amounts to regulate exocrine and endocrine pancreatic function and to evaluate the...
Possible evidence for endogenous production of a novel galanin-like peptide.
Wang, Z L, Kulkarni, R N, Wang, R M, Smith, D M, Ghatei, M A, Byfield, P G, ...
Galanin mRNA and peptide are not detectable in normal islets. We studied the effect of galanin antagonists on insulin secretion in the rat beta cell line, RIN5AH, and in perifused rat islets. In RIN...
Kulkarni, R N, Wang, Z L, Wang, R M, Hurley, J D, Smith, D M, Ghatei, M A, ...
Obesity is associated with diabetes, and leptin is known to be elevated in obesity. To investigate whether leptin has a direct effect on insulin secretion, isolated rat and human islets and cultured...
Beak, S A, Heath, M M, Small, C J, Morgan, D G, Ghatei, M A, Taylor, A D, ...
To examine the influence of the putative satiety factor (GLP-1) on the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis, we used GT1-7 cells as a model of neuronal luteinizing hormone- releasing hormone (LHRH)...
Smith, D M, Bloom, S R, Sugden, M C, Holness, M J
Starvation (48 h) decreased the concentration of mRNA of the insulin-responsive glucose transporter isoform (GLUT 4) in interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) (56%) and tibialis anterior (10%)....
Some aspects of neuroendocrine pathology.
The advent of modern microscopical investigative methods for the determination of neuroendocrine differentiation has increasingly given credence to the original concept of a "diffuse endocrine...
Coppock, H A, Owji, A A, Bloom, S R, Smith, D M
We have previously demonstrated specific binding sites for adrenomedullin, a novel member of the calcitonin family of peptides, in rat muscles. It is unclear whether these receptors are vascular or...
Coppock, H A, Owji, A A, Austin, C, Upton, P D, Jackson, M L, Gardiner, J V, ...
Rat-2 fibroblasts demonstrate specific binding of 125I-labelled rat adrenomedullin (KD=0.43 nM; Bmax=50 fmol/mg of protein) in the absence of 125I-labelled calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP)...
Villar, H V, Fender, H R, Rayford, P L, Bloom, S R, Ramus, N I, Thompson, J C
Five dogs prepared with Heidenhain pouches received infusions of saline, GIP and VIP before and after a standard meat meal. Blood samples were obtained under basal conditions and at subsequent...
Glucagon in Gastroenterology and Hepatology: Pharmacological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Implications
Tobin, G, Ekström, J, Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V
1. Submandibular salivary and vascular responses to stimulation of the peripheral end of the chorda-lingual nerve at 20 Hz continuously for 60 min were investigated in anaesthetized ferrets, in which...
Endocrine responses to intra-aortic infusions of acetylcholine in conscious calves.
Jones, C T, Edwards, A V, Bloom, S R
1. Adrenal responses to intra-aortic infusions of acetylcholine (4.5 nmol min-1 kg-1 for 10 min) have been investigated in conscious, functionally hypophysectomized, 3- to 6-week-old calves, in the...
Jones, C T, Edwards, A V, Bloom, S R
1. The effect of varying adrenal blood flow on the rate at which it was estimated that adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) was presented to the adrenal gland was related to right adrenal cortisol output in...
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Jones, C T
1. Effects of stimulation of the peripheral ends of the splanchnic nerves below behavioural threshold at either 4 or 7 Hz continuously for 10 min, or at 40 or 70 Hz for 1 s at 10 s intervals for 10...
Adrenal responses to calcitonin gene-related peptide in conscious hypophysectomized calves.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Jones, C T
1. Right adrenal and various cardiovascular responses to an intra-aortic infusion of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP; 4 micrograms min-1) have been investigated in the presence and absence of...
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Jones, C T
1. The extent to which the adrenal gland contributes to neuroendocrine responses to electrical stimulation of the peripheral end of the splanchnic nerve has been investigated in conscious calves in...
Adrenal cortical responses to vasoactive intestinal peptide in conscious hypophysectomized calves.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Jones, C T
1. Right adrenal and various cardiovascular responses to an intra-aortic infusion of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP; 4 micrograms min-1 kg-1) have been investigated in the presence and...
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Garrett, J R
1. The effects of continuous stimulation of the peripheral end of the ascending cervical sympathetic nerve were compared with those of intermittent stimulation, so arranged as to deliver the same...
The effects of exogenous glucose (0.05 mmol/kg . min) and vamin (0.02 mmol/kg . min) on the pancreatic endocrine responses to stimulation of the peripheral ends of the vagus nerves have been...
The effects of the adrenoceptor blocking agents, phentolamine and propranolol, on the release of pancreatic glucagon and insulin in response to exogenous glucose have been investigated in conscious...
Pancreatic neuroendocrine responses to butyrate in conscious sheep.
The role of the autonomic innervation in the control of pancreatic endocrine responses to I.V. infusions of butyrate (0.02 mmol kg-1 min-1 for 10 min) has been investigated in conscious 4-6 month old...
Release of neuropeptide Y in response to splanchnic nerve stimulation in the conscious calf.
Allen, J M, Bircham, P M, Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V
Plasma concentrations of neuropeptide Y were determined by means of a specific radioimmunoassay in the conscious calf. Significantly higher concentrations were found in the adrenal venous effluent...
Neuroendocrine responses to stimulation of the vagus nerves in bursts in conscious calves.
Adrian, T E, Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V
Effects of stimulation of the peripheral ends of the vagus nerves below the heart at 4 Hz continuously, and at 40 Hz for 1 s at 10 s intervals, have been compared in conscious calves below...
Endocrine responses to exogenous bombesin and gastrin releasing peptide in conscious calves.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Ghatei, M A
The effects of I.V. infusions of synthetic amphibian bombesin and porcine gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), at a dose of 5 pmol/kg. min for 30 min, have been investigated in conscious calves 3-6 weeks...
Andersson, P O, Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Järhult, J, Mellander, S
Vascular and motor responses in the rectum to pelvic nerve stimulation are described in the anaesthetized cat and compared with corresponding effects observed in the colon. The responses comprise a...
Andersson, P O, Bloom, S R, Järhult, J
1. The effects of stimulation of the pelvic nerves in atropinized cats at continuous, low frequencies from 1 to 16 Hz (continuous stimulation) were compared with those of stimulation at higher...
Andersson, P O, Bloom, S R, Mellander, S
The haemodynamics of erection were elucidated in the anaesthetized dog by analysing in quantitative terms the changes of penile arterial inflow, venous outflow and tissue volume during graded pelvic...
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Ghatei, M A
Effects of stimulation of the peripheral ends of the splanchnic nerves below behavioural threshold at either 4 or 2 Hz continuously for 10 min, and at 40 or 20 Hz for 1 s at 10 s intervals for 10...
Neuroendocrine responses to splanchnic nerve stimulation in bursts (at 40 Hz for 1 s at 10 s intervals for 10 min) have been investigated in conscious adrenalectomized calves, 3-6 weeks after birth,...
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Ghatei, M A
The effects of intravenous infusions of synthetic gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP; 5 pmol/kg X min) have been investigated in 3- to 6-week-old conscious calves receiving continuous intravenous...
Effects of the autonomic system on insulin release in response to exogenous glucose in weaned lambs.
1. The role of the autonomic innervation to the pancreas in mediating the release of insulin in response to exogenous glucose has been investigated in conscious weaned lambs 4-5 months after birth....
Parotid responses to stimulation of the parasympathetic innervation in bursts in weaned lambs
1. The effects of stimulation of the peripheral end of the parotid nerve in 1 sec bursts at 10 sec intervals has been investigated in weaned Suffolk lambs 3-4 months after birth.
Pancreatic endocrine function in cortisol-treated thyroidectomized calves.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Fielding, A S
1. Pancreatic endocrine function has been investigated in thyroidectomized calves given exogenous cortisol (2.0 mg.kg-1.day-1) in order to produce overt signs of diabetes. 2. Whenever this diabetic...
Blackburn, A M, Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V
1. Plasma neurotensin concentration was found to increase by between 3 and 18 pmol/l 20 min after feeding in conscious 2-6 week old calves. 2. Synthetic bovine neurotensin was infused I.V. at a dose...
1. The effects of stimulation of the peripheral ends of both vagus nerves below the heart (10 Hz for 10 min) were investigated in conscious calves 2-5 weeks after birth. 2. Stimulation was invariably...
Pancreatic endocrine responses to exogenous neurotensin in the conscious calf.
Blackburn, A M, Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V
1. Responses to neurotensin have been investigated in conscious calves 2-5 weeks after birth given continuous I.V. infusions of the peptide for 15 min (5 pmol. kg-1 . min-1). 2. In control calves the...
Developmental changes in pancreatic endocrine function in the young calf.
1. Pancreatic endocrine responses to 2-deoxyglucose (1.2 mmol/kg I.V.) known to be mediated via the autonomic innervation, have been investigated in calves 24 h after birth and the results compared...
The role of the parasympathetic system in the control of insulin release in the conscious calf.
1. The effect of atropine (0.2 mg/kg) on the release of insulin from the pancreas, in response to both exogenous and endogenous hyperglycaemia, has been investigated in conscious 2- to 5-week-old...
Effects of stimulation of the chorda tympani in bursts on submaxillary responses in the cat
Andersson, P-O., Bloom, S. R., Edwards, A. V., Jarhult, J.
1. The effects of continuous preganglionic stimulation of the chorda tympani at 2 Hz for 10 min were compared with those of stimulation at 20 Hz in 1 sec bursts at 10 sec intervals for the same...
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Järhult, J
1. The effect of somatostatin on the responses to moderate insulin hypoglycaemia and to 2-deoxyglucose has been examined in 2--3 week-old calves with cut splanchnic nerves. 2. Intravenous infusions...
1. Certain effects of stimulation of the peripheral ends of both splanchnic nerves have been investigated in unanaesthetized calves, given appropriate adrenal steroid replacement therapy. 2....
1. The effects of autonomic stimulation on the release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) from the gastrointestinal tract have been investigated in adrenalectomized claves 2-5 weeks after birth.
1. Release of VIP from the submaxillary gland, in response to stimulation of the chorda tympani, and its vasodilator action at the site of release have been investigated in anaesthetised cats. 2....
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Hardy, R N
1. The mechanisms of release of pancreatic glucagon, insulin and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) in response to hypoxia and to 2-deoxyglucose have been investigated in conscious calves 3-5 weeks after...
1. The effect of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor blockade on the release of pancreatic glucagon, in response to stimulation of the peripheral ends of the splanchnic nerves has been examined in...
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Hardy, R N
1. Pancreatic endocrine responses to ingestion of milk have been investigated in conscious unweaned calves, 3-5 weeks after birth. Passage of gastric content from abomasum to small intestine was...
Adrenal and pancreatic endocrine responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia in the calf.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Hardy, R N
1. Adrenal and pancreatic endocrine responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia, of differing degrees of intensity, have been examined in conscious, unrestrained calves 3-5 weeks after birth. 2. The outputs...
Bloom, S R, Johnson, R H, Park, D M, Rennie, M J, Sulaiman, W R
1. Six well-trained cyclists and six untrained subjects were studied during and immediately after four successive 7 min periods of exercise at 30, 45, 60 and 75% of their maximal work capacity. 2....
Adrenal and pancreatic endocrine responses to hypoxia in the conscious calf.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Hardy, R N, Silver, M
1. Pancreatic and adrenal responses to intense hypoxia have been examined in conscious unrestrained calves 3-5 weeks after birth. 2. The outputs of both cortisol and corticosterone from the right...
Endocrine responses to insulin hypoglycaemia in the young calf.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Hardy, R N, Malinowska, K W, Silver, M
1. Variations in the output of glucocorticoids and catecholamines from the right adrenal gland, in response to insulin hypoglycaemia, have been investigated in calves 2-5 weeks after birth. These...
Cardiovascular and endocrine responses to feeding in the young calf.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Hardy, R N, Malinowska, K, Silver, M
A number of cardiovascular and endocrine responses which occur during and after feeding in the unweaned calf are described. 2. There was a substantial increase in both heart rate and mean aortic...
The changes in the concentration of glucagon and insulin in arterial plasma which occur in response to splanchnic nerve stimulation have been investigated in adrenalectomized dogs, cats and sheep. 2....
The role of the sympathetic innervation in the control of plasma glucagon concentration in the calf
Bloom, S. R., Edwards, A. V., Vaughan, N. J. A.
1. The extent to which the splanchnic sympathetic innervation is implicated in the control of plasma glucagon concentration has been investigated in the young calf.
Bloom, S. R., Edwards, A. V., Vaughan, N. J. A.
1. The extent to which the autonomic innervation to the pancreas is implicated in the control of glucagon release during hypoglycaemia has been investigated in calves 3-6 weeks after birth.
State variations in supplemental security income enrollment for children and adolescents.
Perrin, J M, Ettner, S L, McLaughlin, T J, Gortmaker, S L, Bloom, S R, Kuhlthau, K
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of poverty, program generosity, and health on state variations in enrollment of children and adolescents in the Supplemental...
Remission of symptoms in carcinoid syndrome with a new 5-hydroxytryptamine M receptor antagonist.
Anderson, J V, Coupe, M O, Morris, J A, Hodgson, H J, Bloom, S R
Sandler, L M, Burrin, J M, Joplin, G F, Bloom, S R
Nine normal volunteers and 15 patients with pituitary disorders were given a combined test of anterior pituitary function using four hypothalamic releasing factors and arginine vasopressin. Rapid...
Ch'ng, J L, Anderson, J V, Williams, S J, Carr, D H, Bloom, S R
Five patients with metastatic pancreatic endocrine tumours injected a long acting somatostatin analogue (SMS 201-995) 50 micrograms subcutaneously every 12 hours and were followed up for three to six...
Long term treatment of acromegaly with a long acting analogue of somatostatin.
Ch'ng, L J, Sandler, L M, Kraenzlin, M E, Burrin, J M, Joplin, G F, Bloom, S R
Somatostatin and the dumping syndrome.
Long, R G, Adrian, T E, Bloom, S R
Infusion of somatostatin reduced the symptoms of the early dumping syndrome after oral glucose was given and also reduced the associated tachycardia and rise in packed cell volume. It inhibited the...
Decreased plasma motilin concentrations in pregnancy.
Christofides, N D, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R, Borberg, C, Gillmer, M D
Plasma motilin concentrations were measured in 37 women during the second and third trimester of pregnancy and one week after delivery. The mean plasma motilin concentrations, both fasting and after...
Release of vasoactive intestinal peptide in the dumping syndrome.
Sagor, G R, Bryant, M G, Ghatei, M A, Kirk, R M, Bloom, S R
To determine the effect of gastric surgery on the plasma vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) concentration, 13 patients with gastrectomy and seven controls were given an oral hypertonic load (200 ml...
Long, R G, Bryant, M G, Mitchell, S J, Adrian, T E, Polak, J M, Bloom, S R
During a six-year period (1973-9) 52 patients with pancreatic tumours and 10 with ganglioneuroblastomas were found to have raised plasma vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) concentrations. All...
Advanced carcinoma of the prostate: treatment with a gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist.
Allen, J M, O'Shea, J P, Mashiter, K, Williams, G, Bloom, S R
Ten patients with advanced progressive adenocarcinoma of the prostate were treated with a long acting analogue of gonadotrophin releasing hormone. Eight of these patients responded to treatment in...
Wood, S M, Ch'ng, J L, Adams, E F, Webster, J D, Joplin, G F, Mashiter, K, ...
Human pancreatic growth hormone releasing factor (GRF (1-44)) is the parent molecule of several peptides recently extracted from pancreatic tumours associated with acromegaly. A study was conducted...
Carvalho, T L, Hodson, N P, Blank, M A, Watson, P F, Mulderry, P K, Bishop, A E, ...
A systematic immunohistochemical and radio-immunological survey of the occurrence, distribution and origin of the peptidergic nerve supply in guinea-pig and rat male genitalia is presented....
Acrolein depletes the neuropeptides CGRP and substance P in sensory nerves in rat respiratory tract.
Springall, D R, Edginton, J A, Price, P N, Swanston, D W, Noel, C, Bloom, S R, ...
The mammalian respiratory tract is densely innervated by autonomic and sensory nerves around airways and blood vessels. Subsets of these nerves contain a number of putative neurotransmitter peptides,...
Gut hormones in tropical malabsorption.
Besterman, H S, Cook, G C, Sarson, D L, Christofides, N D, Bryant, M G, Gregor, M, ...
Concentrations of various gut hormones were measured after a test breakfast in eight patients with severe tropical malabsorption and 12 controls. The patients with tropical malabsorption had greatly...
Besser, G. M., Mortimer, C. H., McNeilly, A. S., Thorner, M. O., Batistoni, G. A., Bloom, S. R., ...
Growth hormone release inhibiting hormone (GH-RIH) was infused at a rate of 1·3 μg/min for 28 hours into four patients with acromegaly, two of whom also had clinical diabetes mellitus. Growth...
Life threatening thrombocytopenia in sarcoidosis.
Larner, A J, Dollery, C T, Cox, T M, Bloom, S R, Scadding, J G, Rees, A J
Somatostatin analogue treatment for malignant hypercalcaemia.
Harrison, M, James, N, Broadley, K, Bloom, S R, Armour, R, Wimalawansa, S, ...
Treatment of a malignant pancreatic endocrine tumour secreting parathyroid hormone related protein.
Wynick, D, Ratcliffe, W A, Heath, D A, Ball, S, Barnard, M, Bloom, S R
Ryder, R E, Owens, D R, Hayes, T M, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R
OBJECTIVE--To examine the traditional view that unawareness of hypoglycaemia and inadequate hypoglycaemic counterregulation in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus are manifestations of autonomic...
Hyperglucagonaemia in the surgical patient.
Russell, R C, Walker, C J, Bloom, S R
Twenty-one patients had serial samples of blood taken before, during, and after operation for the measurement of plasma glucagon, plasma insulin, and blood glucose concentrations. A significant rise...
Failure of secretin release in patients with duodenal ulcer.
The release of secretin was studied in 12 normal subjects and 23 patients suffering from proved duodenal ulceration. After infusing acid directly into the duodenum mean plasma levels (plus or minus...
Bromocriptine treatment of acromegaly.
Thorner, M O, Chait, A, Aitken, M, Benker, G, Bloom, S R, Mortimer, C H, ...
The effects of oral bromocriptine in acromegaly have been studied. A dose of 5 mg six-hourly suppressed circulating growth hormone (GH) levels in nine out of 11 patients treated for seven to 11...
Hypergastrinaemia in a peptic ulcer patient with antral gastrin cell hyperplasia.
Russel, R C, Bloom, S R, Davies, W A, Polack, J M, Reed, P I
Hypersecretion of glucagon and gastrin in severely burnt patients.
Orton, C I, Segal, A W, Bloom, S R, Clarke, J
Hyperglucagonaemia and hypergastrinaemia were observed in some severely burnt patients during their illness. Hyperglucagonaemia seemed to be related to the severity of illness rather than to the burn...
Diabetes and rhabdomyolysis. A rare complication of a common disease.
Lord, G M, Scott, J, Pusey, C D, Rees, A J, Walport, M J, Davies, K A, ...
Small, C. J., Morgan, D. G. A., Meeran, K., Heath, M. M., Gunn, I., Edwards, C. M. B., ...
Hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) is thought to be important in the regulation of feeding and also in the release of Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). Intracerebroventricular administration of NPY...
Wynick, D, Smith, D M, Ghatei, M, Akinsanya, K, Bhogal, R, Purkiss, P, ...
Structure-activity studies demonstrate that galanin fragments 1-15 and 2-29 are fully active, whereas fragment 3-29 has been reported to be inactive, in a number of different in vivo models. M15, a...
Role of neuromedin B in the control of the release of thyrotropin in the rat.
Rettori, V, Milenkovic, L, Fahim, A M, Polak, J, Bloom, S R, McCann, S M
Neuromedin B (NB), a bombesin-like peptide, was first isolated from porcine spinal cord and subsequently found in the central nervous systems of rat, cat, and human. Immunocytochemical studies have...
Glucagon-like peptide-1 is a physiological incretin in rat.
Wang, Z, Wang, R M, Owji, A A, Smith, D M, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R
Glucagon-like peptide-1 7-36 amide (GLP-1) has been postulated to be the primary hormonal mediator of the entero-insular axis but evidence has been indirect. The discovery of exendin (9-39), a GLP-1...
Giaid, A, Gibson, S J, Ibrahim, B N, Legon, S, Bloom, S R, Yanagisawa, M, ...
The localization of endothelin 1 mRNA and endothelin-like immunoreactivity was investigated in samples of neurologically normal nervous system tissue from 10 adults by using in situ hybridization and...
Sekiya, K, Ghatei, M A, Salahuddin, M J, Bishop, A E, Hamid, Q A, Ibayashi, H, ...
GAWK (chromogranin-B 420-493) is a 74 amino acid peptide recently isolated from human pituitaries. Using two different antibodies (directed against GAWK [1-17] and [20-38] fragments) GAWK-LI was...
Cloning, characterization, and DNA sequence of a human cDNA encoding neuropeptide tyrosine.
Minth, C D, Bloom, S R, Polak, J M, Dixon, J E
In vitro translation of the RNA isolated from a human pheochromocytoma demonstrated that this tumor contained a mRNA encoding a 10.5-kDa protein, which was immunoprecipitated with antiserum raised...
Kim, M.S., Small, C.J., Stanley, S.A, Morgan, D.G.A., Seal, L.J., Kong, W.M., ...
Prolonged fasting is associated with a downregulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary thyroid (H-P-T) axis, which is reversed by administration of leptin. The hypothalamic melanocortin system regulates...
Circulating somatostatin. Physiological regulator of pancreatic function?
Gyr, K, Beglinger, C, Köhler, E, Trautzl, U, Keller, U, Bloom, S R
The present study was designed to determine whether somatostatin is released into the circulation in sufficient amounts to regulate exocrine and endocrine pancreatic function and to evaluate the...
Possible evidence for endogenous production of a novel galanin-like peptide.
Wang, Z L, Kulkarni, R N, Wang, R M, Smith, D M, Ghatei, M A, Byfield, P G, ...
Galanin mRNA and peptide are not detectable in normal islets. We studied the effect of galanin antagonists on insulin secretion in the rat beta cell line, RIN5AH, and in perifused rat islets. In RIN...
Kulkarni, R N, Wang, Z L, Wang, R M, Hurley, J D, Smith, D M, Ghatei, M A, ...
Obesity is associated with diabetes, and leptin is known to be elevated in obesity. To investigate whether leptin has a direct effect on insulin secretion, isolated rat and human islets and cultured...
Beak, S A, Heath, M M, Small, C J, Morgan, D G, Ghatei, M A, Taylor, A D, ...
To examine the influence of the putative satiety factor (GLP-1) on the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis, we used GT1-7 cells as a model of neuronal luteinizing hormone- releasing hormone (LHRH)...
Smith, D M, Bloom, S R, Sugden, M C, Holness, M J
Starvation (48 h) decreased the concentration of mRNA of the insulin-responsive glucose transporter isoform (GLUT 4) in interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) (56%) and tibialis anterior (10%)....
Some aspects of neuroendocrine pathology.
The advent of modern microscopical investigative methods for the determination of neuroendocrine differentiation has increasingly given credence to the original concept of a "diffuse endocrine...
Tobin, G, Ekström, J, Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V
1. Submandibular salivary and vascular responses to stimulation of the peripheral end of the chorda-lingual nerve at 20 Hz continuously for 60 min were investigated in anaesthetized ferrets, in which...
Endocrine responses to intra-aortic infusions of acetylcholine in conscious calves.
Jones, C T, Edwards, A V, Bloom, S R
1. Adrenal responses to intra-aortic infusions of acetylcholine (4.5 nmol min-1 kg-1 for 10 min) have been investigated in conscious, functionally hypophysectomized, 3- to 6-week-old calves, in the...
Jones, C T, Edwards, A V, Bloom, S R
1. The effect of varying adrenal blood flow on the rate at which it was estimated that adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) was presented to the adrenal gland was related to right adrenal cortisol output in...
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Jones, C T
1. Effects of stimulation of the peripheral ends of the splanchnic nerves below behavioural threshold at either 4 or 7 Hz continuously for 10 min, or at 40 or 70 Hz for 1 s at 10 s intervals for 10...
Adrenal responses to calcitonin gene-related peptide in conscious hypophysectomized calves.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Jones, C T
1. Right adrenal and various cardiovascular responses to an intra-aortic infusion of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP; 4 micrograms min-1) have been investigated in the presence and absence of...
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Jones, C T
1. The extent to which the adrenal gland contributes to neuroendocrine responses to electrical stimulation of the peripheral end of the splanchnic nerve has been investigated in conscious calves in...
Adrenal cortical responses to vasoactive intestinal peptide in conscious hypophysectomized calves.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Jones, C T
1. Right adrenal and various cardiovascular responses to an intra-aortic infusion of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP; 4 micrograms min-1 kg-1) have been investigated in the presence and...
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Garrett, J R
1. The effects of continuous stimulation of the peripheral end of the ascending cervical sympathetic nerve were compared with those of intermittent stimulation, so arranged as to deliver the same...
The effects of exogenous glucose (0.05 mmol/kg . min) and vamin (0.02 mmol/kg . min) on the pancreatic endocrine responses to stimulation of the peripheral ends of the vagus nerves have been...
The effects of the adrenoceptor blocking agents, phentolamine and propranolol, on the release of pancreatic glucagon and insulin in response to exogenous glucose have been investigated in conscious...
Pancreatic neuroendocrine responses to butyrate in conscious sheep.
The role of the autonomic innervation in the control of pancreatic endocrine responses to I.V. infusions of butyrate (0.02 mmol kg-1 min-1 for 10 min) has been investigated in conscious 4-6 month old...
Release of neuropeptide Y in response to splanchnic nerve stimulation in the conscious calf.
Allen, J M, Bircham, P M, Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V
Plasma concentrations of neuropeptide Y were determined by means of a specific radioimmunoassay in the conscious calf. Significantly higher concentrations were found in the adrenal venous effluent...
Neuroendocrine responses to stimulation of the vagus nerves in bursts in conscious calves.
Adrian, T E, Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V
Effects of stimulation of the peripheral ends of the vagus nerves below the heart at 4 Hz continuously, and at 40 Hz for 1 s at 10 s intervals, have been compared in conscious calves below...
Endocrine responses to exogenous bombesin and gastrin releasing peptide in conscious calves.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Ghatei, M A
The effects of I.V. infusions of synthetic amphibian bombesin and porcine gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), at a dose of 5 pmol/kg. min for 30 min, have been investigated in conscious calves 3-6 weeks...
Andersson, P O, Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Järhult, J, Mellander, S
Vascular and motor responses in the rectum to pelvic nerve stimulation are described in the anaesthetized cat and compared with corresponding effects observed in the colon. The responses comprise a...
Andersson, P O, Bloom, S R, Järhult, J
1. The effects of stimulation of the pelvic nerves in atropinized cats at continuous, low frequencies from 1 to 16 Hz (continuous stimulation) were compared with those of stimulation at higher...
Andersson, P O, Bloom, S R, Mellander, S
The haemodynamics of erection were elucidated in the anaesthetized dog by analysing in quantitative terms the changes of penile arterial inflow, venous outflow and tissue volume during graded pelvic...
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Ghatei, M A
Effects of stimulation of the peripheral ends of the splanchnic nerves below behavioural threshold at either 4 or 2 Hz continuously for 10 min, and at 40 or 20 Hz for 1 s at 10 s intervals for 10...
Neuroendocrine responses to splanchnic nerve stimulation in bursts (at 40 Hz for 1 s at 10 s intervals for 10 min) have been investigated in conscious adrenalectomized calves, 3-6 weeks after birth,...
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Ghatei, M A
The effects of intravenous infusions of synthetic gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP; 5 pmol/kg X min) have been investigated in 3- to 6-week-old conscious calves receiving continuous intravenous...
Coppock, H A, Owji, A A, Bloom, S R, Smith, D M
We have previously demonstrated specific binding sites for adrenomedullin, a novel member of the calcitonin family of peptides, in rat muscles. It is unclear whether these receptors are vascular or...
Coppock, H A, Owji, A A, Austin, C, Upton, P D, Jackson, M L, Gardiner, J V, ...
Rat-2 fibroblasts demonstrate specific binding of 125I-labelled rat adrenomedullin (KD=0.43 nM; Bmax=50 fmol/mg of protein) in the absence of 125I-labelled calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP)...
Effects of the autonomic system on insulin release in response to exogenous glucose in weaned lambs.
1. The role of the autonomic innervation to the pancreas in mediating the release of insulin in response to exogenous glucose has been investigated in conscious weaned lambs 4-5 months after birth....
Parotid responses to stimulation of the parasympathetic innervation in bursts in weaned lambs
1. The effects of stimulation of the peripheral end of the parotid nerve in 1 sec bursts at 10 sec intervals has been investigated in weaned Suffolk lambs 3-4 months after birth.
Pancreatic endocrine function in cortisol-treated thyroidectomized calves.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Fielding, A S
1. Pancreatic endocrine function has been investigated in thyroidectomized calves given exogenous cortisol (2.0 mg.kg-1.day-1) in order to produce overt signs of diabetes. 2. Whenever this diabetic...
Blackburn, A M, Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V
1. Plasma neurotensin concentration was found to increase by between 3 and 18 pmol/l 20 min after feeding in conscious 2-6 week old calves. 2. Synthetic bovine neurotensin was infused I.V. at a dose...
Remission of symptoms in carcinoid syndrome with a new 5-hydroxytryptamine M receptor antagonist.
Anderson, J V, Coupe, M O, Morris, J A, Hodgson, H J, Bloom, S R
1. The effects of stimulation of the peripheral ends of both vagus nerves below the heart (10 Hz for 10 min) were investigated in conscious calves 2-5 weeks after birth. 2. Stimulation was invariably...
Pancreatic endocrine responses to exogenous neurotensin in the conscious calf.
Blackburn, A M, Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V
1. Responses to neurotensin have been investigated in conscious calves 2-5 weeks after birth given continuous I.V. infusions of the peptide for 15 min (5 pmol. kg-1 . min-1). 2. In control calves the...
Developmental changes in pancreatic endocrine function in the young calf.
1. Pancreatic endocrine responses to 2-deoxyglucose (1.2 mmol/kg I.V.) known to be mediated via the autonomic innervation, have been investigated in calves 24 h after birth and the results compared...
The role of the parasympathetic system in the control of insulin release in the conscious calf.
1. The effect of atropine (0.2 mg/kg) on the release of insulin from the pancreas, in response to both exogenous and endogenous hyperglycaemia, has been investigated in conscious 2- to 5-week-old...
Effects of stimulation of the chorda tympani in bursts on submaxillary responses in the cat
Andersson, P-O., Bloom, S. R., Edwards, A. V., Jarhult, J.
1. The effects of continuous preganglionic stimulation of the chorda tympani at 2 Hz for 10 min were compared with those of stimulation at 20 Hz in 1 sec bursts at 10 sec intervals for the same...
Carvalho, T L, Hodson, N P, Blank, M A, Watson, P F, Mulderry, P K, Bishop, A E, ...
A systematic immunohistochemical and radio-immunological survey of the occurrence, distribution and origin of the peptidergic nerve supply in guinea-pig and rat male genitalia is presented....
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Järhult, J
1. The effect of somatostatin on the responses to moderate insulin hypoglycaemia and to 2-deoxyglucose has been examined in 2--3 week-old calves with cut splanchnic nerves. 2. Intravenous infusions...
1. Certain effects of stimulation of the peripheral ends of both splanchnic nerves have been investigated in unanaesthetized calves, given appropriate adrenal steroid replacement therapy. 2....
1. The effects of autonomic stimulation on the release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) from the gastrointestinal tract have been investigated in adrenalectomized claves 2-5 weeks after birth.
1. Release of VIP from the submaxillary gland, in response to stimulation of the chorda tympani, and its vasodilator action at the site of release have been investigated in anaesthetised cats. 2....
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Hardy, R N
1. The mechanisms of release of pancreatic glucagon, insulin and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) in response to hypoxia and to 2-deoxyglucose have been investigated in conscious calves 3-5 weeks after...
1. The effect of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor blockade on the release of pancreatic glucagon, in response to stimulation of the peripheral ends of the splanchnic nerves has been examined in...
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Hardy, R N
1. Pancreatic endocrine responses to ingestion of milk have been investigated in conscious unweaned calves, 3-5 weeks after birth. Passage of gastric content from abomasum to small intestine was...
Adrenal and pancreatic endocrine responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia in the calf.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Hardy, R N
1. Adrenal and pancreatic endocrine responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia, of differing degrees of intensity, have been examined in conscious, unrestrained calves 3-5 weeks after birth. 2. The outputs...
Bloom, S R, Johnson, R H, Park, D M, Rennie, M J, Sulaiman, W R
1. Six well-trained cyclists and six untrained subjects were studied during and immediately after four successive 7 min periods of exercise at 30, 45, 60 and 75% of their maximal work capacity. 2....
Adrenal and pancreatic endocrine responses to hypoxia in the conscious calf.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Hardy, R N, Silver, M
1. Pancreatic and adrenal responses to intense hypoxia have been examined in conscious unrestrained calves 3-5 weeks after birth. 2. The outputs of both cortisol and corticosterone from the right...
Endocrine responses to insulin hypoglycaemia in the young calf.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Hardy, R N, Malinowska, K W, Silver, M
1. Variations in the output of glucocorticoids and catecholamines from the right adrenal gland, in response to insulin hypoglycaemia, have been investigated in calves 2-5 weeks after birth. These...
Sandler, L M, Burrin, J M, Joplin, G F, Bloom, S R
Nine normal volunteers and 15 patients with pituitary disorders were given a combined test of anterior pituitary function using four hypothalamic releasing factors and arginine vasopressin. Rapid...
Ch'ng, J L, Anderson, J V, Williams, S J, Carr, D H, Bloom, S R
Five patients with metastatic pancreatic endocrine tumours injected a long acting somatostatin analogue (SMS 201-995) 50 micrograms subcutaneously every 12 hours and were followed up for three to six...
Villar, H V, Fender, H R, Rayford, P L, Bloom, S R, Ramus, N I, Thompson, J C
Five dogs prepared with Heidenhain pouches received infusions of saline, GIP and VIP before and after a standard meat meal. Blood samples were obtained under basal conditions and at subsequent...
Cardiovascular and endocrine responses to feeding in the young calf.
Bloom, S R, Edwards, A V, Hardy, R N, Malinowska, K, Silver, M
A number of cardiovascular and endocrine responses which occur during and after feeding in the unweaned calf are described. 2. There was a substantial increase in both heart rate and mean aortic...
The changes in the concentration of glucagon and insulin in arterial plasma which occur in response to splanchnic nerve stimulation have been investigated in adrenalectomized dogs, cats and sheep. 2....
The role of the sympathetic innervation in the control of plasma glucagon concentration in the calf
Bloom, S. R., Edwards, A. V., Vaughan, N. J. A.
1. The extent to which the splanchnic sympathetic innervation is implicated in the control of plasma glucagon concentration has been investigated in the young calf.
Bloom, S. R., Edwards, A. V., Vaughan, N. J. A.
1. The extent to which the autonomic innervation to the pancreas is implicated in the control of glucagon release during hypoglycaemia has been investigated in calves 3-6 weeks after birth.
Long term treatment of acromegaly with a long acting analogue of somatostatin.
Ch'ng, L J, Sandler, L M, Kraenzlin, M E, Burrin, J M, Joplin, G F, Bloom, S R
Somatostatin and the dumping syndrome.
Long, R G, Adrian, T E, Bloom, S R
Infusion of somatostatin reduced the symptoms of the early dumping syndrome after oral glucose was given and also reduced the associated tachycardia and rise in packed cell volume. It inhibited the...
Glucagon in Gastroenterology and Hepatology: Pharmacological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Implications
Decreased plasma motilin concentrations in pregnancy.
Christofides, N D, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R, Borberg, C, Gillmer, M D
Plasma motilin concentrations were measured in 37 women during the second and third trimester of pregnancy and one week after delivery. The mean plasma motilin concentrations, both fasting and after...
Release of vasoactive intestinal peptide in the dumping syndrome.
Sagor, G R, Bryant, M G, Ghatei, M A, Kirk, R M, Bloom, S R
To determine the effect of gastric surgery on the plasma vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) concentration, 13 patients with gastrectomy and seven controls were given an oral hypertonic load (200 ml...
Long, R G, Bryant, M G, Mitchell, S J, Adrian, T E, Polak, J M, Bloom, S R
During a six-year period (1973-9) 52 patients with pancreatic tumours and 10 with ganglioneuroblastomas were found to have raised plasma vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) concentrations. All...
State variations in supplemental security income enrollment for children and adolescents.
Perrin, J M, Ettner, S L, McLaughlin, T J, Gortmaker, S L, Bloom, S R, Kuhlthau, K
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of poverty, program generosity, and health on state variations in enrollment of children and adolescents in the Supplemental...
Advanced carcinoma of the prostate: treatment with a gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist.
Allen, J M, O'Shea, J P, Mashiter, K, Williams, G, Bloom, S R
Ten patients with advanced progressive adenocarcinoma of the prostate were treated with a long acting analogue of gonadotrophin releasing hormone. Eight of these patients responded to treatment in...
Wood, S M, Ch'ng, J L, Adams, E F, Webster, J D, Joplin, G F, Mashiter, K, ...
Human pancreatic growth hormone releasing factor (GRF (1-44)) is the parent molecule of several peptides recently extracted from pancreatic tumours associated with acromegaly. A study was conducted...
Acrolein depletes the neuropeptides CGRP and substance P in sensory nerves in rat respiratory tract.
Springall, D R, Edginton, J A, Price, P N, Swanston, D W, Noel, C, Bloom, S R, ...
The mammalian respiratory tract is densely innervated by autonomic and sensory nerves around airways and blood vessels. Subsets of these nerves contain a number of putative neurotransmitter peptides,...
Gut hormones in tropical malabsorption.
Besterman, H S, Cook, G C, Sarson, D L, Christofides, N D, Bryant, M G, Gregor, M, ...
Concentrations of various gut hormones were measured after a test breakfast in eight patients with severe tropical malabsorption and 12 controls. The patients with tropical malabsorption had greatly...
Besser, G. M., Mortimer, C. H., McNeilly, A. S., Thorner, M. O., Batistoni, G. A., Bloom, S. R., ...
Growth hormone release inhibiting hormone (GH-RIH) was infused at a rate of 1·3 μg/min for 28 hours into four patients with acromegaly, two of whom also had clinical diabetes mellitus. Growth...
Life threatening thrombocytopenia in sarcoidosis.
Larner, A J, Dollery, C T, Cox, T M, Bloom, S R, Scadding, J G, Rees, A J
Somatostatin analogue treatment for malignant hypercalcaemia.
Harrison, M, James, N, Broadley, K, Bloom, S R, Armour, R, Wimalawansa, S, ...
Treatment of a malignant pancreatic endocrine tumour secreting parathyroid hormone related protein.
Wynick, D, Ratcliffe, W A, Heath, D A, Ball, S, Barnard, M, Bloom, S R
Ryder, R E, Owens, D R, Hayes, T M, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R
OBJECTIVE--To examine the traditional view that unawareness of hypoglycaemia and inadequate hypoglycaemic counterregulation in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus are manifestations of autonomic...
Hyperglucagonaemia in the surgical patient.
Russell, R C, Walker, C J, Bloom, S R
Twenty-one patients had serial samples of blood taken before, during, and after operation for the measurement of plasma glucagon, plasma insulin, and blood glucose concentrations. A significant rise...
Failure of secretin release in patients with duodenal ulcer.
The release of secretin was studied in 12 normal subjects and 23 patients suffering from proved duodenal ulceration. After infusing acid directly into the duodenum mean plasma levels (plus or minus...
Bromocriptine treatment of acromegaly.
Thorner, M O, Chait, A, Aitken, M, Benker, G, Bloom, S R, Mortimer, C H, ...
The effects of oral bromocriptine in acromegaly have been studied. A dose of 5 mg six-hourly suppressed circulating growth hormone (GH) levels in nine out of 11 patients treated for seven to 11...
Hypergastrinaemia in a peptic ulcer patient with antral gastrin cell hyperplasia.
Russel, R C, Bloom, S R, Davies, W A, Polack, J M, Reed, P I
Hypersecretion of glucagon and gastrin in severely burnt patients.
Orton, C I, Segal, A W, Bloom, S R, Clarke, J
Hyperglucagonaemia and hypergastrinaemia were observed in some severely burnt patients during their illness. Hyperglucagonaemia seemed to be related to the severity of illness rather than to the burn...
Diabetes and rhabdomyolysis. A rare complication of a common disease.
Lord, G M, Scott, J, Pusey, C D, Rees, A J, Walport, M J, Davies, K A, ...
Failure of Glucagon Release in Infants of Diabetic Mothers
Two hours after birth 30 normal infants had a fall in blood glucose of 20·6 mg/100 ml and a rise of plasma pancreatic glucagon of 50·7 pg/ml. Fifteen infants of diabetic mothers treated with...
Imaging amyloidosis in Still's disease.
Hawkins, P., Bloom, S. R., Cassar, J., Cox, T. M., Pepys, M. B., Waxman, J.
Campylobacter pylori, duodenal ulcer disease, and gastrin.
Levi, S., Dollery, C. T., Bloom, S. R., Calam, J., Cox, T. M., Hodgson, H. J., ...
Rindi, G., Grant, S. G., Yiangou, Y., Ghatei, M. A., Bloom, S. R., Bautch, V. L., ...
Expression of hormones in endocrine tumors and derived cell lines of transgenic mice carrying insulin-promoted oncogenes has been investigated by histochemical, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural,...
Localisation of endothelin like immunoreactivity in adult and developing human gut.
Escrig, C, Bishop, A E, Inagaki, H, Moscoso, G, Takahashi, K, Varndell, I M, ...
The distribution of immunoreactivity for the potent vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 was studied in adult and developing human gut using antisera to endothelin-1 (1-21) and the C terminus of big...
Jenkins, A P, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R, Thompson, R P
To investigate the enterotrophic effects of bolus doses of long chain triglycerides, two groups of eight female Wistar rats were fed identical diets with 48.2% total calories as the essential fatty...
Evaluation of a proposed technique to assess unscheduled DNA synthesis and genotoxicity.
Goodlad, R A, Lee, C Y, Alison, M R, Sarraf, C E, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R, ...
Results from a recent, new assay suggest that omeprazole, a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, is genotoxic. The principle of this assay is that the non-proliferating zone of surface gastric...
Meleagros, L, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R
Reperfusion of ischaemic intestine is characterised by an initial hyperaemia with ensuing mucosal repair. This study investigated possible roles for gut vasoactive neuropeptides and trophic peptides...
Nightingale, J M, Kamm, M A, Van Der Sijp, J R, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R, Lennard-Jones, J E
BACKGROUND: Short bowel patients with a jejunostomy have large volume stomal outputs, which may in part be due to rapid gastric emptying of liquid. Short bowel patients with a preserved colon do not...
Identification of the D1-cell as the source of human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP).
Heitz, P, Polak, J M, Bloom, S R, Pearse, A G
Immunoperoxidase positive HPP-producing cells have been examined ultrastructurally using the serial semithin-thin section technique. The features of the HPP cells were found to be identical with...
Distribution and release of human pancreatic polypeptide.
Adrian, T E, Bloom, S R, Bryant, M G, Polak, J M, Heitz, P H, Barnes, A J
A simple and reliable radioimmunoassay has been developed for a new gut hormone, HPP. In the primate 93% of the total PP was found in the pancreas with a small amount throughout the remaining...
Plasma secretin and pancreatic bicarbonate response to exogenous secretin in man.
HACKI, W H, Bloom, S R, Mitznegg, P, Domschke, W, Domschke, S, Belohlavek, D, ...
The dose response of duodenal bicarbonate production during synthetic porcine secretin infusions was studied in six healthy volunteers and related to plasma secretin immunoreactivity. Secretin was...
Effect of secretin on plasma motilin in man.
Mitznegg, P, Bloom, S R, Domschke, W, Haecki, W H, Domschke, S, Belohlavek, D, ...
Graded doses of 0-1, 0-3, 0-9, and 2-7 clinical units/kg/h of pure synthetic secretin were infused over 60 minute periods in six healthy volunteers. Duodenal bicarbonate output and pH were recorded...
Endocrine tumour in kidney affecting small bowel structure, motility, and absorptive function 1
Gleeson, M. H., Bloom, S. R., Polak, J. M., Henry, K., Dowling, R. H.
A 44-year-old woman is described with an endocrine tumour arising in the kidney. There were associated abnormalities of small intestinal morphology, motility, and absorptive function. These...
Barros D'sa, A A, Bloom, S R, Baron, J H
Somatostatin (cyclic growth-hormone release-inhibiting hormone--GH-RIH) was infused into dogs with gastric fistulae. Somatostatin inhibited gastric acid response to four gastric stimulants--insulin,...
Modlin, I M, Mitznegg, P, Bloom, S R
Motilin is found in the upper intestine of pig and man and in man is released by acid. A similar release by acid has now been found in the pig and is associated with markedly reduced immunostainable...
Royston, C M, Polak, J, Bloom, S R, Cooke, W M, Russell, R C, Pearse, A G, ...
Estimates of the G cell population were made in 24 resected human pyloric antra from counts of cells in multiple samples and from measurements of antral size. Measurements had been made previously in...
A gastrin releasing peptide from the porcine nonantral gastric tissue.
McDonald, T J, Nilsson, G, Vagne, M, Ghatei, M, Bloom, S R, Mutt, V
This paper presents evidence for the existence in extracts from porcine non-antral gastric tissue of a peptide capable of causing substantial rises of plasma immunoreactive gastrin levels in a dose...
Measurement of fasting and postprandial plasma VIP in man.
A specific radioimmunoassay has been developed capable of detecting 1.5 pmol VIP/l plasma with 95% confidence. The antisera employed reacted most avidly with whole VIP, partly with C terminal, but...
Vasoactive intestinal peptide in man: pharmacokinetics, metabolic and circulatory effects.
Domschke, S, Domschke, W, Bloom, S R, Mitznegg, P, Mitchell, S J, Lux, G, ...
Graded doses of 0.6, 1.3, and 3.3 pmol/kg/min of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were intravenously infused over 30 minute periods in four healthy volunteers and plasma VIP levels were measured...
A hormone-secreting renal tumour that affected small bowel structure, motility, and function has been described by Gleeson et al (1971). The present studies show that the large amount of...
Pharmacokinetics of pancreatic polypeptide in man.
Adrian, T E, Greenberg, G R, Besterman, H S, Bloom, S R
Pure bovine pancreatic polypeptide (PP) was infused into 23 healthy subjects at doses of 1, 3, and 5 pmol/kg/min over 60 minutes and plasma PP was measured by radioimmunoassay. During the infusions...
Distribution of the gut hormones in the primate intestinal tract.
Reliable and specific radioimmunoassays have been developed for the gut hormones secretin, gastrin, cholecystokinin, pancreatic glucagon, VIP, GIP, motilin, and enteroglucagon. Using these assays,...
Cellular localization of gastric inhibitory polypeptide in the duodenum and jejunum
Polak, Julia M., Bloom, S. R., Kuzio, Marion, Brown, J. C., Pearse, A. G. E.
Indirect immunofluorescence studies using an antiserum to purified porcine gastric inhibitory polypeptide indicate, in the gastrointestinal tract of dog and man, that this polypeptide is present in...
Secretin cells in coeliac disease
Polak, Julia M., Pearse, A. G. E., Van Noorden, Susan, Bloom, S. R., Rossiter, Mary A.
Immunofluorescence (anti-secretin), cytochemical, and ultrastructural studies were carried out on jejunal biopsies from 16 children with coeliac disease and from 17 controls with suspected...
Polak, Julia M., Pearse, A. G. E., Garaud, J-C., Bloom, S. R.
Immunohistochemical studies using an antiserum to a pure porcine vasoactive intestinal peptide, possessing no cross reactivity against the related hormones glucagon, secretin, and gastrin-inhibitory...
The role of secretin in the inhibition of gastric secretion by intraduodenal acid
The effect of intraduodenal acid on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion has been investigated in 12 normal subjects and 23 patients with chronic duodenal ulceration. Plasma secretin levels were...
Effect of vagotomy on secretin release in man.
The release of secretin by intraduodenal acid has been measured by means of a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay in 12 normal subjects, 23 duodenal ulcer patients, and 14 vagotomized patients (6 TV +...
Inhibition of secretin stimulated pancreatic secretion by pancreatic polypeptide.
Adrian, T E, Besterman, H S, Mallinson, C N, Greenberg, G R, Bloom, S R
The effect of PP on secretin-stimulated pancreatic secretion was assessed in five healthy subjects. During an intravenous infusion of BPP at a dose which produced plasma levels similar to those seen...
Gut-hormone profile in totally pancreatectomised patients.
Dammann, H G, Besterman, H S, Bloom, S R, Schreiber, H W
In eight totally pancreatectomised patients the release of the relevant gut hormones was determined after a standard test meal. Plasma levels of pancreatic glucagon were not significantly different...
Long, R G, Bryant, M G, Yuille, P M, Polak, J M, Bloom, S R
A female patient is described with a single pancreatic tumour producing vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), insulin, and pancreatic polypeptide. The initial presentation was with diarrhoea and...
Effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide and pancreatic polypeptide in rabbit intestine.
Camilleri, M, Cooper, B T, Adrian, T E, Bloom, S R, Chadwick, V S
The effects of porcine vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and bovine pancreatic polypeptide (PP) on jejunal, ileal, and colonic fluid transport were studied in the rabbit. VIP produced secretion in...
Somatostatin, gastrointestinal peptides, and the carcinoid syndrome.
Long, R G, Peters, J R, Bloom, S R, Brown, M R, Vale, W, Rivier, J E, ...
During a control infusion noradrenaline and alcohol each provoked carcinoid flushing in four of five patients and pentagastrin in two of five patients. When tetradecapeptide somatostatin was infused...
Release of motilin by oral and intravenous nutrients in man.
Christofides, N D, Bloom, S R, Besterman, H S, Adrian, T E, Ghatei, M A
Motilin is a hormonal peptide found in the duodenum and jejunum which potently influences gastrointestinal tract motility. Its role in human physiology is not yet established. After a standard...
Impaired pancreatic polypeptide release in chronic pancreatitis with steatorrhoea.
Adrian, T E, Besterman, H S, Mallinson, C N, Garalotis, C, Bloom, S R
Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) is a newly discovered hormonal peptide localised in a distinct endocrine cell type in the pancreas. PP circulates in plasma and in normal subjects levels rise...
Long, R G, Albuquerque, R H, Prata, A, Barnes, A J, Adrian, T E, Christofides, N D, ...
Plasma hormonal responses to insulin hypoglycaemia and to oral and intravenous glucose were investigated in chagasic patients with severe bowel disease and compared with controls matched for age,...
Gut hormone release after intestinal resection.
Besterman, H S, Adrian, T E, Mallinson, C N, Christofides, N D, Sarson, D L, Pera, A, ...
To investigate the possible role of gut and pancreatic hormones in the adaptive responses to gut resection, plasma concentrations of the circulating hormones were measured, in response to a test...
Svenberg, T, Christofides, N D, Fitzpatrick, M L, Areola-Ortiz, F, Bloom, S R, Welbourn, R B
The fasting output of bile into the bowel was investigated in nine healthy volunteers by hepatobiliary scanning. Subjects were studied twice, on each occasion for 2.5 hours. A significant flow of...
Jenkins, D J, Bloom, S R, Albuquerque, R H, Leeds, A R, Sarson, D L, Metz, G L, ...
Pectin has been shown to minimise the fall in blood glucose seen in patients who are troubled by hypoglycaemia attacks after gastric surgery. We therefore performed 50 g glucose tolerance tests with...
Autoantibodies to gut hormone secreting cells as markers of peptide deficiency.
Jones, H W, Lendrum, R, Marks, J M, Mirakian, R, Bottazzo, G F, Sarson, D L, ...
Autoantibodies reacting with endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal mucosa were found by indirect immunofluorescence in 22 out of 268 sera (8.2%) obtained from patients with coeliac disease, Crohn's...
Two patients with pancreatic apudomas secreting neurotensin and VIP.
Bloom, S R, Lee, Y C, Lacroute, J M, Abbass, A, Sondag, D, Baumann, R, ...
Two patients have been studied with a two and a half and nine year history of metastatic pancreatic apudoma. In both patients the main feature was chronic watery diarrhoea with remissions after...
Gut hormones in acute diarrhoea.
Besterman, H S, Christofides, N D, Welsby, P D, Adrian, T E, Sarson, D L, Bloom, S R
The gut hormone response to a breakfast meal was studied in 12 subjects hospitalised for an episode of acute diarrhoea (presumed infective) who were otherwise well and in 13 healthy control subjects....
Measurement of gut hormonal peptides in biopsies from human stomach and proximal small intestine.
Bryant, M G, Bloom, S R, Polak, J M, Hobbs, S, Domschke, W, Domschke, S, ...
Using sensitive and specific radioimmunoassays, concentrations of hormonal peptides have been measured in small biopsies taken from the human stomach, duodenum, and proximal jejunum. Comparison is...
Peptide immunoreactive nerves and cells of the guinea pig gall bladder and biliary pathways.
Cai, W, Gu, J, Huang, W, McGregor, G P, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R, ...
Using the methods of immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay, five peptides (vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), substance P, somatostatin, met-enkephalin, and bombesin) have been found in the...
Bryant, M G, Dawson, J, Bloom, S R, Peters, T J
Analytical subcellular fractionation techniques in combination with specific radioimmunoassays have been used to investigate the properties of the hormone-containing granules in human jejunal biopsy...
O'Morain, C, Bishop, A E, McGregor, G P, Levi, A J, Bloom, S R, Polak, J M, ...
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-containing nerves and VIP content of endoscopic rectal biopsies from 47 patients with inflammatory bowel disease and 17 normal controls were examined by...
The ileal brake--inhibition of jejunal motility after ileal fat perfusion in man.
Spiller, R C, Trotman, I F, Higgins, B E, Ghatei, M A, Grimble, G K, Lee, Y C, ...
The possibility that malabsorbed fat passing through the human ileum exerts an inhibitory feedback control on jejunal motility has been investigated in 24 normal subjects by perfusing the ileum with...
Peptide histidine isoleucine: a secretagogue in human jejunum.
Anagnostides, A A, Christofides, N D, Tatemoto, K, Chadwick, V S, Bloom, S R
Peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) is a newly discovered peptide from porcine intestine, which has sequence homologies with VIP, an established intestinal secretagogue. To study the effects of PHI in...
Gastrointestinal regulatory peptide storage granule abnormalities in jejunal mucosal diseases.
Dawson, J, Bryant, M G, Bloom, S R, Peters, T J
The mucosal concentrations of seven regulatory peptides and the density properties and integrity of their storage granules have been studied in mucosal biopsies from the human jejunum in eight...
Effect of peptide histidine isoleucine on water and electrolyte transport in the human jejunum.
Moriarty, K J, Hegarty, J E, Tatemoto, K, Mutt, V, Christofides, N D, Bloom, S R, ...
Peptide histidine isoleucine, a 27 amino acid peptide with close amino acid sequence homology to vasoactive intestinal peptide and secretin, is distributed throughout the mammalian intestinal tract,...
Sagor, G R, Ghatei, M A, O'Shaughnessy, D J, Al-Mukhtar, M Y, Wright, N A, Bloom, S R
The possible relationship between enteroglucagon and cellular proliferation in a rat model of intestinal adaptation after suppression and stimulation of enteroglucagon by somatostatin and bombesin...
Ferri, G L, Botti, P, Biliotti, G, Rebecchi, L, Bloom, S R, Tonelli, L, ...
VIP-, substance P- and met-enkephalin-containing innervation of the human gastroduodenal mucosa and Brunner's glands was studied by immunocytochemistry on whole mount tissue preparations. A dense...
Wood, S M, Kraenzlin, M E, Adrian, T E, Bloom, S R
Seven patients with gut and pancreatic endocrine tumours have been treated with a long acting somatostatin analogue (SMS 201-995), given as a twice daily subcutaneous injection. This produced...
Miazza, B M, Al-Mukhtar, M Y, Salmeron, M, Ghatei, M A, Felce-Dachez, M, Filali, A, ...
Beside intraluminal factors, humoral agents play an important role in intestinal adaptation. Enteroglucagon, the mucosal concentration of which is maximal in the terminal ileum and colon, is the...
Enteroglucagon and experimental intestinal carcinogenesis in the rat.
Savage, A P, Matthews, J L, Ghatei, M A, Cooke, T, Bloom, S R
To assess the association between the putative intestinal trophic hormone enteroglucagon and the development of intestinal tumours, four groups of 20 rats underwent either jejunal transection or 20%,...
Preston, D M, Adrian, T E, Christofides, N D, Lennard-Jones, J E, Bloom, S R
Motilin, pancreatic polypeptide and gastrin blood concentrations in response to drinking water have been studied in 40 patients with functional bowel disease and compared with results in two groups...
Goodlad, R A, Lenton, W, Ghatei, M A, Adrian, T E, Bloom, S R, Wright, N A
Refeeding starved rats with an elemental diet resulted in a marked increase in crypt cell production rate (CCPR) in the proximal small intestine but not in the distal regions of the gut. Little...
Savage, A P, Adrian, T E, Carolan, G, Chatterjee, V K, Bloom, S R
The effect of an infusion of two doses of peptide YY (PYY), a novel putative gastrointestinal hormone, has been assessed on mouth to caecum intestinal transit time and on the rate of gastric emptying...
Savage, A P, Gornacz, G E, Adrian, T E, Ghatei, M A, Goodlad, R A, Wright, N A, ...
The relationship between the adaptive response and plasma PYY concentrations after small bowel resection has been investigated. Seventy five per cent proximal small bowel resection resulted in a rise...
Dawson, J, Bryant, M G, Bloom, S R, Peters, T J
Jejunal biopsies from six patients having the small bowel enteropathy associated with common variable immunodeficiency have been subjected to analytical subcellular fractionation and enzymic and...
Spiller, R C, Lee, Y C, Edge, C, Ralphs, D N, Stewart, J S, Bloom, S R, ...
Mouth-caecum transit time (M-CTT) of a lactulose labelled liquid test meal has been measured in 27 coeliac patients and 10 healthy controls using the breath hydrogen technique. Although all patients...
Savage, A P, Sian, M S, Matthews, J L, Bloom, S R, Cooke, T
Small bowel resection promotes the development of colonic tumours in azoxymethane treated rats. As high faecal bile acid concentrations are associated with colonic cancer and may be altered by...
Bishop, A E, Polak, J M, Bauer, F E, Christofides, N D, Carlei, F, Bloom, S R
Galanin, a newly discovered peptide, was found throughout the gastrointestinal tract of man, pig, and rat, exclusively in nerves. The concentrations of immunoreactive galanin ranged from 3.7 +/- 0.7...
Intramural distribution of regulatory peptides in the sigmoid-recto-anal region of the human gut.
Ferri, G L, Adrian, T E, Allen, J M, Soimero, L, Cancellieri, A, Yeats, J C, ...
The distribution of regulatory peptides was studied in the separated mucosa, submucosa and muscularis externa taken at 10 sampling sites encompassing the whole human sigmoid colon (five sites),...
Spiller, R C, Trotman, I F, Adrian, T E, Bloom, S R, Misiewicz, J J, Silk, D B
Previous studies have shown that ileal infusion of partially digested triglyceride inhibits jejunal motility. The partial digest used in those studies contained a mixture of glycerol, free fatty...
Snook, J A, Wells, A D, Prytherch, D R, Evans, D H, Bloom, S R, Colin-Jones, D G
A reaction indistinguishable from the early dumping syndrome was induced in four of nine normal volunteers by intraduodenal instillation of a hypertonic glucose meal. Tachycardia and marked...
Goodlad, R A, Lenton, W, Ghatei, M A, Adrian, T E, Bloom, S R, Wright, N A
Refeeding starved rats with a fibre free 'elemental' diet increased crypt cell production rate (CCPR) in the proximal small intestine but not in the distal regions of the gut. Little effect on CCPR...
The presence of a circulating factor affecting gut growth can be surmised from the findings in gut isolated from the main food stream and not under direct nutritional influence. Thus when a Thiry...
Neary, N M, Small, C J, Bloom, S R
Obesity is a growing epidemic, causally associated with a number of serious medical conditions, including diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and several cancers. The gut hormones ghrelin and...
An infected prosthetic hip. Is there a role for prophylactic antibiotics?
Mason, J. C., Dollery, C. T., So, A., Cohen, J., Bloom, S. R., Bulpitt, C., ...
Jameson, J. L., Weiss, J., Polak, J. M., Childs, G. V., Bloom, S. R., Steel, J. H., ...
Calcitonin, a calcium-lowering hormone, has been associated with an increased incidence of nonfunctioning pituitary tumors in rats. In this study, rats were treated with calcitonin (80 IU/kg/d) for...
Somatostatin in the human heart and comparison with guinea pig and rat heart.
Day, S M, Gu, J, Polak, J M, Bloom, S R
Somatostatin has been shown to have negative inotropic and chronotopic effects and to restore sinus rhythm in some cases of cardiac arrhythmia. Using acid extracts, regions of human heart were...
Meleagros, L, Gibbs, J S, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R
Plasma concentrations of cardiodilatin, the peptide sequence at the amino terminal of the pro-atrial natriuretic peptide, in 17 normal subjects ranged from 59 to 202 (mean 118 (SEM) (9] pmol/l....
Webb, S C, Krikler, D M, Hendry, W G, Adrian, T E, Bloom, S R
Because somatostatin, a neuroregulatory peptide, is found in abundance in the atria and atrioventricular node, its electrophysiological and antiarrhythmic properties were compared with those of...
Anderson, J V, Woodruff, P W, Bloom, S R
Eleven patients with acute congestive heart failure were studied during treatment with a loop diuretic. Plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide were considerably increased before...
Chakravarty, P, Suthar, T P, Coppock, H A, Nicholl, C G, Bloom, S R, Legon, S, ...
Putative receptors for CGRP and adrenomedullin have been investigated in the rat. Calcitonin Receptor-Like Receptor (CRLR), in combination with Receptor Activity Modifying Proteins (RAMPs) is...
Palmer, J. B., Cuss, F. M., Mulderry, P. K., Ghatei, M. A., Springall, D. R., Cadieux, A., ...
In human airways synthetic human sequence calcitonin gene-related peptide (hCGRP), a novel peptide produced by alternative processing of mRNA from the calcitonin gene, caused concentration-dependent...
Turner, N. C., Power, R. F., Polak, J. M., Bloom, S. R., Dollery, C. T.
1. The presence of specific binding sites and the contractile activity of the novel peptide, endothelin have been investigated in rat trachea. 2. Endothelin (10(-8)-10(-5) M) induced long-lasting...
Anand, P., Bloom, S.R., McGregor, G.P.
1 Wheal and flare reactions are described following intradermal injections of somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P and histamine in normal human forearm skin. Bombesin failed...
Neurotensin and antinatriuresis in the conscious rabbit.
Bloom, S. R., Peart, W. S., Unwin, R. J.
The mechanism of alteration in renal sodium excretion in response to dietary changes is complex and poorly understood. A gut 'sensor' might exist which regulates the renal response and this may...
Sheppard, M N, Kurian, S S, Henzen-Logmans, S C, Michetti, F, Cocchia, D, Cole, P, ...
Lung innervation has been studied in the past by methylene blue staining and silver impregnation and more recently by histochemical methods. These techniques give only a partial picture of the total...
Sheppard, M N, Polak, J M, Allen, J M, Bloom, S R
Neuropeptide tyrosine (NPY), a newly discovered peptide known to modulate blood vessel diameter and smooth muscle tone, has been found in many mammalian organs. Its distribution is similar to that of...
Distribution of galanin immunoreactivity in the respiratory tract of pig, guinea pig, rat, and dog.
Cheung, A, Polak, J M, Bauer, F E, Cadieux, A, Christofides, N D, Springall, D R, ...
Galanin, a newly discovered peptide isolated from porcine intestine, is known to cause contraction in rat smooth muscle preparations and to induce hyperglycaemia in dogs. By the use of...
Effect of infused vasoactive intestinal peptide on airway function in normal subjects.
Palmer, J B, Cuss, F M, Warren, J B, Blank, M, Bloom, S R, Barnes, P J
Vasoactive intestinal peptide, one of the putative neurotransmitters of non-adrenergic inhibitory nerves in human airways, is a potent relaxant of human airways in vitro. Previous in vivo studies of...
Regulatory peptides in the respiratory tract of Macaca fascicularis.
Ghatei, M A, Springall, D R, Richards, I M, Oostveen, J A, Griffin, R L, Cadieux, A, ...
The quantitative distribution and localisation of seven regulatory peptides (vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), peptide histidine methionine (PHM), calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), galanin,...
Springall, D R, Bhatnagar, M, Wharton, J, Hamid, Q, Gulbenkian, S, Hedges, M, ...
Atrial natriuretic peptide is a peptide regulating salt and water balance, originally isolated from the cardiac atrium, where it is synthesised as part of a precursor molecule in specialised...
Effect of peptide histidine valine on cardiovascular and respiratory function in normal subjects.
Chilvers, E R, Dixon, C M, Yiangou, Y, Bloom, S R, Ind, P W
Non-adrenergic inhibitory nerves may have an important role in regulating airway calibre. A recently discovered peptide, peptide histidine valine, is a potent relaxer of airway smooth muscle in vitro...
Winter, R J, Davidson, A C, Treacher, D, Rudd, R M, Anderson, J V, Meleagros, L, ...
Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations, measured in samples drawn from the pulmonary artery, were raised in nine of 17 patients with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension but normal right atrial...
Anand, P, Bannister, R, McGregor, G P, Ghatei, M A, Mulderry, P K, Bloom, S R
In view of the presence of neuropeptides in spinal cord autonomic pathways, their regional concentration was studied in post mortem thoracic cord from four cases of multiple system atrophy with...
Failure to detect plasma neuropeptide release during trigeminal thermocoagulation.
Schon, H, Thomas, D T, Jewkes, D A, Ghatei, M A, Mulderry, P K, Bloom, S R
Endocrine and metabolic response in the human newborn to first feed of breast milk.
Aynsley-Green, A, Bloom, S R, Williamson, D H, Turner, R C
The hormonal and metabolic response to the first feed of breast milk was studied in 12 infants at 4-6 hours of age. After the feed there was an increase in blood glucose concentration but no changes...
Lucas, A, Bloom, S R, Aynsley-Green, A
The first feed of breast milk given to a group of 12 term infants was previously shown to increase the levels of blood glucose and plasma insulin, growth hormone (GH), gastrin, and enteroglucagon. We...
Watery diarrhoea and ganglioneuroma with secretion of vasoactive intestinal peptide.
Swift, P G, Bloom, S R, Harris, F
A young girl presenting with diarrhoea and stridor was found to have a thoracic ganglioneuroma. The tumour, which was partially resected, contained an abnormally high amount of vasoactive intestinal...
Plasma motilin, gastrin, and enteroglucagon and feeding in the human newborn.
Lucas, A, Adrian, T E, Christofides, N, Bloom, S R, Aynsley-Green, A
Plasma concentrations of motilin, gastrin, and enteroglucagon were measured in cord blood and during the first 24 days of life before feeding in 45 term and 63 preterm, healthy infants. Levels of...
Development of gut hormone responses to feeding in neonates.
Lucas, A, Bloom, S R, Aynsley-Green, A
The development of the effects of a human milk feed on plasma concentrations of motilin, neurotensin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, enteroglucagon, gastrin, and secretin were studied in 158 healthy...
Aynsley-Green, A, Polak, J M, Bloom, S R, Gough, M H, Keeling, J, Ashcroft, S J, ...
Three newborn infants are reported who developed severe non-ketotic hypoglycaemia (blood glucose less than 1.1 mmol/l; 19.8 mg/100 ml) within 6 hours of birth. All had inappropriately raised plasma...
Plasma enteroglucagon and neurotensin in infantile pyloric stenosis
Christofides, N D, Mallet, E, Ghatei, M A, Lee, Y, Bloom, S R
Plasma concentrations of gastrin, somatostatin, neurotensin, and enteroglucagon were measured by radioimmunoassay in normal 30- and 45-day-old neonates and age-matched infants with confirmed...
Plasma glucagon levels in the term human infant and effect of hypoxia
The mean plasma pancreatic glucagon level at birth in 44 normal infants delivered vaginally was 140 pg/ml. The simultaneous maternal level was 122 pg/ml which was not quite significantly different at...
Gut regulatory peptides and intestinal permeability in acute infantile gastroenteritis.
Lawson, G R, Nelson, R, Laker, M F, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R, Aynsley-Green, A
The plasma concentrations of seven gut regulatory peptides were measured in 11 infants suffering from acute gastroenteritis. Samples were taken at the time of the acute illness, upon reintroduction...
Winocour, P. H., Moriarty, K. J., Hales, C. N., Adams, J., Reeve, R., Wynick, D., ...
A 15 year old girl with a family history of type 1 multiple endocrine adenomatosis presented with reversible neurological disturbances, hypoglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia. Initial radiology was...
Neurotensin-secreting carcinoma of the bronchus.
Wood, J. R., Wood, S. M., Lee, Y. C., Bloom, S. R.
Neurotensin, a neuroendocrine peptide present in gut and brain has previously been found in pancreatic tumours secreting several other peptides. We report here the first case of a patient with a...
A unique apudoma producing the glucagonoma and gastrinoma syndromes.
Dawson, J., Bloom, S. R., Cockel, R.
A patient is described who presented with a 10 year history of intermittent peptic ulcer symptoms and a 3 year history of an undiagnosed skin rash. Investigations indicated raised plasma levels of...
Manche, A., Wood, S. M., Adrian, T. E., Welbourn, R. B., Bloom, S. R.
We present a case in which plasma pancreatic polypeptide and calcitonin were found to be raised in association with an islet cell tumour of the pancreas and its hepatic metastases. In this patient,...
Joint contractures and diabetic retinopathy.
Chapple, M., Jung, R. T., Francis, J., Webster, J., Kohner, E. M., Bloom, S. R.
It has been suggested that joint contractures may be an early marker of microangiopathy, especially retinopathy, in diabetic patients. To investigate this possibility, the prevalence of contractures...
Ghatei, M. A., Stratton, M. R., Allen, J. M., Joplin, G. F., Polak, J. M., Bloom, S. R.
A carcinoid tumour presenting as Cushing's syndrome is reported. Although no tumour mass could be initially identified the patient returned with first a liver and subsequently a cerebellar mass both...
The use of long-acting and potent somatostatin analogues is a major advance in the management of carcinoid tumours. In addition to providing effective symptom relief in malignant carcinoid syndrome,...
Bacteriological studies with carbenicillin and gentamicin individually and with the combination of these antibiotics suggest their effect to be additive in action and often synergistic. Of sixty-five...
Russel, R. C., Bloom, S. R., Fielding, L. P., Bryant, M. G.
The interpretation of gastrin release is confused because of variation in the technique of the radioimmuoassay of gastrin, the lack of a standard stimulus for the release of gastrin and diversity in...
Murray, C D R, Martin, N M, Patterson, M, Taylor, S A, Ghatei, M A, Kamm, M A, ...
Background: Diabetic gastroparesis is a disabling condition with no consistently effective treatment. In animals, ghrelin increases gastric emptying and reverses postoperative ileus. We present the...
The worsening global obesity epidemic, particularly the increase in childhood obesity, has prompted research into the mechanisms of appetite regulation. Complex pathways modulate energy balance,...
Relaxin-3 stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis
McGowan, B. M., Stanley, S. A., Donovan, J., Thompson, E. L., Patterson, M., Semjonous, N. M., ...
The hypothalamus plays a key role in the regulation of both energy homeostasis and reproduction. Evidence suggests that relaxin-3, a recently discovered member of the insulin superfamily, is an...
Amino acid infusion blocks renal tubular uptake of an indium-labelled somatostatin analogue.
Hammond, P. J., Wade, A. F., Gwilliam, M. E., Peters, A. M., Myers, M. J., Gilbey, S. G., ...
The Indium-labelled somatostatin analogue pentetreotide has been successfully developed for imaging of somatostatin receptor positive tumours. However there is significant renal tubular uptake of the...