Shah Ebrahim

Older men with higher self-rated socioeconomic status have shorter telomeres (2009)

Woo, Jean, Suen, Eddie W. C., Leung, Jason C. S., Tang, Nelson L. S., Ebrahim, Shah

Background: previous studies examining the relationship between socioeconomic status and telomere length showed conflicting results, one study finding shorter telomere length in subjects with lower...

Height and Site-specific Cancer Risk: A Cohort Study of a Korean Adult Population (2009)

Sung, Joohon, Song, Yun-Mi, Lawlor, Debbie A., Smith, George Davey, Ebrahim, Shah

To evaluate the association between height and risk of cancer in an East Asian, middle-income population, the authors followed up a cohort of 788,789 Koreans (449,214 men and 339,575 women) aged...

Association of the DRD2 gene Taq1A polymorphism and smoking behavior: A meta-analysis and new data (2009)

Munafò, Marcus R., Timpson, Nicholas J., David, Sean P., Ebrahim, Shah, Lawlor, Debbie A.

Introduction: Many studies have investigated the association of the dopamine type-2 receptor (DRD2) Taq1A polymorphism with tobacco use and cigarette smoking behaviors, but findings remain equivocal....

Lung function in mid-life compared with later life is a stronger predictor of arterial stiffness in men: The Caerphilly Prospective Study (2009)

Bolton, Charlotte E, Cockcroft, John R, Sabit, Ramsey, Munnery, Margaret, McEniery, Carmel M, Wilkinson, Ian B, ...

Background Increased arterial stiffness predicts future cardiovascular disease and in some cross-sectional studies it is related to worse lung function and obstructive pulmonary disease. We assessed...

Interleukin-18 Polymorphism and Physical Functioning in Older People: A Replication Study and Meta-Analysis (2009)

Thomas, Kate, Rafiq, Sajjad, Frayling, Timothy M., Ebrahim, Shah, Kumari, Meena, Gallacher, John, ...

Background Levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18) are raised in old age and are associated with reduced physical functioning. Previous studies have indicated that the C allele...

TAS2R38 (phenylthiocarbamide) haplotypes, coronary heart disease traits, and eating behavior in the British Women’s Heart and Health Study 1–4 (2008)

Nic J Timpson, Mikkel Christensen, Debbie A Lawlor, Tom R Gaunt, Ian N Day, Shah Ebrahim, ...

Background: Variation in the perception of bitter tastes has been associated with eating behavior, body composition, and cardiovascular disease. Recent observations have implicated 2 common...

EDITORIAL STATEMENT Make it HuGE: human genome epidemiology reviews, population health, and the IJE (2008)

George Davey Smith, Marta Gwinn, Shah Ebrahim, Lyle J Palmer, Muin J Khoury

scientific evidence that can ultimately form the basis of strategies for improving population health. Hence, the IJE would be expected to remain cautious about the technological advances heralded by...

Making decisions about simple interventions: older people's use of walking aids (2007)

Gooberman-Hill, Rachael, Ebrahim, Shah

Background: walking difficulty is common in old age. Simple and inexpensive interventions, such as walking aids, provide considerable assistance. However, older people's views on walking aids are...

Quality of life among older people with poor functioning. The influence of perceived control over life (2007)

Bowling, Ann, Seetai, Sharon, Morris, Richard, Ebrahim, Shah

Objective: to investigate the apparently incongruous coupling of poor physical functioning with high QoL. Study design and setting: face-to-face interview survey of random sample of 999 people aged...

Prevalence and functionality of paucimorphic and private MC4R mutations in a large, unselected European British population, scanned by meltMADGE (2007)

Alharbi, Khalid K., Spanakis, Emmanuel, Tan, Karen, Smith, Matt J., Aldahmesh, Mohammed A., O'Dell, Sandra D., ...

Identification of unknown mutations has remained laborious, expensive, and only viable for studies of selected cases. Population-based "reference ranges" of rarer sequence diversity are not...

Socio-economic position and the use of preventive health care in older British women: a cross-sectional study using data from the British Women's Heart and Health Study cohort (2007)

Patel, Rita, Lawlor, Debbie A., Ebrahim, Shah

Background. Socio-economic inequalities in health may be due to differential uptake of preventive and therapeutic medical services. Objectives. To examine socio-economic position and self-reported...

Adult Blood Pressure and Climate Conditions in Infancy: A Test of the Hypothesis that Dehydration in Infancy Is Associated with Higher Adult Blood Pressure (2006)

Lawlor, Debbie A., Davey Smith, George, Mitchell, Richard, Ebrahim, Shah

The authors hypothesized that individuals born in the early 20th century who experienced the hottest and driest summers during infancy would be more likely to have suffered severe infant diarrhea and...

Informal care at times of change in health and mobility: a qualitative study (2006)

Gooberman-Hill, Rachael, Ebrahim, Shah

Introduction: relationships between people with health problems and their partners, families and friends are usually described as ‘informal care’. Using a qualitative examination of older...

Socio-economic position and the use of preventive health care in older British women: a cross-sectional study using data from the British Women's Heart and Health Study cohort (2006)

Patel, Rita, Lawlor, Debbie A, Ebrahim, Shah

Background. Socio-economic inequalities in health may be due to differential uptake of preventive and therapeutic medical services. Objectives. To examine socio-economic position and self-reported...

The association of oestrogen receptor {alpha}-haplotypes with cardiovascular risk factors in the British Women's Heart and Health Study (2006)

Lawlor, Debbie A., Timpson, Nick, Ebrahim, Shah, Day, Ian NM, Smith, George Davey

Aims One previous study among women with established coronary heart disease found a gene-treatment interaction between the oestrogen receptor gene (ESR1) and hormone replacement in their association...

The association of oestrogen receptor {alpha}-haplotypes with cardiovascular risk factors in the British Women's Heart and Health Study (2006)

Lawlor, Debbie A., Timpson, Nick, Ebrahim, Shah, Day, Ian N.M., Smith, George Davey

Aims One previous study among women with established coronary heart disease found a gene–treatment interaction between the oestrogen receptor gene (ESR1) and hormone replacement in their...

Informal care at times of change in health and mobility: a qualitative study (2006)

Gooberman-hill, Rachael, Ebrahim, Shah

Introduction: Relationships between people with health problems and their partners, families and friends are usually described as ‘informal care’. Using a qualitative examination of older...

Socio-economic position and the use of preventive health care in older British women: a cross-sectional study using data from the British Women's Heart and Health Study cohort (2006)

Patel, Rita, Lawlor, Debbie A, Ebrahim, Shah

Background. Socio-economic inequalities in health may be due to differential uptake of preventive and therapeutic medical services. Objectives. To examine socio-economic position and self-reported...

The Associations of Physical Activity and Adiposity with Alanine Aminotransferase and Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (2005)

Lawlor, Debbie A., Sattar, Naveed, Smith, George Davey, Ebrahim, Shah

The mechanisms linking obesity and inactivity to diabetes mellitus are unclear. Recent studies have shown associations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) with...

Mutation scanning by meltMADGE: Validations using BRCA1 and LDLR, and demonstration of the potential to identify severe, moderate, silent, rare, and paucimorphic mutations in the general population (2005)

Alharbi, Khalid K., Aldahmesh, Mohammed A., Spanakis, Emmanuel, Haddad, Lema, Whittall, Roslyn A., Chen, Xiao-he, ...

We have developed a mutation-scanning approach suitable for whole population screening for unknown mutations. The method, meltMADGE, combines thermal ramp electrophoresis with MADGE to achieve...

Associations of Parental, Birth, and Early Life Characteristics With Systolic Blood Pressure at 5 Years of Age: Findings From the Mater-University Study of Pregnancy and Its Outcomes (2004)

Lawlor, Debbie A., Najman, Jake M., Sterne, Jonathan, Williams, Gail M., Ebrahim, Shah, Smith, George Davey

Background-We examined the associations of a range of parental and early life characteristics with systolic blood pressure at 5 years of age. Methods and Results-Information from 3864 children who...

Exercise-based rehabilitation for coronary heart disease (2004)

Jolliffe, Judith, Rees, Karen, Taylor, Rod R. S., Thompson, David R., Oldridge, Neil, Ebrahim, Shah

Background The burden of cardiovascular disease world-wide is one of great concern to patients and health care agencies alike. Cardiac rehabilitation aims to restore patients with heart disease to...

Exercise-based rehabilitation for patients with coronary heart disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2004)

Taylor, Rod S., Brown, Allan, Ebrahim, Shah, Jolliffe, Judith, Noorani, Hussein, Rees, Karen, ...

Purpose To review the effectiveness of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was...

Chronic diseases, locomotor activity limitation and social participation in older women: cross sectional survey of British Women's Heart and Health Study (2004)

Adamson, Joy, Lawlor, Debbie A., Ebrahim, Shah

Objectives: to examine the association of chronic degenerative diseases with locomotor activity limitation and social participation among older British women. Methods: cross-sectional survey of 4,286...

The challenge of secondary prevention for coronary heart disease in older patients: findings from the British Women's Heart and Health Study and the British Regional Heart Study (2004)

Lawlor, Debbie A, Whincup, Peter, Emberson, Jonathan R, Rees, Karen, Walker, Mary, Ebrahim, Shah

Background. Secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) among older individuals is associated with considerable benefit. Methods. In this study, we have examined the extent of secondary...

Evaluating the impact of population and high-risk strategies for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2004)

Emberson, Jonathan, Whincup, Peter, Morris, Richard, Walker, Mary, Ebrahim, Shah

Aims To estimate the potential effectiveness of different “high-risk” and “population” approaches to the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in middle-aged British men, after...

(Mis)use of Factor Analysis in the Study of Insulin Resistance Syndrome (2004)

Lawlor, Debbie A., Ebrahim, Shah, May, Margaret, Davey Smith, George

Over the last decade, factor analysis has been used increasingly to describe patterns of simultaneous occurrence of the central components of the insulin resistance syndrome. In this paper, the...

Shaving, Coronary Heart Disease, and Stroke: The Caerphilly Study (2003)

Ebrahim, Shah, Smith, George Davey, May, Margaret, Yarnell, John

The relation between frequency of shaving and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality, coronary heart disease, and stroke events was investigated in a cohort of 2,438 men aged 45–59 years....

Long-standing and limiting long-standing illness in older people: associations with chronic diseases, psychosocial and environmental factors (2003)

Ayis, Salma, Gooberman-Hill, Rachael, Ebrahim, Shah

Objective: to examine the associations between domains of chronic diseases, social, psychological and environmental factors and long‐standing and limiting long‐standing illness among...

Disability-free life expectancy of elderly people in a population undergoing demographic and epidemiologic transition (2003)

Jitapunkul, Sutthichai, Kunanusont, Chaiyos, Phoolcharoen, Wiput, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Ebrahim, Shah

Background: the major purpose of health and social policy in old age is to increase quality of life of elderly people. In many demographically developing countries, life expectancy is increasing...

Is There a Sex Difference in the Association between Birth Weight and Systolic Blood Pressure in Later Life? Findings from a Meta-Regression Analysis (2002)

Lawlor, Debbie A., Ebrahim, Shah, Davey Smith, George

The aim of this study was to determine whether a sex difference exists in the association between birth weight and systolic blood pressure. A meta-analysis of all observational studies (n =...

Agreement between measured and self-reported weight in older women. Results from the British Women's Heart and Health Study (2002)

Lawlor, Debbie Anne, Bedford, Carol, Taylor, Mark, Ebrahim, Shah

Background: previous studies of the accuracy of self‐reported weight have been criticised for using inadequate methods and have included only young or middle aged adults. Self‐report...

Variability of Angina Symptoms and the Risk of Major Ischemic Heart Disease Events (2001)

Lampe, Fiona C., Whincup, Peter H., Shaper, A. Gerald, Wannamethee, S. Goya, Walker, Mary, Ebrahim, Shah

Variability of angina symptoms over a 5-year period was examined in a prospective study, in which 7,109 British middle-aged men completed two chest pain questionnaires, Q1 (1978–1980) and Q5...

Locomotor disability in a cohort of British men: the impact of lifestyle and disease (2000)

Ebrahim, Shah, Wannamethee, S Goya, Whincup, Peter, Walker, Mary, Shaper, A Gerald

Background Increasing life expectancy has brought public health concern about the increase in prevalence of disability in old age. Reducing the prevalence of disability in older age requires the...

Cost-effectiveness of stroke prevention (2000)

Ebrahim, Shah

Stroke is a preventable disease and there are several interventions that might have an important role in reducing the burden of disease. Economic appraisal of these different interventions is...

Lowering blood pressure: a systematic review of sustained effects of non-pharmacological interventions (1998)

Ebrahim, Shah, Smith, George Davey

Background Risk factors for raised blood pressure include obesity, physical inactivity, high dietary salt intake, stress, and high alcohol consumption. Much less is known about the effects on blood...

A comparison of mental health among minority ethnic elders and whites in East and North London (1998)

SILVEIRA, ELLEN R. T., EBRAHIM, SHAH

Objective: minority ethnic groups, particularly elderly people, reported substantially more limiting long-term illness than the white population in the 1991 UK census. We aimed to compare the levels...

Associations between diagnoses, impairments, disability and handicap in a population of elderly people (1998)

Harwood, Rowan H, Prince, Martin, Mann, Anthony, Ebrahim, Shah

Background ‘Handicap’ is the disadvantage for an individual that results from ill-health. It represents an important outcome in chronic disabling disease, but has proved difficult to measure...

The prevalence of diagnoses, impairments, disabilities and handicaps in a population of elderly people living in a defined geographical area: the Gospel Oak project (1998)

HARWOOD, ROWAN H., PRINCE, MARTIN J., MANN, ANTHONY H., EBRAHIM, SHAH

Objective: to measure the prevalence of impairments, disabilities and handicaps in a geographically-defined elderly population. Design: cross-sectional analysis of an interview survey. Setting: a...

Randomized placebo-controlled trial of brisk walking in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis (1997)

Ebrahim, Shah, Thompson, Paul W., Baskaran, Vermala, Evans, Kathy

Objective: to evaluate the effects of brisk walking on bone mineral density in women who had suffered an upper limb fracture. Design: randomized placebo-controlled trial. Assessments of bone mineral...

Gamma-glutamyltransferase: Determinants and Association with Mortality from Ischemic Heart Disease and All Causes (1995)

Wannamethee, Goya, Ebrahim, Shah, Gerald Shaper, A.

The association of serum levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) with cardiovascular disease risk factors, and with mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and non-cardiovascular...

Marital Status, Change in Marital Status, and Mortality in Middle-aged British Men (1995)

Ebrahim, Shah, Wannamethee, Goya, McCallum, Alison, Walker, Mary, Shaper, A. G.

The effects of marital status and change in marital status on mortality among middle-aged British men were examined in a prospective cohort study, the British Regional Heart Study. This is a...

How Useful are Non-random Comparisons of Outcomes and Quality of Care in Purchasing Hospital Stroke Services? (1995)

GOMPERTZ, PATRICK, POUND, PANDORA, BRIFFA, JOHANNA, EBRAHIM, SHAH

We performed a prospective observational study using a stroke register, case-note review and survey of carers with 6 months of follow-up in two adjacent health districts in East London. District 1...

Mental Health and Health Status of Elderly Bengalis and Somalis in London (1995)

SILVEIRA, ELLEN, EBRAHIM, SHAH

A semi-structured questionnaire on mental and physical health including a Life Satisfaction Index (LSI) and a scale of Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression (SAD) was administered in appropriate...

The Meaning of Activities of Daily Living in a Thai Elderly Population: Development of a New Index (1994)

JITAPUNKUL, SUTTHICHAI, KAMOLRATANAKUL, PIROM, EBRAHIM, SHAH

Activities of daily living (ADL) of 703 Thai elderly pepole (aged 60+years) living in a Bangkok slum community were studied with the aims of describing the prevalence of disability, considering...

Development and Reliability of the Royal College of Physicians Stroke Audit Form (1994)

GOMPERTZ, PATRICK, DENNIS, MARTIN, HOPKINS, ANTHONY, EBRAHIM, SHAH

This article reports the development of an audit form for assessing the quality of stroke care from medical records. A consensus conference to define standards was followed by testing of pilot...

Assessing the Effectiveness of Audit in Long-stay Hospital Care for Elderly People (1994)

HARWOOD, ROWAN H., EBRAHIM, SHAH

We wished to assess the impact of an audit package (the Royal College of Physicians CARE scheme) on outcomes in institutional care for elderly people. We compared patients in audited and unaudited...

Health Care for Elderly People in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Thailand (1993)

JITAPUNKUL, SUTTHICHAI, BUNNAG, SRICHITRA, EBRAHIM, SHAH

The elderly populations of many developing countries are increasing rapidly. These demographic changes are a direct result of the success of socio-economic development that has led to declines in...

Assessing the effects of a health promotion programme for elderly people (1992)

Ebrahim, Shah, Williams, Jude

Physical exercise is an increasingly popular health promotion activity for elderly people, although evidence of its effectiveness is limited. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the exercise component...

Is Relocation Harmful to Institutionalized Elderly People? (1992)

HARWOOD, ROWAN H., EBRAHIM, SHAH

One hundred and one elderly continuing-care residents were relocated, from a hospital which closed, to new or refurbished accommodation at another hospital. Barthel and CAPE scores were used to...

The Valuation of States of III-health: the Impact of Age and Disability (1991)

EBRAHIM, SHAH, BRITTIS, SARAJANE, WU, ALEX

The effects of age and disability on valuations of health states used in deriving QALYs have not been examined. We compared the valuations of seven states of immobility and pain given by 88 subjects...

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Nursing Home and Long-stay Geriatric Ward Care for Elderly People (1991)

BOWLING, ANN, FORMBY, JULIET, GRANT, KENNETH, EBRAHIM, SHAH

This paper reports outcome data on mental and physical ability levels, mortality and accident rates, from a randomized controlled trial evaluating health authority funded nursing home and long-stay...

The Abbreviated Mental Test: Its Use and Validity (1991)

JITAPUNKUL, SUTTHICHAI, PILLAY, ISWERI, EBRAHIM, SHAH

The validity of the Abbreviated Mental Test was demonstrated by comparison with final clinical diagnoses in a consecutive sample of 168 patients admitted with acute illness to a department of health...

Prevalence and Severity of Morbidity Among Gujarati Asian Elders: a Controlled Comparison (1991)

EBRAHIM, SHAH, PATEL, NILA, COATS, MARIA, GREIG, CAROLYN, GILLEY, JUDY, BANGHAM, CELIA, ...

Asian elders make relatively heavy use of health services: this may be due to higher levels of morbidity, but controlled comparisons have not been carried out. A comparison of the prevalence and...

CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBJECTIVE INSOMNIA IN THE ELDERLY LIVING AT HOME (1988)

MORGAN, KEVIN, DALLOSSO, HELEN, EBRAHIM, SHAH, ARIE, TOM, FENTEM, P. H.

Profiles of sleeping habits, subjective sleep quality, and mental and physical well-being were obtained from 1023 elderly individuals randomly sampled from the Nottinghamshire Family Practitioner...

ELDERLY IMMIGRANTS--A DISADVANTAGED GROUP? (1987)

EBRAHIM, SHAH, SMITH, CHRISTOPHER, GIGGS, JOHN

Asian, Caribbean and British born Nuttingham hospital discharge rates of people of pensionable age for a variety of diagnoses and elective surgery were compared. No evidence of under-utilization of...

COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AFTER STROKE (1985)

EBRAHIM, SHAH, NOURI, FIONA, BARER, DAVID

Cognitive ability was assessed in a consecutive series of 189 six-month survivors of an acute stroke. Twenty-two patients were cognitively impaired at six months. Amongst 10 patients whose cognitive...

Editor's Choice: Shock and awe: waking the dead (0000)

Ebrahim , Shah

Paranoia, for the exile, is a pre-requisite of survival’ says Salman Rushdie in the Satanic Verses.1 Mental health is the theme of this issue in which Veling and colleagues2 show a graded...

Shock and awe: waking the dead (0000)

Ebrahim , Shah

‘Paranoia, for the exile, is a pre-requisite of survival’ says Salman Rushdie in the Satanic Verses.1 Mental health is the theme of this issue in which Veling and colleagues2 show a graded...

Uses of epidemiology, ways of living and dying (0000)

Ebrahim , Shah

If you only read one thing in this issue, make it Jerry Morris\'s 1955 British Medical Journal paper ‘Uses of Epidemiology’ reprinted in this issue 1. But before you start, try writing down as...

Uses of epidemiology, ways of living and dying

Ebrahim , Shah

If you only read one thing in this issue, make it Jerry Morris's 1955 British Medical Journal paper ‘Uses of Epidemiology’ reprinted in this issue 1. But before you start, try writing down as many...

Editor's Choice: Shock and awe: waking the dead

Ebrahim , Shah

Paranoia, for the exile, is a pre-requisite of survival’ says Salman Rushdie in the Satanic Verses.1 Mental health is the theme of this issue in which Veling and colleagues2 show a graded...

Shock and awe: waking the dead

Ebrahim , Shah

‘Paranoia, for the exile, is a pre-requisite of survival’ says Salman Rushdie in the Satanic Verses.1 Mental health is the theme of this issue in which Veling and colleagues2 show a graded...

WHO study on Prevention of REcurrences of Myocardial Infarction and StrokE (WHO-PREMISE).

Mendis, Shanthi, Abegunde, Dele, Yusuf, Salim, Ebrahim, Shah, Shaper, Gerry, Ghannem, Hassen, ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent of secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS: A descriptive...

Genome-Wide Association Scan Meta-Analysis Identifies Three Loci Influencing Adiposity and Fat Distribution

Lindgren, Cecilia M., Heid, Iris M., Randall, Joshua C., Lamina, Claudia, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Qi, Lu, ...

To identify genetic loci influencing central obesity and fat distribution, we performed a meta-analysis of 16 genome-wide association studies (GWAS, N = 38,580) informative for adult waist...