Shozo Fujioka

Function of the {alpha} Subunit of Rice Heterotrimeric G Protein in Brassinosteroid Signaling (2009)

Oki, Katsuyuki, Inaba, Noriko, Kitagawa, Kanako, Fujioka, Shozo, Kitano, Hidemi, Fujisawa, Yukiko, ...

The α subunit of plant heterotrimeric G proteins (Gα) plays pivotal roles in multiple aspects of development and responses to plant hormones. Recently, several lines of evidence have shown that Gα...

Shooting control by brassinosteroids: metabolomic analysis and effect of brassinazole on Malus prunifolia, the Marubakaido apple rootstock (2009)

Pereira-Netto, Adaucto B., Roessner, Ute, Fujioka, Shozo, Bacic, Antony, Asami, Tadao, Yoshida, Shigeo, ...

To help unravel the role of brassinosteroids (BRs) in the control of shooting, we treated the shoots of Marubakaido apple rootstock (Malus prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh cv. Marubakaido) with brassinolide...

Involvement of C-22-Hydroxylated Brassinosteroids in Auxin-Induced Lamina Joint Bending in Rice (2009)

Nakamura, Ayako, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Tsujimoto, Masafumi, Kitano, Hidemi, Yoshida, Shigeo, ...

The rice lamina joint is ideal material for investigating the activity of brassinosteroids (BRs) and auxin because of its high sensitivity to these compounds. Using a series of rice BR biosynthetic...

A Double Mutant for the CYP85A1 and CYP85A2 Genes of Arabidopsis Exhibits a Brassinosteroid Dwarf Phenotype (2008)

Kwon, Mi, Fujioka, Shozo, Jeon, Ji Hyun, Kim, Ho Bang, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, ...

Brassinosteroid (BR)-6-oxidases mediate the bridge reactions that connect the late and early C-6 oxidation pathways by converting 6-deoxoBR to 6-oxoBRs. Two similar genes of Arabidopsis, CYP85A1...

An Arabidopsis short root and dwarfism Mutant Defines a Novel Locus That Mediates Both Cell Division and Elongation (2008)

Lee, Hyun-Kyung, Kwon, Mi, Jeon, Ji-Hyun, Fujioka, Shozo, Kim, Ho-Bang, Park, So-Young, ...

Arabidopsis leaf morphology is determined by the coordinated action of cell division and elongation. Of all the hormones that control leaf shape, the brassinosteroids (BRs) are active components in...

Co-Regulation of Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis-Related Genes During Xylem Cell Differentiation (2007)

Yamamoto, Ryo, Fujioka, Shozo, Iwamoto, Kuninori, Demura, Taku, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, ...

To understand the regulatory mechanisms of brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis in specific plant developmental processes, we first investigated the accumulation profiles of BRs and sterols in xylem...

Ectopic endoreduplication caused by sterol alteration results in serrated petals in Arabidopsis (2005)

Hase, Yoshihiro, Fujioka, Shozo, Yoshida, Shigeo, Sun, Guoqing, Umeda, Masaaki, Tanaka, Atsushi

The Arabidopsis frill1 (frl1) mutant, that has serrated petals and sepals but no other large changes in plant morphology, was studied. The frl1 had a mutation in STEROL METHYLTRANSFERASE 2 and an...

Identification of a Novel Factor, Vanillyl Benzyl Ether, Which Inhibits Somatic Embryogenesis of Japanese Larch (Larix leptolepis Gordon) (2005)

Umehara, Mikihisa, Ogita, Shinjiro, Sasamoto, Hamako, Koshino, Hiroyuki, Asami, Tadao, Fujioka, Shozo, ...

In contrast to angiosperms, some gymnosperms form well-developed suspensors in somatic embryogenesis. This characteristic makes it easy to study suspensor biology. In cultures with high cell...

Ectopic endoreduplication caused by sterol alteration results in serrated petals in Arabidopsis (2005)

Hase, Yoshihiro, Fujioka, Shozo, Yoshida, Shigeo, Sun, Guoqing, Umeda, Masaaki, Tanaka, Atsushi

The Arabidopsis frill1 (frl1) mutant, that has serrated petals and sepals but no other large changes in plant morphology, was studied. The frl1 had a mutation in STEROL METHYLTRANSFERASE 2 and an...

Identification of a Novel factor, Vanillyl Benzyl Ether, Which Inhibits Somatic Embryogenesis of Japanese Larch (Larix leptolepis Gordon) (2005)

Umehara, Mikihisa, Ogita, Shinjiro, Sasamoto, Hamako, Koshino, Hiroyuki, Asami, Tadao, Fujioka, Shozo, ...

In contrast to angiosperms, some gymnosperms form well-developed suspensors in somatic embryogenesis. This characteristic makes it easy to study suspensor biology. In cultures with high cell...

Ectopic endoreduplication caused by sterol alteration results in serrated petals in Arabidopsis (2005)

Hase, Yoshihiro, Fujioka, Shozo, Yoshida, Shigeo, Sun, Guoqing, Umeda, Masaaki, Tanaka, Atsushi

The Arabidopsis frill1 (frl1) mutant, that has serrated petals and sepals but no other large changes in plant morphology, was studied. The frl1 had a mutation in STEROL METHYLTRANSFERASE 2 and an...

Identification of a Novel Factor, Vanillyl Benzyl Ether, Which Inhibits Somatic Embryogenesis of Japanese Larch (Larix leptolepis Gordon) (2005)

Umehara, Mikihisa, Ogita, Shinjiro, Sasamoto, Hamako, Koshino, Hiroyuki, Asami, Tadao, Fujioka, Shozo, ...

In contrast to angiosperms, some gymnosperms form well-developed suspensors in somatic embryogenesis. This characteristic makes it easy to study suspensor biology. In cultures with high cell...

Activation of cell proliferation by brassinolide application in tobacco BY-2 cells: effects of brassinolide on cell multiplication, cell-cycle-related gene expression, and organellar DNA contents (2003)

Miyazawa, Yutaka, Nakajima, Naoko, Abe, Tomoko, Sakai, Atsushi, Fujioka, Shozo, Kawano, Shigeyuki, ...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal phytohormones that are essential for many processes in plant growth and development, such as cell expansion, vascular differentiation, and responses to stress....

Brassinosteroid-6-oxidases from Arabidopsis and tomato catalyze multiple C-6 oxidations in brassinosteroid biosynthesis (2001)

Shimada, Yukihisa, Fujioka, Shozo, Miyauchi, Narumasa, Kushiro, Masayo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Nomura, Takahito, ...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal plant hormones that are essential for growth and development. It has been proposed that BRs are synthesized via two parallel pathways, the early and late C-6...

Conversion of Lysine to L-Pipecolic Acid Induces Flowering in Lemna paucicostata 151 (1997)

Fujioka, Shozo, Sakurai, Akira

The natural occurrence of L-pipecolic acid and conversion of lysine to L-pipecolic acid in Lemna paucicostata 151 were demonstrated definitively by GC-MS. The strong flower-inducing activity of...

Identification of Castasterone, 6-Deoxocastasterone, Typhasterol and 6-Deoxotyphasterol from the Shoots of Arabidopsis thaliana (1996)

Fujioka, Shozo, Choi, Yong-Hwa, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yokota, Takao, Li, Jianming, Chory, Joanne, ...

Endogenous brassinosteroids in the shoots of Arabidopsis thaliana were investigated. Castasterone, 6-deoxocastasterone, typhasterol and 6-deoxotyphasterol were identified by GC-MS. The co-occurrence...

Presence of a Pathway for the Biosynthesis of Auxin via Indole-3-Acetamide in Trifoliata Orange (1993)

Kawaguchi, Masayoshi, Fujioka, Shozo, Sakurai, Akira, Yamaki, Yoshikazu T., Syono, Kunihiko

The auxin-biosynthetic pathway from L-tryptophan to indole-3-acetic add via indole-3-acetamide (IAM), found in plant-pathogenic bacteria such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Pseudomonas savastanoi,...

Effect of L-Pipecolic Acid on Flowering in Lemna paucicostata and Lemna gibba (1992)

Fujioka, Shozo, Sakurai, Akira

L-Pipecolic acid was found to be effective in inducing flowering of Lemna paucicostata 151, 381, 441 and 6746, and of Lemna gibba G3. When the plants were grown on half-strength Hutner's medium,...

Gibberellin A12 Is Converted to Gibberellin A53 in Cultured Cells of Nicotiana tabacum and Catharanthus roseus (1991)

Song, Nam Hi, Fujioka, Shozo, Kamiya, Yuji, Sakurai, Akira, Liu, Jang Ryol

The metabolism of GA12 and its precursors was investigated in cultured cells of seven cell lines of Nicotiana tabacum and three cell lines of Catharanthus roseus using l4C-labeled substrates. The...

Effects of a Plant Growth Regulator, Prohexadione Calcium (BX-112), on the Elongation of Rice Shoots Caused by Exogenously Applied Gibberellins and Helminthosporol, Part II (1991)

Kamiya, Yuji, Kobayashi, Masatomo, Fujioka, Shozo, Yamane, Hisakazu, Nakayama, Ishizue, Sakurai, Akira

Prohexadione calcium (BX-112) is a novel plant growth regulator that inhibits the late stages of the biosynthesis of gibberellins in plants. Fourteen kinds of gjbberellin, helminthosporol and...

Isolation and Identification of L-Pipecolic Acid and Nicotinamide as Flower-Inducing Substances in Lemna (1987)

Fujioka, Shozo, Sakurai, Akira, Yamaguchi, Isomaro, Murofushi, Noboru, Takahashi, Nobutaka, Kaihara, Sumiko, ...

Flower-inducing factors in extracts of flowering Lemna gibba G3 were investigated using Lemna paucicostata 151 as the bioassay plant. Fractions with flower-inducing activity were obtained after...

Isolation and Identification of Nicotinic Acid as a Flower-Inducing Factor in Lemna (1986)

Fujioka, Shozo, Yamaguchi, Isomaro, Murofushi, Noboru, Takahashi, Nobutaka, Kaihara, Sumiko, Takimoto, Atsushi, ...

Extracts of flowering plants of the long-day plant Lemna gibba G3 and the short-day plants Lemna paucicostata 151 and 381 were tested on L. paucicostata 151 for flower-inducing activity. Crude...

The Influence of Nicotinic Acid and Plant Hormones on Flowering in Lemna (1986)

Fujioka, Shozo, Yamaguchi, Isomaro, Murofushi, Noboru, Takahashi, Nobutaka, Kaihara, Sumiko, Takimoto, Atsushi, ...

Nicotinic acid induces flowering in Lemna paucicostata 151 and 381 and Lemna gibba G3 when they are grown in one tenth-strength M medium under continuous light. For L. paucicostata 151 and 381, the...

Flowering and Endogenous Levels of Plant Hormones in Lemna Species (1986)

Fujioka, Shozo, Sakurai, Akira, Yamaguchi, Isomaro, Murofushi, Noboru, Takahashi, Nobutaka, Kaihara, Sumiko, ...

The occurrence and endogenous level of various plant hormones were measured for the short-day plants Lemna paucicostata 151 and 381 and the long-day plant Lemna gibba G3 to determine whether any of...

The Role of Benzoic Acid and Plant Hormones in Flowering of Lemna gibba G3 (1985)

Fujioka, Shozo, Yamaguchi, Isomaro, Murofushi, Noboru, Takahashi, Nobutaka, Kaihara, Sumiko, Takimoto, Atsushi, ...

The level of benzoic acid was measured in Lemna gibba G3 grown on M and E media under inductive and non-inductive daylengths. Benzoic acid was slightly higher in plants grown on M medium but there...

Flowering and Endogenous Levels of Benzoic Acid in Lemna Species (1983)

Fujioka, Shozo, Yamaguchi, Isomaro, Murofushi, Noboru, Takahashi, Nobutaka, Kaihara, Sumiko, Takimoto, Atsushi

The occurrence of benzoic acid, a flower-inducing factor in Lemna species, in L. paucicostata strains 151, 381, 321 and L. gibba G3 was established by several purification steps and final use of gas...

The tomato DWARF enzyme catalyses C-6 oxidation in brassinosteroid biosynthesis

Bishop, Gerard J., Nomura, Takahito, Yokota, Takao, Harrison, Kate, Noguchi, Takahiro, Fujioka, Shozo, ...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal plant hormones essential for normal plant growth and development. Mutants in the biosynthesis or perception of BRs are usually dwarf. The tomato Dwarf gene (D),...

BAS1: A gene regulating brassinosteroid levels and light responsiveness in Arabidopsis

Neff, Michael M., Nguyen, Serena M., Malancharuvil, Elizabeth J., Fujioka, Shozo, Noguchi, Takahiro, Seto, Hideharu, ...

The Arabidopsis bas1-D mutation suppresses the long hypocotyl phenotype caused by mutations in the photoreceptor phytochrome B (phyB). The adult phenotype of bas1-D phyB-4 double mutants mimics that...

The Arabidopsis dwarf1 Mutant Is Defective in the Conversion of 24-Methylenecholesterol to Campesterol in Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis1

Choe, Sunghwa, Dilkes, Brian P., Gregory, Brian D., Ross, Amanda S., Yuan, Heng, Noguchi, Takahiro, ...

Since the isolation and characterization of dwarf1-1 (dwf1-1) from a T-DNA insertion mutant population, phenotypically similar mutants, including deetiolated2 (det2), constitutive photomorphogenesis...

A Putative Role for the Tomato Genes DUMPY and CURL-3 in Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis and Response1

Koka, Chala V., Cerny, R. Eric, Gardner, Randy G., Noguchi, Takahiro, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, ...

The dumpy (dpy) mutant of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) exhibits short stature, reduced axillary branching, and altered leaf morphology. Application of brassinolide and castasterone rescued...

Characterization of Brassinazole, a Triazole-Type Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis Inhibitor1

Asami, Tadao, Min, Yong Ki, Nagata, Noriko, Yamagishi, Kazutoshi, Takatsuto, Suguru, Fujioka, Shozo, ...

Screening for brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis inhibitors was performed to find chemicals that induce dwarfism in Arabidopsis, mutants that resembled BR biosynthesis mutants that can be rescued by...

Biosynthetic Pathways of Brassinolide in Arabidopsis1

Noguchi, Takahiro, Fujioka, Shozo, Choe, Sunghwa, Takatsuto, Suguru, Tax, Frans E., Yoshida, Shigeo, ...

Our previous studies on the endogenous brassinosteroids (BRs) in Arabidopsis have provided suggestive evidence for the operation of the early C6-oxidation and the late C6-oxidation pathways, leading...

Arabidopsis det2 Is Defective in the Conversion of (24R)-24-Methylcholest-4-En-3-One to (24R)-24-Methyl-5α-Cholestan-3-One in Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis1

Noguchi, Takahiro, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Sakurai, Akira, Yoshida, Shigeo, Li, Jianming, ...

Previously, we have shown that the Arabidopsis det2 (deetiolated2) mutant is defective in the biosynthesis of brassinosteroids (BR) and that DET2 (a steroid 5α-reductase) acts early in the proposed...

Brassinosteroid-Insensitive Dwarf Mutants of Arabidopsis Accumulate Brassinosteroids1

Noguchi, Takahiro, Fujioka, Shozo, Choe, Sunghwa, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, Yuan, Heng, ...

Seven dwarf mutants resembling brassinosteroid (BR)-biosynthetic dwarfs were isolated that did not respond significantly to the application of exogenous BRs. Genetic and molecular analyses revealed...

Brassinosteroid Levels Increase Drastically Prior to Morphogenesis of Tracheary Elements

Yamamoto, Ryo, Fujioka, Shozo, Demura, Taku, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, Fukuda, Hiroo

As the first step toward understanding the involvement of endogenous brassinosteroids (BRs) in cytodifferentiation, we analyzed biosynthetic activities of BRs in zinnia (Zinnia elegans L. cv Canary...

Brassinosteroid-6-Oxidases from Arabidopsis and Tomato Catalyze Multiple C-6 Oxidations in Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis1

Shimada, Yukihisa, Fujioka, Shozo, Miyauchi, Narumasa, Kushiro, Masayo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Nomura, Takahito, ...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal plant hormones that are essential for growth and development. It has been proposed that BRs are synthesized via two parallel pathways, the early and late C-6...

Loss of Function of a Rice brassinosteroid insensitive1 Homolog Prevents Internode Elongation and Bending of the Lamina Joint

Yamamuro, Chizuko, Ihara, Yoshihisa, Wu, Xiong, Noguchi, Takahiro, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, ...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant growth–promoting natural products required for plant growth and development. Physiological studies have demonstrated that exogenous BR, alone or in combination with...

The Identification of CVP1 Reveals a Role for Sterols in Vascular Patterning

Carland, Francine M., Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, Nelson, Timothy

Vascular cell axialization refers to the uniform alignment of vascular strands. In the Arabidopsis cotyledon vascular pattern1 (cvp1) mutant, vascular cells are not arranged in parallel files and are...

An Early C-22 Oxidation Branch in the Brassinosteroid Biosynthetic Pathway

Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo

The natural occurrence of 22-hydroxylated steroids in cultured Catharanthus roseus cells and in Arabidopsis seedlings was investigated. Using full-scan gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis,...

Microarray Analysis of Brassinosteroid-Regulated Genes in Arabidopsis

Goda, Hideki, Shimada, Yukihisa, Asami, Tadao, Fujioka, Shozo, Yoshida, Shigeo

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal plant hormones that are essential for growth and development. Although insights into the functions of BRs have been provided by recent studies of biosynthesis and...

Arabidopsis Brassinosteroid-Insensitive dwarf12 Mutants Are Semidominant and Defective in a Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β-Like Kinase1

Choe, Sunghwa, Schmitz, Robert J., Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Lee, Mi-Ok, Yoshida, Shigeo, ...

Mutants defective in the biosynthesis or signaling of brassinosteroids (BRs), plant steroid hormones, display dwarfism. Loss-of-function mutants for the gene encoding the plasma membrane-located BR...

Organ-Specific Expression of Brassinosteroid-Biosynthetic Genes and Distribution of Endogenous Brassinosteroids in Arabidopsis

Shimada, Yukihisa, Goda, Hideki, Nakamura, Ayako, Takatsuto, Suguru, Fujioka, Shozo, Yoshida, Shigeo

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal plant hormones that are essential for growth and development. There is only limited information on where BRs are synthesized and used. We studied the organ...

Sterols Regulate Development and Gene Expression in Arabidopsis1

He, Jun-Xian, Fujioka, Shozo, Li, Tsai-Chi, Kang, Shin Gene, Seto, Hideharu, Takatsuto, Suguru, ...

Sterols are important not only for structural components of eukaryotic cell membranes but also for biosynthetic precursors of steroid hormones. In plants, the diverse functions of sterol-derived...

The dominant non-gibberellin-responding dwarf mutant (D8) of maize accumulates native gibberellins

Fujioka, Shozo, Yamane, Hisakazu, Spray, Clive R., Katsumi, Masayuki, Phinney, Bernard O., Gaskin, Paul, ...

The endogenous gibberellins (GAs) were examined from young vegetative shoots of the dominant mutant, Dwarf-8, a GA-nonresponder, and normal maize; GA44, GA17, GA19, GA20, GA29, GA1, and GA8, members...

A Rice Brassinosteroid-Deficient Mutant, ebisu dwarf (d2), Is Caused by a Loss of Function of a New Member of Cytochrome P450

Hong, Zhi, Ueguchi-Tanaka, Miyako, Umemura, Kazuto, Uozu, Sakurako, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, ...

We characterized a rice dwarf mutant, ebisu dwarf (d2). It showed the pleiotropic abnormal phenotype similar to that of the rice brassinosteroid (BR)-insensitive mutant, d61. The dwarf phenotype of...

CYP72B1 Inactivates Brassinosteroid Hormones: An Intersection between Photomorphogenesis and Plant Steroid Signal Transduction1

Turk, Edward M., Fujioka, Shozo, Seto, Hideharu, Shimada, Yukihisa, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, ...

Active brassinosteroids, such as brassinolide (BL) and castasterone, are growth promoting plant hormones. An Arabidopsis cytochrome P450 monooxygenase encoded by CYP72B1 has been implicated in...

A critical role of sterols in embryonic patterning and meristem programming revealed by the fackel mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana

Jang, Jyan-Chyun, Fujioka, Shozo, Tasaka, Masao, Seto, Hideharu, Takatsuto, Suguru, Ishii, Akira, ...

Here we report a novel Arabidopsis dwarf mutant, fackel-J79, whose adult morphology resembles that of brassinosteroid-deficient mutants but also displays distorted embryos, supernumerary cotyledons,...

Comprehensive Comparison of Auxin-Regulated and Brassinosteroid-Regulated Genes in Arabidopsis[w]

Goda, Hideki, Sawa, Shinichiro, Asami, Tadao, Fujioka, Shozo, Shimada, Yukihisa, Yoshida, Shigeo

Although numerous physiological studies have addressed the interactions between brassinosteroids and auxins, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Using an Affymetrix GeneChip...

Brassinosteroid Deficiency Due to Truncated Steroid 5α-Reductase Causes Dwarfism in the lk Mutant of Pea1

Nomura, Takahito, Jager, Corinne E., Kitasaka, Yukiko, Takeuchi, Keiichi, Fukami, Motohiro, Yoneyama, Koichi, ...

The endogenous brassinosteroids in the dwarf mutant lk of pea (Pisum sativum) were quantified by gas chromatography-selected ion monitoring. The levels of castasterone, 6-deoxocastasterone, and...

Endogenous Gibberellins from Sporophytes of Two Tree Ferns, Cibotium glaucum and Dicksonia antarctica1

Yamane, Hisakazu, Fujioka, Shozo, Spray, Clive R., Phinney, Bernard O., MacMillan, Jake, Gaskin, Paul, ...

Gibberellin A1 (GA1), 3-epi-GA1, GA4, GA9, 11α-hydroxyGA12, 12α-hydroxyGA12, GA15, GA17, GA19, GA20, GA25, GA37, GA40, GA58, GA69, GA70, and GA71 have been identified from Kovats retention indices...

Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of Gibberellins in Vegetative Shoots of Normal, dwarf-1, dwarf-2, dwarf-3, and dwarf-5 Seedlings of Zea mays L. 1

Fujioka, Shozo, Yamane, Hisakazu, Spray, Clive R., Gaskin, Paul, Macmillan, Jake, Phinney, Bernard O., ...

Gibberellins A12 (GA12), GA53, GA44, GA19, GA17, GA20, GA29, GA1, and GA8 have been identified from extracts of vegetative shoots of normal (wild type) maize using full scan capillary gas...

A Novel Cytochrome P450 Is Implicated in Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis via the Characterization of a Rice Dwarf Mutant, dwarf11, with Reduced Seed Length

Tanabe, Sumiyo, Ashikari, Motoyuki, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, Yano, Masahiro, ...

We have characterized a rice (Oryza sativa) dwarf mutant, dwarf11 (d11), that bears seeds of reduced length. To understand the mechanism by which seed length is regulated, the D11 gene was isolated...

Gibberellin A3 Is Biosynthesized from Gibberellin A20 via Gibberellin A5 in Shoots of Zea mays L. 1

Fujioka, Shozo, Yamane, Hisakazu, Spray, Clive R., Phinney, Bernard O., Gaskin, Paul, MacMillan, Jake, ...

[17-13C,3H]-Labeled gibberellin A20 (GA20), GA5, and GA1 were fed to homozygous normal (+/+), heterozygous dominant dwarf (D8/+), and homozygous dominant dwarf (D8/D8) seedlings of Zea mays L....

Triadimefon, a fungicidal triazole-type P450 inhibitor, induces brassinosteroid deficiency-like phenotypes in plants and binds to DWF4 protein in the brassinosteroid biosynthesis pathway.

Asami, Tadao, Mizutani, Masaharu, Shimada, Yukihisa, Goda, Hideki, Kitahata, Nobutaka, Sekimata, Katsuhiko, ...

Triadimefon (Bayleton), a widely used triazole-type fungicide, affects gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis and 14 alpha-demethylase in sterol biosynthesis. The present study revealed that the phenotype of...

The UGT73C5 of Arabidopsis thaliana glucosylates brassinosteroids

Poppenberger, Brigitte, Fujioka, Shozo, Soeno, Kazuo, George, Gilu L., Vaistij, Fabián E., Hiranuma, Sayoko, ...

Steroid hormones are essential for development, and the precise control of their homeostasis is a prerequisite for normal growth. UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are considered to play an important...

The Rice brassinosteroid-deficient dwarf2 Mutant, Defective in the Rice Homolog of Arabidopsis DIMINUTO/DWARF1, Is Rescued by the Endogenously Accumulated Alternative Bioactive Brassinosteroid, Dolichosterone

Hong, Zhi, Ueguchi-Tanaka, Miyako, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, Hasegawa, Yasuko, ...

We have identified a rice (Oryza sativa) brassinosteroid (BR)-deficient mutant, BR-deficient dwarf2 (brd2). The brd2 locus contains a single base deletion in the coding region of Dim/dwf1, a homolog...

TANMEI/EMB2757 Encodes a WD Repeat Protein Required for Embryo Development in Arabidopsis1

Yamagishi, Kazutoshi, Nagata, Noriko, Yee, Kelly Matsudaira, Braybrook, Siobhan A., Pelletier, Julie, Fujioka, Shozo, ...

We identified the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) tanmei/emb2757 (tan) mutation that causes defects in both embryo and seedling development. tan mutant embryos share many characteristics with the...

The tomato DWARF enzyme catalyses C-6 oxidation in brassinosteroid biosynthesis

Bishop, Gerard J., Nomura, Takahito, Yokota, Takao, Harrison, Kate, Noguchi, Takahiro, Fujioka, Shozo, ...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal plant hormones essential for normal plant growth and development. Mutants in the biosynthesis or perception of BRs are usually dwarf. The tomato Dwarf gene (D),...

BAS1: A gene regulating brassinosteroid levels and light responsiveness in Arabidopsis

Neff, Michael M., Nguyen, Serena M., Malancharuvil, Elizabeth J., Fujioka, Shozo, Noguchi, Takahiro, Seto, Hideharu, ...

The Arabidopsis bas1-D mutation suppresses the long hypocotyl phenotype caused by mutations in the photoreceptor phytochrome B (phyB). The adult phenotype of bas1-D phyB-4 double mutants mimics that...

The Arabidopsis dwarf1 Mutant Is Defective in the Conversion of 24-Methylenecholesterol to Campesterol in Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis1

Choe, Sunghwa, Dilkes, Brian P., Gregory, Brian D., Ross, Amanda S., Yuan, Heng, Noguchi, Takahiro, ...

Since the isolation and characterization of dwarf1-1 (dwf1-1) from a T-DNA insertion mutant population, phenotypically similar mutants, including deetiolated2 (det2), constitutive photomorphogenesis...

A Putative Role for the Tomato Genes DUMPY and CURL-3 in Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis and Response1

Koka, Chala V., Cerny, R. Eric, Gardner, Randy G., Noguchi, Takahiro, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, ...

The dumpy (dpy) mutant of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) exhibits short stature, reduced axillary branching, and altered leaf morphology. Application of brassinolide and castasterone rescued...

Characterization of Brassinazole, a Triazole-Type Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis Inhibitor1

Asami, Tadao, Min, Yong Ki, Nagata, Noriko, Yamagishi, Kazutoshi, Takatsuto, Suguru, Fujioka, Shozo, ...

Screening for brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis inhibitors was performed to find chemicals that induce dwarfism in Arabidopsis, mutants that resembled BR biosynthesis mutants that can be rescued by...

Biosynthetic Pathways of Brassinolide in Arabidopsis1

Noguchi, Takahiro, Fujioka, Shozo, Choe, Sunghwa, Takatsuto, Suguru, Tax, Frans E., Yoshida, Shigeo, ...

Our previous studies on the endogenous brassinosteroids (BRs) in Arabidopsis have provided suggestive evidence for the operation of the early C6-oxidation and the late C6-oxidation pathways, leading...

Arabidopsis det2 Is Defective in the Conversion of (24R)-24-Methylcholest-4-En-3-One to (24R)-24-Methyl-5α-Cholestan-3-One in Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis1

Noguchi, Takahiro, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Sakurai, Akira, Yoshida, Shigeo, Li, Jianming, ...

Previously, we have shown that the Arabidopsis det2 (deetiolated2) mutant is defective in the biosynthesis of brassinosteroids (BR) and that DET2 (a steroid 5α-reductase) acts early in the proposed...

Brassinosteroid-Insensitive Dwarf Mutants of Arabidopsis Accumulate Brassinosteroids1

Noguchi, Takahiro, Fujioka, Shozo, Choe, Sunghwa, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, Yuan, Heng, ...

Seven dwarf mutants resembling brassinosteroid (BR)-biosynthetic dwarfs were isolated that did not respond significantly to the application of exogenous BRs. Genetic and molecular analyses revealed...

Brassinosteroid Levels Increase Drastically Prior to Morphogenesis of Tracheary Elements

Yamamoto, Ryo, Fujioka, Shozo, Demura, Taku, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, Fukuda, Hiroo

As the first step toward understanding the involvement of endogenous brassinosteroids (BRs) in cytodifferentiation, we analyzed biosynthetic activities of BRs in zinnia (Zinnia elegans L. cv Canary...

Brassinosteroid-6-Oxidases from Arabidopsis and Tomato Catalyze Multiple C-6 Oxidations in Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis1

Shimada, Yukihisa, Fujioka, Shozo, Miyauchi, Narumasa, Kushiro, Masayo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Nomura, Takahito, ...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal plant hormones that are essential for growth and development. It has been proposed that BRs are synthesized via two parallel pathways, the early and late C-6...

Loss of Function of a Rice brassinosteroid insensitive1 Homolog Prevents Internode Elongation and Bending of the Lamina Joint

Yamamuro, Chizuko, Ihara, Yoshihisa, Wu, Xiong, Noguchi, Takahiro, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, ...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant growth–promoting natural products required for plant growth and development. Physiological studies have demonstrated that exogenous BR, alone or in combination with...

The Identification of CVP1 Reveals a Role for Sterols in Vascular Patterning

Carland, Francine M., Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, Nelson, Timothy

Vascular cell axialization refers to the uniform alignment of vascular strands. In the Arabidopsis cotyledon vascular pattern1 (cvp1) mutant, vascular cells are not arranged in parallel files and are...

An Early C-22 Oxidation Branch in the Brassinosteroid Biosynthetic Pathway

Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo

The natural occurrence of 22-hydroxylated steroids in cultured Catharanthus roseus cells and in Arabidopsis seedlings was investigated. Using full-scan gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis,...

Microarray Analysis of Brassinosteroid-Regulated Genes in Arabidopsis

Goda, Hideki, Shimada, Yukihisa, Asami, Tadao, Fujioka, Shozo, Yoshida, Shigeo

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal plant hormones that are essential for growth and development. Although insights into the functions of BRs have been provided by recent studies of biosynthesis and...

Arabidopsis Brassinosteroid-Insensitive dwarf12 Mutants Are Semidominant and Defective in a Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β-Like Kinase1

Choe, Sunghwa, Schmitz, Robert J., Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Lee, Mi-Ok, Yoshida, Shigeo, ...

Mutants defective in the biosynthesis or signaling of brassinosteroids (BRs), plant steroid hormones, display dwarfism. Loss-of-function mutants for the gene encoding the plasma membrane-located BR...

Organ-Specific Expression of Brassinosteroid-Biosynthetic Genes and Distribution of Endogenous Brassinosteroids in Arabidopsis

Shimada, Yukihisa, Goda, Hideki, Nakamura, Ayako, Takatsuto, Suguru, Fujioka, Shozo, Yoshida, Shigeo

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal plant hormones that are essential for growth and development. There is only limited information on where BRs are synthesized and used. We studied the organ...

Sterols Regulate Development and Gene Expression in Arabidopsis1

He, Jun-Xian, Fujioka, Shozo, Li, Tsai-Chi, Kang, Shin Gene, Seto, Hideharu, Takatsuto, Suguru, ...

Sterols are important not only for structural components of eukaryotic cell membranes but also for biosynthetic precursors of steroid hormones. In plants, the diverse functions of sterol-derived...

The dominant non-gibberellin-responding dwarf mutant (D8) of maize accumulates native gibberellins

Fujioka, Shozo, Yamane, Hisakazu, Spray, Clive R., Katsumi, Masayuki, Phinney, Bernard O., Gaskin, Paul, ...

The endogenous gibberellins (GAs) were examined from young vegetative shoots of the dominant mutant, Dwarf-8, a GA-nonresponder, and normal maize; GA44, GA17, GA19, GA20, GA29, GA1, and GA8, members...

A Rice Brassinosteroid-Deficient Mutant, ebisu dwarf (d2), Is Caused by a Loss of Function of a New Member of Cytochrome P450

Hong, Zhi, Ueguchi-Tanaka, Miyako, Umemura, Kazuto, Uozu, Sakurako, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, ...

We characterized a rice dwarf mutant, ebisu dwarf (d2). It showed the pleiotropic abnormal phenotype similar to that of the rice brassinosteroid (BR)-insensitive mutant, d61. The dwarf phenotype of...

CYP72B1 Inactivates Brassinosteroid Hormones: An Intersection between Photomorphogenesis and Plant Steroid Signal Transduction1

Turk, Edward M., Fujioka, Shozo, Seto, Hideharu, Shimada, Yukihisa, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, ...

Active brassinosteroids, such as brassinolide (BL) and castasterone, are growth promoting plant hormones. An Arabidopsis cytochrome P450 monooxygenase encoded by CYP72B1 has been implicated in...

A critical role of sterols in embryonic patterning and meristem programming revealed by the fackel mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana

Jang, Jyan-Chyun, Fujioka, Shozo, Tasaka, Masao, Seto, Hideharu, Takatsuto, Suguru, Ishii, Akira, ...

Here we report a novel Arabidopsis dwarf mutant, fackel-J79, whose adult morphology resembles that of brassinosteroid-deficient mutants but also displays distorted embryos, supernumerary cotyledons,...

Comprehensive Comparison of Auxin-Regulated and Brassinosteroid-Regulated Genes in Arabidopsis[w]

Goda, Hideki, Sawa, Shinichiro, Asami, Tadao, Fujioka, Shozo, Shimada, Yukihisa, Yoshida, Shigeo

Although numerous physiological studies have addressed the interactions between brassinosteroids and auxins, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Using an Affymetrix GeneChip...

Brassinosteroid Deficiency Due to Truncated Steroid 5α-Reductase Causes Dwarfism in the lk Mutant of Pea1

Nomura, Takahito, Jager, Corinne E., Kitasaka, Yukiko, Takeuchi, Keiichi, Fukami, Motohiro, Yoneyama, Koichi, ...

The endogenous brassinosteroids in the dwarf mutant lk of pea (Pisum sativum) were quantified by gas chromatography-selected ion monitoring. The levels of castasterone, 6-deoxocastasterone, and...

Endogenous Gibberellins from Sporophytes of Two Tree Ferns, Cibotium glaucum and Dicksonia antarctica1

Yamane, Hisakazu, Fujioka, Shozo, Spray, Clive R., Phinney, Bernard O., MacMillan, Jake, Gaskin, Paul, ...

Gibberellin A1 (GA1), 3-epi-GA1, GA4, GA9, 11α-hydroxyGA12, 12α-hydroxyGA12, GA15, GA17, GA19, GA20, GA25, GA37, GA40, GA58, GA69, GA70, and GA71 have been identified from Kovats retention indices...

Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of Gibberellins in Vegetative Shoots of Normal, dwarf-1, dwarf-2, dwarf-3, and dwarf-5 Seedlings of Zea mays L. 1

Fujioka, Shozo, Yamane, Hisakazu, Spray, Clive R., Gaskin, Paul, Macmillan, Jake, Phinney, Bernard O., ...

Gibberellins A12 (GA12), GA53, GA44, GA19, GA17, GA20, GA29, GA1, and GA8 have been identified from extracts of vegetative shoots of normal (wild type) maize using full scan capillary gas...

A Novel Cytochrome P450 Is Implicated in Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis via the Characterization of a Rice Dwarf Mutant, dwarf11, with Reduced Seed Length

Tanabe, Sumiyo, Ashikari, Motoyuki, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, Yano, Masahiro, ...

We have characterized a rice (Oryza sativa) dwarf mutant, dwarf11 (d11), that bears seeds of reduced length. To understand the mechanism by which seed length is regulated, the D11 gene was isolated...

Gibberellin A3 Is Biosynthesized from Gibberellin A20 via Gibberellin A5 in Shoots of Zea mays L. 1

Fujioka, Shozo, Yamane, Hisakazu, Spray, Clive R., Phinney, Bernard O., Gaskin, Paul, MacMillan, Jake, ...

[17-13C,3H]-Labeled gibberellin A20 (GA20), GA5, and GA1 were fed to homozygous normal (+/+), heterozygous dominant dwarf (D8/+), and homozygous dominant dwarf (D8/D8) seedlings of Zea mays L....

The Rice brassinosteroid-deficient dwarf2 Mutant, Defective in the Rice Homolog of Arabidopsis DIMINUTO/DWARF1, Is Rescued by the Endogenously Accumulated Alternative Bioactive Brassinosteroid, Dolichosterone

Hong, Zhi, Ueguchi-Tanaka, Miyako, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, Hasegawa, Yasuko, ...

We have identified a rice (Oryza sativa) brassinosteroid (BR)-deficient mutant, BR-deficient dwarf2 (brd2). The brd2 locus contains a single base deletion in the coding region of Dim/dwf1, a homolog...

TANMEI/EMB2757 Encodes a WD Repeat Protein Required for Embryo Development in Arabidopsis1

Yamagishi, Kazutoshi, Nagata, Noriko, Yee, Kelly Matsudaira, Braybrook, Siobhan A., Pelletier, Julie, Fujioka, Shozo, ...

We identified the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) tanmei/emb2757 (tan) mutation that causes defects in both embryo and seedling development. tan mutant embryos share many characteristics with the...

Triadimefon, a fungicidal triazole-type P450 inhibitor, induces brassinosteroid deficiency-like phenotypes in plants and binds to DWF4 protein in the brassinosteroid biosynthesis pathway.

Asami, Tadao, Mizutani, Masaharu, Shimada, Yukihisa, Goda, Hideki, Kitahata, Nobutaka, Sekimata, Katsuhiko, ...

Triadimefon (Bayleton), a widely used triazole-type fungicide, affects gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis and 14 alpha-demethylase in sterol biosynthesis. The present study revealed that the phenotype of...

The UGT73C5 of Arabidopsis thaliana glucosylates brassinosteroids

Poppenberger, Brigitte, Fujioka, Shozo, Soeno, Kazuo, George, Gilu L., Vaistij, Fabián E., Hiranuma, Sayoko, ...

Steroid hormones are essential for development, and the precise control of their homeostasis is a prerequisite for normal growth. UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are considered to play an important...

The Regulation of DWARF4 Expression Is Likely a Critical Mechanism in Maintaining the Homeostasis of Bioactive Brassinosteroids in Arabidopsis1

Kim, Ho Bang, Kwon, Mi, Ryu, Hojin, Fujioka, Shozo, Takatsuto, Suguru, Yoshida, Shigeo, ...

Mutants that are defective in brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis or signaling display severely retarded growth patterns due to absence of growth-promoting effects by BRs. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis...

The Role of OsBRI1 and Its Homologous Genes, OsBRL1 and OsBRL3, in Rice1

Nakamura, Ayako, Fujioka, Shozo, Sunohara, Hidehiko, Kamiya, Noriko, Hong, Zhi, Inukai, Yoshiaki, ...

Since first identifying two alleles of a rice (Oryza sativa) brassinosteroid (BR)-insensitive mutant, d61, that were also defective in an orthologous gene in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)...

Brassinosteroids Regulate Grain Filling in Rice[W][OA]

Wu, Chuan-yin, Trieu, Anthony, Radhakrishnan, Parthiban, Kwok, Shing F., Harris, Sam, Zhang, Ke, ...

Genes controlling hormone levels have been used to increase grain yields in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rice (Oryza sativa). We created transgenic rice plants expressing maize (Zea mays), rice, or...

The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase SCFTIR1/AFB and Membrane Sterols Play Key Roles in Auxin Regulation of Endocytosis, Recycling, and Plasma Membrane Accumulation of the Auxin Efflux Transporter PIN2 in Arabidopsis thaliana[C][W][OA]

Pan, Jianwei, Fujioka, Shozo, Peng, Jianling, Chen, Jianghua, Li, Guangming, Chen, Rujin

The PIN family of auxin efflux transporters exhibit polar plasma membrane (PM) localization and play a key role in auxin gradient-mediated developmental processes. Auxin inhibits PIN2 endocytosis and...