Testing pooled sera for HCV antibody : an economic consideration (1998)
Christopher, S, Babu, P, Abraham, P, Subramaniam, T, Pulimood, R, John, T, ...
Ultrastructure of Rhizobium japonicum in relation to its attachment to root hairs.
Bal, A K, Shantharam, S, Ratnam, S
In Rhizobium japonicum strain Nitragin 61A76, morphologically distinct types of bacteria were found to occur in yeast extract-mannitol broth cultures, at both mid-log and stationary phases. Of these...
Ratnam, S, Gadag, V, West, R, Burris, J, Oates, E, Stead, F, ...
Four commercially available enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits were evaluated in comparison with the plaque reduction neutralization (PRN) test for detection of measles virus antibody. The EIA kits,...
Heterogeneity in phenotypic and genotypic characteristics among strains of Hafnia alvei.
Ismaili, A, Bourke, B, De Azavedo, J C, Ratnam, S, Karmali, M A, Sherman, P M
Hafnia alvei is an emerging human pathogen associated with sporadic cases and outbreaks of diarrhea. Bangladeshi isolates of H. alvei possess the Escherichia coli attaching and effacing (eaeA) gene...
The commercial hepatitis B enzyme immunoassay kits of Abbott Laboratories and Organon Teknika were compared for their sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility in detecting the hepatitis B...
The API ZYM system was compared with four anaerobe identification systems for the definitive identification of Clostridium difficile by using 88 cultures of C. difficile grown on Mueller-Hinton blood...
Characterization of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7.
Ratnam, S, March, S B, Ahmed, R, Bezanson, G S, Kasatiya, S
A total of 174 strains of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 representing human isolates obtained from outbreaks and sporadic cases of hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic-uremic syndrome, and nonbloody...
Latex agglutination test for detection of Escherichia coli serotype O157.
The value of a latex agglutination test (Escherichia coli O157 latex test; Oxoid Ltd.) for rapid presumptive detection of E. coli serotype O157:H7 was determined by laboratory trials and during an...
Ratnam, S, Stead, F, Head, C B
Nonspecific hepatitis B surface antigen reactions with a third-generation enzyme immunoassay (Auszyme Monoclonal; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ill.) were investigated with 9,577 serum...
Ratnam, S, Paddock, J, McDonald, E, Whitty, D, Jong, M, Cooper, R
During a 7-month period, 2,252 fecal samples submitted for routine microbiological examination from 1,621 patients were screened for Cryptosporidium oocysts by the auramine staining method with...
Optimum relative centrifugal force (RCF) and centrifugation time to concentrate mycobacteria in clinical specimens were determined by processing split samples of sputa and urines containing...
Ratnam, S, Hogan, K, March, S B, Butler, R W
An outbreak of folliculitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype O:7 occurred among the guests of a hotel in St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada, and the source of the infection was traced to the...
Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 is a recently recognized human pathogen associated with hemorrhagic colitis. Unlike most E. coli strains, E. coli O157:H7 does not ferment sorbitol. Therefore, the...
Ratnam, S, Stead, F A, Howes, M
During our attempts to reevaluate and improve mycobacteriology laboratory procedures, we found that isolation of mycobacteria from undecontaminated specimens through the use of selective media was...
To evaluate the usefulness of quantitative cultures of Gardnerella vaginalis in the laboratory determination of nonspecific vaginitis, the actual and relative numbers of G. vaginalis in genital...
Lack of efficacy of alkali treatment for isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica from feces.
Ratnam, S, Looi, C L, Patel, T R
The efficacy of KOH treatment to enhance isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica from stools containing fecal flora which is not adequately suppressed by selective media was tested by direct plating and...
Nadkarni, S, Hunt, D, Ratnam, S, Nagpurkar, A, Mookerjea, S
Incubation of rat jejunal slices in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer (KRB) required the presence of heat-inactivated horse serum (HHS) in order to show time-dependent release of sialyltransferase into...
Folate and vitamin B12 status of women in Newfoundland at their first prenatal visit
House, J D, March, S B, Ratnam, S, Ives, E, Brosnan, J T, Friel, J K
BACKGROUND: Newfoundland has one of the highest rates of neural tube defects in North America. Given the association between low maternal folic acid levels and neural tube defects, a cross-sectional...
Epidemiologic features of hepatitis B virus infection in northern Labrador.
Baikie, M, Ratnam, S, Bryant, D G, Jong, M, Bokhout, M
We studied the epidemiologic features of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in northern Labrador to determine the prevalence of the infection and to obtain a database to develop a vaccination...
Sporadic occurrence of hemorrhagic colitis associated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Newfoundland.
During a 9-month period in 1984, 113 fecal samples obtained from 92 patients with diarrheal illness were cultured for Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 to determine the occurrence of this agent in...
Lack of evidence of hepatitis D (delta) infection in Newfoundland and Labrador.
Ratnam, S, Head, C B, Butler, R W
Epidemiologic knowledge of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection is limited. A seroepidemiologic study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of the infection in Newfoundland and Labrador. Between...
Prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women in Newfoundland.
Ratnam, S, Hogan, K, Hankins, C
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women in Newfoundland. DESIGN: Anonymous unlinked seroprevalence study. SETTING: Newfoundland. PATIENTS: A total of 14911 women...
Ultrastructure of Rhizobium japonicum in relation to its attachment to root hairs.
Bal, A K, Shantharam, S, Ratnam, S
In Rhizobium japonicum strain Nitragin 61A76, morphologically distinct types of bacteria were found to occur in yeast extract-mannitol broth cultures, at both mid-log and stationary phases. Of these...
Ratnam, S, Gadag, V, West, R, Burris, J, Oates, E, Stead, F, ...
Four commercially available enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits were evaluated in comparison with the plaque reduction neutralization (PRN) test for detection of measles virus antibody. The EIA kits,...
Heterogeneity in phenotypic and genotypic characteristics among strains of Hafnia alvei.
Ismaili, A, Bourke, B, De Azavedo, J C, Ratnam, S, Karmali, M A, Sherman, P M
Hafnia alvei is an emerging human pathogen associated with sporadic cases and outbreaks of diarrhea. Bangladeshi isolates of H. alvei possess the Escherichia coli attaching and effacing (eaeA) gene...
The commercial hepatitis B enzyme immunoassay kits of Abbott Laboratories and Organon Teknika were compared for their sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility in detecting the hepatitis B...
The API ZYM system was compared with four anaerobe identification systems for the definitive identification of Clostridium difficile by using 88 cultures of C. difficile grown on Mueller-Hinton blood...
Characterization of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7.
Ratnam, S, March, S B, Ahmed, R, Bezanson, G S, Kasatiya, S
A total of 174 strains of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 representing human isolates obtained from outbreaks and sporadic cases of hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic-uremic syndrome, and nonbloody...
Latex agglutination test for detection of Escherichia coli serotype O157.
The value of a latex agglutination test (Escherichia coli O157 latex test; Oxoid Ltd.) for rapid presumptive detection of E. coli serotype O157:H7 was determined by laboratory trials and during an...
Ratnam, S, Stead, F, Head, C B
Nonspecific hepatitis B surface antigen reactions with a third-generation enzyme immunoassay (Auszyme Monoclonal; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ill.) were investigated with 9,577 serum...
Ratnam, S, Paddock, J, McDonald, E, Whitty, D, Jong, M, Cooper, R
During a 7-month period, 2,252 fecal samples submitted for routine microbiological examination from 1,621 patients were screened for Cryptosporidium oocysts by the auramine staining method with...
Optimum relative centrifugal force (RCF) and centrifugation time to concentrate mycobacteria in clinical specimens were determined by processing split samples of sputa and urines containing...
Ratnam, S, Hogan, K, March, S B, Butler, R W
An outbreak of folliculitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype O:7 occurred among the guests of a hotel in St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada, and the source of the infection was traced to the...
Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 is a recently recognized human pathogen associated with hemorrhagic colitis. Unlike most E. coli strains, E. coli O157:H7 does not ferment sorbitol. Therefore, the...
Ratnam, S, Stead, F A, Howes, M
During our attempts to reevaluate and improve mycobacteriology laboratory procedures, we found that isolation of mycobacteria from undecontaminated specimens through the use of selective media was...
To evaluate the usefulness of quantitative cultures of Gardnerella vaginalis in the laboratory determination of nonspecific vaginitis, the actual and relative numbers of G. vaginalis in genital...
Lack of efficacy of alkali treatment for isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica from feces.
Ratnam, S, Looi, C L, Patel, T R
The efficacy of KOH treatment to enhance isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica from stools containing fecal flora which is not adequately suppressed by selective media was tested by direct plating and...
Nadkarni, S, Hunt, D, Ratnam, S, Nagpurkar, A, Mookerjea, S
Incubation of rat jejunal slices in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer (KRB) required the presence of heat-inactivated horse serum (HHS) in order to show time-dependent release of sialyltransferase into...
Folate and vitamin B12 status of women in Newfoundland at their first prenatal visit
House, J D, March, S B, Ratnam, S, Ives, E, Brosnan, J T, Friel, J K
BACKGROUND: Newfoundland has one of the highest rates of neural tube defects in North America. Given the association between low maternal folic acid levels and neural tube defects, a cross-sectional...
Epidemiologic features of hepatitis B virus infection in northern Labrador.
Baikie, M, Ratnam, S, Bryant, D G, Jong, M, Bokhout, M
We studied the epidemiologic features of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in northern Labrador to determine the prevalence of the infection and to obtain a database to develop a vaccination...
Prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women in Newfoundland.
Ratnam, S, Hogan, K, Hankins, C
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women in Newfoundland. DESIGN: Anonymous unlinked seroprevalence study. SETTING: Newfoundland. PATIENTS: A total of 14911 women...
Sporadic occurrence of hemorrhagic colitis associated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Newfoundland.
During a 9-month period in 1984, 113 fecal samples obtained from 92 patients with diarrheal illness were cultured for Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 to determine the occurrence of this agent in...
Lack of evidence of hepatitis D (delta) infection in Newfoundland and Labrador.
Ratnam, S, Head, C B, Butler, R W
Epidemiologic knowledge of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection is limited. A seroepidemiologic study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of the infection in Newfoundland and Labrador. Between...
The regulation of superoxide generation and nitric oxide synthesis by C-reactive protein.
Activated macrophages utilize both reactive oxygen intermediates and reactive oxynitrogen intermediates for defence against microbes. However, simultaneous generation of superoxide (O- 2;) and nitric...
Ratnam, S, Severini, A, Zahariadis, G, Petric, M, Romanowski, B
Accurate identification of persons with genital herpes is necessary for optimal patient management and prevention of transmission. Because of inherent inaccuracies, clinical diagnosis of genital...
Goat-associated Q fever: a new disease in Newfoundland.
Hatchette, T. F., Hudson, R. C., Schlech, W. F., Campbell, N. A., Hatchette, J. E., Ratnam, S., ...
In the spring of 1999 in rural Newfoundland, abortions in goats were associated with illness in goat workers. An epidemiologic investigation and a serologic survey were conducted in April 1999 to...