Stephen Spiro

Nitric Oxide Is a Signal for NNR-Mediated Transcription Activation in Paracoccus denitrificans

Houben, Edith, Reijnders, Willem N. M., Spiro, Stephen, Westerhoff, Hans V., Saunders, Neil

By using the ′lacZ gene, the activities of the nirI, nirS, and norC promoters were assayed in the wild type and in NNR-deficient mutants of Paracoccus denitrificans grown under various growth...

Anaerobic Growth of Paracoccus denitrificans Requires Cobalamin: Characterization of cobK and cobJ Genes

Shearer, Neil, Hinsley, Andrew P., Spiro, Stephen

A pleiotropic mutant of Paracoccus denitrificans, which has a severe defect that affects its anaerobic growth when either nitrate, nitrite, or nitrous oxide is used as the terminal electron acceptor...

Heterologous NNR-Mediated Nitric Oxide Signaling in Escherichia coli

Hutchings, Matthew I., Shearer, Neil, Wastell, Sarah, Spiro, Stephen

The transcription factor NNR from Paracoccus denitrificans was expressed in a strain of Escherichia coli carrying a plasmid-borne fusion of the melR promoter to lacZ, with a consensus FNR-binding...

Two Conserved Glutamates in the Bacterial Nitric Oxide Reductase Are Essential for Activity but Not Assembly of the Enzyme

Butland, Gareth, Spiro, Stephen, Watmough, Nicholas J., Richardson, David J.

The bacterial nitric oxide reductase (NOR) is a divergent member of the family of respiratory heme-copper oxidases. It differs from other family members in that it contains an FeB–heme-Fe dinuclear...

The NorR Protein of Escherichia coli Activates Expression of the Flavorubredoxin Gene norV in Response to Reactive Nitrogen Species

Hutchings, Matthew I., Mandhana, Neeraj, Spiro, Stephen

The Escherichia coli norVW genes encode a flavorubredoxin and NADH:(flavo)rubredoxin reductase, respectively, which are involved in nitric oxide detoxification under anaerobic growth conditions. Here...

Transcription Factor FnrP from Paracoccus denitrificans Contains an Iron-Sulfur Cluster and Is Activated by Anoxia: Identification of Essential Cysteine Residues

Hutchings, Matthew I., Crack, Jason C., Shearer, Neil, Thompson, Benjamin J., Thomson, Andrew J., Spiro, Stephen

The Paracoccus denitrificans transcription factor FnrP has been characterized using artificial FNR-dependent promoter-lacZ fusion plasmids in Escherichia coli. FnrP can activate both class I and...

DNA Binding Activity of the Escherichia coli Nitric Oxide Sensor NorR Suggests a Conserved Target Sequence in Diverse Proteobacteria

Tucker, Nicholas P., D'Autréaux, Benoît, Studholme, David J., Spiro, Stephen, Dixon, Ray

The Escherichia coli nitric oxide sensor NorR was shown to bind to the promoter region of the norVW transcription unit, forming at least two distinct complexes detectable by gel retardation. Three...

The yjeB (nsrR) Gene of Escherichia coli Encodes a Nitric Oxide-Sensitive Transcriptional Regulator

Bodenmiller, Diane M., Spiro, Stephen

Microarray studies of the Escherichia coli response to nitric oxide and nitrosative stress have suggested that additional transcriptional regulators of this response remain to be characterized. We...

Cell–cell signaling in Xanthomonas campestris involves an HD-GYP domain protein that functions in cyclic di-GMP turnover

Ryan, Robert P., Fouhy, Yvonne, Lucey, Jean F., Crossman, Lisa C., Spiro, Stephen, He, Ya-Wen, ...

HD-GYP is a protein domain of unknown biochemical function implicated in bacterial signaling and regulation. In the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the synthesis of virulence...

Nitric Oxide Is a Signal for NNR-Mediated Transcription Activation in Paracoccus denitrificans

Houben, Edith, Reijnders, Willem N. M., Spiro, Stephen, Westerhoff, Hans V., Saunders, Neil

By using the ′lacZ gene, the activities of the nirI, nirS, and norC promoters were assayed in the wild type and in NNR-deficient mutants of Paracoccus denitrificans grown under various growth...

Anaerobic Growth of Paracoccus denitrificans Requires Cobalamin: Characterization of cobK and cobJ Genes

Shearer, Neil, Hinsley, Andrew P., Spiro, Stephen

A pleiotropic mutant of Paracoccus denitrificans, which has a severe defect that affects its anaerobic growth when either nitrate, nitrite, or nitrous oxide is used as the terminal electron acceptor...

Heterologous NNR-Mediated Nitric Oxide Signaling in Escherichia coli

Hutchings, Matthew I., Shearer, Neil, Wastell, Sarah, Spiro, Stephen

The transcription factor NNR from Paracoccus denitrificans was expressed in a strain of Escherichia coli carrying a plasmid-borne fusion of the melR promoter to lacZ, with a consensus FNR-binding...

Two Conserved Glutamates in the Bacterial Nitric Oxide Reductase Are Essential for Activity but Not Assembly of the Enzyme

Butland, Gareth, Spiro, Stephen, Watmough, Nicholas J., Richardson, David J.

The bacterial nitric oxide reductase (NOR) is a divergent member of the family of respiratory heme-copper oxidases. It differs from other family members in that it contains an FeB–heme-Fe dinuclear...

The NorR Protein of Escherichia coli Activates Expression of the Flavorubredoxin Gene norV in Response to Reactive Nitrogen Species

Hutchings, Matthew I., Mandhana, Neeraj, Spiro, Stephen

The Escherichia coli norVW genes encode a flavorubredoxin and NADH:(flavo)rubredoxin reductase, respectively, which are involved in nitric oxide detoxification under anaerobic growth conditions. Here...

Transcription Factor FnrP from Paracoccus denitrificans Contains an Iron-Sulfur Cluster and Is Activated by Anoxia: Identification of Essential Cysteine Residues

Hutchings, Matthew I., Crack, Jason C., Shearer, Neil, Thompson, Benjamin J., Thomson, Andrew J., Spiro, Stephen

The Paracoccus denitrificans transcription factor FnrP has been characterized using artificial FNR-dependent promoter-lacZ fusion plasmids in Escherichia coli. FnrP can activate both class I and...

DNA Binding Activity of the Escherichia coli Nitric Oxide Sensor NorR Suggests a Conserved Target Sequence in Diverse Proteobacteria

Tucker, Nicholas P., D'Autréaux, Benoît, Studholme, David J., Spiro, Stephen, Dixon, Ray

The Escherichia coli nitric oxide sensor NorR was shown to bind to the promoter region of the norVW transcription unit, forming at least two distinct complexes detectable by gel retardation. Three...

The yjeB (nsrR) Gene of Escherichia coli Encodes a Nitric Oxide-Sensitive Transcriptional Regulator

Bodenmiller, Diane M., Spiro, Stephen

Microarray studies of the Escherichia coli response to nitric oxide and nitrosative stress have suggested that additional transcriptional regulators of this response remain to be characterized. We...

Cell–cell signaling in Xanthomonas campestris involves an HD-GYP domain protein that functions in cyclic di-GMP turnover

Ryan, Robert P., Fouhy, Yvonne, Lucey, Jean F., Crossman, Lisa C., Spiro, Stephen, He, Ya-Wen, ...

HD-GYP is a protein domain of unknown biochemical function implicated in bacterial signaling and regulation. In the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the synthesis of virulence...

The NsrR Regulon of Escherichia coli K-12 Includes Genes Encoding the Hybrid Cluster Protein and the Periplasmic, Respiratory Nitrite Reductase▿

Filenko, Nina, Spiro, Stephen, Browning, Douglas F., Squire, Derrick, Overton, Tim W., Cole, Jeff, ...

Successful pathogens must be able to protect themselves against reactive nitrogen species generated either as part of host defense mechanisms or as products of their own metabolism. The regulatory...

Stability of a 24-meric homopolymer: Comparative studies of assembly-defective mutants of Rhodobacter capsulatus bacterioferritin and the native protein

Kilic, Mehmet A., Spiro, Stephen, Moore, Geoffrey R.

The stability of Rhodobacter capsulatus bacterioferritin, a 24-meric homopolymer, toward denaturation on variation in pH and temperature, and increasing concentrations of urea and guanidine.HCl was...